Akvamc H KZN M V: Xulozpâ

XuloZp
AkvamC h kzn^m v
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[ Malayalam aebmfw ]
ssiJv apl Zp_v\p kzmenlp_v\p DssYao ()

lwk Pamen
: Daawa books
P.B. No: 1981 Vyttila, Kochi Ph: 0091-484-2301275 Email: info@dawabooks.org
1433-2012
XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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{]km-[-I- p-dnv A m-cmjv{S \ne-hm-c- n ae-bmf ]p kvX-I- ]pd- n-d- p-Ibpw {]k- -amb hn hn[ `mjm-{K- - ae-bm-f- n-te v samgnamw \S n {]kn- o-I-cn- p-Ibpw A m-cm jv{S kaq-l- n\v ]cn-NbsSp-t - ae-bm f IrXn-I ap `mj-I-fn-te v ]cn-`m-j-s-Sp n {]kn- o-I-cn- p-Ibpw sN p-I-sb e y-t msS XpS w Ipdn "ZAvhm _pIvkv' {it -bhpw hyXn-cn- -hp-amb ]pkvX-I- ]pd- n-d- n-s m-v CXn-\Iw Xs ]pkvXI {]km-[\ cwK v nc-{]-XnjvT t\Sn- -gn n-p--v, hnip Jp-B\pw Xncp-kp-- p-am-Ip Ckvem-ans ASn- m\ {]am-W--sf, A lvep-kp- n h Pam-A- ns coXnimkv {X- n {K -c-N\ \S- n-bn-p ] n-X am-cpsS ]pkvX-I--fmWv {][m-\-ambpw ZAvh _pIvkv ]pd- n-d- p--Xv.{K -I m- -fpsS kz -amb A`n-{]m-b--fn-te v Wn- p-I-b
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, {]am-W-_- -ambn Imcy-sf hne-bn-cp- pIbpw a\- n-em- p-Ibpw sN p--Xn-te v \ bn- p-I-bmWv C cw {K - ]pd- n-d pt m "ZAvh _pIvkv' Dt-in- p--Xv. \mYm. . . . \o CsXmcp {]Xn-^-eml-am b {]h -\-ambn kzoI-cn-t -Wta (Bao ) amt\-P
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Xmfp-I-fn
{K -I m-hn-s\- p-dnv 6 hnh \ Ipdnv 7 BapJw 10 01. aX n ]n pSc \n_ ambXv 13 02. {]hmNI ktiw 14 03. Amlphns \mapW hntijWfn K Alvep p nh PamA ns hnizmkw 20 04. icnbmb amKw ke^pIfptSXv am{Xw 30 05. ap KmanIfpsS amKs pdnv ]n KmanIfn NnecpsS A`n{]mbw 38 06. kXyhpw AkXyhpw Iqn pg pp 40 07. ap KmanI F p ]d p 41 08. Amlphns HuXyw 46 09. Zni ( eImew) 53 10. Amlphns knwlmk\mtcmlWw 55 11. Amlp \ psS IqsSbmWv 66 12. Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mIppshXns\bpw Ah krjvSnItfmsSmamIppshXns\bpw Fs\ tbmPnn mw 71 13. Amlphns Cd 76 14. Amlphns apJw 79 15. Amlphns ssII 81 16. Amlphns IpI 84 17. Amlphns ssI, Iv Fnhsb kw_ nv XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hnhn[cq] n hXns\ pdnv 85 18. Amlphns kwkmcw 87 19. Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n 95 20. Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n ph cpsS amKw 99 21. kn^m pIsf \ntj[n phcpw D]an phcpw 108 22. ke^pI C ap Iemans\Xnsc 109 23. Amlphnepw A yZn\ nepap hnizmk n \nv hyXnNenh 112 24. Amlphns hntijWsf {]Xn]mZn p Bb pIfnepw lZokpIfnepw Alvep Jn_ve mcpsS `nnpI 128 25. \qX-\-hm-Zn-I Alvep- p-- n-s\-Xn-cn Btcm-]n- p ]cn-lm-k-t-cp-I 131 26. Ckvemapw Cuam\pw 134
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{K I mhns\ pdn v
temI apkvenw ] nX {]apJcn AdnbsSp ssi Jv apl Zp_v\p kzmenlp_v\p DssYao\n apJv_nep hpssl_n A aoan() lnPvd 1347 daZm 27\v kpDuZn Atd_ybnse A Jkow {]hniybnse Dss\kbn P\n p.{]mYanI hnZym`ymk n\ptijw dnbmZnse Camw apl Zp_v\p kpDuZv CkvemanIv bqWnthgvkn nbn \npw C ap coAbn _ncpZw t\Sn. ssiJv A_vZp dlvam _n \mkzn A AZn(), ssiJv C_v\p_mkv() XpS nb {]apJcpsS injy IqSnbmbncpp alm\hI .]n me v Atlw Kpcphcysc mfpw {]ikvX\mbn o p. Xs Kpcphcy\mb ssiJv A_vZpdlvam kAZn bpsS \ncymW n\ptijw "Dss\k'bnse "PmanD I_o dn' JXzo_pw ap^vXnbpambn \nbanX\mbn.IqSmsX kDu Zn Atd_ybnse DX ] nXk`bnse AwKw,dnbmZnse Camw apl Zp_v\p kpDuZv CkvemanIv bqWnthgvkn n bpsS Iognep A Jkow icoAx tImsfPnse "Ckveman Iv hnizmkhn`mKw' Xeh Fo m\fecn pI bpw sNbvXnp-v. lnPvdx 1414 InwKv ss^k AhmUv t\Snb ssiJhI L\s ^XvhIfpw teJ\fpaS w sNdpXpw hepXpambn \qdne[nIw {K cNn v ap kvenw temIs [\yam nb almhy nXzhpw IqSnbm Wv. efnXhpw km[mcWhpamb PohnXw \bn ncp At lw 74 w hb n \ncymX\mbn. m XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hnh I pdn v
Amlp kKpW k qW\mWv. Ahs \ma hnti jWsfbpw {]h\sfbpw Ipdn p [mcmfw ]cma i JpB\nepw lZokpIfnepw hnp-v. Ah a\ nem p GsXmcm pw Bcm[\Ifln p GI A kvXnXzw AmlphmsWv hy amIpXmWv. \ psS ]cnanXamb Adnhpw bp nbpw sh psIm-v kh NcmNcsfbpw krjvSn v ]cn]men p t]mcp A mlphns KpWsf hymJym\n m km[ya.Amlp hn\ps-v JpB\pw lZokpIfpw ]Tnn KpW ; Ahsb \ntj[n pItbm krjvSnItfmSv kmZriysSp pItbm D]an pItbm t`ZKXn hcp pItbm cq]k ev]ap-m pItbm sN msX Ahs alXz n\v tbmPn p hn[ n hnizkn \n_ amWv. temI P\Xbne[nIt]cpw Amlphns "dp_q_n n's\(c mIrXz nse GIXzw) AwKoIcn pIbpw;"D eqln n' (Bcm[\bnse GIXz n) a p hsc ]p tN pIbpw "AkvamD h n^m n's\ (\ma hntijW sf) hymJym\n pItbm \ncmIcn pItbm cq]k ] fp-m pItbm, kmZriysSp pItbm sN pXmbn mWmw. XuloZns ta ]d aqv `mKfnse BZys c-phn`mKfmb c mIrXz nse GIXzw Bcm[\bn se GIXzw Fnh hniZoIcn p At\Iw {K Cv {]Nmc neps-nepw Amlphns \mahntijW XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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fpsS hnjb n ]qhnIcpsS \ne]mSv hnhcn p Ir Xn aebmf n hfsc hncfamWv FXv Cu {K n s BhiyIX h[nn pp. Hcp hnizmkn Ahiyw A dn nct - Cu hnjbs pdn v IqSpX a\ nem m\pw ]Tn m\pw kaqlw aptmp hcWsav hn\b]q hw DWs. CkvemanI {]t_m[\cwK v al mb tkh\f n _lp: ssiJv apl Zp_v\p kzmenlp_v\p DssYao ()bpsS Hmas cN\bmb "^Xvlpd n _cn : _n X Jokzn lahn :' F hnes {K ns samgn am amWv \nfpsS ssIIfn . hnJymX ] nX\mb ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssX an () cNn "A Xhm A lahn ' F IrXnsb ssi Jv DssYao () Npcp n hnhcn pIbmbncpp. Amlphns \mahntijWfn Alvep p n h PamA ns bYmY hnizmkw P\ v ap n Xpdv ImWn pIbpw AXns\Xncnep hnai\ p J \hpamWv {K ns D S w. Cu ]pkvXIw \nfpsS I nse n m Fs k lmbn ]ecpap-v. Ahsc \n]qhw Hm pIbpw Ah v Alamb {]Xnêw kKpW k qW\mb Amlp \evIs Fv {]mYn pIbpw sN pp. hnh \fn ]mfn IfnmXncn m ]camh[n kq vaX ]men np-v. ]nghpI a\pjyklPamWtm A_ ktlmZc_p ym {i bn sSp phtcmSv XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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\nbp-mIpw.Amlp CsXmcp k Iaambn kzoIcn s. \mYm....CXns aqeIrXnbpsS cNbnXmhmb ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXan () hnpw,AXn Bhiyamb hn iZoIcW \evIns m-v Npcp n hnhcn ssiJv ap l Zp_v\p kzmenlp DssYao ()hnpw \oIcpW sN pIbpw Atls bpw Rsfbpw \o kzK n Hcp an v IqpIbpw sNt Wta.. (Bao )
lwk Pamen CkvemanIv ssKU kv sk aPvaAv kDuZn Atd_y
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BapJw
kh kvXpXnbpw AmlphnmIpp. Ahs\ hmgv pp.Aht\mSv am{Xw klmbw tXSpIbpw ]m]tamN\w tXSpIbpw,Ahte v ] mX]n pIbpw sN pp. \ p sS Zqjyfn \npwNo {]h \fn \npw A mlphn icWw tXSpp.Amlp amKZi\w \evInb hs\ ]ngn m\mcpan. Ah ]nghnem nbhs\ t\h gnbnem m\pw Bcpan.AmlphmsX as mcp Bcm[y \nspw apl Zv Amlphns ZqX\msWpw Rm km yw hln pp. Amlphns IcpWm ISm {]hmNI Xncpta\n pw IpSpw_ n\pw A\pNcm pw kh P\ pw [mcmfambn hjn pamdmIs! Amlp apl Zv \_n()sb kmKhpw kXy aX hpambn temI v ImcpWyhpw amXrIbpw kh ASnaI pw sXfnhpambpw \ntbmKn ncn pp. Xn AnX amb Cu ZuXyw Atlw \nhln pIbp-mbn.kapZmb n\v AhcpsS aX]camb Imcyfnse ASn m\]c hpw imJm]chpamb Imcyfn Bhiyamb Fm \ntZ ifpw hy am ns mSp pIbpw sNbvXp. \bnte v t{]cW \evIp Fm Imcyfpw \_n() hnhcn p.kI e XnIsf pdn pw kaql ns\ Xm oXv \evIpIbpw sN bvXp. AhnSpv Cu kapZmbs Hcp sXfn ]mXbnem Wv hnt pt]mbXv. AXns cm{Xnt]mepw ]Iens\tmse shfn ap XmIpp.{]hmNIs A\pbmbnI tim`bm B amK neqsS kcn p. Chcn \npw D a cmb \q m-pImscv Adnbs Xm_nDIfpw AhcpsS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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]n Xeapd mcpw AXns\ A\p[mh\w sNbvXp. ]noSv Cu aX n hnhn[fmb A\mNmc ISpIqSn. cm {Xn hgnbdnbmsX Xn S v hogpXp t]mse kaqlw AXn hogphcmbnamdn.hnizmk Imcyfn FpImen he t]mse Zp_eambn amdpIbpw sNbvXp.Fm AXyp X\mb c nXmhv Ahs Cu Zo\ns\ C cw i{Xp fn \npw kwc n pXn\mbn Ahs Huenbm v Cuam\pw,hn m\hpw \evIn. _nZvA pImcpsS IpX { sf Ahcnte v Xs Xncn phnSpIbpw sN pw. A \mNmchpambn GsXmcph aptmp hcpt mgpw A c mcpsS s]m hmZfpw A\mNmc ns \ncIX bpw t_m[ysSp p kp ns kwc Isc Am lp Ab mXncpnn. kaql n A nnSn A\mNmcsf FXn p Xn At{Kkc\mbncpp alm\mb ssiJp Ckvemw XJnbpo AlvaZp_v\p A_vZn leow_v\p A_vZn emw_v\p ssXan ().lnPvd 661 d_oD A ] n\v Xn fmgvN CdmJnse "ldm ' ]W n P\n Atlw "UakvIknse' tImbn sh v lnPvd 728 Zp JAZp amk n ZnhwKX\mhpIbpw sNbvXp. {]hmNI ()bpsS Xncpkp pIsf hnhcn pI bpw AXnse {][m\ `mKsf i nsSp pIbpw _nZv A pIsf s]mfn v \namP\w sN p H\h[n {K fpsS cNbnXmhpamWtlw. ta e yw ap \n n Atlw cNn {K amIp p ( A ^Xvhm A lahn ). kndnbbnse XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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"lpam v' F e psh v lnPvd 698 Amlphns \ma hntijWfpambn _ s hnjb n Atl t mSv tNmZn tNmZy p adp]SnbmIpp ta Ir Xnbnse {]Xn]mZy hnjbw. 83 t]PpIfp s m p Cu IrXn aptJ\ Atlw \nch[n ]co W v hnt[b ambn. Ckveman\pw apkvenwI pw Atlw sNbvX al mb tkh\ n\v Amlp D aamb {]Xnêw \ I s. Bao . Cu adp]Sn a\ nem pXn ]e pw {]bmkap -mIpsav a\ nem nbXn\m AXn {][m\sXn s\ kw n]vXam n Bhiysav tXmpnS v hniZoI cW \evIpIbmWv Rm sNbvXXv. CXn\v Rm
^( Xvlpd n _cn : _nX Jokzn
lahn :) Fv t]cp sh pIbpw sNbvXp. \ psS Ia Amlphns {]oXn pth-nbm Iphm\pw AXv Ahs ASnaI v ê{]ZamIm\pw A mlphnt\mSv tXSpp. Ah DX\pw AXypZmc\pamIp p. {K Imc ssiJv apl Zp_v\p kzmenlp DssYao () kpDuZn Atd_y
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aX n ]n pSc \n_ ambXv

