I HC QUC GIA TP.

HCM TRNG I HC BCH KHOA KHOA KHOA HC & K THUT MY TNH ---o0o---

BI BO CO THUYT TRNH MN TNH TON LI

SAAS TRONG CLOUD COMPUTING

GVHD: TS.Phm Trn V HVCH1: Nguyn Thanh Tng (09070475) HVCH2: L Cnh Hip (09070435)

TP. H CH MINH, THNG 6 NM 2011

Bo co thuy t trnh mn Tnh ton li

Mc lc
I. GII THIU .............................................................................................................. 1

II. NI DUNG TI ................................................................................................... 2 III. CLOUD COMPUTING: NH NGHA, TNH CHT V M HNH ..................... 2 3.1 3.2 3.3 nh ngha ........................................................................................................................................... 2 Tnh cht c bn ca Cloud Computing ..................................................................................... 4 Cc m hnh Coud Computing ...................................................................................................... 6

IV. SAAS TRONG CLOUD COMPUTING ....................................................................10 4.1 V tr SAAS trong cc lp ca kin trc cloud computing .........................................10 4.2 Sofware as a Service l g ..........................................................................................11 4.3 Phn loi trong SaaS .................................................................................................12 4.4 Nhng thun li khi trin khai Saas ..........................................................................12 4.5 Mt s gii hn trong khi trin khai SaaS .................................................................13 V. S PH BIN TRONG VIC P DNG SAAS HIN NAY ..................................14 5.1 i vi doanh nghip ..................................................................................................................... 14 5.1.1 Rt nhiu platform SaaS ................................................................................................................ 15 5.1.2 Li ch o ha ................................................................................................................................. 15 VI. TCH HP CC DCH V KHC NHAU C TRONG CLOUD ...........................16 VII. SaaS v SOA..............................................................................................................17 7.1 7.2 c trng SOA ................................................................................................................................ 18 Kt hp cc cloud v SOA ........................................................................................................... 19 Li ch kinh t ................................................................................................................................ 21 B t li trong vi c dng SaaS: ................................................................................................... 24 QuickBooks ca Intuit .................................................................................................................. 24 Google Apps ..................................................................................................................................... 26 Microsoft Office Live Small Business....................................................................................... 27 Cc s n ph m kinh doanh khc da trn ng d ng SaaS. ........................................... 28

VIII. So sch l ch v nh hn ch v mt chi ph ca SaaS .............................................21 i ng 8.1 8.2 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4

IX. CC CNG TY TIU BIU CUNG C SAAS ....................................................................24 P

X. TI LIU THAM KHO .........................................................................................29

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MC LC MINH HA
Hnh 1 Nhiu khch hng dng chung ti nguyn ..................................................................................... 5 Hnh 2 M hnh dch v ca Cloud ............................................................................................................ 6 Hnh 3M hnh Public Cloud ..................................................................................................................... 8 Hnh 4 Private Cloud v Public Cloud ...................................................................................................... 9 Hnh 5 Kt hp Public Cloud v Private Cloud ........................................................................................ 9 Hnh 6 SAAS trong cloud ......................................................................................................................... 10 Hnh 7 SaaS in internet ............................................................................................................................ 11 Hnh 8 Bng so snh nhng u im khi s dng SaaS .......................................................................... 13 Hnh 9 Kh nng p ng cc yu cu khc nhau ca SaaS ................................................................... 16 Hnh 10 Tch hp cc dch v khc nhau trong Cloud ............................................................................ 17 Hnh 11 Kh nng p ng cc yu cu khc nhau ca SaaS ................................................................. 20 Hnh 12 Chi ph gim i khi p dng Cloud Computing ........................................................................... 21 Hnh 13 Th phn cng ty nh l cn rt tin nng ................................................................................ 23

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I. GII THIU Cloud my tnh cung cp dch v l nhng cng ty m bn chuyn sang cho cc dch v trn cloud. C nhng tn tui ln nh Amazon v cc dch v m my ca Microsoft cung cp, v c nhng cng ty nh hn na. H u ang phn u cung cp tin tin, sng to cc gii php c sc thuyt phc rng bn s xem xt vic di chuyn ca bn m my. Hy xem xt Salesforce.com, n pht trin ng k trong vi nm qua nh p dng rng ri cc dch v m my ca mnh. Chng ti gii thiu bn n mt s cloud computing gii php cung cp trong cun sch ny v ni v mt s quan h i tc sng to m gip nhng m my pht trin. Cloud computing khp mi ni. Chn ln bt k tp ch cng ngh cao hoc truy cp vo hu ht cc IT trang web hoc blog v bn s c m bo xem ni v cloud computing. Phn mm dch v (SaaS) l m hnh trong mt ng dng c lu tr nh l mt dch v cho khch hng truy cp n thng qua Internet. Khi phn mm c lu tr offsite, cc khch hng khng phi duy tr n hay h tr n. Mt khc, n c ra khi bn tay ca khch hng khi dch v lu tr thay i. tng l bn s dng phn mm ra khi hp l c v khng cn phi thc hin nhiu thay i hoc yu cu hi nhp vi cc h thng khc.

