You are on page 1of 73

.

2010


1.
2.

3.

4.

5.

....................................................

.......................................................


..............
.
...............................
.
............................................................
.
..............
.
...............................................
. ..................

.
. .....
.
..........................
() ..............
() :
,

..........................................................
()
..........................
. 3845/2010 ...................................................................
.
..........................................

.
9
13

20

21

27

28

32
35

36
36

38
40
48

51

53

53

6.

--
.......................... 57
.
....................................................................... 58
. . 3845/2010
.......................................................... 60
.

................................................................ 61


.................................................. 64

,
, ,
.
,

, ,
.
( ,
-


-
)
, ,
,
, , ,
. : ,
5


, ,
. , ,
, , . , ,
:
.
,
,
, ,
, . . , ,
, , (),
(Machiavelli), .

.

,

. , ,
,
, ,
.


.


6

,
, , .

. ,

.
: , , ,
, , -
, , , . , , ,
, ,
, . ,

.
, 2010

1.


3 2010 8
2010
( : ) -
( : ),
10 2010
-
.
: ) -
8.5.2010, 80.000.000.000 (

), ( : ) )

- 3.5.2010 ( ),
: ( : ), ( : )
( : ) 3)
(), 10
2010

( :
). : )
. 1, , . 2, , . 3, , .
4, (
9

,
( : ), . 5, euribor, . 6, .
7, (
- ). : . 1, ( ), . 2,
, . 3,
, . 4,
. 5, .
,
3.6.2010 , ( : ).
3.5.2010 ,
, ()
8.5.20101, -

1 . , (6), (7) (8), . .


,
(. . , , , 3 , - 2004, . 153 ., 155.

10

,
. , , ,
,
( ).


,
( 109 ) .
3845/2010 ( 65/6.5.2010) :
.
,
,
,
, .
:
, : ,
25 2010
:
, , 11 2010
: - , 3 2010.
V : : , 3 2010. V
: 1. 11

, 2.
3. . 1-3 . 3845/1010,


( . )
- . (. V)
,
, , .
4 .
3845/2010, :
, , , , - , ,
.
,
, .
.
. 3845/2010,

,
4 . 3845/2010 . 3847/2010 ( 67/11.5.2010), ,
9, : , . 12

. , 15
, , (. ),
, ,
,
, , . , ,
, , , , 3.6.2010
,
. , ,


. ,
,
.
. 3845/2010 ,
-
,
, .
2.
( 36 1), 13



.
. 36 2 :
, ,
,
, , ,
,
.
2, , ( )
.
,
,

, 36 1

, ,
, . , , , , , . ,

2. ,

. . , .., . 147 .

14

, . , ,
, 36 2 ,

. , ,
3, ,

,

,

. , ,
, ( ). ,

36 2 , . , : ,
, ( , ..). ,
, -

15

4. ,
15 ,
, ,

: ,
4 (1) () ,

. , , , 15 ,
,
. ,
,
. , . ,
.
, , 36 2 , 28 1 .


.
36 2 28
1 . , , , , ,
36 2 . ,
28 1 2 ,
. . /. /. /. , , -, 1988, . 121 , . .
, .., . 149 .

16

, . ,
36 2 .
,
, 36 2,
, , ,
, ,
28 1 unoactu
,
, .
28 2 :
,
, ,
.

. ( , )
( )
. : (1)
, (), ,
, (
26 2, 82, 83, 43, 44 101 . ), (2) , ( 26 1
. 64 73 . 42 ) (3)
, ( 26 3
87 .). (,
17

), .
, , , , ,
, , (
). ,
, ,
.
: , 3 (4) (5), 4 10,
:
1) ( , , V),
,
,
2) ( 1-7 ,
),
,
( ). , : ()

, , , ( , , ) () ,
18


, ().
,
.
: [.
, 1 (vi), 3 (i)], ,
.
,
. , , ,
14 (1) , , .
, , , 14 (2) (3)
.
. ,
, 28 2 .
36 2 28 1 2, ,
19


, (unoactu) .
, , ,
, . , , ,

, 9 . 3847/2010,
. , ,
, , . :
,
.
.
3.


(,
)
, - .

20

. 3845/2010.
11.4.2010,
, , 23.4.2010,
-

. ,
, .
,
,
,
,

. , , ,
, ,

. , ,
,

, . :

. .- 14 (5)

21

,

, () : ,
, , , . : ,
, , ,
5.

5 :
, ,
, , , ,
, , ,
. :
( :
are immune on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise), , .

