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?F j@P@? @F F? B@@@P? :@? F@@@S ? ?F j@N@ @? mP@@ .
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?PN S@S @PF@ VP@ N? PFP?@ .


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OP? ?? @? EF P@PN P@P NFP? @? @@ P?P@V N@?O F? P?P@?? ? @? j@VP?? ?


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F@P? @@@ j?@? j@@ jNP@P@ j@? EF P@ENF PF F FEF? @FF NFP?? ?FV N@N@
FE@ NP@@ .
F FP N@? : j@N@ N?P VB@? @? EF P@V EFS NNFB mF VE@ :N@ N?P?F N?? ? E@??
@?O F?? @P@? .

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? EVN? .
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@E@P NF F? @P@? E@P@P? :NP@@ VFPV N? FE@ PE@P@P? F FP NN@P@ : FP?@V
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) @E@P NO? ( F NP@@ ) VVE ( @N@ FPF @@ N F? NFF? F? j? PEFP@? @F F?
EVN? :F F@P N@@??@ @F?@ N@S N@F P?F? E@P@P? ? EFF? @P@ ?P?P@?
?EFP@? @ EF? mF PF @F @P@P? P@@ ) VE ( S? N? PE@E@? FS NFP NF?j
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E@PFF VO?@ ( 8 V@ E@PN VB@ V?@P??? F PF FEF@ ?? E?F@ @FEFF NN P @?j

@@? NEF?? ) F@NN@ ( F @PN B@ V?F?@ @N@ S? NFS@ N? SE??


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@PN VSP V?F?@ @FO NFPF. N
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FFN N@PFF@P? .
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) P@N ( SE?@@ VNEF P@@@ FN @E j@FS@@ ? B@@? .
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? SE?? @P N@? j@E@? EVP@ @F F? B@@? :@? FN@ NVPN NFP @?Y
@? F@@? SF? ?? @P@? P@@ .
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F PNPF P@FF NE@@?S VFV :@? EFP@F PP@@@ ?? P@F@ ?FS@ F @PV ? P@O j
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@ PFP@?@ .
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OF N EF@ PFBY P@@ @? : F EF F? VP? E@P? @@@ @ VE@? F @??
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@NP@@? P? @? j@FP?? P@FS@ N? EVP@ ) VE ( @@F S@ N@O? NO F @@O
E?F? ?@ F F@ PE@@F VNP@?@ ?EVEF? @@F E@@F? @@@} @FPF@ FPV@ .
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) ( FF PF@ P@F FP? E@@ UF@P@? ) ( 16F F@PN@ :@@PN N@P NENP@? F
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@P@? F E@P@@ ?E@? B@@@FO N?P@ @F j@P?@ j@@@~ ? F j@NN j@?@ j@@P@ N@PY
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?P@ EF NE?F? @F @F~ NP@ B@@@P? @F EVP@ @N?@ ? @P? ~@? :@@P NNE@N
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F NE@ N@N@ S? N@N@ F? NFF? F? j? PEFP@? @P@@ NE@P N? @P?? ?
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P@@ .
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@EVPV@ V@P@N NF?S@ NE? NE@@@ @N@U NE@? S@EVSE@ @P@N N?@BS j??
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@? EFEF@ FE F@PNY @ F P@@ .
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@P@ NE@ S@E@B@ @P? @ PF?S? ?P?? ?FP?? @FP? SF } : NFP N@E? E@B? FFP??
@ { F : F@E@B NFE@ B? ENP@? ?@?? F O@ PF@@ NO F@B j?@ENF@ ? PFP?@??
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@F @@@S N?@ @P@V N?FO @V F? PF?@ .

@@P@ N?@@?? @FF N@P mF F@PN@ :@ @?P @Y @F@ ?? FP?F?? .


@FF@ @? NEN@S? ? ?P?P@? ?@??? :@P@ N?@??? @@P@ V?@??? EFP@? @@@@@ N?
P?@?? @@@~?? @F N? N~S F?VPN?? F P?PF j@? F@F ) ( @? F?FP? @F?? .
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@P jF@ OFS NNE@ NFP@ E?. B
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E@@? .
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@@E@V N?E@@? ?E@@? .
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FE@ V?V UF@ j@F P@@ EF?? F PEFE@ V@@ EF?? S@? VFF E @F ?S @@@@ ??
ENF@ @O? FE@ NF?E?@ ?? :@@ @V V? @P? E?P? @@@ ? ?P?? F?S NF P@E@V
E?P F?@PY @N~ F?@ SP@ @FP@ NF ?@PY @N~ NF@V VE@PN NN@ EFP NE@~ F: F
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@@ P@? FE j@P? SF~@ .
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O N@FP? @@O@ @P@@ @ PF? j? PE?PF? @@ENN@ F E@P@?@ FP@Y { @@ NFN @N @@ P@P?
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@FP? S@E@ N@F? PF NVEF} @NP@} .


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FPF ? E@PN? ) ( @F NP@ N?P ) N ( @FF@ P N@P jE?P@@ F OF SS??
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} @?V ENP??@ { NSF m@FP? @?NP? } j@?V E@N@ { .
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? PE@?@P? F FN@? : mSP N? EFP? F@} ?P
ENF? @N?@ @PVY @N@ @?} .
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@?@ @FP@ ? E@P? ?FS N@P@ NF @ U@P jF P@P j@ S@FP? .
@@P? N?F N@@P? N@@@ N@F NF~ N@?@FN N?@ @ @SP? N? E@P@? @FP?@ F@F NFP@N
@FF S?~ @O O N@FP? @@O@ @@ NP N@@ P? P@?? V B@F@ F@?P@N N?F m@FP
V? O?E?P@? .
@F FFP@ : NFP@ ?@? j?F OF@@ FF } : F@ OF S?~ @O O N@FP? @@O@ { FF FFN
FP@. N
@? ENP@? @@N N@EV N?FS NNP@@~ @FN NF~@? @? EV?@ @@ m?E@P? N? F@F S@~?
?B@? @F?@ E??~ FE@ FSP?? @NPF NF?@ @ S@FP? @@E@V NV OVPN j@F @PNVN

FP@ FP@?@ @PY ?P@ FP@@ .


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@@S@ N@N?@ @P NPFN N@? FF N? ?@@? ?P? :@E NE@@? @@E? NEFEF? F PNP@ N
F FFP@?@ ?E@?? .
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@NE@ N@P NSP? ) @ ( @@@@S NP?@ V@PN N?SP? F?S N? P@?? @P? P? N@P j@P
F?? @ P@B? @PVY @@ NE@P@ V@@S@ NBP??~ @@P@? N@@FF NP N@? j@P NFFSN
FP m@F : FP@? P@F P@S .
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F F@? NEN@S? @ENP? @SE?? @FP?? :@F @E@ ?@P j@@PF@. j
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@F? NFF? F? E@@? ? @PFF? VP? E@?? @PN N@N@ NS@ m@?S??S? ?F m
@P@@S N? EVN? ?? ?? ?S@? ? E@P? @FS @ @@@ ? FB? @SP? @P NF?S N? @P jFP
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@@@} ?@ PF P@P? P@E@ N@F P@P@ PFP? ??@@ jF PFP?@ @ S@FP? .
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O N@FP? @@O@ @ENE F? PN?? S@S @V F?E FE@E@? " F?? @@ N@P?? ~N?
?B@? F @@ PF? @ BSP? @FFNN P? @E??? S? E@ BN@?V N@F? NFF?? PF
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@@~ F F@PN@ :@? NF @@@P
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NP@ FV{@ @ S@FP? ?E@@? .
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EFP@@ P@@N N?FP? F@@ j@@F j@@P j? PF?? EFPF .
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F O@ P@PF N?P NF FFN @E : j@E@@ V@F @ @FF NE@@@ V@FS N@@ @?@ @FP? F PNP@P
@@@@ N@? NEN@S? ) ( @? EF@@ ?? @?~ EFP? ? @ F P@P jF@?@ F? @@?? @P@? )
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@? EVN? EF@ F?? ? ?S? @ F P@P jF P? @@ jN@ N? P?E?? E@P N? PE?@?
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@PN@ :@F E@PN. N
@? SE?? FP FN@@@? @P j@? B@@? @P@ @P j@@P j@@ PFP@@ F PFP@ P? F?@
@P .
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) ( @F P@EV PF@@@ NEFEF. N
@F NEF NVPN m@?@} @FF N@P NO? .
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.
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F P@@ j@@ N? P?E?? E@P@ ? PE?@? FNEN NFE@ B? F?@ @P@ N@N@ ? P@F?
E?@? ?? B@@@? P@@ .
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F@@ @?Y ?F?@ @ E@P@ NE? NF PEF? V @FS@ ? B@@? F OE?@ @P@ N@F : FEFPF
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? EF@ BP@@ F? PFS@ F OE@E@ F N@S N?F?@ F@@ FEFP N@P@N@ @@P@ E@PFF? EVF
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@NE@ NFE NVV? @? F @?@ j@ S@FP? @? F@PN N@P@@ NP NE@P? B@? F@F
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E@O. V
@NE@ NF NSE N@SE? NFF@ NEFP@ N@@@ NBP??~ @ PN@@ @?@P@ N@ P@?@ F
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SE@ FF FFP@ N?@P? P@@@ FPY @@@@S N@P N@@? @P? j@@E j@@E? j??E? @Pj

FF. E
S
@PFF} ( 3 2FPV N@@PN N@P V@P j?@P j@? F@N N??E? @P j@? @P??? ?@P? @?@j
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FF@ EN@B N@PFF@P? .
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@PN ) NVE ( N@N@ S@ NV S@@P E@P@ ? @P?? F : FF @N N?E@PF? F E@? F@P@@
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SE?? @B@@? EVP@ @P N@? j@P NN@P@ F@P FNN ) PF@NN@ ( @PN ) NVE ( N@N@
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SF? ?? @P@? P@@ .
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@@ N@P@? ) :EFS : ( VENEF V@@ @@@?? @? EF OP@@ FFEFF E?F@ FPY ) VE( N
O? NEF N?? NEF VSF? F F FSP N@?Y @@ N O? FS@ NEN@B N@FF@ ?? P N@? j
@FS F F FN@SY @@ F@@?? FN@ @@{ E?F? ENEF? F@NN@ @?~ ) VE ( N@N@
S@ N?FS NF @N NF @P? E?@@? FN@ FENN? ? P?@? O@? @E?S? @FVP?