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II. NI DUNG TI ti ca nhm chng em tp trung vo cc vn sau: Tm hiu v m hnh Cloud Computing: nh ngha, kin trc, cc m hnh dch v, m hnh trin khai. III. 3.1 Gii thiu SaaS, mt phn quan trng trong Cloud Computing. a ra mt s ng dng c trin khai trn th gii CLOUD COMPUTING: NH NGHA, TNH CHT V M HNH nh ngha Thut ng Cloud Computing ch mi xut hin gn y. Gia nm 2007, Amazon y mnh nghin cu v trin khai Cloud Computing. Ngay sau , vi s tham gia ca cc cng ty ln nh Microsoft, Google, IBM thc y Cloud Computing pht trin ngy cng mnh m. S pht trin mnh m ca Cloud Computing thu ht rt nhiu nh khoa hc, cc trng i hc v c cc cng ty cng ngh thng tin (IT) u t nghin cu. Rt nhiu chuyn gia a ra nh ngha ca mnh v Cloud Computing. Theo thng k ca tp ch Cloud Magazine th hin ti c hn 200 nh ngha khc nhau v Cloud Computing. Mi nhm nghin cu a ra nh ngha theo cch hiu, cch tip cn ca ring mnh nn rt kh tm mt nh ngha tng qut nht ca Cloud Computing. Di y l v d mt s nh ngha v Cloud Computing: - Cloud Computing l dch v IT c cung cp khng ph thuc vo v tr (The cloud is IT as a Service, delivered by IT resources that are independent of location [11] - The 451 Group). - Cloud Computing cung cp cc ti nguyn IT c kh nng m rng v co gin, cc ti nguyn ny c cung cp dng dch v cho ngi dng thng qua mng Internet (Cloud computing is a style of computing where massively scalable IT-related capabilities are provided as a service across the Internet to multiple external customers[11] - Gartner). Nhng nh ngha trn c mt im chung: h c gng nh ngha Cloud Computing theo hng thng mi, t gc nhn ca ngi dng u cui. Theo , tnh nng ch
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yu ca Cloud Computing l cung cp c s h tng v cc ng dng v IT di dng dch v c kh nng m rng c. Tuy nhin, cc cng ty nh Gartner, IDC, Merrill Lynch, The 451 Group [11] khng phi l cc cng ty chuyn v IT cho nn nhng nh ngha ny tp trung vo gii thch Cloud Computing l nh th no v ch yu da trn kinh nghim ca cc cng ty ny.

ng gc nhn khoa hc k thut cng c nhiu nh ngha khc nhau, trong c hai nh ngha ca Ian Foster v Rajkumar Buyya c dng kh ph bin v c nhiu im tng ng. Theo Ian Foster: Cloud Computing l mt m hnh in ton phn tn c tnh co gin ln m hng theo co gin v mt kinh t, l ni cha cc sc mnh tnh ton, kho lu tr, cc nn tng v cc dch v c trc quan, o ha v co gin linh ng, s c phn phi theo nhu cu cho cc khch hng bn ngoi thng qua Internet (A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet[1]). Theo Rajkumar Buyya: Cloud l mt loi h thng phn b v x l song gm cc my tnh o kt ni vi nhau v c cung cp ng cho ngi dng nh mt hoc nhiu ti nguyn ng nht da trn s tha thun dch v gia nh cung cp v ngi s dng. (A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualised computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers[2])

C hai nh ngha trn u nh ngha Cloud Computing l mt h phn b, cung cp cc dng ti nguyn o di dng dch v mt cch linh ng theo nhu cu ca ngi dng trn mi trng internet. Hay ta c th hiu mt cch n gin hn bng cc t kha ch yu sau: delivered over internet (web 2.0), resource on demand (scalable, elastic, usage-based costing), virtualised, everything as a service, location independent. Nhng phn tip theo s gii thch r hn v nhng t kha ny.

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3.2 Tnh cht c bn ca Cloud Computing Cloud Computing c nm tnh cht ni bt so vi m hnh truyn thng. a. T phc v theo nhu cu (On-demand self-service) Mi khi c nhu cu, ngi dng ch cn gi yu cu thng qua trang web cung cp dch v, h thng ca nh cung cp s p ng yu cu ca ngi dng. Ngi dng c th t phc v yu cu ca mnh nh tng thi gian s dng server, tng dung lng lu tr m khng cn phi tng tc trc tip vi nh cung cp dch v, mi nhu cu v dch v u c x l trn mi trng web (internet). b. Truy xut din rng (Broad network access) Cloud Computing cung cp cc dch v thng qua mi trng internet. Do , ngi dng c kt ni internet l c th s dng dch v. Hn na, Cloud Computing dng dch v nn khng i hi kh nng x l cao pha client, v vy ngi dng c th truy xut bng cc thit b di dng nh in thoi, PDA, laptop Vi Cloud Computing ngi dng khng cn b ph thuc v tr na, h c th truy xut dch v t bt k ni no, vo bt k lc no c kt ni internet. c. Dng chung ti nguyn (Resource pooling) Ti nguyn ca nh cung cp dch v c dng chung, phc v cho nhiu ngi dng da trn m hnh multi-tenant. Trong m hnh multi-tenant, ti nguyn s c phn pht ng ty theo nhu cu ca ngi dng. Khi nhu cu ca mt khch hng gim xung, th phn ti nguyn d tha s c tn dng phc v cho mt khch hng khc. V d nh khch hng A thu 10 CPU mi ngy t 7 gi n 11 gi, mt khch hng B thu 10 CPU tng t mi ngy t 13 gi n 17 gi th hai khch hng ny c th dng chung 10 CPU .

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Hnh 1 Nhiu khch hng dng chung ti nguyn Cloud Computing da trn cng ngh o ha, nn cc ti nguyn da phn l ti nguyn o. Cc ti nguyn o ny s c cp pht ng theo s thay i nhu cu ca tng khch hng khc nhau. Nh nh cung cp dch v c th phc v nhiu khch hng hn so vi cch cp pht ti nguyn tnh truyn thng. d. Kh nng co gin (Rapid elasticity) y l tch cht c bit nht, ni bt nht v quan trng nht ca Cloud Computing. l kh nng t ng m rng hoc thu nh h thng ty theo nhu cu ca ngi dng. Khi nhu cu tng cao, h thng s t m rng bng cch thm ti nguyn vo. Khi nhu cu gim xung, h thng s t gim bt ti nguyn. V d: khch hng thu mt Server gm 10 CPU. Thng thng do c t truy cp nn ch cn 5 CPU l , khi h thng qun l ca nh cung cp dch v s t ngt bt 5 CPU d tha, khch hng khng phi tr ph cho nhng CPU d tha ny (nhng CPU ny s c cp pht cho cc khch hng khc c nhu cu). Khi lng truy cp tng cao, nhu cu tng ln th h thng qun l ca nh cung cp dch v s t gn thm CPU vo, nu nhu cu tng vt qu 10 CPU th khch hng phi tr ph cho phn vt mc theo tha thun vi nh cung cp.
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Kh nng co gin gip cho nh cung cp s dng ti nguyn hiu qu, tn dng trit ti nguyn d tha, phc v c nhiu khch hng. i vi ngi s dng dch v, kh nng co gin gip h gim chi ph do h ch tr ph cho nhng ti nguyn thc s dng. e. iu tit dch v (Measured service) H thng Cloud Computing t ng kim sot v ti u ha vic s dng ti nguyn (dung lng lu tr, n v x l, bng thng). Lng ti nguyn s dng c th c theo di, kim sot v bo co mt cch minh bch cho c hai pha nh cung cp dch v v ngi s dng.

