‫اض اول دة ا

ء وا  ء  ا ة وارض م‪2008/12 / 19‬‬ ‫ ا ان ا ‬

‫وا!م ارا‪" #‬‬

‫‪  (I‬ا ء ا ول ‪7) :‬ن(‬

‫‪9‬ث هاز ‪+ "% S " 5 2,1‬ا " ‪ &'( )# "  *+ " , %‬اء ض ا‪%‬ت‪1 2,34 .‬دد اض ‪ )#‬أآ‪" . ,‬‬
‫‪ : :1‬ا‪5‬ل ‪ )#‬ا‪ B.+‬ا‪A‬هي '& اء ‪ < *4 . υ s = 50 Hz‬ا?" ‪ d‬ا>" ‪ :‬ا=‪ 2‬اول وا=‪ 2‬ا=< ا;‪:‬‬
‫‪9%‬ان ?‪ <4 F‬ا" ا‪E‬ه‪+‬از" ?‪. d = 3,2cm :9CD‬‬

‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (1‬ه‪ J‬ه;‪ N‬ا‪ "%‬ا ‪ " M "  4‬أم ‪ "L!+‬؟ ‪% J#‬ا ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ .1,5‬ن( ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.v‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ا‪ " . 2#‬آ‪1 : J‬دد ا‪ ، υ "%‬و‪M‬ل ا‪ λ "%‬و(‪ "#‬ا‪O+4‬ره‬
‫‪ &' !'* F'!4 (3‬اء ?‪ F‬ا‪. t1 "A‬‬

‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (1-3‬أو‪ 9%‬ا ا‪ J T+ J!+‬ه;ا ا‪) JO‬أي ‪1‬ا ‪ )# V‬ا‪ JT JO‬آ ‪cm :‬؟‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪(2-3‬أو‪ 9%‬ا?" ‪............................. ............................................................................................ SM‬‬

‫‪9 (3-3‬د ‪ .0,5) ........................................... ............................. .............................................................................................. . t1 " .‬ن(‬

‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (4-3‬ار( ‪ &'( V'* XA‬اء ?‪ F‬ا‪.................................................................. . t 2 = 10ms :"A‬‬

‫‪. (5-3‬رن آ" ا‪ S V,D‬وا‪ M 1 "'*D‬ا‪ ZD# 9!,1 F+‬ب ‪ .0,5) .............................................. . d1 = 16mm :‬ن(‬
‫‪. (6-3‬رن آ" ا‪ S V,D‬وا‪ M 2 "'*D‬ا‪ ZD# 9!,1 F+‬ب ‪ ] . d 2 = 12mm :‬ا(‪ " \+D+‬اه‪+‬از ‪ M 1‬و ‪ .0,5) . M 2‬ن(‬
‫‪1 "A F? (7-3‬ر=‪ 9%1 t X‬ا‪? 2mm "? )# M 1 "'*D‬ق ‪ VL . X4( VL‬ا‪ M 2 "'*D‬؟ )‪ .0,5‬ن(‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (7-3‬ذا ‪O4‬ه‪1 2,L 9D# 9‬دد ا‪3‬ت ا‪ )# " a3‬ا‪+‬دد ‪. υ e = 51Hz :‬‬
‫‪ V34 (4‬أم ا‪ "%‬ا *" ‪%‬ا ‪ ،‬ودا ‪. 2,3 c . a ZL# dO‬ذا ‪9‬ث ‪ 9! "%‬ا‪ +%‬زه ا‪ F? %‬آ‪: J‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫ا‪ : +‬ا‪ : + +‬؟ ‪. a 2 = 1cm ، a1 = 0,3cm‬أ‪ 2#‬ر( ‪A   L1‬هة ا‪,1 F+‬زه ه;‪ N‬ا‪." C+‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ 2,34 (5‬ا‪ V,D‬ا‪1 )# +X‬دد ‪ "#( &,5+?υ ' > υ Z+ .‬ا‪O+4E‬ر ‪ v' > v‬ذا ‪ \+D+1‬؟ ‪% J#‬ا ‪.‬‬