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@?~ ) VE ( @N@ @? ) m@P? ( mFPV N@SP NF P??PF jF@ @P? F?@ F?@ FP@ NF@
@S@ N@F P??PF j?FS N? PNPF? @ NP@ N?? @FO NFPF. N
F@?? FP@ N@@? FF P@S@ O N@P?@@ .
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F : NB V?{ @E@ E@PF? ?@@? F@V@BV@ FFFN~ ?P N F : FF @F?@ FP@ N?@P?? @FP?
SF N@F : F@V V? PFE@@ ?P. N
@F FP N@? : j@@PN NSP? N@S@~ N?ENP@? @FF ?P@ N@P? NE@P? @@P?? .
@? EVN? NE@ NFPN@ .
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@?? @@ mN@FO m?? @FF@ @@@} NE@ N?? :EN@ N?F @@ jF F@P@} :F FFN @P? O?
@P@? NF P@E@ @@ ?? S N@F S@@ jF@ PF@ F NE@O V@EFP N? @P@@ @?@ FPFN
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FPF @FS N@P@? V?EF N? @P? EF@? ?@@? P? N@ @ @N@ @? m@?? EFP N?E?@@? ?@P?
{FF? @FO NFPF. N
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E?PF@ ? P@@? EFE? @N@ BS V@EN m?? @?@@? } :S@ EFP@ V?BS? { F PF @@}
@? m@F F?} .
? FP? @P? P@Y @?F OBS F?SP??
@?F OS S@ O@F O@? ? V UNN j@F F@ @
@?FS N?@@} ? P@P?@ BS V?F O@ F PNPF PO ? PS?? FN@ ?@@} F@F j@FP?@ @@F
@P@ FP? EFP? P@? F@F? E@F? @FP??@ E?@@ V@ V?@ ?? @PY ? PFP? U@ jNP? @F
E?@ j@E? .
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?NN?? ? PEF?? @FP@ ? PFP?@ @OP@ F? P?SN@? ?FS NF @PN NO ? PF? j@FS
BS VF?FE? S@EN? @? E?F? ?F O@ F FF@ ?O? F?@@} ? FF : NFF@ SP? @@~
E@?@? ?@@} FF : FFF @V. V

F? FF NE?@@ V@ F F? P@P?? BS V FF : FF F P@N PF ENF F? O@? ?O? @E@EN? ??


N@ O? ? P@P?? BS VFF?@ F @N NF?@ ? E?@@? @FF FF@ FPN N@FF@ @ PN
FP@?@ @ PFP@?@ @E@??S? @S??S? FS NFP@ ? P@P? E?@@? BS V?F ?E@@?S? @?SV
SF? @@S@ P~P@ F@P?E@ FE?PF? ?NN??@ ?@ @?F @?@F @P@ V??P?@@? .
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: E@@ @@ E@@? S@@F
@@P@? VF PSP?@ F PS@~@ F PNP?? .
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SE?? @P F : FF @P@@ N@PN@ @FS N@PN NFP@@ F : F@SF@ EF?S VFS NF NP@N
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NP@? ?SP?? @P@ @P??? F ?S@ F F ?? F PFS@. N
@F FE@P N?FE? BS? @P? @P N?P@ S?? B@@?? F?S? E?PF? @F?V NN? @? E P@F@N
?Y @@@ @ PP@? ENP??@ @@? N@PN N@NP@ V@ PE?@@? EF P@P@? F F? N@? F?
@N } : OS? S@O O N@FP? @@O@ F@@ ?@P? E?@? ?FP? N@?? ? E?PF? { F? OE?@@ @FP?
F EN@U@ F@ F FS?~ @O O N@FP? @@O@ N@U .
@F @N~ @P N?@?? ??F? FP?? @EF@~ @F PFV@ @P@ F@?? @@{ N?@ @P NF@P@. j
@? E@@ @F N@S@ F FP@@ .
P@F@ NEF @FF@ FN E@@? @P@P? FN@@B j@@ F@ FFP@P? ? @E@P? @? E@@ F@@
NEFF F PNN NEF F? @E?? @P@? ) ( 1@? E@@ NN mENP F@P@ NF P?NN?? FP
@P@? P@? F@F @? F? O?@? .
S
@ NENN? ) @PFF} ( 1FPV N@? E@@ F@@ F PNN NEF F? @E?? @P@? P@@
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@N@ S? N@@@ ?? ? ENP@P?? @EF? @FP??@ @N@ F? N@ @@@ ?? ? SE? @FS@N
? SE?? @B@@@P? @@S@ NP N@? j? EVN ? .
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@E? E@@? .

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?@@ @@@ @V VFP@ ?@@ jFF @P@? NNE NE@@@? P@@ .
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@N@ F? @@P@? VBS F?@ F @@ NN NEF N F@ F @@ F@@ NEFF @F PF@N
@FO NFPF. N
@? E@@ @ N@~ O@@ VF NF@@ j@@E? @ @@P j@?E j@NV?? ?@P? j@?: F
@NN?? @? F@@? j@@P?? ?E j@?@@?? @? B@@? @?@@? FP? S? B@O O N@FP?
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@? FF @? : F EF P@P@? PF? NN? SP?? P?@F? ) ( 3@FF ?SN NVP @PNY
@@FP? @? m ( 4F? EF P@P@? P@@ FE@PN V@? FF .
@FP? .
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@? F@P@? V@P@P? .
S
) @PFF} ( 2FPV N@? E@@ @ N@~ F NO@@ V@@S@ F?@ F@P N@P@? N@@P NF P@@ @FEFFN@
? E?@@? @EVN? @ENE@? @ENF@? @ENP@P?? @EF? @ENE?? @SE?? @ENE@?
@NP@@? P? @? j@B@@@P? @E@?@P? @@P? P? @NS @P NN@P@ F@EF?? @FP??P
ENE@?~ @P N@PN j? @E?@??
) P@N@ ( :@P@? N@N@ S? NP@@ NFN @j E
@@S@ N? SP?? @ENP? @SP? F FE@P N? @P?? @@?@ N? @P@? E@P@P? @F
FE@ @@@@ ?? ? @E@?? @EN@B? @FS@ NP N@? j? @P?? ) @B@@ VO?@ : ( VF @P@?N
P@@ NP N@? j@EF? @B@?~ @FN E@O? F FP N@? j@S??~ ? ENN? @F
F@~ E@P@P? @@S@ NS? N@FS@ N? EN@S? ) @P? ( m@F EN@B NE?F@ ?@@@P?
@FF @? NENE@? @EF? @ENE?? @EN@S? @SP? @@P? P? N@S @EF? N@E@?@P?
@FP?? P@@F N@P@P? EF? ? E@?? .
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@P@? E@P@P? ? EV ?@@@? @? F@P@? .
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P@F@ ?@ FPF ) N@? F EF P@P@? PF? NN? SP?? P?@F? " ( P@@ FF@ EN@BN

?@ F @@ SP?@ V S@@S@ FS NF FNP? FPF NFF VVN ) jF@N@ ( F ONE@ NNE N@ F


@@ @ N@~ F NO@@ V@F @ @FS@ @N@ S? N@@@ ?? ? E?@@? @EVN?
@ENP@P?? ? ENP? @ENF@? @ENP? @EF? @ENE?? @SP? @@P? P? N@S @PN
N@P@ F@P N@P? EF? B? @P@? E@P@P? @E@?? @FPNN PF?? E?F NENFS N@F P@FS@
F OS?@ ? PB@@@P? FS N@P@? N? ?E@ FFF ? @?? @F @?? O?F? @FS@ N? B@@?
~P@ N@ @@P? P? @? " jF PB@@ VO?@ " VF @P@? NP@@ NEF? @FN E@O? @@@@
?? ? E?F@? @FS@ N? B@@? EVP@ @F F@F EFE@? @EFP@? @F F? ~P@ @F
F@~ @FF F FFN E@@? ? B@@? @@S@ NS? N@FEF@ B@@@P? ? E?@@? @ENE@?
@@PN? O@? @ENP@P?? @EF? @ENE?? @SE?? @P NN@S @P NN@P@ F? @P??@
@P N@? j@E@?@P? @FPNN ) P@@?{ ( E?F? @F EFP? ?P?P@? SP?? @N@ E@E@N
) O? NO? ( F @P@? NN@ @? EP@F@ ?@ N@~ F NO@@ V@F PFEF@ P N@P@ F? ?@@@P?
E?F@ ?@ N@~ F NO@@. V
@@S@ N@ FS NF @P@? N@F FS NEFE@ N@EFP@ N@EF@~ .
) O? NO? ( VF VE@ F @P@? NF? NN? SP?? P?@F? @N@ ?P? @P@ F? B@@?
EVP@ FF F@? E@S@ NP?} NN N@?Y @@F NF P@P@? P@@V N@? NN? SP?? FE
P?@F? P@@ .
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F OSP?@ F @PN VF N@FO? @E@ NF OEFP FO? FFP@ ? PEFE@? ENEFF? ? E@PFF?
) VE ( @NP@ V? PFF? @??
ENP@P?? F?F} VP@ @N@ FS NF @P@? N?@ F @@ @ N@~ F NO@@ V@F S?? @?
SP?? ?@@@? NEFF@? FF : F@? E@@ @P?@ ENN? F@ E@P@? N@@V N @F ?@@@P? F?E
@@ ?P F@ F NP@@ VF NENN F? PNP@@~ F?@? EVP? @@P?? F P@P@? P@@V N? F@B
E@P@P? @? E@? @P@? NP@@ @FEFFN@ ?@ F @@ VP FENN@? @ ENP? N@ PVP?
E@@@? F PF FF@ N? @? ENP? .
) @PFF} ( 4FPV N@FF ?SN NVP @PNY @@FP? @? mP@@ .
) @PF ( PF OENE@ N@ FENE? ?@ F @@ @ N@~ F NO@@ V~P@ ?F @@ E@Y @S@
?? FEF NEFP@? @F? NFF? @?? ENP@P?? N@? m?@F F@ @FS@ FEV NF?Y @?P@

E@P? ? @P?? FS NF @P@? N?ENP? E@PN? @@P@? N?ENN? E@PN? @@?@ N? @P@?
E@P@P? @P@@ NFN @E j@@S @P@N@ ? EN@S? FFEF? EFP@? .
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@PV NFE@S? F PF FEF@ E?F@ @FEFF N? ENE@? @ENP? @SP? @NP@@? P?