Amlphns hN\hpw,Ahs {]hmNI apl Zv ()bpsS Ncybpw Atl n\ptijw h kzlm_nIfn se k cnXcmb Jpe^mDdminZpIfpsSbpw kmK n Ahsc ]n pShcpsSbpw hm pIsfbpamWv HcSna v Ahs aX n ]n pSc \n_ amIpXv. ImcWw hy amb sXfnhpIfpw kmKhpambn A mlp apl Zv \_n()sb \ntbmKn pIbpw, kh P\ tfmSpw Atl n hnizkn Wsapw, {]Xy am bpw ]tcm ambpw Atls ]n pScWsapw \n_ am nbncn pp Fv Amlp()]d p: \nfnte s map Amlphns ZqX\mIpp. BImifpsS bpw `qanbpsSbpw B[n]Xyw GsXmcphmtWm Ah\m sX Hcp ssZhhpan. Ah Pohnn pIbpw acnn pI bpw sN pp.AXn\m \n Amlphnepw Ahs Zq X\nepw hnizkn phn . AsX, Amlphnepw Ahs h N\fnepw hnizkn p A cPvRm\anm B {] hmNI\n . Atls \n ]n ] phn \n v t\amKw {]m]n mw.'' (AAv-dm^v:158) \_n()]d p: ""\n Fs Ncy apdpsInSn p I. F\n ptijw hcp amKZi\w kn n k cnXcm b ap KmanIfpsS Ncybpw, \n Ah AWpsIm-v ISn v ]nSn pI.aX nse \qX\mNmcsf IcpXnbncn p I. Fm ]pXnbXpw A\mNmcamIpp. Fm A\mNmchpw XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 13 ""]dbpI: a\pjytc, Xo bmbpw Rm
hgntISmIpp'' (A_qZmhqZv: 4607). D]Imc{]Zamb hn m\ nepw k Iafnepw {]hmNIs ]mX ]n pShcmWv k cnXcmb ap Kman I . {]hmNI ()bpsS A\pNcmcmWv Cu hntijW n\v G hpw AlXsh. ImcWw Amlp Ahs {]hmNIs A\pbmbnIfmbpw Ahs aXs t\cmwh w \ne\n pXnpambn AhscbmWv sXcs Sp ncn pXv.]qW hnizmknIfpw, hnthInIfpw, [mcmfw {]h n phcpw, Xocpam\ \Snem phcpw, Iq SpX kmKw {]m]n hcpambhscbmsX Amlp X s ZqXs A\pbmbnIfmbn sXcs Sp pIbn h A kh \pw AKm[ m\nbpamIpp AXpsIm-v X s {]hmNI\ptijw ]n pScm AhcmWv IqSpX tbm Kycpw. Ah p tijw kmKnIfpw [at_m[ap h cpamb aX nse CamapIfpw.
{]hmNI ktiw
\_n()bpsS ZuXyw c-pImcy D s m pp: 1) D]Imc{]Zamb hn 2) k I w. Amlp()]d p: ""kmKhpw kXyaXhpw sIm-v Fm aX pw aosX AXns\ sXfnbn pImWn m th-n Xs ZqXs\ XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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m\w
\ntbmKn h\mIpp Ah . _lpssZhmcm[I v (A Xv) A\njvSIcambmepw icn'' (A z^v^v:9) Bb n ]d

(kmKw)FXp sIm-v hn
h n sSpXv D]Imc{]Zamb hn m\hpw ( kXy aXw) sIm-v hnh n sSpXv B mYXtbmsSbpw {]hmNI Xncpta\nsb ]n pSpsIm-pw Amlphnv \nhln p k IahpamIpp. Cl nepw ]c nepw kaql n\v \bpw D]Imc hpap-mIp Fm hn m\fpap s m pXmWv D ]Imc{]Zamb hn m\w.CXnsemmat XmWv Amlp hns \mafnepw hntijWfnepw {]h nIfnepap hn m\w. ImcWw CXmWv G hpw D]Imc{]Zamb Adnhv.AXpXsbmWv ssZhnI kti ns k bpw, {]hmNI {]t_m[\ ns cXv\ pcp hpw. A{]Imcw X s hm psIm-pw,{]h n sIm-pw hnizmkw sIm-p samw aXw \ne\nev pXpw CXpaptJ\bmWv. kwibclnXambpw {]kv]jvSambpw hnhcn msX {] hmNI ]pwKh () AXns\ (Amlphns \ma hntij Wsf) AhKWn pshXv \_n()bn \nv kw`hn mhX. CXv hy am p GXm\pw ImcW Xmsg sImSp pp.
Hv: {]hmNI ktiw {]Imihpw kmKhpaSn

bXmIpp. Amlp \_n()sb kt mjhm Adnbn ph\pw Xm oXv \evIph\pw Amlphns D c h\pkcn v Ahte v Wn ph\pw {]Imiw \evIp XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Hcp hnf pw Bbns m-mWv \ntbmKn ncn pXv.F {Xt mfsam \_n() Xs kapZmbs cm{Xn t]m epw ]Ien\v kam\amb sXfn ]mXbnemWv hnt p t]mbXv. \in h\msX B ]mXbn \npw sX pIbn . B {]Imi n G hpw al chpw DXhpambXv Amlphns\ pdn pw Ahs \masf pdn pw Ah s KpWsf pdn pw Ahs {]h nIsf pdn psa map AdnhpsIm-p-mIpXmWv. AXpsIm-pXs AXv hy ambn hnhcn {]hmNIs _m[yXbn s] XmWv.
c-v: ` W]m\ob acymZI , Ccp w Dd w t]m

ep Zo\ns bpw Zp bmhns bpw Imcyfn kaql nmhiyamb Fm Imcyfpw AhnSpv kaqls ]Tnn p. A_qZdv() ]dbpp: ""hmbphn NndInSn p Hmtcm ]dhIsf pdn pw \_n() R v Hcdnhv \evImsX hnp]ncn nn.'' (Xz_vdm\n 1624, kn kne kzlol: 1803) Amlphns\bpw Ahs \masfbpw KpWsf bpw {]h nIsfbpw Ipdn p Adnhv Cu s]mXphmNI neIsSpsaXn ktlan. am{Xa A\nhmcyam bpw Adn ncnt - hn m\sa \nebn {]hmNI () ]Tnn Imcyfn {]Ya m\w \evtI-Xpw C Xn\v Xs.
aqv: Amlphnepw Ahs \mafnepw KpWfn

epw {]h nIfnepw hnizkn aX ns ASn m\ hpw,{]hmNImcpsS {]t_m[\ ns Npcp hpamIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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AXv _p nbpw lrZbhpw Ic am nb, G hpw t{ijv Thpw \n_ hpambXpamWv Fncns CXnt\ m sN dnb ]eImcy pw {]mapJyw Iev]n \_n() Fn s\ CXns\ AhKWn pw?
\mev: Xs c nXmhns\ pdn v P\fn G hpw

IqSpX Adnbph \_n()bmWv. Ahcn ]SpI tfmSv G hpw KpWImw bp h\pw,hy hpw kv^pShp ambn hniZoIcn m Ignbph\pw Ctlw XsbmWv. Fncns Amlphnepw Ahs \mafnepw KpW fnepw {]h nIfnepw hnizkn pXns\ pdn v IWni am hn[w kwibIcamIp \nebn hnpt]mhpI FXv Akw`hyamWv.
Av: Xobmbpw kzlm_nI C mcy n k

