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WILDLIFE AND CONSERVATION
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WHAT IS WILDLIFE?
Wild flora and fauna
 Or only wild animals


TERMS: WILDLIFE



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All vertebrates
 Spontaneously wild born and naturally lived
 Mammals Avian Reptiles Amphibians and Fish


TERMS: WILDLIFE


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Live in the wild


 Well-adapted domesticated animals that
returned to the wild


TERMS: WILDLIFE

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Wildlife Diversity
At least 4,348 species of vertebrate found in Thailand
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4,500
8,600
6,000
3,000
18,000


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ZOOGEOGRAPHY

WALLACES LINE

NEARCTIC

NEOTROPICAL

ETHIOPIAN

AUSTRALASIAN

ORIENTAL

IUCN, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the


world find
pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development
challenges

www.iucnredlist.o
rg

Extinct
Extinct in the
wild
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Vulnerable
Near threatened
Least concern

www.iucn.or
g

EXTICTION (EX)

The dodo, a bird of Mauritius,


became extinct during the
mid-late seventeenth century.

The Golden Toad of Costa Rica, extinct since around


1989.

Between 1500 and 2009, 875


extinctions have been documented.
During the 20th century, between 20,000
and two million species actually became
extinct.

Up to 140,000 species per year

The Passenger Pigeon, one


of hundreds of species of
extinct birds.

EX

the last remaining member of


the species has died, or is
presumed beyond reasonable
doubt to have died. Examples:
Javan Tiger, Thylacine, Dodo,
Passenger Pigeon, Caribbean
Monk Seal, Dimetrodon,
Aurochs, Dusky Seaside
Sparrow

Tige
r

The Bali Tiger was declared extinct in 1937


due to hunting and habitat loss.

EXTINCT IN THE WILD (EW)


Alal or Hawaiian Crow

Brow-antlered
deer or Elds deer
Extinct in Thailand

Reintroduction

EW

captive individuals
survive, but there is no
free-living, natural
population. Examples:
Alagoas Curassow,
Dromedary

CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR)


The black-and-white ruffed
lemur

The Burmese star tortoise

CR
faces an extremely high
risk of extinction in the
immediate future.
Examples: Mountain
Gorilla, Arakan Forest
Turtle, Darwin's Fox,
Javan Rhino, Brazilian
Merganser, Gharial,
Vaquita

ENDANGERED (EN)

The Siberian tiger


The Philippines eagle
The dhole

Captive breeding programs

EN

faces a very high risk of extinction in


the near future. Examples: Dhole,
Blue Whale, Bonobo, Ethiopian wolf,
Giant Panda, Snow Leopard, African
Wild Dog, Tiger, Indian Rhinoceros,
three species of Albatrosses, Crowned
Solitary Eagle, Philippine Eagle,
Markhor, Orangutan, Grevy's zebra,
Tasmanian Devil,

VULNERABLE (VU)

Gaur

Komodo dragon

VU

faces a high risk of extinction in the


medium-term. Examples: Cheetah,
Gaur, Lion, Sloth Bear, Manatee,
Polar Bear, African Golden Cat,
Komodo dragon, Golden hamster

CONSERVATION DEPENDENT

The following animals are not severely threatened,


but must depend on conservation programs.
Examples: Spotted Hyena, Blanford's fox, Leopard
Shark, Black Caiman, Killer whale

NEAR THREATENED (NT)

European otter

Maned wolf

NT

may be considered threatened in the near future.