3.3

Cc m hnh Coud Computing M hnh dch v

Hnh 2 M hnh dch v ca Cloud Hin ti c rt nhiu nh cung cp dch v Cloud Computing cung cp nhiu loi dch v khc nhau. Tuy nhin c ba loi dch v Cloud Computing c bn l: dch v c s h tng (Infrastructure as a Service IaaS), dch v nn tng (Platform as a Service PaaS) v dch v phn mm (Software as a Service SaaS). Cch phn loi ny thng c gi l m hnh SPI.
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a. Infrastructure as a Service IaaS Trong loi dch v ny, khch hng c cung cp nhng ti nguyn my tnh c bn (nh b x l, dung lng lu tr, cc kt ni mng). Khch hng s ci h iu hnh, trin khai ng dng v c th ni cc thnh phn nh tng la v b cn bng ti. Nh cung cp dch v s qun l c s h tng c bn bn di, khch hng s phi qun l h iu hnh, lu tr, cc ng dng trin khai trn h thng, cc kt ni gia cc thnh phn. b. Platform as a Service PaaS Nh cung cp dch v s cung cp mt nn tng (platform) cho khch hng. Khch hng s t pht trin ng dng ca mnh nh cc cng c v mi trng pht trin c cung cp hoc ci t cc ng dng sn c trn nn platform . Khch hng khng cn phi qun l hoc kim sot cc c s h tng bn di bao gm c mng, my ch, h iu hnh, lu tr, cc cng c, mi trng pht trin ng dng nhng qun l cc ng dng mnh ci t hoc pht trin. c. Software as a Service SaaS y l m hnh dch v m trong nh cung cp dch v s cung cp cho khch hng mt phn mm dng dch v hon chnh. Khch hng ch cn la chn ng dng phn mm no ph hp vi nhu cu v chy ng dng trn c s h tng Cloud. M hnh ny gii phng ngi dng khi vic qun l h thng, c s h tng, h iu hnh tt c s do nh cung cp dch v qun l v kim sot m bo ng dng lun sn sng v hot ng n nh. M hnh trin khai C 3 m hnh trin khai chnh l: Public Cloud, Private Cloud v Hybrid Cloud. a. Public Cloud Cc dch v Cloud c nh cung cp dch v cung cp cho mi ngi s dng rng ri. Cc dch v c cung cp v qun l bi mt nh cung cp dch v v cc ng dng ca ngi dng u nm trn h thng Cloud. Ngi s dng dch v s c li l chi ph u t thp, gim thiu ri ro do nh cung cp dch v gnh vc nhim v qun l h thng, c s h tng, bo
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mt Mt li ch khc ca m hnh ny l cung cp kh nng co gin (m rng hoc thu nh) theo yu cu ca ngi s dng.

Hnh 3M hnh Public Cloud Public Cloud c mt tr ngi, l vn mt kim sot v d liu v vn an ton d liu. Trong m hnh ny mi d liu u nm trn dch v Cloud, do nh cung cp dch v Cloud bo v v qun l. Chnh iu ny khin cho khch hng, nht l cc cng ty ln cm thy khng an ton i vi nhng d liu quan trng ca mnh khi s dng dch v Cloud.

b. Private Cloud Trong m hnh Private Cloud, c s h tng v cc dch v c xy dng phc v cho mt t chc (doanh nghip) duy nht. iu ny gip cho doanh nghip c th kim sot ti a i vi d liu, bo mt v cht lng dch v. Doanh nghip s hu c s h tng v qun l cc ng dng c trin khai trn . Private Cloud c th c xy dng v qun l bi chnh i ng IT ca doanh nghip hoc c th thu mt nh cung cp dch v m nhim cng vic ny. Nh vy, mc d tn chi ph u t nhng Private Cloud li cung cp cho doanh nghip kh nng kim sot v qun l cht ch nhng d liu quan trng.

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Hnh 4 Private Cloud v Public Cloud c. Hybrid Cloud Nh chng ta phn tch trn, Public Cloud d p dng, chi ph thp nhng khng an ton. Ngc li, Private Cloud an ton hn nhng tn chi ph v kh p dng. Do nu kt hp c hai m hnh ny li vi nhau th s khai thc u im ca tng m hnh. l tng hnh thnh m hnh Hybrid Cloud.

Hnh 5 Kt hp Public Cloud v Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud l s kt hp ca Public Cloud v Private Cloud. Trong doanh nghip s out-source cc chc nng nghip v v d liu khng quan trng, s dng cc dch v Public Cloud gii quyt v x l cc d liu ny. ng thi, doanh

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nghip s gi li cc chc nng nghip v v d liu ti quan trng trong tm kim sot (Private Cloud).

IV.

SAAS TRONG CLOUD COMPUTING 4.1 V tr SAAS trong cc lp ca kin trc cloud computing

Hnh 6 SAAS trong cloud SAAS l tng trn cng trong kin trc 3 tng cloud computing. Tng lin trn c th c xy dng t tng ngay bn di n hoc c th c xy dng mt cch c lp, ty thuc vo cch thit k ca tng h thng cloud. Mi tng c nhng dch v ni dung, cc b cng c qun l v truy xut khc nhau: tng Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas) c b cng c truy xut l Virtual Infrastructure Manager truy xut, qun l; tng platform as a service (Paas) c b cng c truy

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xut/qun l l Cloud Development Environment; tng Software as a service (SaaS) th dng Web browser truy xut. 4.2 Sofware as a Service l g SaaS l mt ng dng c lu tr trn mt my ch t xa v truy cp thng qua Internet.