Xyw ]dbphcmbncnt -Xp-v. Am ] w HpIn AXn au\w ]men pItbm Asn AbYmYam bXv ]dbpItbm sN epamIpp. CXv c-pw Ahsc kw _ n nSt mfw D-mImhX. ImcWw au\w ]men , Amlphn\v \n_ amb Xpw Am Xpamb Ahs \mafnepap AhcpsS AdnhnmbvabmemIpw, Asn Adnbmambncpnpw A Xv ad psh Xn\membncn pw CXv c-pw kwKXa. F psIms-m hn m\w tXSp, Bcm[\bn sImXnbp Poh\p GXp lrZb n\pw Amlphn ep hnizmks pdn pw Ahs \mafpw KpW fpwicnbmbn Adn v hnizkn pXnmbn At\zjn p I FXv G hpw henb e yamImXncn m hIbn. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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\sb kt\ln pXnepw D]Imc{]Zamb hn m \ Ic am pXnepw P\fn G hpw ap ] n bn D acmb \q m-pImcmWv. AXn Xs G hpw t{ijvTamb kzlm_nIfmWv FXv kwib n\v hIbn m ImcyamIpp. \_n()]dbpIbp-mbn: ""P\fn G hpw D acmbh Fs \q m-p ImcmIpp. AXn\ptijw AXn\Sp hcpw ]noSv AXn \Sp hcpw.'' (_pJmcn, 3458, ap 4601) hm v {]h n hnizmkw FnhsIm-v Amlphn te v ASp p Fm Imcyfnepw Cu {]tXyIX Ah cpsS t{ijvSXsb pdn pp. C\n Cu hnjb n Ah bYmY n Adnbm hcmbncppshv \mw kev]n pIbmsWn Ah ptijw hhcmWv A cmhm IqSpX km[yX. ImcWw Amlphns \mafpw hntijWfpw Znhy ktiw aptJ\bmWv AdnbpI. kzlm_nIfmIs {]hm NI Xncpta\nbpsSbpw apkvenw D ns bpanSbnse am [yaamIpp. Fncns Cu hnjbs pdn v Ahcn Hcm pw Adnhnm FXv Akw`hyamIpp. kzlm_nI kXyw Adn npw ad psh pI F Xv Ahcn hpIqSm XmWv.ImcWw D]Imc{]Zamb hn m\w {]Ncnn pXnepw AXv kapZmb n\v F n p sImSp pXnepw kzlm_m fpsS Xmev]cyw Adnbp icnbmb _p nbp Hcm pw kXyw ad psh pI F A]cm[s Ahcnte v tN ndbm km[ya Xs. {]tXyIn v Amlphns\bpw Ahs \masf bpw KpWsfbpw Ipdn p \n_ amb Imcyfn . XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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AXn\p]pdsa Cu hnjbs pdn v kzlm_m fn \nv Hcp]mSv hN\ hnpap-v. At\zjn ph v AXv Is- mhpXpamIpp. kzlm_nI AbYmYyw ]dbpI FXv c-p Imc Wfm Akw`hyamWv.
Hv: AbmYmYyamb hm pI hy amb sXfnhn

\v ]pd mIpp. kzlm_nIfmIs P\fn sh v hy amb sXfnhnm h ]dbpXnpw hfsc hnZqc m sWXv kphnZnXamWv. {]tXyIn v Amlphnep hn m\ ns AZriyamb Imcysf pdn pw. XmsgsIm Sp p JpB hN\ A\zYam phcmbncpp Ah. bmsXmcp Imcy ns bpw ]nm se \o t]mIcpXv. Xo bmbpw tI hn, ImgvN, lrZbw F nhsb nsbmw tNmZyw sN sSpXmWv.'' (A C kvdmAv: 36) ]dbpI: ""Fs c nXmhv \njn am nbnp Xv {] Xy ambXpw \oNhr nIfpw, A[ahpw,\ymbw IqSmsX bp It hpw, bmsXmcp {]amWhpw Amlp Cd n nnm Xns\ Aht\mSv \n ]ptN pXpw, Amlphns t]cn \n p hnhcanm Xv \n ]d p-m pXpw am{XamWv.'' (A AAvdm^v: 33)
""\n\ dnhnm
c-v: hmkvXhhncp amb hm pI ]dbpXv H

pIn AXns D hw Adnhnmbvabn \nmIpw. A sn krjvSnIsf ]ngn m Dtin pXn \nm Ipw. Chc-pw kzlm_nIfpsS alXz n\v tNcm Xm XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 19
Wv. kapZmb n\v ]qWambpw KpWImw nIfmbn Adn bsSp kzlm_nIfn \npw krjvSnIsf ]ngn m Dtiyap-mIpI FXv Akw`hyamWv. C\n Cu hnjb n kzlm_nI ]d hbn Zpcptiyaps-n Ah ]dbp aX]camb a p Imcy fnepw Zpcptiyaps-phcnIbpw As\ Cu hnjb nepw a pw AhcpsS hm pI hnizmktbmKyamXm bn ocpIbpw sN pw. CXv Atb w Zp_eambXmWv. ImcWw CXv icoA n\v Xs A]am\w hcp pXm Ipp. A{]Imcw Cu hnjb n kzlm_nI kXyw ]d b A\nhmcyamsWv hy amIpIbmsWn HpIn AhcpsS Nn bn \ntm, Asn hlvbns bSn m\ ntem Bbncn mw AXv ]dbpXv. ChnsS BZyw ]d Xv Akw`hyamWv. ImcWw Amlphn\v D-mbncn t - ]cn]qWamb KpW _p nsIm-v Nn n v ]d bmhpX. Fncns ChnsS c-mas A`n{]mbamb {]hmNI ()bpsS ktiw aptJ\ e`n Xmbncn m\m Wv km yX.CtXmsS \_n() Amlphns \mafnepw KpWfnepap bYmamb hnhcWw hy am nbncn ppshv a\ nemIpp. CXpXsbmWv ChnsS e y amIpXpw.
Amlphns \ma pW hntijWfn Alvep p K n h PamA ns hnizmkw

Alvep p n h PamA: {]h nbnepw, hnizm XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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k nepw \_n()bpsS kp ns\ {]Xy hpw ]tcm hpamb \nebn kzoIcn pXn sFIyshcmWv. Amlphns \ma ntijWfn Alvep p h n h PamA ns hnizmkw Xmsg hcpw {]ImcamWv. HmaXmbn: ncoIcWw. AXmbXv Amlp Ah s {K ntem Asn Ahs {]hmNIs \mhneq sStbm X\n v D Xmbn ncoIcn h XZ\pkmcw AXn hymJym\tfm \ncmIcWtam cq]kev]tam kmZr iysSp tem IqSmsX ncoIcn pI. c-maXmbn: \ntj[w. AXmbXv Amlp Ahs {K ntem Asn Ahs {]hmNIs \mhneqsS tbm Xs ta \njn amb \ntj[ KpWsf \ntj[n pI. AtXmsSmw Amlphn\v \njn amb \ntj[ KpW v FXncmb KpWfmWv Amlphn\p Xv Fv hnizkn pIbpw sN pI. aqmaXmbn: {]amWfneqsS Amlphn\v ncoI cn sSpItbm, \ntj[n sSpItbm sNbvXnnm tZ lw, ew, `mKw XpSn P\ hntbmPn np h n coIcn pItbm \ntj[n pItbm sN msX hnp \nev p I.Fm AhbpsS As pdn v hniZoIcWw tX SpIbpw As\ Amlphns ]cnip n v tbmPn m , AbYmyamWv AXv sIm-v Dtin sSpsXn AXv X sSpXmWv. AX Amlphn\v tbmPn p BibamsWn AXv kzoIcn pIbpw sN pw. CXmWv \n_ ambpw kzoIcnt - amKw. CXv Ahsb \ncmIcn phcpsSbpw kmZriysSphcpsS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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bpw CSbnep anXamb A`n{]mbw IqSnbmIpp. Cu amKw kzoIcn \n_ amsWv _p nbpw {]amWhpw k Xn pp. Amlphn\v A\nhmcyhpw A \phZ\obhpw Akw`hyhpamb Imcyfnse hniZoIc Ww {]amWw sIm-msX Adnbm km[ya. Atm {]amWs ]n ] ns m-v D Xmbn ncoIcn hsc ncoIcn m\pw \njn amb \ntj[ KpWsf \ntj[n pIbpw au\w ]men Xn au\ah ew_n pIbpw sN \n_ amIpp. Amlp ]dbp p: Amlphn\v G hpw \ t]cpIfp-v.AXn\m B t]cpIfn Ahs\ \n hnfn psIm pI. Ahs t] cpIfn Ir{Xnaw ImWn phsc \n hnpIfbpI.A h sNbvXphcpXns êw Ah p hgnsb \ Is Spw. (A AAvdm^v: 180) as mc[ymb n ho-pw ""Ah\p Xpeyambn bmsXmpan. Ah Fmw Im Wph\pw tI ph\pamIpp.'' (Aiviqdm: 11) as mc[ymb n ""\n\ dnhnm bmsXmcp Imcy ns bpw ]nm se \o t]mIcpXv'' (A CkvdmAv: 36) Hmas Bb v: Amlphns \ma hntijW sf hymJym\tfm, \ncmIcWtam IqSmsX ncoIcn \n_ amsWv Adnbn pp. ImcWw AXv c -pw Ir{Xnaw ImWn emIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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c-mas Bb v: Amlphns \ma hntijW sf kmZriysSp IqSmsX ncoIcn \n_ amsWv Adnbn pp. aqmas Bb v: Amlphns \ma hntijW sf cq]kev]anmsX ncoIcn pIbpw A{]Imcw Amlphn\v ncoIcn sSpItbm, \ntj[n sSpI tbm sNbvXnnm hbn ncoIcn pItbm \ntj[n pItbm sN msX, hnp\n pIbpw sN \n_ amsWv Adnbn pp. Cs\ Amlphn\v ncs Fm KpWfpw kv XpXn sSpIbpw ]pIgv sSpIbpw sN p ]cn]qW amb KpWfmIpp. bmsXmcphn[ nep \yq\XIfpw Ahbv n. Fncns Amlphn\v ncs ]cn]q Wamb Fm KpWfpw Fm hn[ nepw ]cn]qWamb Xv XsbmWv. A{]Imcw Amlp Ahv C Fdnbn Fm \n tj[ KpWfpw Amlphnv \n_ ambpw D-mtI - KpW v FXncmIpXmWv. Fm k KpWfn epw Amlp ]cn]qW\mbncns \yq\XIfSnb KpW fpw Ahv Akw`hyamIpp.AXpt]mse Amlp A hv GsXmv \njn am ppshn Amlphnv \n jn amb B \ntj[ KpWw Csv AwKoIcn ptXm sSmw Amlphn\v \njn amb B \ntj[KpW n\v F Xncmb KpWsf ]cn]qWambpw ncoIcn IqSnbm Ipp. F psIms-m {]iwk\obamb Hcp KpWw ncoIcn msX \ntj[ KpWw am{Xw ]cn]qWXsb Ip dn pIbn. ImcWw Nnetm Ai X AXn\v ImcW XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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amIpp. Hcp IhnbpsS hm pI t\m q: Hcp tKm{Xw! Ah P\tfmSv Hcp ISpIv aWntbmfhpw A\oXn {]h n ppan.''* *Cu tKm{X n\v i{Xp sf FXn phm\p jnbnm Xns\ Ihn \nn p ]mSnbXmWnXv. ti
""h\ ImWn m
AXmbXv Amlp Ahv \njn am nb KpWfn s]XmWtm "A{Iaw {]h n '. AXmbXv A{I aw {]h n pI F \ntj[ KpWw \ntj[n ptXm sSmw AXns FXnKpWamb \oXn]me\w ]cn]qWam bpw ncoIcn pI IqSn sN pp. Amlp Ahv \njn am nb KpWfn s]XmWv " oWap-mhpI' F Xv. Fpsh m " oWw D-mhpI' F \ntj[ KpWw \ntj[n ptXmsSmw AXns FXnKpWamb i n ] cn]qWambpw ncoIcn pIIqSn sN pp. Cs\bm Wv Fm \ntj[ KpWsfbpw \ntj[nt -Xv.
A lvco^v
`mjm]cambn am whcp FmWnXnw "\ zn's ]Z ntem A ntem am whcp pI hymJym\n pI FXmWv kmtXnImw.]Z]camb am t msSmw Aw hyXymksSpIbpw AmsXbpan cn pw. CXv aqv C\amIpp. 1. ]Zs am ptXmsSm w Aw amdph DZm-l-cWw : aqkmtbmSv Amlp t\cnv kwkmcn p Ibpw sNbvXp. (\nkmAv:164) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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]Icw ( Aml) Fv Nne "A'Imcw sImSp pXv t]m se. CXv aptJ\ Bb ns Aw AmlpthmSv aqkm t\cnv kwkmcn pIbpw sNbvXpshmbn amdpw.
F Bb nse ( Amlp) FXn\v DImc n\v
2. ]Zs am ptXmsSm w A n am w h cm h DZmlcWw: kvXpXn khtemI ]cn]meI\mb Am lphnmIpp. (^mXnl:2)