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@N@ F? ?ENN? ? PE?F? .
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O? ( NP@@~ @?? VS} ?ENN? ? PE?F? @F? P?S VEF@?? NP? V@?? ~P@. F
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?PFN@ @EY ?@@ j@@EY ?F@@ jF F@F ?E? @?? FPFN@ F? E@? FF PFP@FN@ F P@S@
@EY F @@NN@ :F@ EN@ F@?? FPFN@ F P?B? ?? @P@? @? F?@@@? ) ( 21 - 20
@? E@@O@ F@@ @?P F@@ jF?~ @?? FPFN@ @? E@@O@ F OO@@ F? P@@ j@F @P?
E@@ F@F VP jF PF FN@FB mNEF @@E N@?? ~@? ?@E?@ .
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FPFN@ F? E@? F@FN@ @FP@FN@ F P@S@ @EY F @@NN@ F@ EN@ F@?? FPFN@ F P?B?
?? @P@? @? F?@@@? P@@ .
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F F@? E@? FF?V@ @FN@ @FP@FN@ F P@S@ FN@ @EY F @@NN@ F@ EN@ @P@N@ F@??
FPFN@ F P??B? @?? @P@? @? F?@@@? P@@ F N?@ F?@ FEN@B NFF@ @PFF@P? .
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? B@?? FPFN@ @N@ S? NP@@ NE@P N? @P?? @EN@B N? NF? EN@S?
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) E@P NO? ( @V VF@?? FPFN@ @N@ F? NFF?? ? EN@S? @@@@} @FEFFN@ ?
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@@ j@@ @@? FFPY EFP@@ ?PN@ F FE@P N@@ P@@@ : NF? EN?@ E?PF? @V?@ ?P?@
F P@P : VS F E@E?@ ??@ F P? F@??@ ?F} ?E@ ??@ F E@V FB F@@O NFB @P@
S@? @@SE NNN F FP? @ P@@ jF FF P@P?Y @?B NE N@F FP? VP N?@ E@P?
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E?F@ @FEFF N? B@@@P? @E@?@P? @@@? EN@B? @F ENE?? ) F@NN@ ( @VV
F@?? FPFN@ P@@ NFN E@@? ? @P? E?@@? @F PF F? ENP@P?? ? @PFF? E@FP?
FS NF P@S@ ?PFN@ ? @E jF @S? NFN@ @@@@ @F E@? N@@F F@F F@F ?E? @?? FPF
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@@S FFF@ @ PFEF@ ? PEFP@? @FP? P@@ .
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@? : F@?Y :@ S@F SF? V SN?N N@@Y V SFF?@ @ S@F EFF? @? : F@VV
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@P? SP@? P? E@P? BFFPV NFN EF@? FP NN@O j@FF FPV N@? NE@P? B@?S@ N@ @FN
SP? F? EF@? @P? E?PF? @NP@ N@?N N?P? E@P? BFF@ O@F @E m@FO NFPF. N
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V VEFP? @F PN?P@ @@E? FF NEF? ? FF? EFP? .
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FF jN@S j@? EF F@?Y @EFP VO? F @PV V?F?@ F F? ENF@? :@F @EFN
EFF F?FP j@F ?P jF? EFF@ N@F FF?Y F PNP@ S?FF?? .
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?@ @F? NFF? EFEF? @PV VF?S?? ? @F j@@j P @@ FNEN N?? F@ P@? F?? ?
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EF? @FPN ) N ( @@F F@P@} F @@@ ) . ( 7
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@EF? @ENE?? @@P? P? N@P@ F@EF@?? EVN?S? F@NN@ NP? N@N@ S? N?P
E@E@? @@FP? FEF NEFP@? F FSP N@?~ B? P@@ NFEF NEFP@? @@S@ N?
EVN? @ENFS? @@PN? O@? @SE?? @ENE@? @SE? @EF?? @E@@? ?EN@B?
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@B@@ VO?@ VF NP? N@@@ ?? ? E?F@? @F@ S N? B@@@P? @E@?@P? @@P? P?

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@@ FFP? E@P N? @P?? @P@@ NSP N@?~ B? @@F F@P@} NP? NFF VEN@?? FF
EF? :@?~ FF VEN@?? ?@@ @?@ @FS@ N? B@@? EVP@ .
@F NP@~ ?FF? P@F ) j ( @NPF F F@@@} :@F @?~ ?FS N@P? @P NFE?F@?
@F? NFF? @@@ j?SN N?F OEF@?@ FF @P@ NBS FF@@S@ @F @F @F FP? E?F@?
?FS NF P@E@E N@ PN@ V?@ @FP? @? FF? E@@?S? ?F O@P@@ @P@}
@F NE@ NNP? @ S@FP? ) ( @? F@F ) ( FENN? ) ( FE?F@? ) ( ?EFP?
@P@@ @@P@ SF? .
@@?~ ? EF@ BENFS N@E@EN V@@ @F? E@P@ :@@ EF@@? F FEF? :F?@?
EFE@? F FFP@ : NV{ @P jNP@ jFE@N N?E FSE?? .
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@ SF E@N SFP N@ P@F@ P@@ .
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?? NN@} @@P?VN@ @ @@@ @? EFP@F N? S@~? F@@@ ? VP j@@ @P j@? E@@P@
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ENN@? FP FSF? @?FS NF @@@ F N@F @V N@NE? F @E? SP? @P@ SSPN
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FPV : N@@N NEFF NFP FENE@? F@P?@ @ S@FP? @? : FNE@. N
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S? NF FE@P N? @P?? :@F ?P? F@~ @FE@ NF FP N@? j? @P?? :@@NN
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@@F VENN@? @E@@? ) ( N@~ F E@E@ F@PY ) ( ? EVF ?ENN@? @O?@? ?EN@??@
@P@ EF?@? ) ( @@P : NO?@ V? " @B " PF " E@?@? " ) ( @? : FEVF ? " @BP
" @O?@ V?E@?@? @F FE?@?~ :N@ ) V ( @? FP?@ SP@ ) V ( @?
O?@? @ EF@ ?F F NFPY F F@PN@ ?@@~??@ ?P?@? @E? S@@? @EFP? @@E?
E?P@? F F E@PN FE@S FF PS@ .
@NE@ NN@@@N N@FP?@ ? E@PN? F FFP@ : N?FO NF SFS@ NFSF} ?@P@ j@FF
@@@} :?FO NF SENN N@F@F@ FP@ NF@@ F E@PN@ F@@@ ?SP? F FEF? :
FN@? EVN? F : F@F @E@ N@F @F @?S VNN? BF@? ? FP? @F? EFP? ? FP?
ENN@? ?FS N@P@? VF ENF F?? ?EV NN@ @NP@@ VEFP N?SP?? ? @?? SP@? FF

@PN@ :@NE@ N@@B? ?@ F@P@ jFP?@ @~S VE@V@ @NE@ N?ENN@? @@ ? B@@? :
@EN@??@ ? ?@? FPF?@ @@P : NF @F NS FF@ P FF@ @ S@FP? ) ( F F@PN@ :@N@
@E@ NS?? B@FEF? FP@?? @@FP? @@? NEF?S? ?FS@ @? EF@ PVPY @EN@
V?FP? VP?? @EN@ @?O FFF
FNF?V@ ? FPF j@F@ F O@P@ EN@?? ~S FF@ E
SP? NFE@ VF? PF NE@ N@FS NF N@? NO ?@PF@ j@F O@FP? @N{ FF NFP@@ @@P: N
@F @E@@? P@@ NP N@? j@@P : NFP@ ) m ( F F@PN@ :@N@ FP VF?F j?P
FP@?@ F F@P NO? :@FP
F? N@U ? E@P?? F FO FEN@U V@P@ ENN@? @F@ j@F : F@FP N@U @F@ jFPF
ENE@? F?F FN@ EFF VF PENE@ V@@S@ @@O@ @E@ N@F FP N@? j@FP F F@ F? EFF?
F@ F@O @E@@P? F PFP@Y F : F@F : FP@@ FPF@ @E@@P? @@P@@ ? @@F VFP@@ FPF
EFF? @N{ @F ?P?P@? ) ( @NPN NENF@ ? ?FP?? @FP? SF NV SF@ ENN@ FF@O
@ VB@ F NE@? F@@@@ FPVN : P@P@? V?SF? @FEFN@ @P@@ ? @ S@FP? @P@@
SP NFP@Y ) ( @? SP?@? :F F@PN@ :FP@ EF@? ? @N?@ @P : NF NSF
F@ @?S@ F : FF @E@ ?@P?@ F@F N?P@ V@P@@ SFP@ NF E@@@ E?@ NEFE@ F?P@N
@E? ?E@EN? @FF N@PN@ F : F@F PF FNFY @S?N NE@EN NF~S VFPF F : F@FP
N@S NE@EN VF@P? N@@ ??P?E@? ?@P?? ~S? @P N@S j?E?@? @F E?@@?
@?EN@? B@ P@? jFS N@O ? @ j@?@N N?P@ NFF F F NF?} :N@U ? @ j@? j FF: F
S@ @@P F?@ ?@@? FP@ N?EV @F~@ F FF NP F@? @F @P? @N? O? @O O N@FP?
@@O@ @?NP? jF OF@ N@P@ F? FF : N@ @F ENN FF : F@ @? F~@ FPN P@N@ FP
@?P FSV P@N@ @ @@SE @F ENN @?P @?? @O O N@FP? @@O@ @V : V@PVV
E?E@ V? PENP?? @P V@PV VENN F@@ FN N@P@ FE@@?@ @F F?FN N?F? @? j@F~@
?FP? EF? @@P?? S? ?@ jNP@@ jF
@P@? NF F@? N?@? E@P? :@F@@ FS NF F? P @F? P@?@ @O O N@FP? @@O@ ?P
@F jF F@P@ P@? F@?P@@ FV@ @PV N@@@ @@ N NF@F@ E@@? O?@ N P? @@?
E?F? @FF @F F@? NE@F?? @FPN NF OF~@ P m??P@?@ @O O N@FP? @@O@ @FS NFN
E@@? .
@F FP N@? : jF @P@? ENN N@ P@@? S? ?@P?? @FP? SF N?@ EFP@? @@P?

FP@@ SE@@P? FP FE@P?? @F : F@FP S@ F @P?V@. N


.
FP} .
@ PFP@@ @E@ F@ SNN@ ) ( @FF N@@ ? ?@@ ) j ( @E@E@ : NF @FF@ PN
@? jF OEFP@@ F @P@?V F?? ?F OP@@ EN@?? P@ N@ j@@F P@ NPF j ?FSN
F P@O NPF?Y @O FP@Y FPN?@ P@ m@ @?FS NF PFP@@ ? P@F? E@@@? N F@E@ jVS
? PENN@? F PNP?E@ F FFP@ : NFPF
@FSF PE@@@ VFP@@ FP FE@@@? @F PFP@@ F? @
E@? VFF F@P@? F EN@U@ @E@@P? @F : FFF NP N@PN j@F@F NFP@ NS? B@O
O N@FP? @@O@ F@F @F S@ @?~ VPN N@@N P??S? {P? @@PN N@P@ S@? ) (
@? : FF @?~ ?P?F? BS? @F FFN ?P@@ @FF@ NEF? :E@E@ N@P? ENN@ ) F
( @@Y ??@?? V SN?~ VPY F F@? NEN@S? :@N@ @? mF?S NF S? PP?F? BS? VS
E@@@ N? E?@? @E@? NE@E NF PSP?@ V@F P@V EF@ m? PENF@? ?E?@? @@ P?Fj
@P@ N?E?@ @FF@ P N@? jFPF N@EFP FEFS F?@@@P? @F F? VN?? F PN@? EF?O? :F
@N NF EN@U@@ @F @P?@@ VPY ?F OE@E@ F @PV NF? E@@ F@@ NN@ @@O @E@@P?
@F @P@~ ?@ @@ PFP@@ @@ E?@? @ @P@~ ?? FFP@@ V SN?@ @ P~N? F P@?@ NF PFP@@
E?@@ @N?@ @ P~V? @~N? @S @O@ F P@@S F?@@ j@VE@ @P? @@P NF?@
P@E@@ VPY @ S@FP? ) ( ?P?F??@ ? FP j@@P jFVP j@@P j@?E?F? V
?PN@ F BS? ??F? ?@? SS? @F
E@EN@? ?F OE?P@@ F @E@? N@@P : NN?~@ VPY ) ( @@P : NNN@ ) ( FNP??
@E@ j@@P : NN?~ NN@ @ PN?@ @ PNN jF P@?@ N??P@?? ~V@ F@ PF@ ?~N?
FP F@F? @?? @F EF@ ) B ( ?FS NF@ ?? ? @@@ j@E?P@ NENE?~ FE@?? B?@P?
E?@? SP@ @P N@? EFP@@ FN?@ @@O F F P@? S@? EVP?@ ? O?@? F? E@@ NF?F@N
F@ SNN@ @?O F@P : NN?~ NN@ F@PN j@@P : NN? N ?FS NF ? @E@ ) j ( 22@F
FF F? EFP@? ?@ PF@P NFF NFP@ N@@F F@P@} ? EN@??@ F FP@V @P@ ENN@?
@@OP @F F{P? ?FF j@?F@ jS@ ?@ VP m@@@@S NF OE@@ NFENN@? F@ @@@ @@@@SN
PFN. N
.