Hnh 7 SaaS in internet Trong SaaS cn 1 server ng vai tr hosting qun l ng dng. Server ny c th l 1 cloud hoc mt mainframe. Ngi dng truy xut ng dng ny thng qua Website. Nh vy SaaS gm 1 phn mm c s hu, ci t v iu khin t xa so vi cc phn mm truyn thng c ci t trc tip trn my ngi dng. Cc yu cu khi trin khai SaaS l: Thit k SaaS p ng c nhu cu ca rt nhiu ngi dng, mi ngi dng c mt yu cu khc nhau, khng ai ging ai ht, nn vic xy dng mt ng dng SaaS rt phc tp. Ti u ha vic ng k, gm min ph hoc tnh ph. Mt yu cu t ra l phi c mt c ch tnh ph tht hiu qu, em li li nhun cao nht cho nh cung cp dch v; chi ph thp nht cho ngi s dng. Khch hng c th cu hnh dch v cho ring mnh, khng cn phi chnh sa cc module . Nh phn phi phi kim tra, iu khin ton b h thng, cho nn phi m bo tnh bo mt, ring t cho tng khch hng khc nhau. y cng l mt yu cu quan trng, h thng cng bo mt, an ton th khch hng cng an tm khi s dng. Vic nng cp, sa li hon ton trong sut i vi khch hng, khch hng khng phi thc hin cc thao tc nng cp ny m hon ton do nh cung cp
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dch v lm. Vic ny tng i n gin do mi truy sut t khch hng u thng qua web. Nh vy im khc bit ln nht ca SaaS so vi cc phn mm truyn thng l kha cnh cung cp dch v: SAAS = Softtware + Service

4.3 Phn loi trong SaaS a. Loi chuyn v dch v: Cung cp cc gii php kinh doanh cho cc cng ty v doanh nghip. Chng c bn thng qua mt dch v thu bao. Cc ng dng loi ny gm: ng dng qun l quan h khch hng, qun l phn phi hng ha b. Loi hng v khch hang: Cung cp dch v cho nhng khch hng bnh thng, ch vic ng k v s dng, nu nh khng mt ph, vic ng k s dng rt n gin, ging nh vic ng k s dng email, mt s dch v ph bin hin nay l google docs, web mail, game . Nh cung cp s kim tin nh vo qung co l ch yu 4.4 Nhng thun li khi trin khai Saas a. Pha ngi dng:

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Hnh 8 Bng so snh nhng u im khi s dng SaaS Trong bng trn ta thy khch hng c rt nhiu li khi s dng SaaS nh: khng cn phi mua cc thit b phn cng mc tin, khng phi lo bo tr phn mm. V phn mm c ci t trn web v truy xut thong qua trnh duyt nn c th s dng bt c ni no, bt c thi im no. Khch hng khng phi lo vn v bo mt cng nh chng virus v cc vic ny do nh cung cp lm, nu pht trin phn mm ring (inhouse development) th khch hng phi t lo ht t cng on phn tch, thit k, bo tr b. Pha nh cung cp dch v: Nh cung cp dch v khng phi lo vn vi phm bn quyn v ch c mt phn mm duy nht c ci t v qun l t xa, hon hacker khng th no ly cp c. Nu cng nhiu ngi s dng th nh cung cp dch v cng c th kim c nhiu tin khng bng cch thu ph th cng bng cch thu tin qung co

4.5 Mt s gii hn trong khi trin khai SaaS a. p ng nhu cu ca tt c mi ngi: xy dng c mt ng dng c kh nng p ng c ht yu cu ca mi ngi l rt kh, mi c nhn, cng ty c mt yu cu khc nhau, khng ai ging ai, nn vic thng nht tt c i hi
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nh cung cp dch v phi phn tch rt k cng cc nghip v trc khi trin khai SaaS. b. Nu khch hng ang s dng cc phn mm hin c, vi c s d liu kh ln, dng trong mt thi gian kh lu th s rt kh h c th chuyn qua dng SaaS, ngay c i vi nh cung cp dch v cng s gp rt nhiu kh khn trong vic tch hp h thng c ca khch hng vi dch v mnh cung cp. c. C mt s ng dng gn nh khng th chuyn qua SaaS, v d nh cc ng dng Business Intelligence, vi khi lng d liu rt ln, khng th truyn ti qua mng internet c, vi li d liu ny cn phi bo mt cao, nn rt kh khch hng ng a ht d liu ca mnh ln internet d. Security cng l vn ln trong SaaS, nu nh cung cp dch v khng c chnh sch bo mt tt th khch hng khng th tin tng c th giao d liu ca mnh cho ngi khc.

V.