22

,
, expressis verbis
. , ,
: ( : to the extent
not prohibited by mandatory law). , , , .
6. ,
. jus cogens7,

6
.
. ,
. ,
.
7 ( ) peremptory impratif
jus cogens . .
, . ., , ..,
. 239 . . 366.

23


14 (5) .
, ,

(. 4),
:
(are immune
on the grounds of sovereignty or otherwise),
, . , ;
,
.
, , , ,


. ,
.. , ,
, .

:


. 24


8. , ,
, ,
.

, : , . ,
.
,

, .
,
, , ,
(. ). ,


, . , ,
, ,

. :
, . , 2003,
. 2717 .
8

25

,
, .
, , ,
,
.
, , ,

jus cogens.
,

(juscogens),
- -, , ,

, , ,
, . , , , 14 (5)

19699. , ,

4 2 :


-

26

,
,
.

. .- 2 (3) 13
, , , ,

, , ,
, .
,
, ,
, .
, .

. 52
: ,
. 53
: .
, .
, .., 96 97, .

27

.
.- 3 (4) ()

,

, 4. 3 (5) ()
, , ,
. , , , , . , 4 (1) () ,

,
: (...) 3 (4) ()
(sic).
4 ,
,
( ,
, ,
) ,

, ,

.
,
: ()
28

,
: (i) (...) (ii)

() , ,
. ,
,

() ,
, ,
() ,
.
, , , ,
, ,
:
() : ()

,
(!)
29


,
4 , (
) , ,
, ,
.
. : . ,
. , , ,
,
, ,
,
. , , ;
() - ,
, ,
,
,

,
.
30

() ,

,
,
, ,
, , ,

. ,

, , . ,
,
.
() ,
, ,
, ,
, ,


.
()
, ,
, , ,
.
31

.
.- 6 (6) ()-() ,

: ,
,

. , ,
10.

, ,

10 : 6 (6) (),

,
(.. )
,
( ) . 6 (6) ():



,
,
( ) .

32

(, : ) . , , ,
8 (1) () , /
,
11.
, , , ,
, 11 (1) :

, , ,
, , -

- 8 (1) () :
( ) (
) ,
/
, , : () ()
.
11

33

12. ,
,
.
,

, :
() , , , , , ,
,

, , .
, ,
,

11 (1) :
,
, ,
.
,
.
12

34

. , , ,
.
()
.
,
. ,
,
,
6 (6) ()-(),
.
,
,

.
() ,
(, ),
, , ,
,
,

.
. .- ,
35

, ,
,
, .
,
, , ,
, , ,
in globo. ,
, .
4.

. .-
, ,
, , ,

()
(). 6 1 ,
,
6 2
. , 6 3
,


36

-
. ,
, , 52 ,
.
, , ,

. ,
, -
,
, ,
. , , ,

.
,
, , , 13.

13 ,
, . : . , , 1/2006, . 5 .

37

. .- ,
,
,

, , .

. , , , , , , , 1 3, ,
1 (i), 2 (i) (ii), 6 (i) ..
,

, : , , , .
Holy Monasteries v. Greece
9.12.199414,

. 64 65 39-43 . 1770/1987 1811/1988: 64. The


Government relied on the fact that none of the applicant monasteries had to

14

38

,
, .
,
,

, , .

,
, , . ,
,
,
, .

date transferred the property in issue to the State and no administrative eviction order had been served on any of the monasteries, as the decree which
was to lay down the detailed arrangements for implementing sections 3 and
4 (section 4(9) of the Law) had still not been issued....65.... The fact that no
administrative eviction order has yet been issued is no guarantee that none
will be issued in the future, particularly in view of the circulars of 5 January
and 20 February 1989 (see paragraph 39 above), which are still in force, and
of the administrative authorities attitude (see paragraph 43 above) after the
agreement was concluded.

39

. , ,

,
. ,
.
() .-
, ,
. ,
, , , ,

.
, ,
, , , , ,
,


. :
,
. ,
40

()15, ,
: 1
(/).
: 17
. 17 - ,
17 1 2 ,

.

...16.

1 /. ,

. , : Marckx Case-1978, Case of Sporrong and
Lnnroth-1981, Case James and Others-1986 Case of Lithgow-1986.
, . Case of Azinas v. Cyprus , 1202 Case of
Kondrashina v. Russiam 2007 . , 2008
. , 2009.
16 17 -
.
15

41

:
Hauer (13 1979, . 1979, . 3527),
,
17 , 1
/: 52, 3,

.
, ,
. ., ,
1 /, 17

17 - , ,
, 17.
,

, , :

17 40/1998

1 /. .
. , 47(1999), . 4 .
, - 2000 , . 175 .

42

,

(, ,
13 14 .), , , , (, , 13 14 ,
.). , ,
, , : ,
,
..