‫‪   (II‬ا ء ا ‪6) :‬ن(‬

‫‪1 (1‬د " ‪ :‬ا‪3‬ء ا ‪ "!'. )# f‬ز‪ B54 " %%‬ا('ا‪ " 4‬ا‪ ،RX#!e ، JO‬او" ورود ‪"ee 9%1. iO = 30°‬‬
‫?‪ F‬ا?" ‪ : D = 50cm‬ا‪ Z%‬ا‪+‬ي *'!" ا‪ ) " %%‬ا‪ A4‬ا‪.(JO‬‬
‫‪ J! n F4‬ا‪4‬ر ا‪%‬ج و‪ J! F'!4‬ا‪4‬ر ا‪X‬اء‪. n air = 1 :‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (1-1‬اآ‪ ".c# h+‬درت ‪4E‬ر ا‪3‬ء ?‪ F‬ا‪. I "'*D‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (2-1‬ذا ‪!O J5‬ع ?‪ F‬ا‪ J "'*D‬؟ ذا ؟‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ YP :  (3-1‬أر‪1‬ب ‪ "'*4‬ا>'‪9‬ام ا‪!O‬ع ا‪ V dT,D‬ا‪ )# "eO‬ار ‪  OY‬ا!‪ i ، D ، . YP : ".c‬؟‬
‫‪b‬‬
‫‪ # (4-1‬أن !‪ J‬ا‪4E‬ر دا" ‪D1‬ز " 'ل ا‪ ، "%‬وذ ‪ ".c! !,1‬آ‪ a) n(λ ) = a + 2 Fe‬و ‪.(: +,% : ++ ] b‬‬
‫‪λ‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫أ( ذا ‪O4‬ه‪ )# 9‬ا‪ "eO‬؟ ‪% J#‬ا ‪.‬‬
‫ب( أو‪ " . 9%‬ااو" ‪!ej ",D i‬ع ا ] ا(‪ J! \+D+‬ا‪4‬ر ا‪%‬ج ‪;X ",D‬ا ا‪!ek‬ع‪ .0,75) .‬ن(‬
‫ج ( أو‪ " . 9%‬ااو" ‪!ej ",D i‬ع ا‪ ] FCD,‬ا(‪ J! \+D+‬ا‪4‬ر ا‪%‬ج ‪;X ",D‬ا ا‪!ek‬ع‪ .0,75) .‬ن(‬
‫‪Yviolet= 17,3cm‬‬ ‫‪ F'!4‬ا‪E‬ر‪: : 1‬‬
‫‪Yrouge= 17,5cm‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ :( 2‬أ‪ 2 l '. 991 J%‬ر? ‪!4 V‬ض ?‪ F‬ا‪ " C+‬ا *" " ا‪3‬ء ا ‪3 V,D f‬ء ا‪m‬زر ‪M‬ل ‪ λ Z+%‬و‪!4‬ض ا*'!"‬
‫ا‪ n> "+? Z 9%1 % " %%‬ة ‪. 2,3 J .aXL#‬‬

‫‪(1) Je‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪  (1-2‬اق ‪ " :‬ا‪m‬زر و" ا‪3‬ء ا ‪f‬؟‬
‫‪ (2-2‬ا‪ J*4‬ا‪ (1) JO‬وأ‪ 1‬ر ا‪ "!e‬ا‪ " a3‬ا‪ : "*T,D‬ا‪ ، dO‬وأ‪ 2#‬ا( ا‪A‬هة ا‪,1 F+‬زه ه;‪ N‬ا‪ .0,5) . " C+‬ن(‬
‫‪# < *4‬ض ا‪ "!*,‬ا‪#  . B+= ",D " a3‬ض ا‪a "+‬‬

‫‪ a‬ذا ‪\+D+1‬؟ )‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (3-2‬آ ‪#  n+ B‬ض ا‪o.D+ 9D# "!*,‬‬
‫‪ .0,5) . a "E9 L‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (4-2‬ار( ‪ )#‬ا] *" ا‪ " +‬ا‪ )DD‬ا;ي ‪ n1 JT‬ات‬

‫‪!4 9D#‬ض ا‪ 2 = dO‬ا? ‪ ، V‬ن ‪#‬ض ا‪ "!*,‬اآ" ‪. a ' = 5,5cm‬‬
‫‪9(5-2‬د ا*' ‪ 2 = d1‬ا? ‪ V‬ا‪ .0,5) . J!+‬ن(‬