S PH BIN TRONG VIC P DNG SAAS HIN NAY Mt s s cho rng SaaS l ph bin v s ph bin ca cloud computing. Trong thc t, c mt s vn m cc nh cung cp cloud computingang cung cp SaaS v nhiu khch hng hn ng nhp vo. Chng ta hy nhn vo l do ti sao SaaS li c quan tm nh n c. SaaS tr thnh mi quan tm ln trong vn ca cloud computing. SaaS ang tr thnh thi thng, nh vo mt s yu t. Nhng c nhng l do vng chc, khc hn l s cng iu, m lm cho n tr nn ph bin. Cc nh cung cp phn mm Yu Mt vi nm trc y, c rt nhiu nh cung cp khng c g tt p ni v SaaS. Tuy nhin, mi vic chuyn hng, v cc nh cung cp cng nhiu cho SaaS. By gi, thm ch c ng ln nh SAP v Oracle gia nhp hng ng cc nh pht trin SaaS. Ngoi cc tn tui ln, c hng trm nh pht trin nh hn a ra cc dch v da trn SaaS.Bn c th mong i nhiu hn cc ng dng SaaS c lm sn c trong nhng thng v nm ti. 5.1 i vi doanh nghip SaaS c th c trin khai c trong ln ngoi. Bn ngoi s dng l c bit hp dn cho b phn CNTT, bi v n gim c cng vic ca h, h c th tp trung hn vo cng vic ca h, m mt trong nhng hy vng l to ra mt li th cnh tranh ca h
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th trng, thay v ch n gin l duy tr my ch. B phn IT cng c th pht trin cc ng dng SaaS c s dng trong ni b. Nu h c th gim ti cng vic ca mnh trn m my, n mang li cho h c hi tp trung vo vic to b sung ca cc cng c SaaS ni b ca h. Khng ch c vy, nhng nhiu hn v nhiu cng ty ang c rt ra tr li cc ng dng SaaS nhu cu ca h. 5.1.1 Rt nhiu platform SaaS C nhiu platform SaaS trn mng, v chng tng ln mi thng. V d, Oracle ang pht trin nn tng ca SaaS ca h trong khi Microsoft ang lm vic lm cho cc ng dng ca ring mnh SaaS sn sng. Nh SaaS cng tr nn ph bin, nh cung cp hn s b buc phi lm cho cc nn tng ca SaaS thn thin cho cc ng dng SaaS da trn. Mt l do khc SaaS nn tng s tip tc pht trin l v s quan tm Green IT v nhng n lc di chuyn hng v c s h tng o ha. iu c ngha khch hng c kh nng di chuyn v hng cc nn tng SaaS h c th gim s lng cc my ch ca h in v mt m. 5.1.2 Li ch o ha o ha d dng di chuyn n mt h thng SaaS. Mt trong nhng l do chnh l n c d dng hn cho cc nh cung cp phn mm c lp (ISV) p dng SaaS l s pht trin ca cng ngh o ha. S ph bin ca mt s nh cung cp SaaS s dng nn tng m my ca Amazon EC2 v ph bin tng th ca nn tng o ha gip vi s pht trin ca SaaS.

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Hnh 9 Kh nng p ng cc yu cu khc nhau ca SaaS

VI. TCH HP CC DCH V KHC NHAU C TRONG CLOUD Tch hp c s d liu c th c tch hp vi cc dch v khc ca bn cung cp thm gi tr v mnh hn. V d, bn c th gn n vo vi email, lch, v ngi lm cng vic ca bn hiu qu. Bn cng c th thy rng n kh khn hn tch hp cc ng dng ca bn nu h a l phn tn. Ngha l, n c d dng hn qun l v truy cp d liu ca bn nu n l gn , v khng phi di s kim sot ca ngi khc. V d, nu bn cn hai ng dng trao i thng tin, n d dng hn lm g nu c hai u nm trong cng mt ch. Nu bn c mt ng dng trong nh v n c lin h vi mt ng dng khc trn m my, n tr nn phc tp hn rt nhiu, v d b tht bi.

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Hnh 10 Tch hp cc dch v khc nhau trong Cloud Vic tch hp c thc hin thng qua mt integration Broker, c ny thc hin tng hp cc services khc nhau c trong cloud ( l cc gi In the cloud data and service) tc c th thu cc dch v v ly d liu t ngoi vo. Bn cnh cn c gi On premise data and service l gi c t ring cho 1 cng ty ang s dng duy nht. D liu c bo mt cao hn. VII. SaaS v SOA

Mt kin trc hng dch v (SOA) l mt trong c CNTT h tr cc quy trnh kinh doanh bao gm cc yu cu hin ti v ang ni ln chy cui business-to-end. iu ny nm trong khong t trao i d liu in t (EDI) u gi trc tuyn. Bng cch cp nht cng ngh c nh Internet cho php cc h thng EDI da trn cc cng ty c th lm cho h thng CNTT ca h c sn khch hng ni b hay bn ngoi. SOA thng nht quy trnh kinh doanh do c cu li cc ng dng ln nh l mt b su tp cc m-un nh hn c gi l SOA "dch v." trnh by mt khung thit k thc hin nhanh chng v chi ph thp h thng pht trin v ci thin h thng cht lng tng.

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SaaS v SOA l kh tng t; nhng g h c im chung l h s dng mt m hnh dch v. Dch v m my c li cho kinh doanh bng cch thc hnh tt nht v tp trung vo qu trnh kinh doanh ca SOA cp tip theo. Nhng li ch ny p dng cho c cc nh cung cp dch v m my v s dng dch v m my. Cloud cung cp dch v cn phi gii php bng cch s dng mt cch tip cn hng dch v cung cp dch v vi mc d kin ca co gin v kh nng m rng. Cc cng ty kin trc s v chi phi qu trnh kinh doanh vi cc thnh phn ti s dng c th nh hng dch v d dng xc nh c thnh phn c th c thnh cng chuyn n m my cng cng v t nhn. Mt kin trc hng dch v (SOA) l mt kin trc phn mm xy dng cc ng dng kinh doanh m thc hin cc quy trnh kinh doanh, dch v thng qua mt tp hp cc lin kt lng lo, hp en thnh phn dn dng cung cp mt mc r rng ca dch v. 7.1 c trng SOA Cc c tnh ch yu ca SOA c m t c th hn y: Giao din ngi dng SOA l mt thnh phn kin trc hp en. Cc hp en cho php bn s dng li cc ng dng kinh doanh hin ti, n ch n gin l thm mt b chuyn i kh n gin cho h. Bn khng cn bit mi chi tit v nhng g, AOS bn trong mi thnh phn, s phc tp n SOA khi c th.