, ,
, ,
(ratio legis) ,
, .
.

.
,

. ,
, , , ,
: 43

,
1 / 17 1 , ,
.
17 2 , ,
,
, , ,
. , ,
, , ,
105 106 .
, , ,
17 2, .

,

. ,

( ) .

. , ,

, , 44

.
, , ,
.
, , ( ) . , ,
, . ()
1 /, 17 1 .
17 2 . . , ,
,

18. .

18 1, . / ( ):

. 17 1 . :
,
. .
, 17:
( 1 /), , 52, 3

.
, , 17 1: , (
.).

45

, , : ,
, ,
..19 , , .
, , ,
( ),
1 / . 4 5
. , : ,

,
(, ) ,
4


.

, , . , ,
.
19

46

5 , : ( - )
( ). , , ,

( ) ,
4 5 , , ,
.
,
,
.
, , , .
,

, , ,
,
.

4 5
25 1 . ,
,
.
47

() :
, .-

,
.
, ,

,
.
, ,
- .
, , ,
( 25 1 . ), . ,
, , .
, , , , , ,
. ,
, ,
.
,
,
48

,
20
21. -

20
.
Roman Herzog, Maunz-Drig-Herzog, Grundgesetz, Art. 20 VII,
. . 64, .
21 , . : (.)
5116/1996, 12, () 675, 676/2010 , ()
38/1010, 632/2010, 10, 722/2010, () 3839/2009 , 3611/2009, 398/2009. ,
1974, .: 74/1974, Comptoir National Technique Agricole (CNTA),
112/1980, Drbeck,
, 224/1982, Meiko,
120/1987, Mulder, . von Deetzen 24.4.1988, REurGRZ, 1988,
. 321 . 324 . . : ( )
10 2009, Plantanol GmbH & Co. KG Hauptzollamt
Darmstadt, C-201/08, 2009, . I-08343 ( ) 11
2008, Freistaat
Sachsen, C-334/07 P, 2008, . I-9465 ( ) 13 2008, Vereniging Nationaal Overlegorgaan Sociale Werkvoorziening (C383/06) Gemeente Rotterdam (C-384/06) Minister van Sociale
Zaken en Werkgelegenheid Sociaal Economische Samenwerking WestBrabant (C-385/06) Algemene Directie voor de Arbeidsvoorziening, 2008, . I-1561 ( ) 7
2006, , C310/04, 2006, . I-7285 ( ) 22 2006, (C-182/03) Forum 187 ASBL (C-217/03)
, 2006, . I-5479.
.: - , , , 2003,
: , . -

49



. ,
,
22.
, / , ,
, . , , , (
), Eugnie Prvdourou, Le principe de confiance lgitime en droit
public franais, Athnes 1998, (.
): . , 8, . 18 ., 64 .
passim,
, , 5 (1993), . 940 .,
. , 40/1998 , .. (. 4), 47(1999), . 705 .,
, . 189 . Klaus-Dieter Boschardt, Vertrauensschutz im Europischen Gemeinschaftsrecht, Europische Grundrechte-Zeitschrift (EuGRZ), 1988, . 309 .,
Roman Herzog, ..,
Hartmut Maurer, Kontinuittsgewhr und Vertauensschutz, IsenseeKirchhof, Handbuch des Staatsrechts, Band III, 1988, 60 . 211 .,
Jrgen Schwarze, Europisches Verwaltungsrecht, Band II, . 960 . Weber - Drler, Vertrauensschutz im
ffentlichen Recht, 1983, . 59 . Stefan Muckel, Kriterien des verfassungsrechtlichen Vertrauensschutzes bei Gesetzesnd - erungen, 1990, .
35 .
22 . Muckel, .., . 40 ., Weber, ., . 61 .

50

, , .
.
,
, .
, , ,
,
, - ,
, ,
, , .

()
.- ,
, ,
,
.

,
, 51

.
,
, .
, ,
.
,
, , ,
,
. ,


.
,
, ,
,
.
, 2 , 21 ,
1, 24-26 27-34 ,
52

.

,
.
,
, 25
1 . , 21 22 .
5. - .
3845/2010

. 3845/2010
, ,
.
, , , ,
,

, .
. :

.
.-
.
, , , .
, , , :
53


,
,
.. , ,
,
,
( 95 4 100 1 . ).
,
,
.
95 4,
:
. : (
: , ), (.. ),

, , ,

,
..
,
54

( ,
)
.


, , - .
, ,
,
, .
. 3845/2010 , , ,
, ,
, , , ,
,
- ( ) ( III IV) .
,
,
. , , ,
IV - ,
, ,
. , , , ,
, , , ,
. , .
55

3845/2010
. ,


,
-
. , ,
, , .
, , ,
, , , , ,
, . , , ,
, .

