/ -

Shrinkage & Creep

-
Shrinkage
_____________
___

.

:

-
-
-

Effective Curing
Movement Joints
Shrinkage Reinforcements

:
-
.
- .
- .

-
-
-

Plastic Shrinkage
Autogenous Shrinkage
Drying Shrinkage

Plastic Shrinkage :
___________________________

)(
. )
( ) .(-

. .
.
).(-

) (- .

) (- .

 / -

Autogenous Shrinkage :
_____________________________________
Hydration


.

) .(-

.
: -
) ( %
.

Drying Shrinkage :
________________________________
- -



.
. .

) (- .

;a@pb; @MQ
__________

).(-
: .
.
:
.
: .

.

ba@b_ @MR
_________


.

/=
/=

/=

) (- .

 / -

ba@a
@@vy@MS
_______________
) (
.
.
.
B :
B = 2Ac / Pc

:
= B -
= Ac -.
= Pc -
) (-
.%

) (- ) /(.
) (%

- B

B 200 600>B>200 B 600

-
-

,
,
,

,
,
,

,
,
,

) (%
- B
B 600

,
,
,

B 200 600>B>200

,
,
,

,
,
,

ia@aa@u
___________ @MT

.

|;;na@MU
______

.
.

Drying Shrinkage & Moisture Movement Tests

.
:

.
Drying Shrinkage :
_________________________________________

)
(

) (-
Invar rod
.L1

.L2
:
L1 L 2
x 100
L1

= Shrinkage %

Moisture Movement :
_____________________________________________

.L3 -
.
L4
:
L4 L3
x 100
L3

= Moisture Movement %

 / -

) (- .









________Creep
_____

@c@@Noibq@bug@qdm@o@a@@@t@a@a@@ba@

Time-dependent @ a@@n@ya@c

@bc@@g@n@m@

@j@ HVMQPI@ a@ Nna@ bc@ vn@ t@ na@ za@ pba@

.ya@ty@b

/ .
/ .
/ )
/ ( .


.

/ - /
/ -.

.

.
% .
.

 / -

Recovery

Creep

Relaxation

Residual deformation

Time

) = (1+2) - (3+4

4
E

3
D

) (- .



- -

t = o ( 1 + ) = fo ( 1 + )/ Ec
:

o
t

o
fo
Ec

=
=
=
=
=
=

. fo/ Ec
t
.
.
.
.

) (-
.

) (- .

) (%
- B

) (%
- B

B 600

600>B>200

B 200

B 600

600>B>200

B 200

-
-

,
,
,

,
,
,

,
,
,

,
,
,

,
,
,

,
,
,








 / -

- ) (Deflection .
- .
- .

.

) (
.
.Relaxation
).(-
:

.
.
!
! Residual

deformation!
Pure elastic - Elasto-plastic!

Creep

) (- .