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M hnh thnh phn trong SOA Giao din cc thnh phn SOA c lin kt. cc thnh phn phn mm c lin kt nu h, thit k tng tc mt cch chun c th gim thiu ph thuc. Mt thnh phn lng truyn d liu n thnh phn khc v lm cho mt yu cu, cc thnh phn th hai thc hin cc yu cu v, nu cn thit, chuyn d liu tr li u tin. Mi thnh phn cung cp mt phm vi nh ca cc dch v n gin: Kin trc hng dch v, Loose Coupling. Mt tp hp cc thnh phn lng s lm vic cng cc thnh phn phn mm trong cc ng dng cht ch c cu s dng lm, nhng vi khp ni lng, bn c th kt hp v ti kt hp cc thnh phn trong mt lot cc cch khc nhau. iu ny lm cho mt th gii ca s khc bit trong kh nng thay i mt cch d dng, chnh xc v nhanh chng. Giao din ngi dng SOA thnh phn c dn dng lin kt thng qua cc quy trnh kinh doanh cung cp mt mc r rng ca dch v. SOA to ra mt sp xp n gin ca cc thnh phn , cng vi nhau, cung cp mt dch v rt phc tp. ng thi, SOA phi cung cp mc dch v chp nhn c. Cui cng, cc thnh phn m bo mt cp dch v ng tin cy. Cp dch v c gn trc tip vo thc tin tt nht ca kinh doanh, thng c gi l qun l quy trnh kinh doanh (BPM), AI BPM tp trung vo thit k hiu qu ca qu trnh kinh doanh v SOA cho php cc lin kt vi cc qu trnh kinh doanh. Ni lng ln trn Coupling: Trong kin trc phn mm truyn thng, thnh phn phn mm khc nhau c thng ph thuc vo nhau. Nhng phn mm ph thuc thnh phn lm cho qu trnh ng dng qun l thi gian thay i tiu th v phc tp. Mt thay i c thc hin cho mt thnh phn phn mm c th tc ng rt nhiu thnh phn phn mm khc ph thuc, v nu bn khng lm cho tt c nhng thay i quyn, ng dng ca bn (hoc lin quan n cc ng dng) c th tht bi. Mt thay i nh ng dng c th lm theo cch ca mnh thng qua ton b ng dng, gy ra li v dn n phin bn phn mm m ln. 7.2 Kt hp cc cloud v SOA Dch v cloud c li cho kinh doanh bng cch thc hnh tt nht v tp trung vo qu trnh kinh doanh ca SOA cp tip theo. Nhng li ch ny p dng cho c cc nh cung cp dch v m my v s dng dch v m my. Cloud cung cp dch v cn phi gii php kin trc s bng cch s dng mt cch tip cn hng dch v
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cung cp dch v vi mc d kin ca co gin v kh nng m rng. Cc cng ty kin trc s v chi phi qu trnh kinh doanh vi cc thnh phn ti s dng c th nh hng dch v d dng xc nh c thnh phn c th c thnh cng chuyn n m my cng cng v t nhn.

Hnh 11 Kh nng p ng cc yu cu khc nhau ca SaaS Mt kin trc hng dch v (SOA) l mt kin trc phn mm xy dng cc ng dng kinh doanh m thc hin cc quy trnh kinh doanh, dch v thng qua mt tp hp cc lin kt lng lo, hp en thnh phn dn dng cung cp mt cp dch v c xc nh r. Cch tip cn ny cho php cng ty tn dng ti sn hin c v to ra cc dch v kinh doanh mi ph hp, kim sot, thay i d dng hn, v d dng qun l. SOA l mt phng php kinh doanh thit k hiu qu h thng CNTT c h tr ti s dng v cung cp cho cc doanh nghip s linh hot phn ng nhanh vi nhng c hi v mi e da.

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VIII. So sch li ch v nhng hn ch v m t chi ph ca SaaS

8.1 Li ch kinh t C nhng li ch cch bn hot ng. Bn c th thay i quy trnh kinh doanh (i vi tt hn) bng cch di chuyn mt s ng dng v lu tr m my. Sau y l mt s hot ng li ch: Gim chi ph cng ngh K t khi c tr dn, t chc ca bn tit kim tin trong thi gian di.

Hnh 12 Chi ph gim i khi p dng Cloud Computing

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Trng hp thc s p ng cao su ng l khi bn xem xt cc li ch kinh t ca mt ci g . V vi cloud computing, chi ph l mt yu t rt ln. Nhng n khng ch l thit b tit kim, n c thc hin ca t chc. y l mt s li ch xem xt: Bng cch di chuyn trn m my, bn s da vo cc nhn vin t hn. Bi c nhn vin t hn, bn c th nhn vo nhm ca bn v quyt nh xem -v-nh mt ngi l cn thit. L anh ta mang mt ci g cho t chc? C phi h nng lc ct li mt ci g bn vn cn? Nu khng, iu ny mang n cho bn mt c hi tm thy nhng ngi tt nht gi nhn vin. Phn cng Vi ngoi l ca cc doanh nghip rt ln hoc cc chnh ph, chnh cc nh cung cp cloud computingc th mua phn cng, thit b mng, bng thng, v v vy ra, r hn nhiu so vi mt doanh nghip "thng xuyn". iu c ngha l nu bn cn nhiu hn lu tr, n ch l mt vn ca upping chi ph thu bao ca bn vi nh cung cp ca bn, thay v mua thit b mi. Nu bn cn tnh ton chu k hn, bn khng cn phi mua nhiu my ch; thay v bn ch cn mua nhiu hn t cc nh cung cp cloud computing ca bn. Tr tin khi bn i Hy suy ngh v cloud computing nh cho thu mt chic xe hi. Thay v mua xe hon ton, bn phi tr mt s tin nh mi thng. l cng vi cc cloud computing, bn ch tr tin cho nhng g bn s dng. Nhng, cng ging nh thu mt chic xe, vo cui cho thu bn khng s hu xe. c th l mt iu tt, nhng chic xe c th l mt mnh ca rc, v trong trng hp ca mt my ch mua, l chc chn s li thi. Thi gian th trng Mt trong nhng li ch ln nht ca m my l kh nng c c ng dng v chy trong mt phn ca thi gian bn s cn trong mt kch bn thng thng.