n\v ]Icw ( A lwZ) Fv AImcw sImSp pXv t]mse.CXpsIm-v Bb ns AYw amdpIbn.A Xbn \nmWv km[mcW C cw A_ D-mIp I. CXpsIm-v Ah v {]tXyI Dtiyhpw D-mImdn. F Bb nse ( A lwZp) FXn\v "D'Imc
3. Aw am pI. {]amW ns ]n _eanmsX _mlyamb As am pI. DZmlcWw: Amlphns Ccp ssIIsf i n,A\p {Klw XpSnb Afm n am pI.
A AvXzo
`mjm]cambn iq\yam pI,\ntj[n pI Fsms bmWw Amlphnv \n_ amb \mahntijWsf apgp ht\m `mKnItam \ncmIcn pI FXmWnhnsS kmtXn Imw. CXv c-v C\amIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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1. sam n \ntj[n pI. AYhm Amlphns hntijWsf ]msS \ntj[n p Plvanbm sftm se sam n \ncmIcn pI. Ahcnse AXncpIhn h Amlphns \masfbpw \ncmIcn pp.
A Ivbo^v
Amlphns hntijW v cq]k ]ap-m pI. DZmlWw: Amlphns I ns\ cq]k ]ap -m pI, Amlp Hm\mImit v CdpXpw Ib dpXpw Cn{]ImcamsWv k ]n pI. CsXms AXn\pZmlcWfmWv. \ap v ]cnNbap Cd tam, I b tam k ]n p IqSm.
A wYoep h iv_olv
Hn\v Xpeyambn as mns\ ncoIcn pXn\m Wv A wYo Fv ]dbpI. Hcp hkvXphn\v kmZriyambXv m]n pXn\v "X iv_olv' Fp]dbpp. XpeysSp pI Fm Fm \nebv pw kasSp emIpp. kmZriysSp pI FXv IqSpX KpW fnepw kasSp emIpp. Ch ]ckv]cw Hv as mm bn s]mXpsh ]dbsSmdp-v. Ch c-ns bpw ( )cq ]k ] nt bpw CSbn c-p \ne p hyXymk fmWp Xv. Hv: Hcp hkvXphns cq]s D]m[ntbmsStbm \n cp]m[nItam hnhcn emWv cq] k ]saXv. Fm XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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XpysSp sSpXpw kmZriysSp sSpXpamb hkvXphnt\mSv \ncp]m[nIambn Adnbn pXmWv XwYo epw Xiv_olpw. CX\pkcn v cq]k ]w kh hym]IambXmbncn pw. F psIms-m kmZriysSp sSpsXmw Xs cq]w k ]n sXmIpp.Fm k ]n p Xns\mw cq]ap-mbn sIm Wsan. c-v: Amlphns hntijWfpambn am{Xw _ sXmWv cq]k ]w ( )Fm XpeysSp ( )HuXy nepw,hntijW nepw,k bnepsam s D-mIpw. CX\pkcn v XpeysSp hym]Iamb Xmbn ocpp. C\n P\ ]ng pt]mIp kmZriysSp ( )c-p hn[amIpp.
krjvSnsb {kjvSmhnt\mSv kmZriys Sp krjvSmhns\ krjvSntbmSv kmZriys Sp

krjvSnsb {kjvSmhnt\mSv kmZriysSp pI F Xns Aw: {kjvSmhn\v am{Xw {]tXyIamIp {]h nI , AhImi , hntijW XpSnbXntesX nepsamns\ krjvSnI v hIsh psImSp emIpp. ChnsS Hmat Xv Amlphns IqsS as mcp {kjvSm hps-v P ]n pp, AYhm Amlphns dp_q_n n (c mIXrXz n ) ]ptN emWXv. c-mat Xv: XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 27
_lpssZh hnizmknI sN pXpt]mse hn{Kl v Bcm[\bn ]ps-v hnizkn pIbpw Ahbv v B cm[\I An pIbpw sN emWv. aqv: \_nsbbpw a pw ]pIgv pXn AXncp I hn hcpsS {]hr nt]mse"A_vZpmln_v\p blvb A "_plvXcn'sb Ihn "apX\ n'(3) ]pIgv nbXv AXn s\mcpZmlcWamWv. ""Hm XpyXbnm ht\, AhnSpv Dtin Xp t]m se Bbns m pI. AhnSpv Fns\ Dtin pIbmsWnepw A tbmSv kmZriyamIm Hcp krjvSnbpan Xs.'' {kjvSmhns\: Amlphns k bntem ( )hnti jW ntem krjvSnIfptSXpt]mep hsb ncoIcn p I FmWv {kjvSmhns\ krjvSntbmSv kmZriysSp p I FXnw.Amlphns ssI krjvSnIfpsS ssI IsftmsebmsWtm, Amlphns knwlmk\mtcml Ww krjvSnIfptSXpt]msebmsWtm ]dbpXv CXn\p ZmlcWfmWv. BZyambn {kjvSmhns\ krjvSntbmSv kmZriysSp nbXmbn AdnbsSpXv inbm fnse Xo{hhmZnIfmb dm^nfnbm fn s "lnimap_v\p lIw' BsWv ]d bsSpp.
C lmZv AYhm Ir{Xnaw ImWn

C lmZv Fm hyXnbm\w FmWv `mjmw. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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kmtXnIambn hnizkn tem Asn {]h n tem \n_ ambXn \npw hyXnNen emIpp. C Xv c-p hn`mKamIpp. Hv: Amlphns \mafn c-v: Amlphns hN\fn Amlphns \mafnep hyXnNe\saXpsIm -v hnh : AXn \n_ ambpw hnizknt - bmYm Yy n \npw icnbmb Bib n \npw hyXnNen pI FXmWv. AXv \mev C\fmIpp. 1. Amlphns \ma hntijWsf \ntj[n p I nI ( )sNbvXXpt]mse AXn \nv NneXns\ \ntj[n . 2. Amlphns \mahntijWsf krjvSnIfptS Xn\p kmZriysSp p I nI (api nlm ) sN bvXXp t]mse AXns\ krjvSnIfptSXn\v kmZriysSp . 3. {InkvXym\nI Amlphns\ "]nXmhv' Fpw, Zm i\nI "BZnImcWw' Fsmw hnfn pXpt]mse A mlp Ahv kzoIcn nnm \ma hnfn . Imc Ww Amlphns \ma {]amWmSn m\ nemIpp. 4. ( A Cemlv) F ]Z n \nv ( Am ) Fpw ( A Akokv) F ]Z n \nv (A D m) Fpw Dcp ncn Xpt]mse, Amlphns XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 29
\mafn \nv hn{Kl v \ma Dcp ncns Sp . Amlphns hN\fnep hyXnNe\w \nba ]c amb hN\fnemWnXp-mIpI. AYhm {]hmNIm sIm-p h \nbafnepw, hr m fnepw. A{]Imcw Amlp BImifnepw `qanbnepw krjvSn Xpw krjvSn pXpamb krjvSn]camb ZrjvSm fnepw BfpI Ir{XnaXzw ImWn pw. ]Ztam Atam hymJym\n pI, hr m sf I fhm pI, \nbasf B ewL\w \S pI XpSnb hbmWv \nba]camb hN\fnep-mhp hyXnNe\w. krjvSn]camb ZrjvSm fn kw`hn p hyXnN e\w krjvSnns\ Amlphm hcnte v tN emIp p. Asn AXn Amlphn\v ]mfnbps-tm k lmbnbps-tm hnizkn .
icnbmb amKw ke^pIfptSXv am{Xw