Examples: Blue-billed Duck, Solitary Eagle, Smallclawed Otter, Maned Wolf, Tiger Shark, Okapi

LEAST CONCERN (LC)

LC

Least concern: no immediate


threat to the survival of the
species. Examples: Nootka
Cypress, Wood Pigeon, Whitetailed Mongoose, House Mouse,
Wolverine

CITES

www.cites.org

APPENDIX I
800 Spp.
 Extinction are/may be affected by trade.
 Trade is illegal (except licensed circumstances)
 Red panda, Gorilla, Chimp, Tiger, Asiatic lion, Leopard,
Jaguar, Cheetah, Asian and African elephants, Dugong,
Manatee, Asian rhinos


APPENDIX II
32,500 spp.
 Not necessarily threatened with extinction.
 Become so unless strict regulate.
 Annual basis
 Am. Black bear, Green iguana, Hartmanns
mountain zebra


APPENDIX III
Listed after member country requested.
 Not threatened with extiction globally.
 Two-toed sloth (Costa Rica), Alligator snapping
turtle (USA), Buffalo (Nepal), Hill myna
(Thailand)


CONSERVATION STATUS OF WILDLIFE IN THAILAND


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Extinct (EX)
 Schomburgks deer (Cervus schomburgki)


EXTICT IN THE WILD (EW)


Kouprey Bos souveli
 Javan Rhino Rhinoceros sondaicus
 Brow-antlered Deer Cervus eldi


CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR)


Banteng Bos javanicus
 Goral Naemorrhaedus griseus
 Jungle Cat Felis chaus
 Asian Tri-coloured Squirrel Callosciurus prevostii


ENDANGERED (EN)
Pileated gibbon Hylobates pileatus
 Asian elephant Elephas maximus
 Wild buffalo Bubalus arnee
 Malayan tapir Tapirus indicus
 Feas muntjak Muntiacus feae


VUNERABLE (VU)
Indochinese tiger Panthera tigris
 Leopard Panthera pardus
 Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus
 Dhole Cuon alpinus
 Gaur Bos gaurus


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ClassMammalia
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ClassMammalia
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Rucervus schomburgki

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Taxonomy
Order Artiodactyla
Family Bovidae
Capricornis sumatraensis

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CITES (2005) : Appendix I




Goral

Taxonomy
Order Artiodactyla
Family Bovidae
Naemorhedus griseus

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CITES (2005) : Appendix I

Taxonomy


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Gurneys Pitta

Order Passeriformes
Family Pittidae
Pitta gurneyi

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IUCN (2004) : Critieally Endangerd
IUCN (2008) : Endangerd
CITES (2005) : Appendix I

 ( 
Eastern Sarus Crane

Taxonomy
Order Gruiformes
Family Gruidae
Grus antigone

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Malayan Tapir

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Feas Muntjak

Dugong

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Class Aves
Order Passeriformes
Family Hirudinidae
Eurochelidon siritarae

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Class Mammalia
Order Perissodactyla
Family Rhinocerotidae
Rhinoceros sondaicus

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ClassMammalia
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Dicerorhinus
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Bos seuveli

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ClassMammalia
Order
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Cervus eldi

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ClassMammalia
Order
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Rucervus schomburgki



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Sumatran Serow

Class Mammalia
Order Artiodactyla
Family Bovidae
Capricornis sumatraensis

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Class Mammalia
Order Artiodactyla
Family Bovidae
Naemorhedus griseus

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###6/

Gurneys Pitta

Class Aves
Order Passeriformes
Family Pittidae
Pitta gurneyi

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Eastern Sarus Crane

Class Aves
Order Gruiformes
Family Gruidae
Grus antigone

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Marbled Cat

Class Mammalia
Order Carnivora
Family Felidae
Felis marmorata

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Class Mammalia
Order Perissodactyla
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Tapirus indicus

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Class Mammalia
Order Artiodactyla
Family Cervidae
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Class Mammalia
Order Sirenia
Family Dugongidae
Dugong dugon

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USEFULNESS
Biological value
 Commercial value
 Recreational value
 Esthetic value
 Scientific value
 Social value


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tusk

hide

THREATS

Genetic effects
Habitat loss and
fragmentation
Introduced and invasive spp.
Pollution
Overharvest
Global climate change
Synergistic effect

THREATS
Habitat destruction
 Habitat fragmentation
 Population isolation
 Habitat degradation


THREATS


Uncontrolled hunting

THREATS


Introduced species

THREATS


Environmental contamination


 
      


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