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Hnh 13 Th phn cng ty nh l cn rt tin nng Chng ta hy xem xt k hn v thy rng lm th no nhn c mt ng dng trc tuyn nhanh hn gip bn tit kim tin. Trc khi m my, tung ra mt khi ng c ngha l s dng hoc l khng mnh hoc khng linh hot lu tr hoc mt overpriced t-ch. Cc cu l mt la chn ti t, bi v n khng linh hot. Cc chi ph sau ny rt nhiu tin: Bn phi tm mt my ch, cu hnh my, tu my, v qun l my tnh. Vi mt m my, bn c th quay ln mt th hin mi trong vi giy. Li khuyn cho vic nh gi SaaS Trc khi s dng mt gii php SaaS, c nhng yu t xem xt. Bn nn xc nh gi tr khng ch l nh cung cp SaaS v dch v ca mnh, nhng cng c t chc ca bn mun g t SaaS. Hy m bo cc yu t sau y c mt khi bn nh gi nh cung cp SaaS ca bn: Thi gian gi tr Nh chng ta cp trc , mt trong nhng li ch to ln ca vic s dng cloud computing dch v l kh nng rt ngn thi gian cn c c mt h thng mi hoc ng dng v chy. Khng ging nh phn mm truyn thng m c th yu cu ci t phc tp, cu hnh, qun l, bo tr, SaaS ch i hi mt trnh duyt. iu ny cho php bn nhn c v chy nhanh hn nhiu so vi vic s dng truyn thng phn mm.

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Hu ht thi gian xt x cc nh cung cp SaaS cung cp 30 ngy dng th dch v ca h. iu ny thng khng xy ra vi phn mm truyn thng, v chc chn bn s khng di chuyn tt c mi ngi ng lot th nghim. Tuy nhin, bn c th th cung cp cho cc nh cung cp SaaS ca v nu n cm thy nh mt s ph hp tt, bn c th bt u di chuyn. 8.2 B t li trong vi c dng SaaS: V mt kinh t khi s dng SaaS khng ch ng trong vic iu chnh gi c trn dch v h s dng. V d nh QuickBooks Online phi tr 9,95 $ / thng ti www.qboe.com. Ngha l bn phi tr tin theo thng, v c s iu chnh gi c y. Google Apps cho bn dng th 30 ngy m khng tnh ph. V phn chia ra cc gi khc nhau cho ngi dng: cho thng gia, gio dc, k ton v c bit c bn min ph cho tt c mi ngi. p dng cho thng gia l 50$ cho 1 ngi dng cho mt nm. V 22$ cho bn dnh cho k ton trn 1 ngi trong 1 nm. Cn i vi Salesforce ph thuc vo cc dch v CRM m bn chn cho cng ty tuy nhin bn ang tm kim t $ 20 - 50 USD / ph s dng thng.

IX.

CC CNG TY TIU BIU CUNG CP SAAS

C hng chc cng ty cung cp SaaS. Hin c rt nhiu c trong ao SaaS, v trong phn ny chng ti s xem xt k hn ti mt s cc loi c ln hn. H l tt c cc cng ty m bn nghe ni v ging nh Microsoft v IBM, v d, v tt c u mun ct ring ca h trong nhng chic bnh SaaS. 9.1 QuickBooks ca Intuit QuickBooks c khong nm nh mt ng dng thng thng theo di hch ton kinh doanh. Vi vic b sung QuickBooks trc tuyn, k ton chuyn n m my. QuickBooks Online (www.qboe.com) cho ch s hu doanh nghip nh kh nng truy cp d liu ti chnh ca h cho d h ang lm vic, nh, hay trn ng. Intuit Inc cng ni cung cp cho ngi dng mt trnh cao v bo mt, v d liu c lu tr trn my ch tng la, bo v v bo v thng qua d liu t ng sao lu. Ngoi ra cn c khng cn phi rc ri vi cng ngh phn mm nng cp c m khng phi tr thm ph. i vi cng ty ang pht trin, QuickBooks Online Plus cung cp tnh nng cao cp chng hn nh thanh ton t ng v theo di thi gian, cng nh kh nng chia s thng tin vi cc nhn vin nhiu a im. QuickBooks Online tnh nng bao gm.
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Kh nng truy cp d liu ti chnh bt c lc no v t bt c ni no. QuickBooks Online c th truy cp cho ngi dng 24 gi mt ngy, by ngy mt tun. T ng ngn hng trc tuyn. Ti v ngn hng v cc giao dch th tn dng t ng mi m, v th d dng gi cho d liu c cp nht. T ng sao lu d liu ng tin cy. D liu ti chnh c t ng sao lu hng ngy v c lu tr trn my ch ca Intuit tng la bo v, c theo di gi thng tin quan trng kinh doanh an ton v an ton. QuickBooks Online cng h tr 128-bit Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) m ha. Khng c phn mm mua, ci t, hoc duy tr v khng c mng li yu cu. Cc phn mm c lu tr trc tuyn, ngi dng doanh nghip qu nh khng bao gi phi lo lng v ci t mi phn mm hoc nng cp. QuickBooks Online nh ca khch hng, sn phm, v nh cung cp thng tin, v vy ngi dng khng phi nhp li d liu. D dng cc khon phi thu v ti khon phi np. Ha n khch hng v khch hng theo di thanh ton. To mt ha n vi mt nt bm. p dng c th cc khon tn dng ho n hoc p dng mt khon thanh ton duy nht ca khch hng vi cng vic nhiu hoc ho n. Nhn ha n v nhp chng vo QuickBooks Online vi ngy d kin s do. Vit v in kim tra. Nhp thng tin trong cc hnh thc kim tra trn mn hnh v kim tra in n. Kh nng ca iPhone v BlackBerry Ngoi ra, Intuit Inc cung cp c iPhone v BlackBerry tch hp vi QuickBooks Trc tuyn, trang web hng u th gii da trn phn mm k ton doanh nghip nh. Vi s nng cp iPhone v BlackBerry, hn 130.000 doanh nghip nh c ng k vi QuickBooks Online c th qun l kinh doanh ca h bt c ni no, c hoc khng c mt my tnh. Nhng phin bn u ca web da trn ng dng di ng l mt phn ca Intuit Dch v kt ni chin lc gip cc doanh nhn kt ni vi d liu ca h khi no v ni h cn. C sn trn IntuitLabs.com, cc ng dng iPhone v BlackBerry QuickBooks Online gip ngi dng nhn c mt up-to-date xem ti chnh ca h bng cch Kim tra ngn hng hin ti v s d th tn dng Theo di nhng ngi cn thiu n tin cho h v ngi m h n