ke^p (ap Kman)IfpsS amKw \mw ap v hnhcn p Ibp-mbn. B amKw kzoIcn \n_ amsWXn \p {]amWhpw \mw AhnsS hnhcn p Ign p.(4) Fm ke^pIfpsS amKamWv icnbmb amKsav sXfnbn m\mWv \manhnsS Dtin pXv.AXv c- nemWv. Hv: keô amKw hnip JpB\ns bpw kp ns bpw ASn m\ nep XmWv. ImcWw AhcpsS amKw ssh m\nIhpw \oXn]qhIhpambn ]cntim[n
(4)
A[ymbw Hv t\m pI
Page 30
p GsXmcm pw AXv hnip JpB\nt\mSpw Xncp kp nt\mSpw ka{Khpw hniZhpambn tbmPn pXm bn Is- mhpXmWv. ImcWw Amlp thZ{K w AhXcnn np Xv A Xnse ZrjvSm sf n Nn n v AXnse \nbaf\pk cn v {]h n m\pw hr m fn hnizkn phm\pam Ipp. AXv a\ nem pXnepw hnizkn pXnepw {]h n pXnepsamw a p P\tf msfmw ke^pIfm Wv G hpw ASp hscXn kwiban.F psImsm hnip JpB AhXcn Xv ke^pIfpsS Ime pw AhcpsS `mjbnepamIpp. Fncns P\fn AXv G hpwIqSpX a\ nem nbhcpw Ia \m bn sN phcpw G hpw \coXnbn {]h n ph cpw ke^pIfmsWXn kwib n\v hIbn. c-v: Cu hnjb n kXyw HpIn "ke^p'I ]dbptXm Asn "Je^p'I (]n KmanI )]d Xntem Bbncn msav ]dbsSmdp-v. Fm c-ma s A`n{]mbamb, kXyw ]n KmanIfnembncn psav ] dbpXv \ncYIamIpp. ImcWw Amlphpw Ahs {]hmNI\pw aplmPndpIfn \npw A kmdpIfn \n pw BZyambn Ckvemw kzoIcn hcpw \ncYIambXv ]d pshpw, Hcn t]mepw hnizkn \n_ amb kXyw Ah hy amtbm {]Xy ntem ]d nns pw hcpp. aX ns ASn m\ Imcyfn JpB\n s bpw kp ns bpw kmn[yw XnI pw {]bmkIcam hpIbpw sN pw.P\sf JpB\pw kp panmsX hn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 31
SpXv D ahpw G hpw \Xpambn ocpw!! CXv hy amb AkXyamIpp. ap KmanIfpsS amKw kpc nXhpw ]n KmanIfpsS amKw hkvXp\njvThpw kahpamIppshv Imcyw a \ nem m Nne hnUvVnI ]d phcpp. c-p Im cyfn \nmWv CXns DdhnSw. Hv: Cu kmtXnI ]Z Adnbn pXp t]mep bYmamb hntijWsfmpwXs Amlphn \n F "Zpjn ' [mcWbp XpsIm-mWv C cw hn izmkw DSseSp pXv. c-v: ChcpsS hnizmk n ap KmanIfpsS amK saXv Amlphns hntijWfmb Cu kmtXnI ] Z v AYw Iev]n msXbp shdpw hm pIfmsW mIpp.Atm AhcpsS hmZ{]Imcw ke^pIfpsS am K n , Amlphns hntijW Aanm s]m bmb GXm\pw Nnehm pIfn \mw hnizkn pI FXns bpw Amlphns hntijWfpsS _mlyam b A n\v FXncmIp Aw ncoIcn pI F ]n KmanIfpsS hnizmk nt bpanS v Idns m-n cn pw. Aanm s]m bmb shdpw hm pI n coIcn pXnt\ m Cu kmtXnI ]ZfpsS AYw sImSp pXmWv IqSpX hkvXp\njvThpw kahpam bXv. C mcW memWv Cu hnUvVn ap KmanIfpsS am Kt m ]n KmanIfpsS amKs sXcs Sp pXv. Imcyw a\ nem m hnUvVnbpsS Cu hm n k Xyhpw AkXyhpw IqSn encn pp. ap KmanIfpsS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 32
amKw kpc nXamIppshXv kXyamWv. Fm ]n KmanIfpsS amKw hkvXp\njvThpw kahpamIppsh Xv ]e ImcW sIm-pw AkXyamIpp. Hv:(ap KmanIfpsS amKw kpc nXamIpp)sh AhcpsS hm nt\mSv CXv FXncmbnhcpp. ImcWw ap KmanIfpsS amKw kpc nXamWv FXv AhcpsS amKw \n_ ambpw hkvXp\njvThpw kahpambncn psa dnbn pp. F psIms-m hkvXp\njvTam Xv A\yq\amhpIbntm.kpc nXamIp ImcW sIm -mWv hkvXp\njvTXbp-mIpXv. B ImcWfneqsS kcn pt msg kaXbp-mIpbp q.AXp sIm-p Xs ap KmanIfpsS amKw kpc nXhpw hkvXp\njvT hpw kahpamIppshv hy amIpp. Imcyw a\ n em m Cu hnUvVn v CXn \nv Hcn epw hgnamdn tmIm IgnbpIbn. c-v: Amlphnv Cu kmtXnI ]Z Ipdn p bYmamb hntijWfnmsb AhcpsS hnizm kw \ncYIamIpp. ImcWw AXv ]ng [mcWbmep-m bXmIpp. F psIms-m Amlphns hntijW _p nsIm-pw {]IrXnsIm-pw aXw sIm-pw n csXmIpp. Amlphn\v ]cn]qWamb KpWfp-v FXns _p n]camb sXfnhv ]cntim[n mw. {]Xy nep F m n\pw HpIn ]cn]qWamb Hcp KpWtam Asn A]qWXbp Hcp KpWtam \n_ ambpw D-mbn cn pIbnsv ]dbsSpIbmsWn ,CXn c-mat Xv (A]qWamb KpWw) Bcm[\ l\mb c nXmhn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 33
te v tN p ]dbpt m AXv AbYmyamIpp. A Xp sIm-mWv hn{Kl p tI pI, ImWpI, D]Im ctam D]{Zhtam sN pI, krjvSn pI, klmbn pI, XpS nbhs mpw IgnbpIbn F \yq\XIfp Xp \nan w Ahsb Bcm[y\m pXv hyYamsWv Amlp hy am pXv. Atm c-mas \yq\Xbp KpWw hnêambm ]ns Hmas ]cn]qWamb KpWap Xmbn ncoIcn sSpp. AXpam{Xa krjvSn v ]cn]qWamb KpWaps-v A\p`hwsIm-pw sXfnhpsIm-pw ncs bmYmy amIpp. AmlphmWv Ah v AXv k m\n Xv Fncn s Ah\mWv AXn G hpw ]cn]qWambh . Amlphn\v ]cn]qWamb KpWfp-v FXns {]IrXn sXfnhv icnbmb _p nbp h Amlphns\ kv t\ln pXpw alXzsSp pXpw, Bcm[\bn p Xpsamw {]IrXnbpsS tXamIpp. ChnsS Xs Bcm[y \pw kwc I\pamb Amlphn\v A\ptbmPyhpw ]cn]q Whpamb KpW D-v FXmbn Adn memsX C jvSsSpItbm alXzsSp pItbm Bcm[n pItbm sN pIbn. Amlphn\v ]cn]qWamb KpWfp-v FXn\v Fa sXfnhpIfp-v. Amlp ]dbpp: Xm\msX bmsXmcp Bcm[y\panm h\mb Am lphmWh .AZriyhpw Zriyhpw Adnbph\mIpp A h . Ah ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIpp. Xm \msX bmsXmcp Bcm[y\panm AmlphmWh .cm XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Pm[nImcap h\pw ]ca]cnip \pw kam[m\w \evIp h\pw A`bw \evIph\pw ta t\mw hln ph\pw {] Xm]nbpw ]cam[nImcnbpw alXzap h\pamIpp Ah . Ah ]ptN pXn \nsmw Amlp F{Xtbm ] cnip ! {kjvSmhpw \namXmhpw cq]w \ Iph\pam b Amlphs{X Ah . Ah\v G hpw D aamb \ma fp-v. BImifnepw `qanbnepap h Ahs alXz s {]Io n pp. Ah\s{X {]Xm]nbpw bp nam \pw. (A livd: 22-24) as mc[ymb n : ""BImifnepw `qanbnepw G hpw DXamb Ah bp Xv AhmIpp.''(Adqw:27) as mc[ymb n : ""Amlp Ah\msX ssZhan. Fspw Pohn n cn ph . Fmw \nb{ n ph . (A _Jd: 255) ""AhmIpp DX\pw alm\pambnp h .'' (A iviqdm: 4) \_n()]dbpIbp-mbn: ""tl a\pjytc, \n \nfpsS tZltfmSv anX Xzw ImWn phn . \n hnfn p {]mYn pXv _[nc s\tbm knlnX\m hs\tbm A. adn v tI p hpw ImWphs\bpamWv \n hnfn p{]mn p Xv.\n bambpw \n hnfn ph \n Hmtcmcp cpsSbpw hml\ ns (HIw t]mep hbpsS)Igp ns\ m Aht\mSv ASpap h\mIpp. (AlvaZv 18774, _p: 3887, ap : 4873) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqv: Aw AwKoIcn msX shdpw kmtXnI ] Zfnep hnizmkw am{XamWv ap KmanIfpsS amKsa AhcpsS hnizmkw ke^pIfpsStaep AhcpsS B tcm]Whpw s]m bmb hnizmkhpamIpp.F psImsm Amlphns hntijWfpsS ]Zhpw Ahpw G hpw IqSpX AdnbpXpw Amlphpw Ahs {] hmNI\pw Dtin X\pkcn v Amlphnv tbmPn p Aw ncoIcn v a p h p ]Tnn Xpw Cu kap Zmb nse ke^pIfmWv. \mev: \_namcpsS A\ cmhIminIfmWv ap KmanI . bYm hnizmk ns bpw ssZhnI kti ns bpw DdhnSfn \nmWh Imcy a\ nem nbncn pXv. Fm Cu ]n KmanIfmIs A nbmcm[Icn \n pw, _lpssZh hnizmknIfn \npw ]ng PqXmcn \npw, {Ko pImcn \npamWv AhcpsS Adnhv t\Snbn cn pXv. Fncns A nbmcm[IcpsSbpw, _lpssZh hnizmknIfpsSbpw, PqXmcpsSbpw {Ko pImcpsSbpw A hcpsS k XnIfptSbpsamw A\ chIminIsfs\ bmWv \_namcpsS A\ cmhIminIsf m Amlphn s \mahntijWsf n IqSpX AdnbpXv?! Av: Adnhnepw bp nbnepw ap KmanIfpsS amK t m Imcyw a\ nem m Cu AhnthIn GsXm cp amKs bmtWm t{ijvSsSp pXv, B amKw kzo Icn pIbpw {]hmNIs amKs AhKWn pIbpw ap tJ\ Ah ]cn{à Nn cpw Bib pg neIshcp amIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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ChcpsS ]cyhkm\w sNs pXv hy am n s m-v AhcpsS t\Xm fnsemcmfmbncp Camw dmkn () ]dbpXv t\m pI. _p nbpsS apt ns A yw _ \amWv. temI cpsS A[nI {]h \hpw amK{`wiamWv. \ psS B m \ psS icoc nse GIm Xbn emWv.\ psS sFlnI PohnX nse t\w _p nappw t ihpamWv. a p h ]d sXms tiJcn pshmsX Zo Lamb \ psS BbpjvImes At\zjW n \nv \aps mcp D]Imchpw e`n n. XpSv Atlw Cs\ ]d p: XZznjbIambn (Amlphns \ma ntijWsf h pdn v) hN\ imkv{X ] nXmcpw XXzimkv{X cpw kcn hgnIsf pdn v Rm ]cntim[n p. Fm A h tcmKnbpsS tcmKw kpJsSp mt\m, Zmlms Zm lw iann mt\m ] nb bmsXmpw F\n Xn Zin m km[n n. hnip JpB\ns amKw F{X kphy w.
""]caImcpWnI knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mbncn pp.
(Xzml:5)
""Ahte mWv (Amlphnte v) D a hN\ IbdntmIpXv.'' (^mXzn:10)
A{]Imcw Amlp Ahv C Fdnbn hbn C XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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{]Imcw hmbn mhpXmWv.

""Ah\pXpeyambn bmsXmpan.'' (Aiviqdm: 11) ""Ah v Ahs\ n bmsXmpw ]qWambn Adn bm\mhpIbn.'' (Xzmlm: 110)
XpSv Atlw ]d p: Rm D mln Xpt]mse hhcpw D mln pIbmsWn Rm\dn Xv t]mse Ah pw Adnbm IgnbpXmIpp.(5) X hgntISnepw A]Ykmc nepamsWv kz bw k Xn p ChcpsS amKw Fns\bmWv k cnX cmb {]hmNImsc ]n pSv Amlp Adnhpw XXz m\hpw I\n cpfnb kmK ns [zPhmlIcpw A Imc nse Zo]fpambn ap KmanIfpsS amKt m D aamb amKamhpI? bYm hnizmkhpw h kvXp \njvTamb Adnhpw Ic am nb Chsc, a p h cpambn XmcXaysSp ph e n pI. AXn\m ap KmanIfpsS amKw kpc nXhpw hkv Xp \njvThpw k hpamIppshv hy amIpp.
ap KmanIfpsS amKs pdnv ]n KmanIfn NnecpsS A`n{]mbw

]n KmanIfn Nne ]dbpp:""Amlphns hnti jWfn ap KmanIfpsS amKw {]amWfn h ]
(5)
Camw dmkn() Ah-km-\-Im-e-L-- n cNn AJvkm-ap- -m v F {K n \nv/ A mam apl- Zv A -A-ao io-Xzn-bpsS Afvhm-D _bm F X^vko hmfyw 7 t]Pv 383
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Z AtX{]Imcw Ahbnse _( mlyamb)s\ Dtin msX hnizkn emIpp. Cu hmNIw AtX]Sn kzoIcn mhX. ImcWw F hm v hniZoIcWamhiysSpp. bmsXmnt\mSpw kmZriyam m \nebn Am lphn\v A\ptbmPyamb hntijWfmWv FXp sIm-v Dtin pXv Fn AXpXsbmWv bYm hnh . CX Dtiysav hhcpw a\]qhw hnizkn p ]dbpIbmsWn Atlw ]ng h\mIpp.Cu ]ng hn izmkw ap KmanIfpsS hnizmkamsWv Ahcnte v tN v ]dbpIbmsWn Abm \pWbt\m sX p ] n bht\m BIpp. Nne hnNmcn pXpt]mse Amlphns hntij Wsf {]Xy n Amlphns krjvSnItfmSv km ZriysSp pIbmWv Dtin psXn AXv Hcn epw Dtin sSm ]mSnm XmIpp. A{]Imcw B ]Z Adnbn pn. ImcWw Amlp krjvSnItfmSv kmZr iysS Akm[yamb ImcyamIpp.JpB\ns bpw kp ns bpw hN\ Hcn epw Akm[yamb Imcyam Im \nhr nbn.sX p] nsbpw {]kvXpX ]Zfn \nv hy amIpXv sX mb Cu BibamsWv hh \pw hnNmcn ppshn Abm v sX p] n.bYm n Cu kmtXnI ]Z sIm-v Dtin sSpXv Amlphnv A\ptbmPyhpw {]tXyIhpamb hntijW ncoIcn epamsWpw hy am ns mSp Ww. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Cu hniZoIcWw aptJ\ \mw aqe{]amW v ]Z nepw A nepw Ahbln p m\w \ Inbn cn pp.
kXyhpw AkXyhpw Iqn pg pp