‫‪2‬‬
 ‫‪  (III‬اء ) ‪ 7‬ن(‪.‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪4(1‬ج ‪ : v1 = 100cm 3 C‬ل ‪  S1‬دور ا‪ (1,‬م ) ‪ ( K + I‬ذي ‪1‬آ  ‪ c1 = 0,2mol / L : F‬و ‪v 2 = 100cm‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫) ‪( aq‬‬ ‫) ‪( aq‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪ :‬ل ‪ , S 2‬وآ]‪ F4‬آ‪+,‬ت ا‪ (1,‬م ) ‪ (2 K + + S 2 O8‬ذي ‪1‬آ  ‪ 9D# ، c 2 = 0,12mol / L F‬ا‪. t = 0 "A‬‬
‫) ‪( aq‬‬ ‫) ‪( aq‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪. S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪(1 -1‬ا‪ h‬آ " ادة ا‪ I − : J " a9,‬و ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪( aq‬‬ ‫) ‪(aq‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ ( 2 -1‬ا(‪ \+D+‬ا‪+‬آ  ا‪ [ I − ]0 Fa9,‬و ‪ F? [ S 2 O8 ] 0‬ا= ‪. 2‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪. S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪ J#+1 (2‬أ‪4‬ت ا دور ‪ V I −‬أ‪4‬ت وآ ]‪ F4‬آ‪+,‬ت‬
‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪. S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪/ S O4‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ (1-2‬اآ‪ h+‬ا!د" ا‪+‬از‪ J#+ "4‬ا>‪ F'!4 . J‬اود‪I 2 / I − : +%‬‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪cl (2- 2‬ل ه;ا ا‪  J#+‬ا‪D‬ع ا;ي !‪ h‬دور ا‪p‬آ‪ 9‬و ا‪D‬ع ا;ي !‪ h‬دور ا=‪+‬ل ؟‬
‫)‪ .0,25‬ن(‬ ‫‪  (3-2‬ان ا;ي   ]‪ FaD‬ا د ا‪ :# \1D‬ه;ا ا‪J#+‬؟‬
‫‪ (4-2‬ار( ‪9%‬ول ‪9*1‬م ه;ا ا‪ .0,75) . J#+‬ن(‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪9(5-2‬د ‪ " .‬ا‪9*+‬م ا‪;X )5.‬ا ا‪ . J#+‬وا(‪1 \+D+‬آ ‪ h‬ا= ‪ "X4 9D# 2‬ا‪.J#+‬‬
‫‪ (3‬و‪'1 V,++‬ر ا‪ B+= F? "D # ZD ;lq4 J#+‬ا‪A‬ت ‪ v = 10cm 3 XC‬و‪n4‬ه ?‪ F‬اء ا‪,‬رد ] ‪I 2 FaD] !4‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫ا‪+‬ن ا('" ل ‪ + Fa‬آ‪+,‬ت ا‪5‬دم ا د ) ‪ (2 Na + + S 2 O3‬ذي ‪1‬آ  ‪. c r = 0,1mol / L F‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪ S 4 O6‬وادو‪ .0,5) . I 2 / I − :"%‬ن(‬ ‫‪/ S 2 O3‬‬ ‫‪ (1-3‬اآ‪! h+‬د" ا‪ J#+‬ا>‪cl J‬ل ا!ة ‪ F'!4 .‬ادو‪:"%‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪  (2- 3‬ا‪9‬ور ا;ي !‪ Z+,‬أ‪4‬ت ] آ‪+,‬ت ‪cl S 2 O3‬ل ه;ا ا‪J#+‬؟و دور اء ا‪,‬رد؟‬
‫ه ‪ C‬ل ] آ‪+,‬ت ا‪5‬دم ا‪3‬ف ‪ 9D#‬ا‪، p?+‬اآ‪ ".c# h+‬ا‪ p?+‬ا‪ 2 1 F+‬آ " دة‬ ‫‪ (3-3‬إذا آن ‪v r‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫)‪ .0,25‬ن(‬ ‫‪ S 2 O3‬وآ " دة ‪. I 2‬‬
‫)‪ .0,25‬ن(‬ ‫‪ : (4-3‬أن ‪[ I 2 ] = 5.v r :‬‬
‫‪ F'!(4‬ا‪9C‬ول ا‪ n1 F+‬ات ا‪ "E9 v r C‬ا‪: :‬‬
‫‪59‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪4,5 0‬‬ ‫)‪t (mn‬‬
‫‪9,2 8,4 7,4‬‬ ‫‪6,9 6,1‬‬ ‫‪5,6‬‬ ‫‪4,8‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2,4 1,8 0‬‬ ‫) ‪v r (cm 3‬‬
‫‪[ I 2 ]m.mol / L‬‬
‫‪ 9! (1-4‬إ‪1‬م ‪J‬ء ا‪9C‬ول ‪ n1  4 , JT‬ات ] ‪ "E9 [ I 2‬ا‪ :  . :‬ا?‪5‬ل ‪1cm − − − −− > 10mn :‬‬
‫)‪ .1‬ن(‬ ‫‪. 1cm − −− > 10m.mol / L‬‬ ‫ار‪1‬ب ‪:‬‬
‫)‪ .0,5‬ن(‬ ‫‪ (3-4‬ﺃﻋﻁ ﺘﻌﺭﻴﻑ ﺯﻤﻥ ﻨﺼﻑ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺜﻡ ﺤﺩﺩ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﻤﺒﻴﺎﻨﻴﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (4-4‬ﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺍﻝﻤﻌﺎﻴﺭﺓ ﻜﻠﻲ ﻭ ﺴﺭﻴﻊ ﺒﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺍﻷﻭل ﺒﻁﻲﺀ ﻭﻜﻠﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻜﻴﻑ ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺴﺭﻋﺘﻪ ؟ ‪ .0,5) .‬ن(‬