S@PFF} . ( 22
? O?@? F? E@@ NF@F@ NF@ SNN@
FPV N@? EFP@@ FN?@ @@O F F P@? S@? EVP? @
@?O F@P : NN?~ NN@ F@PN j@@P : NN? N ?FS NF ? @E@ jP@@ .
@FEFFN@ ? EVN? @ENP? @SP? @B@@? EVP@ P@N@ :F @?~ @N?N@ VPY
@N@ S? NFS@ NP N@? jFF@ N? @? @P?? E?@? @E@EN? .
VE :@N@ F? NFF? F? j? PEFP@? F@?? E@@? @?PN F@PFF jF P@ SO N?@P??@
FP} .
@PV VENN@ VPF FNN jF NN jF@V VNEN NF@? j@@P?? F FN@? j@@P??
@S P@@@ E?@ @@ E?@? ?P@ ?P?@? @FF@ ? E?F? FS NO? N? PFP? S??S? ?@P
F F@?@ E@F? @N@U {P@ F@F? FP? EFPF? @@P : NF @PV ) V ( FE?@? @@P: N
@PV V@P NFPY P@@ N@@@} ??F? E@@O? @FP? FN@ FPF ?~P@? .
@@@@ P N@? j@FPN N?F OF N?P?@@ F@F : FENN@ V@PV V?FP@? NE jF? PF N@Nm
N@O @FP? FFF E@@S V?E?? FF F F? NE@@?? @F F@? NEN@S? :F @P@ ?@@?
NV?@ @@ PF? ?P?@@? @@P : NF @PV V@ PE@@? ENP@@? P@@ N@? NSE??
@@PV V? EF@ BE? N?ENN@? ) ( FE@E? @FPF FNP@@ NE@P N@F ENN@? @F FFN
E@O? @SP : N@PV V??P?@ @E@ E?? @? E N@@? P? @? jP?@ V@PV VEN@N
@?@@? F? E@@? :@@P? N@F@N
@N@O V@@ @? EVN? @ENP@P?? @SE? ?
?N@U@ E@P@ @F P@EVP NEFEF N?@P? E@@? E@ B?? @P@ SP N@? jFPY ?FP??
@FP? SF NF P@@V ? @F j@ P@FPNN@ @NP@@~ P?F NSF? @P@ SF? FF@N
@@@} ?PN P@? NENP? @EN@S? @NVN N@P@ FP j@@P jF VV?@ @VN?@ F
? @?S? EFPF? @ S@FP? @E@@@ @? NENP? @EN@S? @F EFP? ?FS N@FP? SFN
F FF @V N? PN@O NO? @O ?? ~P@ @S @V E@ SP N@@Y @@ NNP? m@ P@?? P?
@N@ FFP
NP@?@ @? EF@ @@F@ ?@F j?? FF @E@ ?FP? EFP@? :F @N NENN N? PNP@F??
@@SN ?E@P?? @EFS VFE@ V@FPF @? S?@P? ? P@?? F? N@P@ FF?F @O FP
@@ EE@F?F VN@U @FP? @ @@ ? N@O : NON S@ U@FP? ON SP@P N@F @@ V ? @Fj
@ P@F@ SF F@? S?? F?F @@ FE@P?@ F F? SF? @ F@ PSF V@P?N N@@@

? N@? E@F?F? ON SE? PF NON SN P@FP? @ F PNP? ?? @ F PNP? E?? @?


S?? E@F?F VN@U @F F@?V P@ @@ ? N@O N @ F PNP? E@? S?? F@NV P?
@F j@ @@ PSF V@P?N N@E@F?F V@V : VON SE? PF N@P@P N@ F P@V P? P N@O NFP
NP? E@? S?? F @@ V? SF? @ F F? E@P?? @P@? NSF F@ F PNP? EF FPN
N@P@ : FP?F NE?@@? ?@@} @?F F PNP? EFN@ @F @PF? ?P?F? F@F ?@@?? @F
EN@FB?@ F@ F?F?@ F F~@ ? PE@F?F? F N@@@@S NP?@ VF @PN N@S @N FSP. N
@N@U @E@@P? ?E@@? @?? @P. m
F F@? NEN@S? :@EFPF F E@P@? F?UE? @FE@V N?@? EVP? @@ P@?S FE@P?B
@N@ @? m@ PV@ @? j@PVY @V VO : N@ P@@F N?@ VEVP? @ PN@? @@PFF?
FPFP FE@ FF@? S??@ @? OFP FFF? O? @F @?? EFF? FFP? O? @F @E??
@@ NBP??~ @F : F@@ mF? m@@ PP? N@@ @PVY @ P@@F N?E? @ P@PFF? FPFP
FE@ F@ VP? S??@ @@ NFN
@E? P N@?? @FF@ F O@@@ F? @? jNFBN@ NF O@P@N P@@F N@F F??? F FPN
?S : F@F @PN N@ @@ NO @E@ VP NF? SP@? @FF@ P NE@P? BE@@@P? ?
E@PN@? FF F F@FP@ @@ NF? @? j?@PN j@? NP?? @F m@F F@@F
VPN? FP@? PFV P@@ PF? N@P@ F@PVY @ PF P@PF EO@ @P@ P@FP? @@P NFPY @PVY
FP@ @P FE@@ @F O? ? P~@? @@N@ BP??~ @P N@@ P@@P NFPY @PVY FP@N
S? @ P@@@ ?~@? @FP@ VS? @ P@? F?SF? @?} @@ m@@ NFN @PF E@P??~
@F P@@ N@PN@ @@E? ?@ ?P?F?
@FPN N@@P@? ?@ PF@@ E@P?@ F E@P?@ ?P?F @
@ m@F VE?@P? .
@?@ FP N?F@ jFNF? VE?@ NFP F@F j@@V@ @@P : NFP N@P jP@@ N@PN@ ) (
@@P : NNS} @@@ ?? ? SP?@? ) ( FF NF@ V@?V@ FS@?? @EFF? ?F
B@@? F? E@@? .
@NE@ NF E@P@?@ @ P@@@@ @@PNF@ @NP@@ V?NN?@ NN VENN@? ) ( @FP@@@ ?
ENP@@? ?N? E@@? .
@? F?FP@@ ? ?@@? P? @? : j@F E@PF? @F V? j F : F@ @F@@ ? @F @P @F?P
F@ F EN@U@ @@FP@ @ @F B@? N@U@ ? NN??. S

@NP@@ V??S?@ ?P?F V@@@ NENN@? FF NF NO @P VNF NENN@ VP@@ NEFEFN


) ( :@@P NF P@@ N@@@} ) ( F@E@V@ EN@? N@E@P N@E@PF V@ENPF? N
@ :F )
@@F EVF @E@V@@ @@Y F? PNP@@~ F E@E?@@ @ PF@P NF@ @E? @P@@ @N P
( @? O@?? B@@ F?FS N@O O N@FP? @@O@ @NFFN NF PN@{@ ? @F jF F@?N
EN@S? :FP@ P?N? P?F? @@@ jNS N@O@ ) ( @FP@@ P N@? jSP@ ? PNP j
?@@? @F~?? @?S F F P@P@? PE@@@ FF P?F VFP? E@?@? @PN?@ ?P?F V?@@ @?@
@FF@ ? E@@? B@@@P? .
@?E@PF? NNN@ ) ( @@P : NNP@@~ P@@ NP N@? j@@? NEN@S? ( ?
FP? ENP@P@@? @@P : NNE@ N@@P : N?SS? ) ( @@P : NF NP?N? ) (
@@EN@ F@F? ~@ F ?VV? SP? ) ( @N@~ @P? VEFP@ ) ( ?@PV
N@? N@ P??Y ? FP?? P@ S@FP? @E?P@ N@S @EV F? PVP?S?? ) ( @@E? NE?E?
) ( @EFE V?? FP FENN? ) ( @EFE@ V@@@ j?PY F F@? NEN@S? @@P : N@N@
F N? PP@?? ? EFP@ @SP?@ V@F EFP? @S@F V@@P? NE@EN? @?Y FF
@@@} :@P@ @F? EFP? ) ( F @P@ VV? SP? ) ( @F FFN E@@? : EFF
E@F NFPY VPN? S~V N@?E@ NBF? @@V VNE?Y ?SE?? ) ( :NE?N N?
E?E? FF EF @E?? ) ( @N@~ VP NFP@? ?@?? ] ) ( [ O ENP@? N? E@P?
EF@?? F P@P? ? E?S? ? PNP@F?? F EN@O ? ?@? P?F?? ) ( @ S@F
F?@ @F F@@@} :O E?@@ @F FEF? ? @P? jNP@? mF@P?? ? ?@ j@?j
@@P??@ :?@ m@B@} @@O} EV{ @@ @N@~ @F~ NE?@? F SF? @SP@ FE@ ) V
( @F F@P@} :ENN NF EN@O ? E?? FE@ VO @? F P@?Y @F P@@ EFN
@P? O? @E? EN@O @S @N@ @F?@ EFEF NE@?@ ?F NE j@FP@ ?FE@ F E@?@NP
) ( @ E?FP? @O ) ] F ( [ ?N@@@? EFP@? @F@N N? F? j@NNN N? @@ ) ( ?: F
@P? N? EFE@? @ENN@ V? @?? FE?? ? E@PN? .
FP} V SN@U @E@@P? ) ( FNFB N?E?P@? ) ( V S@P@E? ) N ( V SNFB N? ) ( @@P: N
@PY ) ( @@?@ V S@@@S ) V ( @@P : N@P@E? N@P@ S@?? P@@ NE@O V@@?N N
@@P : NN@S N@NFB N? O?@? FP F?@?@ @@P@ : NP@@ ) ( @PY @@?@ ) (
F FF @@?@ ? V U@E@ ) j ( @@P : N@PY ? EVF @FP@Y ? O?@? @P@ S?F@ j

