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:

.1 .
.2 ) (F ).(M
.3 .
.4 .
-:

3/
/

.


.
:


.


.
:

) (F
:
F/M

(M
)
15000 . ) (B.O.D 150/.
) MLVSS) 240/. 2100 .3 :
) (B.O.D =
= 2250 /
15000
150 1000
3
1000 1.000.000

) 1000
1000
(.
) : (MLVSS

28

5040.
= 1000 2100
2400
2250
F
1000
1000
= 0.44 / /
=
5040
M


0.3 0.6

0.05 .0.1



.
:



.

) 3 5(
20 30



.%90
:
:
)(
)/(

=
=


:

:
2100 . 15000 /. 70 /. 2400 /.:

24000/ 2100 1000
= 5040
=
1000 1000

29


= 1050 /
=
70/ 1500 1000 /

1000
5040
1000
= 4.8
=
1050 /
:

30
500 250

30
100
.
( 30
)500
350 100
30
) (
).(SVI
30
) = ( SVI
) / (.
:
30
250
2000 /.
:
250
) ( SVI
125 = 100
=
/ 2000

120 80 .

120 ) ( .
80 ) ( .
.
:


. ) B.O.D ) ( MLSS )
( ( ML VSS ) ( SV30 .


.
.
.

30

:
(1 )
.( MLSVSS
(2 ) .( F / M
(3 ) .( SA

:



.
.

.
:

3000 / 4000 /.
:
5000 /.
672 .3

3
40 /.

:
=
) (
1000
= 672

=
= 4000 - 5000

= 672

31

1000
8000

1000
1000

= 84 3
84
40

= 2.1 /

= 672


( F / M .


) ( B.O.D .

) ( B.O.D
) ( F / M
.
:
) ( F / M

) ( C.O.D ) . ( B.O.D


.

) ( C.O.D :

) (.
:
.

:

) .( V
) ( ML VSS
) .( SA
) .(MLVSS IN WAS
) .( Q

32

:
=



MLVSS V
=
ASML VSS IN WAS

QML VSS
ML VSS IN WAS

:

= 6000 .3
MLVSS = 2100 /.
SA = 21.
ML VSS IN WAS = 6900 /.
VSS = 20 /.
Q = 16000 / 3.
:

Total Suspended Solid


-:

) 45(

33

)105 103(
.
-:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 ) 500(.
-4 105 103
-5 0.1.
-6 .
-7 .
-8 .
-:
-1
.
-2
) 15( )105(
-3
.
-4 ) (4 )).w1
-5
,
-6 .
-7 .
-8
.
-9
)105(
-10
.
-11 )).W2
:
Total Suspended Solids mg/ l= (w2 w1) x 1000 x1000
C
-:

= W1
= W2
=C

:
-1 .

34

-2 4 .
-3
.

-4
.

(Total Solids(T.S

-:

-:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4.
-5 .
-6 .

-:
-1 )15
20( )105(
-2
.
-3 ))w1
-4 .
-5
.
-6 )105(
-7
.
-8 )).w2

35

-:
Total Suspended Solids mg /l= (W2 W1) x 1000 x1000
C
-:

= W1
= W2
= C

36

Fixed And Volatile Solids



-:


)550(
.
-:


)550(
-:
-1 )550(
-2 ) 15(
.
-3 ) )
. W1
-4
) ). W2
-5 ) 20-15(.
-6 ) )W3
.
-:
Volatile Soiled mg / l= (w2 w3) x 1000 x1000
C
Faxed Solid mg / l= Solid (T. S , SS , DS) - Volatile
-:
DS , TS , SS = W2
)550( = W3

37

(Chemical Oxygen Demand (C.O.D



-:


) (FeSo4 (NH4)2 So4
)(K2 Cr207

-:
-1 )250(
.
-2 1.4 / .2
-3 ) 50(.
-4 ) 50( 0.1(
-5 ) 10(.
-6 ) (
-:
Sulfuric Acid Silver Sulfate-1
-: ) 9.8463(
) (%98 ) 24 ( .
-2 )(Potassium dicromate 0.25N
)105(
12.259
,
-3 )(Ferroin Indicator
) 1.485 Phenanthroline monhydrate 1.10
) (C12 H8 N2.H20 0.695 FeSo4.7H2o 100
.. .
-4 Ferrous Ammoninm Sulfate (FAS) 0.25N
98 ) (FerSo4 (NH4)2 So4.6H2o)(FAS )500( )
20( ) (H2.S o4
) 1( .

-5 -:
-1 ) 10( ) (Potassium dicriomate 0.25N ) 250(.
- ) 100(.
- 30 .