‫ا‪& 5+‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 (‫ن‬7) : ‫(  ا ء ا ول‬I
.‫ر‬O+4E‫ ا‬NC1‫) ا‬# ‫دي‬# ZO+‫ ا‬NC1‫" ن ا‬L!+ "%‫( ا‬1
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

υ = υ e = 50 Hz .‫دد‬+‫⇐ ا‬ " ‫ا‬+‫" ا‬% ‫هي‬A‫ ا‬B. +‫ ا‬d*+ 9D# (2

d 3,2cm
λ=
= = 0,8cm : "%‫ل ا‬M
4 4
v = λ .υ = 0,8.10 −2 m.50 Hz = 0,4m / s :‫ر‬O+4E‫" ا‬#(
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

0,8cm JT1 ‫م‬4 : ‫إذن‬. ‫  !ت‬4 :‫ ب‬JO‫) ا‬# JT λ "%‫ل ا‬M (1-3 (3
0,2cm : JT V ‫ا‬1 : ‫ ه‬JO‫ ا‬F? J!+‫ن ا ا‬t? : ZD‫و‬

SM = 2,5λ = 2,5.(0,8) = 2cm (2-3

........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

SM 2.10 −2 m
t1 = = = 0,05s = 50ms. (3- 3
v 0,4m / s
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

t2
: J>‫ " ا‬. ‫د‬94 t 2 = 10ms "A‫ ا‬F? ‫ ('& اء‬V'* XA J T1 J%‫ أ‬: (4-3
.
T
t 2 10 1 1 1
= = ⇐ T= = = 0,02 s = 20ms : ‫! أن‬4
T 20 2 υ 50 Hz
: F ‫ آ‬X? ، "A‫ ا‬N;‫ ه‬F? ‫ ('& اء‬XA V'‫ ا‬: .c'4‫ ا‬JT4 ] ، ‫ور‬9‫ ا‬B54 JT1 "A‫ ا‬N;‫& ان ه‬3+ ; ‫و‬
T
t2 = ⇐
2