F FFP@ : NP@F@ FP@ N@N? O? @O O N@P F? @@O@ ? SE?? @V{ N@?. m


@@P : NN@U FP VEV@ ?F @E? j@@F F@PF : mN@ UFP VEV@ FP@Y O F E@V P@ @N}
F@E@@P? @@PF N@@P? @@ V U@E?@ j@ S@FP? F ??P@?? FF ) E ( @F F N@?S@??
) (
@@P@ V U@E?@@P? ?E ) m ( FP NN@O j@FF N@P ) m ( N@BN NFS NN?@ @ P N@@P: N
@P@ N@NFB N@N@U @F S? B@O O N@FP? @@O@ @@P N@@P : N@@PN @@P N@@P : N@N@BN
@N@U V@@P N@@P : N@EV N@N@U @F S? B@O O N@FP? @@O@ @@P N@@P : N@PN @N@U
@F S? B@O O N@FP? @@O@ .
@P@ S? E@PFF? ?FP? P? @PN j@N@ NP@? m@@P : N@? UE? @P@ SE?@? EF?@? ?
SE@@P? @P@? ) ( 1@SE?@ NS@? N@UE N@P@N@ NS} ) ( :NN} ?SF? @?
SP@? : E@@@ SE?@? S@?@ F S@F P@PV E@@?Y F @E@N NNN m?FS@ @PF} FF FF
@@E@ V??@ @PY ) ( @@P : NFP@ N@P@ EF?@? EVF ?@B? @O?@ V?E@?@? EVF
@O?@ VE@@@ PP@@ NENB~ :F @P?@ P@@ NE?@?~ ) ( @? PFP@@ E?@@ F?Y
@P@ SE?@? S@?? F P@P?@ F PFF@@ FP F~V? F P@E? ?@ ? EF@ ) B ( @S
@FP? ? E@PN? F@ F PFP@F N@?Y ) ( @ S@FP? F F@@@} :FE?@? @FPF
?FS@ NE mF FEFP@ : NF PFF@ N?? ] ) ( [ @? FF? E@@?S? :@V NF@E? ?? ?FSN
NP@ ?? ?? F@E?? ~V? ?P@ ?P?F? ?~V? @?F OENE@?@ E@PN@ ?@ @E? ?@ F
@@ @E@ E?@? ? P~V? @@ ) P ( ? @P? @? jF E?@? ?EVN? ?@@@? @? EF@
?? O? NF PN? PE?@ ) F ( @? EF F?@ F@ ?? V S@P@E?V@ @? : FF @P@E? N EFF
@?Y
@FEFF NEF? @FPN. N
S@ m@F VE?? .
) @PFF} . ( 1
FPV : N@? UE? @P@ SE?@? EF?@? ? SE@@P? @P@? P@@ .
@FEFFN@ P N@? j@P N@P@ F? B@@? EVP@ E@P@P? @FP??. P
F@NN@ :@E? ?? FPY @N@ S? NF FE@P N? @P?? :@F F@~ F FSPF?:
@N@ F? NFF? F? E@O? .

@E@P NO? :F @E? ?? FF NEF? @PN NFN EN@P? @@@@ ?? ? EN@S? @E@??
@FS@ N? EF?? F F? B@@? ~P@ @E@?@P? :@@VV N? @P jFF?N NF OE@PN@
F @VV NVE :@N@ F? NFF?? ? ENP? @SP? @@P? P? @? j ?FSN PFV :@E?
?@F UE? @P@ V U@E?@@P? .
FP} .
V S@PV NNE@@P? FF P@F@ FP FSF? F P@P@ S?ENE@? FF@ N@? NEN@S? FP VFEF?
ENF@? ) ( @FF@ FN E@@? @P@P? @N@ FENN@? ? FPF?@ @F EF@ ) B (
O SE?@ @@ E@?? ) ( @P@E@ @@@} O@ @ F@B@@ E?@? @E?@@ @E@E@ F@E@@@
?FP?@ NS ) ( F @P F?SF? ? EF@ BFFP@@ EFF F@UE@ @P@ SF? @? @P??
EFF? ?@@@? S FENN@? F P?F ONE@@@ @F N@E@@P? ??F? E?? ) ( 2@? S?@? :
F P@E@FN P@O@ @FP@ F?@?? .
@N@~ F E@P@E?@ EVF ??P? @E?@ ) j ( @@ ) ( @F? NFF?? :@?Y @?: F
F?Y ) ( FF @E@ F?@P@?@ F @?@ ?@@? EFF? N@ ??F? ENN@? .
@O?@ F?@P ) j ( :@P@ F@?@ P@@ NEF? F FFP@ : NF FN@P NO? P N@P? O?
P? NP@ : FS N? P~S? @? : FSE?@ N@P} @P@@ @PN@ :@E@?N@ ?E@P? ?FS NF PNPFE
@ PS? B@O O N@FP? @@O@ FS NE@@@ NE@ ?@P?? @F : FV{ FP j? @ jF NP@ V?? ?@P?
O? FN@ FPF N@@EV N? NE@? ] E?E? [ NE@ E?@ E? @? EFP@ EVP?S F@? ?@@? F?
F N@PV
E@@? :F F@ FF@F FPY F P@P@N@ VPN? S@@ V@F??@ FN P ?FS N@FP? S
@F FS NF PNP? PB@ F@N SF@@FN S@@ @F S@F? F@ O@F P?P@?? ? @ BB@?
??P?? @FP? SF NENSF? @FP? @F P@EVP NEFP@ N@EN@ N@@ @@? @P? ?P@ ] j [ @PN
@E?
SF? FP F@F? E?? @@P@ N? @F?@ FP FNF@F?? FPF ?F O? S?@P? @FP??@ FSN
@FP? SF NF P@E@E N@?S@ @PN N@FP? SF ] N@P [ N? P@?? @? j@@ NFN @E jSS N
@? P@?? @P? P? N@P j@ PF?? @ P@B? @@ NP N@O FFF @E@ N?SNN@ FF
FP@ : NF F@ SF FF F? ENP@P?? @FP?? :F N@~ F?@ @@F FE@@@ : VF N@U
@N@ E@E@ N@FS NNE@ ) N ( FP@ ] @FF [ NS??~ ? E?@? @? EN@? :F
@N @? EN@S? :F NS FF@ FP@ @F @P@ FF F F@FF @F NFN @E jS?

@E@ F? @?F F@? S?@? :F @P@? F EN@U FP@ @F @P@ @S @N SP F ?


@P?? @F F??? B@Y ?S@? @?@@@ j@@@ j@N@ FP VFP@@ FF F. F
@? : FN@U @?S FE@P?? @P@@ NFN EF@? @@P ?? ? ENP@? @N@ FE@ @@S: N
F @F?@ FP@ NF@ F?@ j?FO NE@@ ?? @? PFS@ FP @F E?@ @O @ F@ N@F ?F??
F FP@Y @ S@FP? ] ) ( [ F@?? SF@ @F F EF? :N@ F? PF@P NENN@ F
FP@ ? SP?? .
S
) @PFF} . ( 2
FPV : N@? @P?? EFF? @P? @ FENE@? ?@@@? S FENN@? F P?F ONE@@@ @FF
@E@@P? ??F? E?? P@@ .
@FEFFN@ ? EVN? @SP P@E@?@P? P@N@ F @N NEFF N@N@ S? NF F?
B@@@P? :NE@@ E?@P? ? FPF??@ FNE@? ENN@? @S ? FPF? EFF? @F EF@ B
@FS@ N? EF?? F FP N@? : j@?@ ? E?P@? @E@P? ? PEFF? FNE@? ENN@? @S
@FP? @@P : NF @E@ ?EFF? ?@ ??F? ENN@? P@@ .
F FE?@ NFP@ : NF F P@P@ PE@?@ ? E?? E@ @ SSF@ @@S@ E@?@ @? E@
F P@E@ EP@@ .
@B@@ VO?@ V@N NEFF N@F FENE@? ?F OENE@ FFP N@?@ jFF P@? PE?P@ NF@??
EFEF? .
@NFB N@PN m? EF@? ?@E@?? F@P? EF@? ? F@? E@P@P? FF@N@ FN E@@? @@PN
:?@E@? @?? ) ( F@EN ) j ) ( 3 ( @FF EF@ N@E@} F PE@@? ?@P jF PFEF j@?P@
) ( ?@E@? @?? @? ?@@? F? E@@? ?F m? E@EN? .
@@ PF@P N@@@ ENE@ FV S@O@ ) ( @PY ) ( @F ?F?@ ) ( @@ @ @?P@ P?
@? : jFP FS@? @?O ? PE@? :F NFB NENPF? N@? : F@FPN N@@P : NN@U@ FP@Y ?F
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S
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B@@ VO?@ V?@ S?@ V? E@E@? P@@@ EFEF NF@ FF NEN@B N@@S@@ PN
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EF?? @FPNN@ @P@@@ @ PFF NEN@B. N
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FPV : N@? EF F?? @B@} F@P@? @P? F VE@ F @? N? E@PN? O? F @B@ F?? F@E
@? N?@ ?? @B@} F PF FEF@ E?F@ F FP N@? j :F? EF F?E@PN? @B@} EF?
P@@ F@NN@ @? N@N@ S? N@@@ ?? E@P N? @P?? @FS@ N? B@@@ P?
@E@?@P? @EF?? @FP?? PF FS? : N@? E@PN? @FO? F @B@ F?? ?@@@? FF?N
NN?@ F FF
?? @B@} @E@P NO? F @? N@N@ F? NFF? @@@ j??EF?? PF@F @F E@P? N@ F@
F @B@ F?? .
) @PFF} . ( 7
FPV : N@B@@@? ? @?@ j@@@@ EN@ N@@@@ ? EF? ?NN?@ ? @?@ j@? F?P@ @P
?@ P@@ @S? N@@ NENN? FE@@?? O? FPF@ @FO NFPFN
@F P@@@ P? ?@ j@PN N@P m@F NP? jF PFP mF P@ F? NN? P@? @F? @
?@?? FP FFP? SP? @E@P? @S U@P@? ) 8 ( 9F? EVE@ F @F FSP N@F @?j
F@P@? @@@ F@@ @P ? PSP? FP@@ @F@ N@F PF P@PV E?@Y @ S@FP? ) (
?F ?EF? @P? @? j@@? j@?F ?F? @?F F EF FSP N@@ @ P@ jFP? @F?
@F P@E? P?P NFP@?@ ?P@Y F PFP@@ F@@?@ @@P? NE@PN N?P N@F E@?? ?SF?
?@E?? ?@?? F@F?? @? EV?@ @~ E@? ?FP jF P@P j@N?@ ? PS@~? ? @? jF P@PVE
@FN N? EF@ B?NV? @@~?? @F PN? FF @? E@P? ?F O?P@@ N?E?PF? ?FP?? @FP?
SF } : NF?F FV@ @@N ?B ?@N P@FP@FN { P@?P@ F? @?F F@PV V ?F OE@?@ @N
E?PF? FF @P@ N??PF j@@P? N?P?F j@@ P@PN N@ @F @? j@? j@O N@F
EF@ B?F F F@@ N@@P : NF PFPF ) N ( @N@U? ?@ @@ F@@ ?@F?? @FP?

E?@@ ? PSF? ) ( F PF ) ( @@P : N?@@ j@?@ j ?@ @F FS NNP@@ N?NN?@ PF VEF@?


