il and Gas sector is a fast developing industrial sector in India, Besides the traditional units of the country like ONGC, OIL, IOC, GAIL, etc. which are working in this field from last over hundred years oF 50, organization (related to energy) like NTPC has now started to show its interest in petroleum exploration. Some of the major private players like Reliance, Jubilant, Shiv-Vani ete. are also contributing its part along ‘with oil companies from around the globe like Geopettol, Canoro, Brownstone, ete Undoubtedly the oil & gas exploration and production as an industry is likely to boom in coming decades with alls pros and cons. The country asa whole has huge reserves of petroleum SL.No| Activity Associated Hazard 1. | Construction of | a) Safety approach road ‘spreading from northeastern India to Rajasthan) and extending up to southem parts of India, both within and beyond the shores. There is no doubt that this sector is contributing inge revenues to the government, but along with this, one should keep in mind that this operation is associated with different types of hazards often overlooked. Health, Safety, and Environmental (HSE) hazards : The exploration work in this sector progresses in different phases including works like construction of approach road (if necessary), earth cutting if require), site preparation, heavy vehicular movements, Rig build up, and then Gciling. All these activites are associated with different types of risks described as follows: Hazard Details [The vehicular movements are increased in and around the location, This increase in vehicular movements increases the probability of ‘oceurrence of accidents forthe local population. +) Environment J. Increased vehicular movements lead to more dust and emission of pollutants. ©) Health IE The dust and pollutants emitted are potential causes of respiratory diseases The continuous noise through the resident areas can cause psychological and many sleep) related disorders, With Special Reference to Oil and Gas Exploration in India DIES AS oat a * 7 VOI IK, ISSUE, Mar, 12[S.No aay Assoetated FI TERK deta category 2. | Earth cutting (in | a) Safety T. Operation of heavy machineries and equipment hilly areas) ccan be a safety related hazard if not done properly. (e.g. the crane boom can cause head injury to a person working within its boom radius, if he has not used hard hats.) T The earth cutting through unconsolidated rocks can eause rock sliding- a potential hazard for man and machine. ) Environment T._ Forest loss TL_Degradation ofthe top fertile soil TH_Siltation of water bodies through soil erosion. TV. Threat to the wild life of the area. ©) Health T. Continuous noise from the heavy machineries ike excavators, dozers, cranes etc. can cause health related problems (lack of concentration, sleep disorder, other psychological problems) to the drivers/operators and the local people. TI Continuous work in extreme weather conditions (excess temperature for e.g.) can causedehydration, headache, and body ache ete. Site preparation a) Safety I. Operation ofheavy machineries and equipment can be a safety related hazard ifnot done ‘properly. (e.g. the erane boom can cause head injury to a person working within its boom radius, ithe has not used hard hats.) ’) Environment T. Conversion of land use pattern from agricultural to industrial Tike Soil erosion TE Loss of soil fertility. ©) Healthy 10 the drivers/operators and the local people. TL _ Continuous noise from the heavy machineries} like excavators, dzers, cranes etc. can cause health related problems (lack of eoncentration, sleep disorder, other psychological problems) TL. Continuous work in extreme weather ‘conditions (excess temperature for e.g) ean ‘eause dehydration, headache, and body ache ec, 4, | Heavy vehicular movements ~~ —- — a Safety 1. Operation of heavy machineries and equipment can be a safety related hazard if not done properly, (For e.g the rane boom can cause ‘head injury to a person working within its boom radius, ihe has not used hard hats.) 1) Environment - ¢) Health: T. Compaction of land, leading to permanent change in the soil texture. T, Continuous noise from the heavy machineries Pragyan/ Vol, sve, Nar, TQ gyTike excavators, dovers, cranes ef. can eause health related problems (lack of concentration, sleep disorder, other psychological problems) to the drivers/operators and the local people. Tl Continuous work in extreme weather conditions (excess temperature for e.g.) can ‘cause dehy dation, headache, and body ache ete 3. | Rig build up | a) Safety T. Operation ofheavy machineries and equipment) can be a safety related hazard if not done foperly. (e.g. the crane boom can cause head) injury to a person working within its boom radius, ihe has not used hard hats.) T_Fire hazard b) Environment | I. Generation of household wastes and their disposal issue TL Generation of waste oil and their disposal iss ©) Health T. Continuous noise from the heavy machineries) like excavators, dozers, cranes et. can cause health related problems (lack of concentration, sleep disorder, other psychological problems) to the drivers/operators and the local people. TL Continuous work in exireme weather ‘conditions (excess temperature for e.g.) can ceause dehydration, headache, and body ache ee. Hi._Electrocutiun, fracture, burns, siake bite etc. 6 Drilling a) Safety 1. Operation of heavy machineries and equipment] ean bea safety related hazard if not done properly (e.. the crane boom can cause head ‘injury to a person working within its boom radius, if he has not used hard hats.) IL Fire hazard T_Blow out |) Environment |"1. Generation of household wastes and their : figs IIL Disposal of drilling waste and mud water. IV, Disposal of produced wate (in case of CBM) ) Health 1. Continuous noise from the heavy machineries} : like excavators, dazers, cranes ete. can cause health related problems (lack of concentration,| sleep disorder, other psychological problems) : : to the drivers‘operaors and te local people, IL. Continuous work in extreme weather ‘eonitions (excess temperature for eg.) can UL, Electrocution, fracture, burs, snake bite ee. TV. Diseases like malaria, diarrhea ete. (Contd on Page 32) 35/ Pragya VOT TSCM, Mae TE