,
, , .
, .
3845/2010 , ,
, ,
apriori
,
. ,
, . , ,
,
56

. .

. --
.- ,
, ..,
(
3 1
)
, 28 2 36 ,
1 1
, ,
,
, . 3845/2010

: ()
36 2 , ()
(3/5)
, 28 2 (
36
2 ), ()
(,
) ()
.

, .
, ,
, , , ,
57

:
. ,
,
,


. ,
, . , ,
,

. , , ,
, .

. .-
, ,
. ,

, 1 3 (
,
). , ,
,
,
58


,
,

,
. ,

, .
, ,
.

, ,
. 3845/2010 , ,
: .
,

. , ,
, ,
.

. , , ,

, . ,
, ,
59

, ,
, ,
, ,
. . 3847/2010, 9
, , , , . . 3845/2010
, , .

. . 3845/2010 .-
. 3845/2010 , , -, 43 4 ,

. , - ,
- 43 4 / 78 5 , . ,
-: , , 72 1 , , , , -
( 43 5 ) ,
, , 78 4 ,
-,
,
, , , 43 4 - ,

60

,
-, ,
, , , .

-, . 3845/
2010, , ,
, ,
43 2 .
.
.-

, ,
, , , ,
, ,
28 . , , , , .


,
. , ,
, ,
. 3847/2010, , 9.


, , 61

.
,

, , , . , ,
, ,
. 3845/2010 , , , ,
, ,
.
, . 3845/2010,
,
, -,

, ,
. , , ,
,


( 17 1 2,
1 /)
1 /
, ,

. ,

. , ,
62

. 3845/2010

, .

,
, , .

, , 23.

, 21.12.2009 (. . 2009-43-01) .
872/25.6.2010 ,
, .

1
109 . 1 ,
( ) ,
: 1. Latvia shall be an independent and democratic Republic. 2. The
sovereign power of the State of Latvia shall belong to the People of Latvia.
109 : Everyone has the right to social
guarantees for old age, work disability, unemployment and other cases determined by law.
23

63

6.

, ,
, ,
,
, ,

41 47 2 o : article 41 (1) The right to work shall not be restricted. Everyone has a
free choice of his/her profession, trade or occupation, as well as work place.
(2) All employees have the right to measures of social protection. These concern employees safety and health, working conditions for women and young
people, the setting up of a minimum gross salary per economy, weekends,
paid rest leave, work performed under difficult and special conditions, as well
as other specific conditions, as stipulated by the law. (3) The normal duration
of a working day is of maximum eight hours, on the average. (4) On equal
work with men, women shall get equal wages. (5) The right to collective
labour bargaining and the binding force of collective agreements shall be
guaranteed. Article 47, (1) The State shall be bound to take measures of economic development and social protection, of a nature to ensure a decent living standard for its citizens. (2) Citizens have the right to pensions, paid
maternity leave, medical care in public health centres, unemployment benefits, and other forms of public or private social securities, as stipulated by the
law. Citizens have the right to social assistance, according to the law. ,

, ( ) . , ,
1 109 , :
.

64

.

. suigeneris , : ) ,
, )

, () ,
, , , , , ,

,
)

) , ()
()
,
(, ) )

, 129 9 136 1 )


( ) )

, ,
65

.


, , : , ,
, ( )

,
.
, :

. ,
,
,
,
. , , (5),



126 (9) 136
. , , . , ,
. : ,
3 ,
,
66

, , . , ,
,
,
, , .

. ,

, , ,


. , ,
. , , ,

.
,

, ,
. .

, ,
67

,
, , . ,

, ,
.
, ,
.
, .
, , . ( 42 7
222 ), :
, ,

, ,
,
,
,

( 4 2 3 . ),

( 20-25
), (
49 ), ,

,

,
68

, , .
, ,
.
- ,
, ,
,

;
- ;

-,
;
, ,

Shylock;
, ,
,
, Shylock, ;

, , ,
. 69


,
,
.

,
, ,

,
, ,
.
,
,
. :
; , ,

;
, ,
,
, ,
, ,
a posteriori
,
. ,

70

, ,
6 (6) (-), 8 (1) () 11 (1) ,
, , (. . 3 ). , ; , , ;
, ,
, ,
,

,

. , ,

. , :
.
. , ,
, , ,

.
:
, , ,
( , )
,
,
( ;). ,
: 71

,
, :
,
,
,
.
, :
.
,

.
, ,

. ,
,
,
,

,
.
, ,

, :

.

72

You might also like