@F PN@ P?@ @@ @NP?V NP@ NSF? FP FFP?? ) ( ?@F? ??@ @F PN?@ SP?V
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SE@ ?@@? @P?? @EN@S FF F@@ N@?F @F@ ENE@? V{FF FP@E@ F?@ ] @P [ @@O
@ S@FP? ?FS NF @P ? ?S?? @? : FF @E@N N ?FS N@?m
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ENE@? V@@O FF @F F @F @B@ @F EF@ B@@ EN@U@ @~@ @P FSP?? F@P?? F
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@F@@ @FP? ?P@ V SF@F@ @~@ @@@ @FP? ?@ FP@@ @? : FF @? EVE@ :F @E@ N@FN@ FF
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NN? ] P@ [ @F? @ ?@?? FP FFP? SP? @E@P? @S U@P@? P@@ @FEFFN@
P N@? jF@NN@ @? NP@ N@F? @ ?@?? @N@ S? N@@@@ ?? ? ENP? @SP?
@FS@ N? B@@@P? @E@?@P? @N@ F? N@ FS@ NE@P N? @P?? FF PF@ P?N V @PY
@?P?@ ?P@ @P m@PN@} F P@O} FP@@ FP@@ F FP@? ?P? @@ j@E@P NO? F
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P@@ N@? NEF?? @E@P NO? F @? N@S @?E@ F@P? E@??
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@S @E?@ F?@ ) ( @@P : NF @F F? @@ jFP F~N? @S @E?@ F@EN@ ?P?FN
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:? P?@? EFP? ? V U@P jF ?
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@PVF j@@P : N@NP@F m@FF@@ FN E@@? ?@ P@@ @@ @@ N??@? @F jF@F


EFS? F @E@N NE?P@ NFP FEFP? @? EF F@PY ? P@?@? EFP@? FF @F ) F ( ?P?@?
SP? ?@ ??F? @?? ~N? F? ENB@ PNU@ PF@P?@ @FF B@ VE@?@ VF N@O (
?FS@ F P@@@S P@ @F? ?F OE?? F? B@? ?@ FP} F PF@N@ .
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E@E N?@F? @EN jFP FFP?? @N@U E@?@ ?@P? E?@? F P? ?@? E@P?? @ PN?@ FN
??E?? @F PV?@ E@E N@@P NSF? EF F?B@@? @F P@V PFE@Y @F@ NE@? @@E N@?
SF? FP FFP? ?@??@ @F PPF@@ E@E N@@@ ?F?@ VU? @@@} ?F OO?@ F NP?N
?E @ F@? ?P? N@SY ?NN? F?? @@@{?? .
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] @ [ S@@~ N@B? ] ?? [ FP FFP?? F P@?@ N?@F?? @? F@? E@?? @@E? @? SF? FPF
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FPV : N@? F@? E@P? @@E? @? SF? FP FFP? ?@??@ @@P? SF? EF F?B@@? @FP
@V PFE@Y @E@?? ? NS? E?@? FP FEFP? ?@@@? P@@ .
FP@ @F ? PE?F? ENEF? S@ N@ ? P@?S? FF? @?? B@@? FENPF PF?@
@EN@B NF PFS@ ? @F NEY @?S@ @F FF@ @?? B@@? F?F
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FP?? F P@@@S P@P N@FF P@FN ) N ( @? : F@N E@U? @ P@F F@P N N@S N@F
@ ?? SF VF?Y F FE@? NF PF?
?@@@P? @? EFPFF N@O N@ S@FP? ) ( ?FS NFP@ F
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F@ F@~ ] N?? [ ?@Y F PF@ FF PP@ F@@ @PNN : P@VE@ E@@F V@F @O NF@P j@@@@

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F??@? @U? @? : F@P? N??P? @ @?@ @?P? @@ ? @ FP@@ P@? : FN@S N@P@ F?@
@?P? ?@? @ FP@F@ @P@ E@E? F P?EF N@F NP?V@ @FN@ ?P N@P@ FF?? ?FS NNP@@ m
@? : F@F @ P@U@ @@P@ NF N?P@ @ FP@@ P@@@ F PN@U? @@@ ??P?? F? @N@U?
?@ F? E@@O@ F@@@S : NF @E@ NSP@
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50FPV N@?E@?? P@ N@F? @? j?? ?@ m?P NF@V P VE@P N? FP?? @? @?S?? ?@@@?
@P@? P@@ @FEFFN@ N P @? j
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@N@O E@PN V@F EF@ ) B ( @NP?N@ S?? NP N?F E j E@?@ F?@@? @P j@F
@P?? @? : F?P NNEF @? : F E@@OF P?E@P? @? : FN@U @? mN? m@? EFP@@
NP? m@@ F@@F N@PY @? : FF .
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V E
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SP@ @? EF P@V P? P?P? E@? @P@ NNN@ SF? ? FP?? ? EFP@? E@?@? ) ( FF
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F PF F? PF@?? @@P : N@F E@?@ F@N@ F? NFF? E?@? B@@E@? P? @S j?@E?? ?F?

?? NP@ NO ? EN@S@? ?O F E@?@


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) @PFF} . ( 11
FPV : N@? @? NE? j@PN j@FP? ?@@@ NSP? ?P@ F? E@@? @EF@? B@?P@ EF?
@SP? F@PN jP@@ EFP VO? N@ S? NP@@ NEF? @SP NEN@ON
@S? N@FS@ N? B@@@P? @EFP VEFS VP@@ N FN E@@? @EF@?~ ? ?@@?? @FF
@ PEFP? O? FPF : N@F @? m@ EE@V N?@? SP? FE@. N
) @PFF} . ( 12
@@ EF NP@N@ ?P N ?? @P@? :F@NN@ F @P? NP@@@ ? PE@? ?P?F? @@~??
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FPV : N@? E@P?? @P@? P@@ @P? @ EN@ ? PEFP@? O?@? F PE@?@? @FEFFN@ PN
@? j@P N@P@ F? ?@@?? @@? NE@?@P? ??@ @FPNN PF@NN@ N@ ? PEFP@?
O?@? F FB@?~ :EFP@ VE@?@ VO@ N@E?S VFF EFF?N NF OE@P? F? PO?@?
@FF@ ?? ? B@@? EVP@ FPY ? @?? @E@P NO? N@ ? PEFP@? E@?@? ) VE ( :
@N@ S@ N ?FS NFP@ N?EFE@? @NN? B@@? ? P FP?@ F F? EF?? :@NP@ N ?
E@P?? @? : FF P@@ @FFN N? SP?? @EP N? @SP? @@P? P? @? jNP@?}
?EFPFP? F?SN PFV :EFP@ VE@?@ VEFE@ V@NN NB@@? @FV :EFP@ VO?@V
E@@? @ENN N@U@ N@FO NFPFN
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) ( ?FO @P@? FEN@@ V@?F O@@@ E?P@? F@EN?? ? FS NF @F F??@ FFF ?@

@P@N@ @FF E?F N?@ P?@?? FE m@PY @EN@ N@F @? j@@@@ ?? @PNN P@@FP? ?EV@
N@U @ @@ N@F EVF ) ( F O?@? ) ) ( 15 ( F? EF FE@@ N?B@@? F@S
? ?@@? F? E@?? E@P@? : BN@U @ @@ N??F? @ F PF F?E?P@? @@@F NEF? @F
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? NF@F?? @@F ?@@ :@?O VPN?@ EF@{ ] @? : FNP@@ [ NEF@{ ?EVF@? NEF F@ PFN
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?EVF@? @FP@ @E?? ?@@ VE@?S? @@P NE@PN? @P N@P@ NSF F?FP?? ? @?? NF
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FPV : N@FF E?F N?@ P?@?? FE m@F NFE m@PY @EN@ N@F @? j@@@@ ?? @PNNP
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@?F OE?@@ F NF? N?@F? @ j@? j@SP N@P@ N? P N@@E? ? @ P@@@ SF F@? E@F@
S@F F?N@S jF F?O? @F SF EF@@S@ ?@F F PN@ @@F} F@ FE@P VFF @F ) F (
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F FEN@B N@N@ FP VEF? @FP@?? ) VE ( :@N@ S@ N@B@@ VO?@ VF NP@N
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E?F N@? E@F@ @?@ F PF@@@ E@PV N@FP? @F N@S?@ FFF??? F?@ SF V@S
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FS@@ ?@ E@?~ F?PN N@@ E@? ?@ @S @F @F F??@ @@P@ N E@?@ @F FF?@
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F? E@@ B@@ F?@ ?P@ E@?? F@P@? P@@ .


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(.
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@} ?? @P@? P@@ .
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? SF? FFF?@ ? ENEF? .
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?~ F@?@ E@P? @EN V?P@ @ j?@ @F @@{? SF? ?B@? @E@E? @@P ?ENEF?
@SF? @E?Y F?@N@ P@ N?P? @ j@@E@ ) N ( NE?NN@ P@@ @ j ?F OE@?@
?P@ N@@? @F F?SF? ?P N@?@ j ?F O@@{@ ENN? ?B@? N FE@E? FF FF@
@?? E@PFF F@FO? FPF@ ? NP@@ E@@? @NE@@ @ FF@ N? O?@? :@F PF F@ F@F N?
EVF @@ N@PN@ F P@ PF@??@ @@F ?F N@ FF@ NN@ @FPN N? E@PFF? EVF .
@S? ? @@P? E@PFF@P? @V : VF@ FPF NE?F@ ? @F @F@ FP@? N?? @E@? N?
@F E@? N F@F @E@? NFF F FEF@ FNV N?EFP? F?PV N@FPV NP?@ m?
NP@F j?? F@P@? F EF N@F@ @F NPF@ FE@FPF? EVF @F@?S? @@?? ?P?@? F
?S@ FP VSP? :@ FS NP?@N NFP? @@@ @EN N@@@ ?@P?F?
E@?? F@@@S. N
FNN N@E? @ FF@ N@P@ NNN@ FP?? @?O FF P@?@ FPN N@?Y F P@@@S P ?F O@?F N@VV
@? ?E@?? @@ P@F FE@?@ F?@ FNV N@F @@@ F@FP? .
V S@F @ FF@ N@? NEN@S? ? E@PFF? O?@? @EN VNF VEFP? SF F? PP@ jV FNP??
.

V SNP@ V@P@ F?@ ?EFP? S?? @ P@?? @ @@ @ E@@P@ @P?? @F @? FF P?E@?