]n KmanIfn Nne ]dbpp: Amlphns hnti jWfn ke^pIfpsS amKhpw Ah hymJym\n p hcpsS amKhpw X n hyXymksampan. ImcWw B b pItfm lZokpItfm Amlphns hntijWsf pdn v {]Xn]mZn pnm FXn Chscmhcpw GIm `n{]mb mcmWv. ]t kzn^m pIsf hymJym\n ph AXn \ImWpIbpw AXns\ hymJym\nt - Bh iyap Xmbn a\ nem n AXns Dtiye yw \nW bn pIbpw sN pp.Fm ke^pIfmIs kn^mXpI fpsS Dtiye y as mmbncn km[yXbp Xn\m Ah \nWbn msX Hgn p \nev pIbpw sN p p.'' CXv ke^pIfpsS taep hy amb IfhmIpp. F p sIms-m Ahcnsemcmfpw Xs Amlphn\v tbmPn pXmb Ahs hntijWsf pdn p ]Z fpsS Adnbn p bmsXmpw \ntj[n pn. adn v AhcpsS hm pIfn \nv sam n Amlphns hntijWsf Ah Adnbn v XXv t]mse AwKoIcn phcmbpw Ah \ntj[n pItbm Amlphns\ Ah s krjvSnItfmSv kmZriysSp pItbm sN phsc AkzoImcyambn ImWpIbpw sN pXmbmWv t_m[yam IpXv. {]kn lZokv ] nX\mb Camw _pJmcnbpsS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Kpcp\mY A lm^nfv \psFap_v\p l mZn Jpkm Cu ]d Xp t]mse. Amlphns\ krjvSnItfmSv kmZriysSp ph AhnizmknbmIpp.Amlp Ahs\ pdn v hntijnn n p Xns\ \ntj[n ph\pw AhnizmknbpamIpp. A mlphpw Ahs {]hmNI\pw Amlphns\ pdn v hn tijnn np h A{]Imcw a\ nem kmZriysSp emIpn. Amlphns kn^ pIsf ncoIcn p ke ^pI (ap KmanI ) Ah hymJym\n phtcmSv tbmPn pn.Ah (hymJym\n phsc) Amlphns kn^ pI ncoIcn m th-n Amlphns\ krjvSnI tfmSv kmZriysSp phcpw Amlphn\v icocaps-v hmZn phcpamsWv ke^pIfpsS ta Nne ]n Kman I Btcm]n pp. Bb pItfm lZokpItfm Amlphns hntij Wsf pdn v {]Zn]mZn pnm F Imcy n ap KmanI Chcpambn tbmPn phcmbncpsn Ah Chsc FXncmfnIfm pItbm Amlphns KpWsf kmZriysSp phcpw Ahbhfmbn \ncq]n ph cpambpw Ip sSp pItbm sN pambncpn.
ap KmanI F p ]d p
Amlphns \ma ntijWfn h Bb pI h sfbpw lZokpIsfbpw kw_ n v ap KmanIfn \nv s]mXphmbXpw {]tXyIambXpamb A`n{]mbw {]kn am Wv. AXns\bmWv. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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""Amlphns hntijW {]amWfn hn p Xp {]Imcw cq] kev]anmsX hniZoIcWw sImSp pI'' F hN\w kp{]kn amWv. Camw aIvlq (), C amw kplvco(), Camw amenIp_v\p A\kv(), Camw kp ^vbm\p ucn(), Camw sseYv_\p kAZv(), Camw Au kmCu() apXembhcn \npamWv C{]Imcw D cn sSpXv. Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n ph pw, Ahsb krjvSnItfmSv kmZriysSp ph pap J \aSnbncn pp ta hN\ n . Atm ""{]am Wfn hnp Xv {]Imcw hniZoIcWw sImSp pI'' FXn Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n ph p J \amWv. ""cq] k ]anmsX''FXn A mlphns hntijWsf kmZriysSp ph p J \hpap-v. A{]Imcw JpB\pw \_nhN\fpamIp {]amW fn ]cmain snp KpWhntijWsfmw A mlphns alXz n\v \nc p hn[ n ap KmanI ncoIcn ppshXn\p sXfnhp IqSnbmWv ta h N\w. c-v amKfneqsS AXv hy amIpp: Hv: {]amWfn hnp Xp {]Imcw hniZoIc Ww sImSp pI'' FXns Aw Ah GXfn emtWm hnp Xv. AtX{]Imcw \ne\n pI FXm Ipp. Amlphns alXz n\v \nc p As XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v n
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coIcn pXn\mWv Ah hnp sXXn bmsXmcp kw ibhpan. ap KmanI Ah v Aw I ]n pnm sbn Ah ""AhbpsS ]Zs hniZoIcWw sImSp p I, A n CSs]ScpXv'' Ftm at m Bbncpp ] dtb-nbncpXv. c-v: ""cq]kev]anmsX'' F ap KmanIfpsS hm v Amlphns kn^m pIfmbn JpB\n ]d np hbpsS bYmamb A n Xs ncoIcn ppshv hy am pp. F psIms-m Ahbp sS k qWamb Ah bm Amlphneps-v Ah hnizkn pnmbncpsn Ah v cq] k ] s \ntj[nt - Bhiyap-mbncpn . am{Xhpa ncoIcn sSm Hn\v kz amb AkvXnXzw C. F ncns AXns cq] k ]s \ntj[n pXv \nc IamIpp. {]kn ] nX\mb Camw AlvaZp_v\p l () Amlphns Hm\mImit p Cd w t]mep Xn s\ pdn v ]d hN\w ""\maXv hnizkn pIbpw AwKoIcn pIbpw sN p p. AXn\v cq]tam Atam C.'' FXns adp]Sn sb msWv tNmZyap-mtb mw. CXn\v \mw C{]Imcw a dp]Sn \ pp. bYm n Plvanbm fpw Am hcpamb kn ^m pIsf \ntj[n ph BhnjvIcns Sp A s bmWv Camw AlvaZv() ChnsS \ntj[n pXv. Cu AYw aptJ\ Ah JpB\pw \_nhN\fpamIp XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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{]amWfn ]cmain snp KpWhntijWfp sS _mlyamb A n\p FXncmIp Aw \evIn hfs mSn pIbmWp-mbXv. ta hnhcn Xn \npw Camw AlvaZv() A hpw cq]hpw \ntj[n Xv ]p hmZnIfmb Amlphns kn^m pIsf \ntj[n p( )h pw, Ah kmZriy sSp p( )h pap J \amsWv hy w. A{]Imcw Camw apl Zp_v\p lk Ass _m \n()bpsS ""JpB\nepw \_n()bn \nv hnizmktbm Kyamb \nebn hnp lZoYpIfnepw temI c nXm hns hntijWsf pdn p ]cmaisf hniZoI cWtam hW\tbm cq]k ]tam kmZriysSp tem IqSmsX hnizknt -Xp-v F hnjb n Ing pap X ]Sn mdphscbp kh ] nXmcpw GtIm]n ncn ppsh hN\s pdn v {K Imc (ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXanb() ]d Xpw C mcyw Xsbm Wv Adnbn pXv. (aPvaqAv ^Xmhmhm: 5, t]Pv 50) AXmbXv ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXanb () ]d bpIbp-mbn: k cnXcmb {]hmNIm\pNcmcpw Ahsc ]n pShcpw Amlphns kn^m pIsf a\ nem nbXn\p hn]coXambn Ah \ntj[n p ]p hmZn Ifmb Plvanbm kn^ pI v \ Inb hniZoIc Wt bmWv Atlw ta hN\ n Dtin pXv. CXn \npw Amlphns hntijWsf pdn p Bb pIfpsSbpw lZokpIfpsSbpw hniZoIc XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Ww c-phn[ap-v Fv a\ nem mw. Hv : kzoImcyamb hniZoIcWw: k cnXcmb {]hm NIm\pNcmcpw Ahsc ]n pShcpw kzoIcn Jp B\pw \_nhN\fpamIp {]amWtfmSv tbmPn p Amlphns alXz n\v \nc p hn[ nep A w ncoIcn . c-v: AkzoImcyamb hniZoIcWw: k cnXcmb {] hmNI\pNcmcpw Ahsc ]n pShcpw Amlphns kn^m pIsf a\ nem nbXn\p hn]coXambp hniZo IcWamWXv. Amlphns kn^m pI v cq]apt-m? F tNmZy n\v AXn\v cq]ap-v FmWv adp]Sn. ]t A Xns cq]w \ap v A mXamIpp. ImcWw Hcp hkvXphns cq]w \ap v AdnbpXv AXns\ t\cntm Asn AXpt]mep Xns\tbm Im WpXp aptJ\bmWv. AXsn AXns\ pdn v hkv Xp \njvTambn Adnbphcn \ntm BIpp. Cu am Ksfmpw Xs Amlphns hntijWfpsS Im cy n km[ya AXpsIm-pXs ap KmanI cq]an Fv ]d Xns Aw Amlphns\ thsdmn t\mSv cq]sSp m ]mSn FmWv. adn v Ah Am lphns kn^m pIfpsS cq]sf s \ntj[n p psham n qSm F p sIms-m AXv Ah sb s \ntj[n emIpp .
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Amlphns HuXyw
Amlphns HuXysa hntijWw Ahs Zm Xnbmb (AkvXnXz]camb) hntijWfn s]XmWv.A Xv c-v hn[amIpp. 1. AkvXnXz nep HuXyw. 2. hntijWfnep HuXyw Amlphns hntijWfnep HuXyw sIm -v Dtin sSpXv,alXz ntem khm[n]Xy ntem AXsn `wKnbntem ]Zhnbntem GXnemsWnepw A mlp kKpW k qW\mWv FXmWv. Amlphns ZmXnep HuXyw sIm-p Dt iyw:Amlphns AkvXnXzw Fm krjvSnItf mfpw ao sXbmWv FXmIpp. JpB\pw kp pw CPvamDw7 _p nbpw {]IrXnbpw AXv k Xn pp. JpB\nepw kp nepw AXphy am p [mcm fw sXfnhpI ImWmw. JpB Amlphns\ pdn v H cnS v Amlphns HuXyamWv ]dbpsXn a s mcnS v apIfnemsWpw thsdsbmcnS v knwlmk\ n BtcmlnX\mIpXns\ pdn pamWv {]kvXmhn n p Xv. Amlp ]dbpXv t\m pI: Ah (Amlp) DX\pw alm\pamIpp (A _ Jd: 255) AXypX\mb \ns c nXmhns \maw {]Io n pI (A AAvem:1) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 46
Ah paosXbp AhcpsS c nXmhns\ Ah ` bsSpp. (Alv :50) ]caImcpWnI (Xzmlm:5) knwlmk\mtcmlnXI\mIpp.
BImim p h \nsf `qanbn Bgv n fbp hs\ n \n \n`bcmbncn pIbmtWm? (A ap Iv: 16) \_n()]dbpIbp-mbn. Aiv AXn\v (BImi n\v) aosXbmIpp. (Alva Zv: 6564) Amlp Ain\paosXbmIpp. \n Fs hnizkn pnstbm Rm BImi nep hs hnizkvX\mIpp. (_pJmcn: 4004) AtX{]Imcw a p Nne efn ]eXpw Amlp hnte v IbdpIbpw DbcpIbpw sN pXmbmWv JpB ]cnNbsSp pXv. Xmsg hcp hN\ Ah hy am pp: Ahte mWv (Amlphnte v) D a hN\ IbdntmIpXmWv. (^mXzn: 10) ae pIfpw B mhpw Ahte v IbdntmIpp. (A aBcnPv: 4) Fm Atls Amlp Ahte v Db p Ibs{X sNbvXXv (AnkmAv:158) \_n()]dbpIbp-mbn: XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 47