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Tm nh cung cp v thng tin lin h khch hng c a ch thng qua Google Maps Chy bng cn i, li nhun v cc bo co l "Mt s lng ngy cng tng ca cc doanh nghip nh ang tm kim cng ngh di ng chy ca h kinh doanh, "ng Rick Jensen, ph ch tch ca doanh nghip nh ca Intuit Phng. "Mc tiu ca chng ti vi cc dch v di ng mi l cho ngi s dng QuickBooks Online cnh h cn cnh tranh v qun l cuc sng bn rn ca mnh bng cch gi cc tab v kinh doanh ca h ngay c khi h ang trong vn phng." IPhone v BlackBerry ng dng da trn web cho QuickBooks Online l mt phn ca IntuitLabs.com, mt trang web m khch hng c khuyn khch th phin bn khi nim u ca Intuit v ng gp vo qu trnh i mi bng cch cung cp thng tin phn hi. Trang web ny bao gm cc ng dng gii quyt vn mt s khch hng quan trng trong mt lot cc loi cho ngi tiu dng v doanh nghip nh. Thng tin thm v QuickBooks Online trn iPhone v BlackBerry c sn ti www.intuitlabs.com/apps/category/mobile/. QuickBooks Online hin c sn bt u t 9,95 $ / thng ti www.qboe.com. Cc ng dng iPhone v BlackBerry u min ph cho ngi s dng QuickBooks Online 9.2 Google Apps Google Apps Premier Edition c cc tnh nng c o sau: Mi ngi dng lu tr ca 10GBs ngh v lu tr trong 100 ln so vi trung bnh hp th ca cng ty. API cho API tch hp kinh doanh cho cc d liu di c, ngi s dng cung cp, n ng nhp mt ln, v cng email cho php cc doanh nghip tu chnh thm cc dch v mi trng c o. Uptime ca 99,9 phn trm cc tha thun cp dch v sn sng cao ca Gmail, vi Google theo di v tn dng ca khch hng nu mc dch v khng c p ng. Qung co Qung co ty chn c tt theo mc nh, nhng cc doanh nghip c th chn bao gm qung co ca Google c lin quan da trn mc tiu nu mun. L ph thp Wikipedia ph hng nm l $ 50 cho mi ti khon ngi dng / nm lm cho n thc t cung cp cc ng dng ny chn ngi dng trong t chc. Ngoi Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Talk, v Start Page, tt c cc phin bn ca Google
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ng dng hin nay bao gm Google Docs v Spreadsheets Cc i c th hp tc trn cc ti liu v bng tnh m khng cn phi email ti liu qua li. Nhiu nhn vin an ton c th lm vic trn mt ti liu cng mt lc. Tt c cc phin bn c iu khin ghi li chnh sa, v hnh chnh cho t chc xc nh gii hn v chia s ti liu. Gmail cho cc thit b di ng trn BlackBerry Gmail cho thit b di ng cung cp Gmail cng mt kinh nghim nh tm kim, xem cuc tr chuyn, v ng b vi my tnh bn phin bn trn thit b cm tay BlackBerry cho ngi dng ca Google Apps. Gmail cho thit b di ng gia nhp danh sch cc ty chn khc di ng cho Google Apps v BlackBerry ngi dng bao gm mt khch Google Talk v mt lot cc lch ng b cc cng c. ng dng kim sot cp php cc qun tr vin thch ng dch v cho doanh nghip chnh sch, chng hn nh chia s lch hoc ti liu bn ngoi ca cng ty.

9.3 Microsoft Office Live Small Business Microsoft cung cp SaaS trong mt s hnh thc. Mt trong l c bit hp dn cho cc doanh nghip nh l Microsoft Office Live Small Business. Bn c th tm thy n http://www.smallbusiness.officelive.com. Microsoft Office Live Small Business cung cp cc tnh nng bao gm Store Manager, mt cng c thng mi in t gip cc doanh nghip nh d dng bn sn phm trn trang web ring ca h v trn eBay, v beta Marketing E-mail, gi bn tin email v chng trnh khuyn mi n gin v gi c phi chng. Cc doanh nghip nh c ng k s nhn c mt b cng c v cc tnh nng min ph, bao gm c Web hosting Rich kh nng thit k trang web Nhiu ng dng nng sut Lin lc vi qun l phn mm cho cc mi quan h khch hng thc hin c bn qun l (CRM)

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Tu chnh ng k tn min vi 100 ti khon email kinh doanh (ty chnh lnh vc c min ph cho nm u tin). Phin bn ny cng tng thch vi trnh duyt Firefox web 2.0, lm cho dch v truy cp c trn c my Mac v PC. 9.4 Cc s n ph m kinh doanh khc da trn ng dng SaaS. HealthVault - Microsoft: gip ngi dn qun l tt hn cc thng tin sc khe ca h. AdvancedMD-Microsoft: cung cp mt sn phm phn mm y t thanh ton cho cc vn phng bc s v qun l vn phng thanh ton. WebEx - Cisco Systems: cc ng dng cng tc khc nhau trn th trng Banking-OpenChannel: dch v cung cp ty chn thc hin chc nng ngn hng trc tuyn v thanh ton ha n qua nhiu knh khc nhau, bao gm cc thit b di ng.

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X. TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach, Anthony T. Velte Toby J. Velte, Ph.D.Robert Elsenpeter, 2010. 2. Cloud Computing for dummies Judith Hurwitz, Robin Bloor, Marcia Kaufman, and Dr. Fern Halper, 2010 3. An Introduction to SaaS and Cloud Computing, Ross Cooney

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