EFP? @@F F @?@ F N@@? NE@PFF? E?P@ VF@EN VNF VEFP? E?P@ F? PP@ jVF
NP?? V SNF? N?EFP? S?? @ P@?? @ @@ @ E@@P@ @P?? @ E@E@ @? E@FP
@@F F? NEF@? @E? ? BP? O?? ? PSF? F OE@? FF FPF FF PF@ FN F@
@P@? NE@? N@E@ NE@?@ E?P@ N@@ ? EFPF? ~EF?S? :?@ @P@ N@@P@ O? F@F @N{
F OE@?@ EF P@P@? P@P F PNE@ P?@P j@@P@ V?@E? E@?? F?Y @? EP@F@ F?@ N@P@N
@@P@ O? @F @ FF@ NEF? FF NP@F NP?@ NE@?? F?Y @@F F?? FF? FP?
E@?
EF? @E@ NNEF @@@@ FF N@P?@ ? @F EFP? @@E? N@@ :F P@@@ @ ~
@FP@@ @F P@V PF PF@ @? S? F NP@@ NP?@ N@ BE@? FFPF F EF NP@@@ P?@N
S? N@ @?@F S@? @FO NFPF NF P@EV PEFP@ N@@P? E@PFF@P? @@F P F@@ F
@F E?@ N@P?@ @? jFPY N@SY ?PF NFPF @ E?@P?? B@@ V@FP? @@@E? ? SP?? E
@ O N@@F .
@@ PFP@@ ?PN@ FP@ E@?? F P@P? P??@@ jF F@? NEN@S? :@E NENEF? @@ FVO
@? j?PN@ FE?E? ?@??? ? E?P@? @P N@FF FF@ P N@? j@ PP? @? : jNP?N
] P@ [ NF@??@ ?F E? E@? @@@ F PF@ @P@@ @? NB@@? :F NP? N@@@@
? EN@@@? :F @F F? E@PN? ?F E j ?FS N?F@} F@ OFS N@N NFPF E@? N@F@O
FF@N P? E? V U@? j?E@? ? P@? @F?? N@? N@ P@@ N? B@@? @NP? N@F FO
@E@ S?F? N? NS@~@ ?F E j@? j@F EF@ B@@@E? E@ O N@@F .
@ N@F? SP? @O@? @NE? @P? ENP?? @?@@?? @?@@?? ? PUB BE@F@ @FP@ N@@F?
E@@? @@P? F?@ @@P?? FP@? ENP? @E@@? @? NSF V? V U@? jNS@ j@FF NFN
F? j@FF @F F@? m@@P NO? :@ F FNF V@NS@ N@@F N?? EF? NF?? ENP N
@ F F?E FE?O? @E?@? @S@?? @E@@? @~S? FFP@ ?? @F} O F EN@@ @@N F@F
F@?? E@P V@P@@ N@@@} @@@@ ?? @N F@E@E@ N?P@ @@@ : j? P@ @F@ j
FENN? @SP? @S?? @OP? @EVPN? @ENPN? @~S? @ENN? @@ SFP@ N@F SF?
? OP? @@O FFS N@?} .
@F FP N@? : jF @? N? @ BENV? F@ BS@? @@ BEVP? @EVPV? @EF@??
FEVPV@? @EF~? @ENN? @F?E? E?O? @E?@? @S@?? ?FS@ FP@ P?V j@F VP j

@@PN V? @F ?P NE@E?? @FF@ N? ENP@P?? :? PENE@? @EFS VFPF @NP?N


SP@@ @EVP@ F@@P@N@ @@ SF?@ @F EFE@? OFF? @FF V{ @@ j@EN jF@@?
BP? @E?E? B@E? .
@F @F F? EFP@? ? E@P? @ S@FP? @@O F?FS N@PN. m
@B? @E?P?? @~? @F@? ~O? @FF ENS N@@@@ ? EFPF? ~EF?S?
@ENP@P?? @EF? ?SF? ?? @@F FE@ NFB N@E?P? N@~ N?EV N@P@@N
@PN@ ? B? ?FS NNS@ NFSP? .
@@ E@? N? SPN? ) ( P@@ NEF? @@? NEN@S? @FPNN@ F PF ) (
P@@ NE?@?~ @FN @E j@SP N@FPNN P?? ?@@@? ) ( 1
S@ N@F? SP? @O@? ) @PFF} ( 1FPV : N@@ E@? N? SPN? P@@ NEF?
@@? NEN@S? @FPNN@ F PF P@@ NE?@?~ @FN @E j@SP N@FPNN P?? ?@@@?
P@@ @FEFFN@ ? E?@@? @ENFS? @@PN? O@? @ENP@P?? @ENP? @SP??
@B@@@P? @E@?@P? @EF?? @SPF? B@@P?? E?@@? @FP?? PP@N@ F @F F?? @N@
S? NP@@ NE?@?~ @FN @E j@SP NEN@O N@S? N@EF? ? SP?? FFN
SPF? F FP NN@S ? @P?? :@F F@~ @FS@ N? EF? @ENE?? @E@? @B@@V
O?@ V@? N?? @S@@ P N@? j? EVN? @B@?~ ? ENP?? @FN E@@? ?
ENF@? @P@@ NEF? @E@P N? @P?? @@@ @ ?? P N@? j? SE?@? @B@?B
? E?@? @FS@ NP N@? j? NP@@?? ) VE ( :@N@ S@. N
@FF?@ EVE ) N ( 2F? EF P@? P?? ) ( @@@ P? @B? @@@ ?? @@@} ?PNP
SP N@FEF@ @PNN P@P@P? @FS@ P N@? j@@@ ENN? .
)S@PFF} ( 2FPV : N@FF?@ EVE N@P? FS NFSPN? ?? B@@@? ENEFF@? @FEFFN@
? E?@@? @ENFS? @@PN? O@? @ENP@P?? @SE?? @EN@S? @B@@@P?
@E@?@P? .
@EF?? @@P?? E?@@? @FP?? P@@FN@ ? E?@? @P@P? F@NN@ F @? N?? @N@
S? NP@@ NFN @E j@EF? ? SP?? @N@ F? NFF? E?@? B@P@@ NSPN
@S?. N

F FP NN@S ? @P?? :@F F@~ @FS@ N? ENP? @EF? @ENE?? @E@? @SP?
@FP?? P@B@@ VO?@ V@? N?? P@@@ P N@? j@@S@@ ? ENP?? @ENF@?
@@@@ ?@ ? E?F@? @FS@@ P N@? j@P N@? j? @P?? @?@ S@. N
@EFS V?EV NFF@ NEF? @FF E?S N@FF@ @PNN : P E@@@ P?? F??@ P?@F?
)(3
)S@PFF} ( 3FPV : N@EFS V?EV NFF@ NEF? @FF E?S N@FF@ @PNN : P E@@@P
?? F??@ P?@F? P@@ .
F F? B@@? ~P@ @E@?@P? :@? EFS? @E?S? @P@? @FEFFN@ ? B@@? EVP@
? EFS? F@NN@ @? N??@ FS@ N? B@@? EVP@ ? E?S? F FS? : N@?F VE@
?NN? SF? ? EVE? P@@ FF E@?@ ? EFS? @E?S? @E@@@ @FP? @N@ S@ N
@B@@ VO?@ VF @?. N
@B@@@? ? SPF@? ) ( 4@P@@ @? NEN@S? @FPN : NF @? ) N ( @F@ON
P?@ NEFEF? @N@S ] N@FP? ENPV N@E@P N@B? F FE@E@?~ :@EVS. [ V
)S@PFF} ( 4FPV : N@B@@@? ? SPF@? P@@ .
@FEFFN@ ? E?@@? @ENFS? @@PN? O@? @ENP@P?? @SE?? @EN@S? @B@@@P?
@E@?@P? @EF?? @@P?? E?@@? @FP?? PP@N@ F @? N?? @N@ S? NP@@N
SP NEN@O N? ENP? @E@P N? @P?? @S? N@FPNN PF FP NN@S ? @P?? :
@N@ F@~ F FSPF? : P@@ NFN @E j@EF? ? SP?? F FEN@B : N@F@ON
P?@ NEFEF? @FS@ N? ENP? @EF? @ENE?? @E@? @SP? @@P? P? @? j@FP?? P
@B@@ VO?@ V@? N?? P@@ NP N@? j@@S@ N? ENP?? @ENF@? @@@@ ?? ?
E?F@? @FS@ NP N@? j@N@ S@. N
@? E?S? E?F ) N . ( 5
)S@PFF} ( 5FPV : N@? E?S? E?F NP@@ @FEFF N? @B@@@P? @EF?? @FP?? P
@@FP N@P@P? F@NN@ F @? N@N@ S? N@@@ ?? ? ENP@P?? @FP?? @P@@N
SP NEN@O N@S? N@P N@? j@FPNN P@EFP VO? @? N?? FPY @N@ F? NFF?
EFEF? @N@ S@. N

] @F @F F? FP? @? [ jNS@ jF@?S? EF@?? ) ( @EN@? ) ( @ENV? ) (


FSP? @E@@? ) ( @FE? EVS? ) ( @S@? @EN? @VN? E@ ) B ( @BP? ) (
@E@F? ) ( @E@@? ) ( @FE@? E?F? ) ( @FF@ @? NEN@S? :?? @?
] @@? [ ~? ) ( @E@?? ) ( @EF@? EF?? ) B ( @F@? E@?@? ) ? ( @N?@
) ( @@P? F?@ @FF E@? N@N NEF B@@F P NENP?? @ PFP@@ ?@@ VP@ :F
@F FO ? SP? @S?? @EN B@S?? FS@ NP@ N? j? NP@@?? @NP@ @ PP? N@@
@F? N@ @FF N@@@} ? PS??@ @@@@} @P@N P@F @P@~ ENN N?SP? @S??
@ENE@? ENS@? ) ( .
@@@ @? m? P@ ?@@@P? :BP? N@~PN N@@F@ @? NEN@S? ??@ F?S@ NE@m
NS@ N@@ m@V?@ @FF FF@ FPN NFSN@ NE@@? @@? N?P@ F? NN@ @N@S j? V U@
@?@ @@?@ ? P@P j@F@@ j@? EF P@V P@? FB? @@P?? F ? E@P@@? @?P?@ .
FP} @@ @@@ ? PEN@? ? FP?? @VE@ @F EFP@? :F NPF N??E? EFP? @ E?FP?? FP
? @@ jFENE? @E@E? @SP@? @N@ @? NE@@? @?F BFV@ @FP? F?@ FF @F F?? ?
P?@? P? @? j@@?? ENP? @EN@S? @FF@ FS NE@PN N@FP?? ) P ( ?F O@E@
ENN? @N@ NN~ SF? F NPF NFFP@@ @ @E@?V NOO V? P~PN? @ S@FP? F P@ENVN
VP@ ?@@?? @@ @P?V N@P@ NN B@F?? ??@ jF PP jF PFP?? @?S@ @@@ P? E@@? ?EFF?
.
@F FP NE@P? : B? E@E@? @? N@@@@ ?? FN E@O? @@@@} ) ( FF
EF? :N@ ?@ NFP? FP@@ ) ( 6 ?FS NFP@@@ ? E@@? F@E? @@{V N@E@ EFP?
FE@@? @? E@@@ ?@E?? @ @P@N NE@?~ F@ P@ F FF N@~ ?PF j? FP?? F P? FPj
N@@ j@O N ?FS NNPF N@E@ ENN? .
S
) @PFF} ( 6FPV : N@@ @@@ ? PEN@? ? FP?? @VE@ @F EFP@? :F NPF N??E? EFP?
@ E@ENV NF P? @@ jFENE? @E@E? @SP@? @?P? FV@ @FP? F?@ FF @F F?? ?
P?@? P? @? j@@?? ENP? @EN@S? @FF@ FS NE@PN N@FPNN. P
@F FP NE@P? : B? ENFS? @? N@@@@ ?? FN E@O? @@@@} F FEF? :N@
?@ NFP? FP@@ P@@ @FEFFN@ ? B@@@P? @E@?@P? @NP@@? P? @? j@FP?? P
EFP VEFS VN@ S? N@N@ EFP V?@@? ENN? P@@ NP N@? j@SP N? ENP?