38

- ) (Ferroin) (2-3
) (FeSo4 (Nh4)2 So4
.
-
mlK 2Cr 2o7 xNK 2Cr 2o7
mlFeSo4 ( NH 4 ) 2 04

= ] N [ FeSo4 ( NH 4 ) 2 So 4

:
)(10)(0.25
= 0.23
10.8

= ] N [ FeSo 4 ( NH 4 ) 2 So 4

10

:
ml K2 cr2O 7

0.25 N K2 cr2O7
10.8 ml of feSo4 (NH4)So4
-6 (Murcuric Sulfate (Hg So4
-7 H2 So4 Analr
: -1 ) 250(.
-2 ) 20( ) (Blank )20
( .
-3 )0.4( ) (HgSo4 .
-4 ) 10( ) .K2 Cr2O7) (25(
) (COD ..

.
-5 ) 30( .
-6 .
-7 ) 140( .
-8 ) (Ferroin
) F.A.S) (0.25( ) (end Point
) (F.A.S
.
-9 ) (Blank ) (F.A.S
)(A
-:

39

( A B )( N )( 8000
ml of sample

=/L

CODmg

-:
) (F.A.S = A
) (F.A.S = B
)= F.A.S) N
ml of Sample

40

(Dissolve Oxygen (D.O



-:

.
.
) (Winkler method
.
-:
-1 0.1 ) 50 (
-2 BOD (300 (
-3 ) 250 (
-4 ) 10 (
-5
-:
-1 )(Manganus sulfate
) ( 363 , 6964 ) ( Mnso4 .4 H20 400
.
-2 ) (Alkali - iodide azide ) 10( ) (NaN3
.
) 480) ) (NaoH .
) 136) )(KI
.
-3

)(Sulfuric Acid

-4 )(Sodium thiosulfate
) 6.205( ) ( Na2 S203 . 5H20
) 0.4 (
.
-5 )(Starch
) 20( .
) 2( )(Salicylic Acid
) 1 (
.
-:

41

-1 ) BOD) (300 (
.
-2 ) 1 ( ) (Manganus Sulphate .
-3 ) 1 ( ) (Alkali iodide Azide .
-4 ) 5 ( .
-5 ) 2 ( ) (Conc. H2so4
.

-6 ) 100 ( ) (BOD ) 200 (.


-7 ) 200 ( ) (BOD ( 0.25

) (.
-:
1
.
) (BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND ) BOD5

5 ) o 20 (

.

:
-1 ) 0.1 ( ) 50 (
-2 ) BOD ) ( 300 (
-3 ) 250 (
-4 ) 10 (
o
-5 ) 20 (
-6

:
-1
-2

.
) .( phosphate baffer
:

) 8.5 ( ) .( potassium phosphate monobasic)(kH2po4 ) 21.75 ( ) .( dibasic. potassium Phosphate ) (kH2po4 ) 33.4 ( )( dibasic sodium Phosphate).( Na2HPO47H2O

42

) 1.7 ( ) .( Ammonium Chloride ) ( NH4CL ) 1 ( ) .( pH7.2 ) .( Magnesium Sluphate


-3

-4

) 22.5 ( ) ( Mgso4. 7 H2O ) 1 ( .


) ( calcium chloride

) 27.5 ( ) ( Cacl2 ) 1 ( .-5

) ( ferric chlorid
- ) 0.25 ( ) ( fecl3 . 6h20 ) 1(

-6

) ( Sodium Sulfite 0.025N


- ) 1.575 ( ) ( Na2SO3 ) 1(

: ) 1 (
-7
.PhosphateBuffer ,Manesium Sulphate , Calcium Chlorid , Ferric Chloride
) 1 ( ) 20 (
) 5 (
) 0.2 / (.

:

-1
) ( 7.5 6.5
) ( ) (NaoH
) ( ) .( HCL 1 N
) 100 (
-2
) 250 ( ( ( Ki
) 1 ( ) ( H2SO4 ) 5 (

.
Na2SO3
-3
)(Na2SO3 0.025 N
) ( Na2SO3 ) 100 (
-4
) ( BOD ) (seeding .
) ( BOD
-5
.
BOD

/
560- 210
280- 105
187 - 70
140 - 53

3
6
9
12

43

80 - 30
21
37 - 14
45
28 - 11
60
22 - 8
75
) ( 3 ) 2 1
/ ( ) 5 ( .
) ( B.O.D
-6
.
) ( BOD
-7

.
) 5 ( .
-8

-9

[ D1 D 2] 300
S

BOD5 mg / l

= D1
= D2
= S

44

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