t 2 = 0,5T
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................
16mm SM 1
"?‫ ا'ر ن ا‬F? d?‫ا‬1 )# ‫ان‬+X1 M 1 ‫ و‬S ⇐ SM 1 = 2λ =2 ⇐
(5-3 =
λ 8mm
.( k = 2 V SM 1 = k.λ ) "%‫دا >  'ل ا‬9# ‫وي‬1 XD
........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
SM 2 12mm
. ‫ ا'ر‬F? d?‫ا‬1 )# ‫ان‬+X1E M 2 ‫ و‬S ⇐ SM 2 = 1,5λ ⇐ = = 1,5 (6-3
λ 8mm
λ SM 2 12mm
"?‫ ا'ر ن ا‬F? <‫!آ‬1 )# ‫ان‬+X1 M 2 ‫ و‬S ⇐ SM 2 = 3 ⇐ = =3
2 λ 4mm
2
λ
k'= 1 ⇐ 2k '+1 = 3 V( SM 2 = ( 2k '+1). "%‫ل ا‬M B5D ‫دا ?د‬9# ‫وي‬1 XD
2
. S V <‫!آ‬1 )# M 2 : ‫ى‬l‫" ا‬X% :‫ و‬S V d?‫ا‬1 )# M 1 : D9
.‫ ا'ر‬F? <‫!آ‬1 )# ‫ان‬+X1 M 2 ‫ و‬M 1 : ‫\ أن‬+D+4 ZD‫و‬
........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.‫ ا'ر‬F? <‫!آ‬1 )# ‫ان‬+X1 M 2 ‫ و‬M 1 (7-3
2mm ‫ ه‬، M 2 "'*D‫ ا‬VL ‫ن‬. X4( VL ‫ ?ق‬2mm "? )# M 1 "'*D‫ ا‬X ? 9%1 F+‫ ا‬t "A ‫ ا‬F?
. y 2 = −2mm : "A‫< ا‬4 F? M 2 "'+(‫ن ا‬1 y1 = +2mm : F‫ ه‬M 1 "'+(‫ ا‬v4‫ى إذا آ‬l‫" أ‬n 5 ‫أو‬. X4( VL v1

4
 ........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
"‫ه‬w "‫ آ‬9‫ه‬O4 (" ‫ا‬+‫" ا‬%‫دد ا‬1 :4 J * ,‫) أآ‬υ e = 51Hz ‫دد‬+‫) ا‬# " a3‫ت ا‬3‫دد ا‬1 2,L 9D# (8-3
:
.<‫) ا!آ‬D‫ ا‬F? " ‫ا‬+‫" ا‬% "y '
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

a≤λ
: "+‫ض ا‬# ‫هة ا د إذا آن‬w )# J54 (4
λ = 0,8cm = 8mm
.‫) ا د‬# J54 a1 < λ ⇐ a1 = 0,3cm = 3mm : )‫* ا" او‬
.‫) ا د‬# J54 E a 2 > λ ⇐ a 2 = 1cm = 10mm :" 4T‫* ا" ا‬
:(JO‫ ا‬A4‫) ا‬.‫) ('& اء‬# "  4 ‫ت ا‬%‫  د ا‬:F‫ه‬:" C+‫ ا‬N;‫زه ه‬,1 F+‫هة ا‬A‫ا‬

........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

.V,D‫دد ا‬+ d!+1 "%‫ر ا‬O+4‫" ا‬#( ‫د ن‬9, 2(‫\ أن اء و‬+D+4 v' > v ‫ر‬O+4E‫" ا‬#( &,51 υ ' > υ 9D# (5
(‫ن‬6) : ‫(   ا ء ا‬II
( 1) sin io = n sin i . I "'*D‫ ا‬F? ‫ء‬3‫ر ا‬4E ‫" درت‬.c# (1-1 (1
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

.FAD Z4 J "'*D‫ ا‬F? ‫!ع‬O‫ ا‬D E (2-1

........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

YP
tg (i ) = (-3-1
D
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

b
n (λ ) = a + Fe‫" آ‬.c! !,1 ‫ وذ‬، "%‫ز " 'ل ا‬D1 "‫ر دا‬4E‫ ا‬J! ‫( أ(  أن‬4-1
λ2
.f ‫ء ا‬3‫د ا‬9,1 )# J5D? lm‫ ا‬:# B+=1 "‫ او‬D ‫!ع أدي ان (ف‬e‫ إ‬J‫ن آ‬t?
.f ‫ء ا‬3‫ ا‬B M "eO‫) ا‬# 9‫ه‬O4‫و‬
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

YR 17,5cm
iV = 19,3° ⇐ tgi R = = = 0,35 (‫ب‬
D 50cm
sin io = n R sin i R : ‫!ع ا‬ec ",D ‫ج‬%‫ر ا‬4‫ ا‬J! )# J54 (1) ".c!‫ ا‬F? f!+
sin iO sin 30
= = 1,51 nR =
sin i R sin 19,3
Y 17,3cm
iV = 19° ⇐ tgiV = V = = 0,346 (‫ج‬
D 50cm
sin io = nV sin iV : FCD,‫!ع ا‬ec ",D ‫ج‬%‫ر ا‬4‫ ا‬J! )# J54 (1) ".c!‫ ا‬F? f!+
sin iO sin 30
nV = = = 1,53
sin iV sin 19
........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
.‫زر أدي ان‬m‫ء ا‬L D ‫د اان‬9!+ f ‫ء ا‬3‫( ا‬1-2
........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
. (JO‫ ا‬A4‫) ا‬dO‫ ا‬: "*T,D‫ " ا‬a3‫!" ا‬e‫( ر ا‬2-2