\XmsX Amlphnte v IbdntmIpIbn (_p Jmcn: 6878) ]noSv cm{Xnbn \ntfmsSmw Ign pIqnbh(A mlphnte v) IbdntmIpp. (_p: 522, ap:1001) ]Iense IafpsS ap mbn cm{Xnbnse Ia Ahte v DbsSpp. A{]Imcw cm{Xnbnse Ia fpsS ap mbn ]Iense Iafpw. (apkvenw: 263) AtX{]Imcw a p Nne efn ]eXpw Amlp hn \nv CdpXmbpw JpB ]cnNbsSp p p. Amlp ]dbpp: CXv temIc nXmhn (A lmJvJ:43) \nv Cd sXmIpp.
]dbpI: \ns c nXmhn \nv AXv Cd nbncn pp. (Alv :102) cm{XnbpsS aqnsemcp`mKw _m n \nev p kab v A\p{KloX ]qW\pw DX\pamb \ psS c nXm hv Hm\mImit v CdnhcpXmWv. (_p 1077, apkv enw: 1261) Amlp Fm krjvSnItf mfpw aosXbmsWv C s\ [mcmfw Bb pIfpw \_n()bpsS XncphN\ fpw hy am nbncns AXn \n_ ambpw \mw hniz knt -XmIpp. Amlp BImi p apIfn knwlmk\ n\p aosXbmsWXn {]hmNIm\pNcmcpw \bn Ah sc ]n pShcpw (Xm_nDI ) Alvep p ns Cam XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 48
apIfpw GtIm]n ncn pp. AhcpsS hm pI J amb C cw ]cmai sIm-v [\yamWv.
nX
Camw HukmCu() ]dbpIbp-mbn: [mcmfw Xm_n DIfp-mbncns R ]dbpambncpp Amlp Ah s\ pdn v Ah Ain\p(knwlmk\ n\p) apIfnem sWv ]d ncn pp. Amlphns hntijWsf pdn v kp n hnp Fmw \mw hnizkn pp. Camw HukmCu() CXv ]d Xv Amlphns hntij Wsfbpw HuXys bpw \ntj[n p Plvans hm Zw cwK {]thi\w sNbvXXn\v tijambncpp. C{]Imcw R ]d ncpXv F psIms-m ap KmanI P lvanbm fpsS Cu hmZ n\v FXncmsWv P\ A dntb-Xn\mbncpp. Amlp BImi nen Ftm Ahs AkvXnXzw sIm-v Fm e pw Ah\p-v Ftm Fm e hpw Ahs\ kw_ n nSt mfw Hcpt]msebmsWtm Ah Cu temI ns D ntem ]pdt m BsWtm GsXnepsamcp hkvXphnt\mSv tNncn ppshtm hn p \n ppshtm Ah\nte v BwKyw ImWn cpXv Ftm ap KmanIfn \nv Hcmfpw Xs ]d nn. {] XypX krjvSnIfn Amlphns\ pdn v G hpw IqSpX Adnbp {]hmNI AhnSps hnShm l n Ad^m ssaXm\ n kt fn ncn p P\kbt m Sv AhnsS sh v Amlp Xnte ]n ktiw F n p sImSp Xn\v Xs c nXmhns\ km n \n n sIm-v ]dbpIbp-mbn. (Amlpsh \o km nbmWv)... (_pJm cn 1625, apkvenw 2137) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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C\n _p n]cambn t\m pIbmsWn icnbmb _p n c-p \ne v Amlp Xs AkvXnXzw sIm-v kr jvSnIfpsS ta HuXyw t\Snbh\mIppshv hnizkn \n_ amsWdnbn pp. Hv: DXvIjX FXv Hcp ]cn]qWamb hntij WamWv. Amlp Fm hn[ nepw ]cn]qWambncn pI FXv \n_ amIpp.Atm A\p{KloX ]qW\pw DX\pamb Amlphn\v HuXysa hntijWhpw A \nhmcyamWv. c-v: DX\mIpI FXns hn]coXamWtm Xmgv h\mhpI FXv. Xmgvh\mbncn pI FXv \yq\X bpsS hntijWhpamWv. AmlphmsWn A\yq\\m Ipp. FXpsIm-p Xs Xmgvh\mIpI F \yq\ XbpsS KpW n \nv Ah ]cnip \pw AXns hn ]coXamb DXambhs\ hntijWw Ah\v ncs XpamIpp. C\n {]IrXn]camsWn : Ad_nIsfbpw A\d_n Isfbpsa arKsfbS w Fm krjvSnIsfbpw ]S np Xv Amlphnepw Ahs HuXy nepw hnizkn t - \nebnemWv. AXn\m GsXmcSnabpw {]mY\ ap tJ\tbm Bcm[\bn pXv aptJ\tbm Xs c n Xmhnte v Xncnbppshn Ah \ymbambpw Am lphns HuXyw Is- pIbpw CSt mtm het m tm XncnbmsX D]cn`mKt v Ahs lrZbs Xncn pIbpw sN pw. ]nimNp fpw tZtlObpw hgnsX n h\msX Cu {]IrXnbpsS tX n \nv sX ntmhp Ibn. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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A_p aBen A Ppssh\n Atl ns kZ n C{]Imcw ]dbpambncpp: ""Amlp D-mbncpp as mpw D-mbncpn. Ah ap v GsXmch bnem tWm D-mbncpXv Ctmgpw B Ah bn Xsbm Ipp.'' AYhm Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mbncn p pshXv \ntj[n pIbmWv Cu hm v aptJ\ Atlw sN pXv. DSs\ A_qPA^dp laZm\n ]dbpIbp-m bn:""Ains\ pdn v RtfmSv ]dtb-Xn mcWw A I Xv {]amWfm ncsXmIpp]{ IrXym \ psS lr Zbfne\p`hsSp Cu tXs pdn v R v ]d p Xcq. Amlpth, Fv GsXmcmfpw Adn psIm-v ]dbppshn {]IrXym Ahs lrZb n DX\m b Amlphnt\mSp tXap-mIpp. Ah CSt m tm het mtm XncnbpIbn. {]IrXnbne\p`hsSp Cu tXs \ap v Fs\ Xn\o m Ignbpw?'' DSs\ A_p aBen Xebn ASn psIm-v \nehn fn v C{]Imcw ]d p: ""laZm\nsbs Bib pg nem nbncn pp. lam Zm\nsbs Bib pg nem nbncn pp.'' shv ]d bpIbp-mbn: ta ]d Cu Ap sXfnhpI Fmw Xs A mlp apIfnemsWv ncoIcn phbmWv. Fm Amlphns hN\fmb 1) Ah XsbmWv BImifnepw `qanbnepw km m Bcm[y . \nfpsS clkyhpw ]ckyhpw Ah Adnbpp. (A A Bw:3) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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2) Ah\mIpp BImi v Bcm[y\mbp h\pw `q anbn Bcm[y\mbp h\pw (A pJvdq^v: 84) ta ]d ChbpsSsbmw kmcw, Amlp BImi nep Xpt]mse `qanbnepap-v F ne. Bsc nepas\ k ]n pItbm ]qhnIcn \nv D cn pItbm sN ppshn Ah\v A_ w ]nWbpIbpw D cn h Ifhp ]dbph\pamIpp. bYm n Hmas Bb ns kmcw: BIm i pw `qanbnepw Bcm[y\mbp h AmlphmIpp shXmWv. Ah c-nepap Fm krjvSnIfpw Ahs\ bmWv Bcm[n pXv. as mc`n{]mb n ta Bb n s Aw Amlp BImi nemIpp.tijw Amlp ]d p: `qanbn \nfpsS clkyhpw ]ckyhpw Ah A dnbpp.(A A Bw: 3) FXmWv. AYhm Amlp B ImifnemWp Xv FXv Ah \nfpsS clky fpw ]ckyfpw AdnbpXn\v XS amIpn. c-mas Bb ns hnh :Amlp BImi v Bcm[y\mbp h\mIpp. `qanbnepw Bcm[y\mbp h\mIpp. AYhm Amlp BImi mWp sXnepw BImi nepw `qanbnepw Ah Bcm[y\mIppsh w. DZmlcWambn Hcm a bnse `cWm[nImcnbmIp p. aZo\bnepw `cWm[nImcnbmIpp. Fv ]dbpXv t]mse ChnsS `cWm[nImcn CXntesXnepsamcp e msWnepw AbmfpsS `cWw Ahcnep-mIpp. CXv `mjm]cambpw icnbmb {]tbmKamWv. . XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Zni ( eImew)
Cu A[ymb n Amlphn\v Xmgv`mKw ta `mKw XpSnb ZniIfpt-m Ct? Fv hniZam m\mWv \mw Dtin pXv. Cu hnjb n G hpw icn: s]mXphn Amlphn\v Znibp-v Ftm Cm Ftm ]dbmXncn emWv. adn v A ]w hniZoIcnt -Xp-v. Xmgv`mKamWv Dtiysan Amlphns\ kw_ n nSt mfw Cm Xpw ]mSnm XpamIpp. ImcWw F m \ne pw Amlp Ahs k bnepw KpW nepw ta tebmbncn \n_ amIpp. Ahs\ hebw sNbvXpsIm-p ta `mKamWv Dt iysan AXv Amlphns\ kw_ n nSt mfw Cm Xpw ]mSnm XpamIpp.ImcWw Amlphns GsX nepsamcp krjvSn Ahs\ hebw sN pXn \npw A h G hpw al mbh\pw DX\pamIpp.am{Xa, A hs "]mZ ]oTw' (Ipkn v) BImi`qanIsf apgph D s m pXmbncns Fs\bmWnXnp IgnbpI? Dbns gptev]ns \mfn `qan apgph Ahs Hcp ]nSnbn HXppXmbncn pw. BImi Ahs heXv I n Npcpn ]nSn shbpambncn pw.Ah\s{X ]cnip ! Ah ]ptN pXns\mw Ah AXoX \mbncn pp. (A pa: 67) Fm Amlphns alXz n\pw HuXy n\pw \nc p hn[ n Ahs\ hebw sN msXbp `mK amWv Dtiysan AXv A\nhmcyambpw Ah\v ncs XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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XmIpp. ssiJv A_q apl Zv A_vZn JmZn Poem\n () Atl ns A Kp b: F {K n ]dbpp: ""Ah (Amlp) apI mK v knwlmk\ n B tcmlnX\pw Ahs B[n]Xyw Fm hkvXp sfbpw h ebw sN pIbpw sNbvXncn pp.'' AXmbXv Ah k hm[n]Xnbpw A\p{Kl]qW\pamsWYw. Amlphns GsXnepsamcp krjvSn Ahs\ he bw sN pXns\ \n \ntj[n pIbmsWn Am lp Ahs\ pdn v Ah BImi nemsWv Ahs {K neqsSbpw Ahs ZqXs \mhneqsSbpw hy am pIbpw apkvenw kaqlw Cu hnjb n GtIm]n p Ibpw sNbvXXns\ Ipdn v F p]dbpp? Fp tNmZn m AXn\p adp]Snsb mWv? Amlp BImi mWv FXn\v BImiw Ahs\ hebw sN ppshan. As\ hhcpw kz w Aw \evIppshn Ah ]ng hcmIpp. AX a phhcnte pw tN n sIm-v ]d XmsWn A Xv sX mbXpw IfhpamIpp. F psIms-m Am lphns alXzhpw Fm krjvSnIsfbpw Ah hebw sNbvXncn ppshpw Dbns gpt ]ns \mfn `q an apgph Ahs Hcp ]nSnbn HXppXmbncn psa pw {K fpsS GSpI Npcpp {]Imcw BImis Ah Npcpn fbpsapw Adnbp HcmfpsS Nn bn epw Amlphns krjvSnIfntesXnepsamv Amlphn s\ hebw sN m aXnbmbXmsWv Ahs a\ nepXn pIbn Xs. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Cu ASn m\ n Amlp BImi nemWv F Xv Xmsg hcp c- n GsXnepsammIpw.

