:

:
- : Kind of Data
discrete values

contimous values a continuum

.......
- : level of Measurement
Nominal Data .....
Ordinal Measurement A Percentile
Scale
Interval Data 30
5 3
Ratio Scale )
( A Percentage Scale
- :
One group data

Two group data
Many groups data Multi-group population
- : Variables
univariate

bivariate

 Multi variates






Discrete
Values







:


,
...





:
: Descriptive

: Inferential



:
-1

-2
-3

-4

 :
:
Parametric Statistics Nonparametric Statistics a parameter









....

Normal Distribution







:
-1 " "
-2
-3 Sample variance


:
-1 : The chi-Square Test 2
2
2 ) (observed 2 ) ( 1
= 1 2
2
2
2 Goodness of Fit
-2 : The Mann-Whitney U Test
T-test


-3 : TheWilcoson runk sum test
" "

 ""


-4 : The Spearman Rank Order Correlation
) (Supearman's rho :

-5 - The kilmogorow Smirnow :

2

-6 : The Kruskal Wallis test
) (H


-7 :

) (W 2
: SPSS





-1 One- Way Frequency
: Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion

Independent Variable Dependent Variables
SPSS Descriptive
: Statistics
: FREQUENCIES -

: DESCRIPTIVES -



a continuous value
-401 1000 -501 +1001 :
200- 300 -201 400-301 500 FREQUENCIES

Frequencies :
- Mein

 Median Mode Standard Deviation Analysis of Variance Skewness Kurtosis Range Standard Error FREQUENCIES

-2 Relationship between Two or More

: Categorical Variables






CROSSTABS
Cross robulation


Chi-square

-3 :
Correlate
Linear Relationship

Correlation Coefficient SPSS

Pearson's
Normal Distribution Interval Scale
NOPAR CORR
Ordinal Scale Cross
Tabulation
Kendall rank-order correlation
SPSSPEARSON CORR- NONPAR
CORR

Multivariate

SPSS SCATTEGRAM
Scatter plot Diagram

 Standard error
-4 : Partial Correlation




PARTIAL
PEARSON CORR
PARTIAL CORR
-5 : Multiple Correlation and Regression

Multiple Correlation
Independem Dependem





REGRESSION
Raw Data


-6 : ANOVA
) ( Factors
Interval Scale
Categories


SPSS ANOVA

-7 : Factor Analysis