5
 F‫ وه‬V,D‫ آ‬dO‫ف ا‬5+
. " a3‫ت ا‬%‫هة  د ا‬w F‫ " ه‬C+‫ ا‬N;‫زه ه‬,1 F+‫هة ا‬A‫ا‬
........................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................
‫" آ‬X ‫ن‬1 " a3‫ت ا‬%‫هة  د ا‬w ‫\ أن‬+D+4 ZD‫*!" اآ" و‬,‫ض ا‬# ,‫ ا آ آ‬n> dO‫ض ا‬# ‫(آ آن‬3-2
. ‫ ا‬n> dO‫ض ا‬#
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

.a "E9 L ‫ ات‬n1 JT ‫) ا;ي‬DD‫( ا‬4-2

........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

. a ' = 5,5cm "‫*!" اآ‬,‫ض ا‬# ‫ ن‬، V ?‫ ا‬2 = dO‫!ض ا‬4 9D#(2-5
. d1 = 55µm . J!+‫ ا‬V ?‫ ا‬2 = d1 '*‫  ا‬4 , ‫د‬94
■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
■■■
.(‫ ن‬7 ) ‫(  اء‬III
−
: I ، " a9,‫ت ا دور ا‬4‫( آ " دة أ‬1-1 (1
−
nO ( I ) = c1 .v1 = 0,2mol / L.(0,1L) = 0,02mol
2−
: " a9,‫ ا‬S 2 O8 ‫آ " دة‬
2−
nO ( S 2 O8 ) = c 2 .v 2 = 0,12mol / L.(0,1L) = 0,012mol
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

. 2 =‫ ا‬F? [ S 2 O8 2 − ] 0 ‫ [ و‬I − ] 0 Fa9,‫آ  ا‬+‫ ( ا‬2 -1

2−
2− nO ( S 2 O8 ) 0,012 mol
[ S 2 O8 ] 0 = = = 0,06 mol / L
V1 + V2 0, 2 L
nO ( I − ) 0,02mol
[ I − ]0 = = = 0,1mol / L
V1 + V2 0,2 L
........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................

6
 ‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪. S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪/ S O4‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪ h+D 1-2‬ا!د" ا‪+‬از‪ J#+ "4‬ا>‪ F'!4 . J‬اود‪I 2 / I − : : +%‬‬
‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫→ ‪2I −‬‬ ‫‪I2‬‬ ‫‪+ 2 S 2 O 4 2−‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪cl (2- 2‬ل ه;ا ا‪  J#+‬ا‪D‬ع ا;ي !‪ h‬دور ا‪p‬آ‪ 9‬ه‪:‬‬
‫‪.I−‬‬ ‫ا‪D‬ع ا;ي !‪ h‬دور ا=‪+‬ل‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ (3-2‬ان ا;ي   ]‪ FaD‬ا د ا‪ :# \1D‬ه;ا ا‪ J#+‬ه ان ا‪.FD,‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪9% (4-2‬ول ‪9*1‬م ه;ا ا‪. J#+‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪2I‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫‪2 S 2 O4‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪I2‬‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ‪mol‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫‪0,012‬‬ ‫‪0,02‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫‪0‬‬
‫‪0,012 − x‬‬ ‫‪0,02 − 2 x‬‬ ‫‪2x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪t‬‬

‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪x max = 0,012mol = 12m.mol‬‬ ‫⇐‬ ‫‪0,012 − x max = 0‬‬ ‫‪ *(4-2‬إذا ‪ S 2 O8 2−‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﶈﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫آن‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪x max = 0,01mol = 10m.mol‬‬ ‫⇐‬ ‫‪0,02 − 2 x max = 0‬‬ ‫* إذا آن ‪ I‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﶈﺪ ‪.‬‬
‫و  أن ا‪ J#+‬ا‪ 9‬ا?‪ d‬أ>‪ " . n‬ل‪t? x max :‬ن ا‪ J#+‬ا‪ 9‬ه ‪ I − :‬ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻻﻗﺼﻰ ﻫﻮ ‪x max = 10m.mol :‬‬