@FS@ N? EF? @ENE?? @P@@ NE@P N? @P?? @F : F@F S? N@P@@ NFPY


S? N@P N@? j? @P?? @@@@ ?? ? E?F@? ?@ @P@?N N? PEN@? @EFV P O?
P@@ N? ENFS? FF F?? :E@E@ N@? N? F?@ @@@@ ?? ? E?@@? @@PN? O@?
@ENF@? @E@? @FP?? PF F? B@@? :FP@ NE@P@P? ENN N@FS@ N? ENP@P??
@SE?? @EF?? @SPF? B@FP?? P@@@@ ?? ? E?F@? ?@ @PN N? FP?? @P@@N
EF? ? @?? E@PFF? @?Y FF NE@P. N
@F FEF? FPY ? E?F? @EFPF? ~EF?S? :?@ NFP? FP@@ NN NSF? ?? ?FSN
FP@@@ ? E@@? FNE@F ??E?? @E@ EFP? FE@@? @N@ F? NFF? E?@?. B
FP} @F @F F? F?@ VU? @S @PV F?@Y FPN N@P@ SP?@? ? ENN? @E@F? ?
U@? @P@ VFPN ) j ( @F? NN@ @N@S jFF @? N? FF O? PF?@ ) ( ?FP??
@FP? SF } NFP@ ?@ N F@P@? FPN j@@F} { .
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ENN? @@P : NNP@@ N?@ NSP? @EFP? NFY @ ?@Y ) ( P@@ NE@O V@@?N N
@EF? @FP@N N@@ F OEF?@ FF@ F OEFS FF@~ B@@@P? @NP@ VNP N@ @? ?P N
@@P : NNPN N@?Y
@E@P N@N@ ?FP? E@? @FP?@ ?~ F@Y ) ( ?@ BE@@? F@V VFFV?F? @ j
@S N?E} @NP m?@P? F? P@F OF??F? NP@@ @V PFFF?F j@E@P? @FP@?@ ?E
@?S FFP@? ?E j?B@P? B@BE V?FP? S? @P F?@ V@} .
@@@@ FP NBE? E?@? B? ?@? O@@? @FP NS? ? ?? ENP? @E@P N@SN
FPF? F @P@@? N? FF E@P? ?NPF F@NPF F@E@? V@P@? N? E@P? F?P NO?V
FEVP? @SP? @EN@@B VFE?PF? @E@@? @E@? NFS?? @{@? @FEF NSP? F@~
? PE?PF? @F E@P? O? NF V@PY ?F OF?@ @F @PF?? FP N@EN j@@ SFP@N
@FPN N? PEF?S? @F F OS@ @P@ VFPF j@VV} ?E?PF? F P?S?? ? PE?PF? ?FSN
O? N@? E@@@ ? @P?? F@? NSF V? E@?? F F@@ @F E@P F@? EF P@PVP N
?FS N? EFP? FS?? .
PF? F@ @@@ V SF F?? @ @
@@ PS@ F@? @@ N@P@ FFPF j@VV ? P@B? ? E
@@@ @ @F F@ SENN? ? PFP?? @ SFP@@ @F F?@ .

@FF NEF? @FPN N@@F EF? @ PP? @? : jNP@@ NFP@ NEFP@P? ? PEFP? F PE@P?
@FF@ P N@? j@FPN NF O?P?@@ ?E@P? .
F FEF?S V?PN P@? NENP? @NP@@ E@@? @@@ @ S? NV? FP? B@? P@ F@FP@@
@F @? N ?FS NEFP VFF @EN N?S B@@@@ :@ EB@ N@P? m ? EFP? O? ?P
?@? SF? .
@? EF FE@~ NS@ N? ?P?? @@ F@?F N@N@ VEP N@E@E NFF E?FP? E@P? @NV? O?
@ VFPN j@? ENU@ F@P@ VFPN j
@FP?@ @@O F@PNN P??@ F?@NN@ ? ?P??@ @ P
@@P@? NF?@ ? ?F j@?O j@@@ @ S? NV? B@? NB@ @P@ F ENP@ F@NP?@ @P@
FP F?P?? @@P@ ?P?? @P?@?? ?@E?? F@PN? EFE@? @F @ @E? @? : FNP@ N?
?@? EVP? F FP? E?P@? @E@E N@P m? PE?PF? ) ( @PV} @ PF?S? {@? @E?E? .
@{@ V??P?@ @P@ VFPN. j
@?@ NSPN? @P@ VFPN jFP @FF N@? ) m ( @F? NN@ @N@S. j
@F FP NSV? : B?@N N?~ F@Y F FP N@? j@@FF N@? : m@F@O N@P. m
@? E?@@? :F @ S?? V SV?@ @ PEF? FS NFEVE? F F@? NEN@S? :@O? NFSN
@P. m
@F F? E?@? :@ ENP@@ N?SP? F P?SPN? ?? ?@@@? F? EVPN?@ ?SP? F?@NN
@P@ VFE@ jFF F F@N@ F? m@NP? N?P@ N?P@ N@P?? FE@ ) V ( @F
E@PN N@F @@@S ) N ( ?P?@?? EFP@@ ?SP? ?@ F N@P m@? : FNP? N@PNY F@
F @P@ ?? ?NN?@ ?? ) ( @FNP j@ P@P jF FFN E@@? @F EFS? :@NP?N
NP@ VP?? @F@O NN@ NFP?? ?FS N?P N??F? B? .
@? ENP@P?? :@ ENP? N? PSPN? F P? PNP?? ?? @P@? FNP@@ VF ON@@ N FO
E?F@ ? ENN? @@N{ @FP? ?@ NFF?? @@P@? VEFE@?S F@F?N : NF @E@ N P@N
FP? ~P? @?O FF PFP@@ N@EVP@ F P@V P?E@P? E@? @P m@?F OEVP@ @? N@VY
FBP? @F PNP@ V@NP@ @E@ @P. N
@F F@PNN : PF NP? N@P@ m@ P?P? j@F?N NF@ @@@ ? PFP? F? E@@? FS NFP
FP@@ SP@@ @EVP@ FP@ F@FF@ EFP@ N@F F BP?? ?P NF@P?? FF?N : NF NP@N
@P@ m@VP m?@P??@ ?F@??@ ??B@? F?P@? S?? @~@F? ??F? SP? @VP??

@@F @?. m
@F FP N@? : j EF FSPN VF @P@ ?? VP?@ @~ N@?O NB@ @?? @P : mNP@N
? PNP?? F : F@F NP@ N? PNP? BP?? @PY @?Y
@?@ N@ F NF VFEVE? @SPF@? @E@P? ?E@? P FE m@?~?F? ?E j?@?S j? P?@??
? EN@S? @ENP? @P@@ ? E?F? ] @E?@@? ) ( 7@NP@@ E@@? NV V?@?? ?@F
FP@ @@ jN@O @@ ? E?F? [ :O ENPV@ F?N S @@ m?EVPV? ?FS NFPV NFPN?@ ?? F?E
@F FEVPV N@P@ FFPN j@O @@?@ NENPV N@?O FF @? : FN@O F? V@ F NF V@F?NN
) ( @?PN P@ P@S N?SPF@? @F FP@ @? F?@ N@PF@ j@@P j@NPV j@P@V
FP@ j@P N@@ @N@ ?EF? @N@ E@~ @@PN NFP@} .
S@PFF} ( 7FPV : N@?@ N@ F NF VFEVE? @SPF@? @E@P? ] ?E@P? [ FEm
@?~?F? ?E j?@?S j? P?@?? ? EN@S? @ENP? @P@@ ? E?F? @E?@@? @NP@@
E@@? NV V?@?? FP@ @@ jN@O @@ ? E?F? :O ENPV NF?S N@@ m?EVPV? P@@ .
@FEFFN@ ? ENFS? EFP VEFS V@N@ S? N P@@ N@ PFF@ NEN@B N@FS@ N?
SP? @@P? P? @? j@NP@@? P? @? j@B@@@P? @EF?? @FP?? P@P@@ NP NN@S ?
@P?? @@@@ ?? ? E?F@? @EFP VO? P?@ VEF? ? SP?? @P@@ NFN
E@O? ? E?@@? @E@P N? @P?? @EF? ? E?F? @@@@ ?? ? ENF@?
@FS@ N? E@?@P? .
FP} @N@~ FP@ NE?P? @PN@ F @P j? @E?? B@? ) ( F~E N@P m? PS??
@@@ ?? @@@} ?PN PSP N@@? NEN@S? ?FS NFP@@ ENN@ ? N@?? .
@? ENP@P?? :FPN NFP VE?PF? @FPN NFP NS?? ? ENN@? @F?N NFS NNP@? ?@E??
F ] P@ [ ENP@ V?FP?? F PFP?? @P@? V@P@P? .
@? SP?? :F O~E@ @EN V?S?? @? : FF @P? FS NFP} ?@E?? .
@FF N@PNN P@@@@ ? EFP? FPF NF OE@E@ @P m? PE?PF? @FEF@ ? B@@? @P@P? ?
@ BE@E? F E?PF? .

@N@~ @P NE@? E@?? @PN NF @P jSF@ @E NEF?? @?P@?? F PP@F@ ) ( F@


F P@F@@ @N@~ V@} N?@ PV S@@@ P@F @P@~ S~ ?@ SF@ @PN N? FP j@? j?P
EVN? EFP@@? ) ( @E@@?S V@F ?@ SF@ @@N N? FP j?P@ ) (
@N@~ F@@ VE@? E@?? @PN@ F @P ) j ( ?NN ? E@@? @F@ F P@@ @F NP@N@ FPF
EVP@ @@@ @@S@ E@F NF PF @ S@FP? ) ( @?@?? E@F? EFP V? P@@ U?F@?? ?S@N
? PE@?? ) ( @@P : NF @N N?@E? @ ? ?F@?? @ P?@ jFNP? NE@? N?@
@P@ N@@P@ O? ) ( @FF E@?@ VEN@FBF V@P VVE@ ?@F?@ .
F F@? NEN@S? :SP VB@?~ @@FS N??S? E@ BFF PFEF@ @N OV SFEF@ SP?~
V SF PN@ O@S FEF@ B@?~ N SSP?~ F B@? BEFS? F F O? ?F O@@ FSP?
@P? VV O@ j@S F@V VB@?~ O? F@@ F@ jF jF : F@FP@ EN@ N?E@? N@ E@P
@@@ @PY @ E@E NP?PF? EN@ U? PE@? NP @FEF N@@ @P N?S? FPN j?FP? FPFP?
@?@F FP@P@ F O@ PP@@ O?PF F PNFY ?@ @N @ ? P@ jV S@@ P@@ O?EF N? E@?
ENE?? ] ?@ [ @N@ F PN@P@ FF PN@S @@ F O@P@N@ N FE@ P@@@ @PY @N@ @P@
FF? P? @? j@@F @ PP N@? : jF N@~ @P? F @P? F N?@ @S@P? ? @. j
F FEFP@ : N@? EF FF N@P} @P? ] V? S@? ?PFP? N SF@NN@ F E@? F@P? E@?
E@?? .
@F FEF? :F N@~ ?NP@?? @@ @@? FP?? FN@ FF@@? @ j@@ ??F? SP? F@F
@F F PF FF N@P} @P? [ V@PN N? S@? ?P @@PN ] N? S@ [ ?PFP? N S@ @P?V
?P F FB?@ @F F@@ NF? EF F@P@N@ F?F FE@??@ FP? ) ( @? ?@? P? @? : j@?
@ B?P? @P jF ?P? @P j@@ ? @ j@? j@P@? FF F F@F N@~ F@@ V@ jFP
@PN NF @@ .
FP} @F N@~ ?P mF ?P j@@ ? @E?? B@? ? ?@@ jP@@@ SP N@FPN ) N
( @E@@?S VFFP@? U@? ] ) ? ( [ @FP@? E@?@? ) ( @@P : NN@~ ENNN
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