‫و‪t? ZD‬ن ‪1‬آ ‪ h‬ا= ‪ "X4 9D# 2‬ا‪ J#+‬ه ‪:‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪S 2 O8‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪2I‬‬ ‫→‬ ‫‪2 S 2 O4‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪I2‬‬
‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ ﺏ ‪mol‬‬ ‫‪0,002‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0,02‬‬ ‫‪0,01‬‬

‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬ ‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪ S 4 O6‬وادو‪: I 2 / I − :"%‬‬ ‫‪/ S 2 O3‬‬ ‫‪! (1-3 (3‬د" ا‪ J#+‬ا>‪cl J‬ل ا!ة ‪ F'!4 .‬ادو‪:"%‬‬

‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪2−‬‬
‫‪ (2- 3‬أ‪4‬ت ] آ‪+,‬ت ‪ v,!: S 2 O3‬دور ا=‪+‬ل ‪.‬‬
‫دور اء ا‪,‬رد ‪ B .1 .‬ا‪ ) J#+‬ن در‪ "%‬اارة ‪ J#‬آ‪.(F‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪(3-3‬‬

‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
 ‫‪c r .v r‬‬
‫) ‪n( I 2‬‬ ‫‪c .v‬‬ ‫‪0,1mol / L × v r‬‬
‫= ] ‪[I 2‬‬ ‫= ‪= 2 = r r‬‬ ‫‪= 5.v r (4-3‬‬
‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪v‬‬ ‫‪2.v‬‬ ‫‪2.10.10 −3 L‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪(1-4 (4‬‬
‫‪59‬‬ ‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪4,5‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫)‪t (mn‬‬
‫‪9,2‬‬ ‫‪8,4‬‬ ‫‪7,4‬‬ ‫‪6,9‬‬ ‫‪6,1‬‬ ‫‪5,6‬‬ ‫‪4,8‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪2,4‬‬ ‫‪1,8‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫) ‪v r (cm 3‬‬
‫‪46‬‬ ‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪34,5‬‬ ‫‪30,5‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪[ I 2 ]m.mol / L‬‬

‫‪ n1 J T1‬ات ‪ "E9 [ I 2 ] :‬ا‪. :‬‬

‫‪........................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪(3-4‬‬

‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻋﻞ ‪x f = x max = 0,01m.mol‬‬

‫‪x max 0,01‬‬
‫= ) ‪x(t1 / 2‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ‪ t1 / 2 :‬ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ‪= 0,005mol :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻭﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ‪:‬‬
‫‪[I 2 ] = x(t1 / 2 ) = 0,005mol = 0,005mol‬‬
‫‪−3‬‬
‫‪= 0,25mol / L = 25m.mol / L‬‬
‫‪Vs‬‬ ‫‪v + vr‬‬ ‫‪20.10 L‬‬
‫‪t1 / 2 ≈ 22mn‬‬ ‫ﻭﳓﺼﻞ ﻣﺒﻴﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ‪:‬‬
‫‪........................................................................................................................‬‬
‫‪...........................................................................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ (4-4‬ﻴﻤﻜﻥ ﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺴﺭﻋﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﻔﺎﻋل ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺃﺤﺩ ﺍﻝﻌﻭﺍﻤل ﺍﻝﺤﺭﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻝﺘﺎﻝﻴﺔ ‪:‬ﺭﻓﻊ ﺩﺭﺠﺔ ﺍﻝﺤﺭﺍﺭﺓ ﺃﻭﺍﻝﺯﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﻤﻥ ﺘﺭﻜﻴﺯ ﺍﻝﻤﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺃﻭ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺤﻔﺎﺯ ﻤﻨﺎﺴﺏ ‪.‬‬

‫▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒‬

‫أ   ه ا ا‪"#‬ض   ا ‪, .‬ة ه* )('&د ‪18,75 / 20 :‬‬

‫‪Sbiro abdelkrim‬‬
‫‪Lycée agricole oulad –taima région d’Agadir Maroc‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
 Mail : sbiabdou@yahoo.fr
msn : sbiabdou@hotmail.fr
pour toute observation contactez moi