Hv: kamAv (D]cn`mKw) FXpsIm-p hn h apIfn FmIpw. Atm AXns Aw Am lp apI `mK p-mIppshm bncn pw hcnI. FXn\v Cu AYw JpB\n Xs hnpap-v. A mlp ]dbpXv t\m q.
""Ah \nfpsS ta BImi v \nv sh w sNmcnbpIbpw sN pp.'' (A A ^m :11) AXmbXv ap Ifn \nv Fv hnh . taL n \nmWtm ag s] pXv.
(ô) AYhm " ' FXns Dtiyw ( Aem) F hym ]Iamb A nemWv. AX\pkcn v BImi n\papI fn FamIpw. "ô' FXn\v " Aem' F Ahy b n ""aosX'' F Aw JpB\nepw a pw [mcm fw efn hnpap-v. Amlp ]dbpXv t\m q. c-v: ^ n amC (BImi n ) FXnse
"AXn\m `qanbneqsS btYjvSw kcn psIm p I' (A u_:2) AYhm `qanbpsS apIfneqsS Fw.
Amlphns knwlmk\mtcmlWw
BtcmlWw sN pI FYw \evInb FXv ]cn]qWXsb Ipdn p hyXykvX AYfn ]dbm dp-v. JpB\n CXv aqv coXnbn hnp-v. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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1. B ]Zw thsd Hpambn tNphcmsX \ncp]m[n Iw ]db . kqd p Jkknse 14mw hN\ n h t]mse. Amlp ]dbpp: ""As\ Atlw (aqkm \_n () i n{]m]n pI bpw ]mIX F pIbpw sNbvXtm '' AXmbXv ]qWam btm , 2. "te v' FYw hcp (" )Cem' FXn t\mSv tNpsIm-v. Amlp ]dbpp: ""]pdsa Ah BImi ns t\ v Xncn p.'' (A ^p neXv:11) AXmbXv ]qWamb Dtiyt msS. 3. "apIfn ' Fw hcp "( Aem') FXn t\mSv tNpsIm-v Amlp ]dbpp: ""AhbpsS ]pd v \n Ccnpdn phm\pw...''(A pJvdq^v:13) Atm AXns Aw HuXyhpw n cXbpamWv. ChnsS Amlp Ahs knwlmk\ n . Atm Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mbncn pp shXns Aw Ahs alXz n\v \nc p coXn bn AXnt BtcmlnX\mbncn ppshmWv.CXv hn ip JpB\pw kp pw CPvamDw hy am nb Am lphns ^nAven mb(Ia]camb) hntijWamIpp. JpB\n \np sXfnhv, Amlp ]dbpp: ]caImcpWyI knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mbncn pp. (Xzmlm:5) kp n \np sXfnhv: Jm Xs "A p'' F {K n Camw _pJmcnbpsS \n_ \sb kzlo XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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lmb ]c cbneqsS D cn pp. JXmZ C_v\p \pAvam () \nthZ\w, \_n() C{] Imcw ]dbpXmbn Rm tIncn pp. Amlp krjvSn n \npw hncan tm Ahs knwlmk\ n B tcmlnX\mIpIbp-mbn. CXv, C_v\p J nw() Xs C PvXnamC Ppbqkn Ckveman F {K n t]: 34 ]dbpp-v. (apJvXkdp Dephv:1/75) ssiJv A_qapl Zv A_vZp JmZn Poem\n() ]d bpp: Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\msWXv Fm {] hmNIm pw AhXcnn snp {K fn ]db s ImcyamIpp. Amlp "Ain ' BtcmlWw sNbvXpshXn Alvep p n h PamA nSbn X an.Ahcnsem cmfpw Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\ Fv ]d nt bn. As\ Ah ]d Xmbn ASn m\]cambn Hcm pw D cn m km[yhpa. Camw amenIv()tbmSv Hcm C njbIambn tNmZn pIbp-mbn. Atbm A_q A_vZn (]ca ImcpWnI knwlmk\ n BtcmlnX\mWv) F s\bmWv BtcmlnX\mbXv? DSs\ Atlw hnb p Ipfn v Xe Xmtgmm n \n _vZ\mbncpp. ]noSv ]d p: BtcmlnX\mIpI FXv kphy w. AXns cq]w A mXhpamWv. AXn hnizkn emIs \n_ hp amIpp. AXns\ pdn v tNmZn pXv _nZvA mWv. \n ssbmcp _nZvA pImc\mbnmsX Rm ImWpn. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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tijw Abmsf Atl ns kZ n \npw ]pd m m I ]n pIbpw sN pIbp-mbn. C{]Imcw Camw amenIv()bpsS aI d_oAbn \n pw D cn sncn pp. ChnsS Camw AhI ]d ( Btcm lnX\mhpI FXv AdnbsSm X) FXns Dt iyw `mjbn AXns Aw AdnbsSm X Fm Ipp. CkvXnhmAv Fm `mjbne Xns Aw Hu Xyhpw ncoIcWhpamWv. ( AXns cq]w A mXhpamWv) F Xns bw \ psS Adnhpw bp nbpw _p nbpw sh p sIm-v kh NcmNcfpsSbpw {kjvSmhmb Am lp Fs\bmWv knwlmk\ n BtcmlnX\mIp sXv \ap dnbm km[ya. AXp \ap dnbm Ignbp I Amlphns {]hmNIs \mhn \np A[ym] \w sIm-v am{XamWv.Amlp BtcmlnX\mIpXns cq ]w {]hmNI\n \nv D cn snnXm\pw._p n]c hpw {]amWhpamb Cu c-p sXfnhpIfpw CmXmbm ]n s AXv A mXhpambn ocpp. AXpsIm-p Xs AXns\ pdn v au\w Zo n \n_ amIpp.
( AXn hnizkn em Is \n_ am
Ipp) Amlp Ahs alXz n\v \nc p coXnbn knwlmk\ n BcqV\mIppshv \mw hnizkn \n_ amWv. ImcWw Amlp Ah s alXz n\v \n c p coXnbn knwlmk\ n BtcmlnX\mIpp XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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shv \mwhnizkn \n_ hpamWv.ImcWw Amlp Ahs\ pdn v Ah knwlmk\mtcm lnX\mIppshv ]dbpp. AXn\m AXv AwKoIcn epw hnizkn epw \n_ amWv.
( AXns\ pdn v tNmZn pXv _nZvA
mIpp) Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX \mbXns cq ]w At\zjn _nZvA mIpp. \_n()bpsStbm A hnSps A\pNcmcpsStbm Imcyfn C cw Hcp tNmZyap-mbnn. Amlphns knwlmk\mtcmlWs s\ pdn v C amw amenIv() ]d Cu s]mXp AfhptImeneqsSbmWv JpB\nepw {]hmNIs \mhneqsSbpw Amlphn\p Xmbn ncs Fm KpWhntijWsf pdn pw \mw hnizknt -Xv. AhbpsS `mjm]camb Aw \ap v AdnbmhpXmWv Fm AhbpsS cq]sa msWv(ssI ^nb v)\ap v A mXamIpp. F psIms-m {] ] {kjvSmhmb Amlphns KpWhntijWsf p dn v Ah \ap v Adnbn pXnp-v. Fm AhbpsS cq]sa msWv (ssI^nb v) Ah \ap v Adnbn pX nn. am{Xhpa Amlphns KpWhntijWfnep N Amlphns k bnep N bpsS `mKw X sbmIpp. bmsXmcp cq]k ]hpanmsX Amlphn s k sb \mw AwKoIcn ppshn AXv Ahs KpWhntijWfpsS Imcy nepw cq]k ]anmsX AwKoIcnt -XmIpp.
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Nne ] nXm ]dbpIbp-mbn: Amlp Hm\m Imit v Cdnhcpw.Fs\bmWv CdpI? Fv A mlphns KpWhntijWsf \ncmIcn p Plvanbm fnsemcm \ntmSv tNmZn pIbmsWn , Amlp C dpsav \ap v Adnbn pXncn pp Fm F s\bmWndpI Fv \ap v Adnbn p Xnn FmW htcmSv \o ]dtb-Xv. thsd Nne ] nXm ]dbpIbp-mbn: Amlphn s KpWfn GsXnepsamcp hntijWs pdn v AXns cq]w Fs\bmWv? Fv Plvanbm fnsemcm tNmZn pIbmsWn tNmZyI mhnt\mSv Amlphn s k bpsS cq]w Fs\bmWv? Fp tNmZnt XmIpp. Hcn epw Abm v Amlphns k sb cq ]sSp m km[n pIbn. X kabw tNmZyI mhn t\mSv ]dbpI Amlphns k sb cq]sSp m km [ya FXp t]mse s Ahs hntijWsfbpw cq]sSp m km[ya Xs.F psIms-m hnti jWw hntijys A\pKan pXmIpp. Amlp Ain\p apIfn BtcmlnX\mbncn pI bmsWn \n_ ambpw Ah knwlmk\t m HpIn henbh\mbncn Ww AXsn sNdptXm A Xpasn AXnt\mSv Xpey hepap ht\m Bbncnt -Xmbnhcpw. As\bmsWn Amlphn\v tZlap s-v AwKoIcnt -nhcpw.Amlphns\ kw_ n nS t mfw tZlap-mIpI FXv Akw`hyamIpp. Fv hhcpw ]dbpIbmsWn , AXn\p adp]Sn CXmIp p. Amlp knwlmk\t m F Fm nt\ m XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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fpw henbh\mIppshXn kwiban.]t CXpsIm -v \ncYIamb hXpw Amlphn\ps-v hcpn. ""Amlphns\ kw_ n nSt mfw tZlap-mIpI FXv Akw`hyamIpp'' F hm ns\ kw_ n v ] dbm\p Xv Amlphn\v tZlap-v Fv ncoIcn epw \ntj[n epw JpB\ntem kp ntem ]qhkqcnIfp sS hN\fntem Cm _nZvA mIpp. bYm n Amlphns Pnkvav(tZlw) F hN\w hniZoIc Ww Bhiyamb HmWv. Hcp Ahbhw at Xns\ B{ibn p coXnbnep Ahbh LS\bnemWv Amlphns Pnkvav(tZlw) F mscnepw Dtin ppshn AP \pw Fmw \nb { n ph\pamb Amlphn\v tNcm XmsWXn kw ib nhImian. adn v Amlphns alXz n\v tbmPn p \nebn ep tZls bmWv Dtin psXn AXv Amlp hns\ kw_ n nSt mfw Akw`hya. F psImsm Amlp kzbw k qW\pw Ahs alXz n\v tbmPn p \nebn Fm hntijWfmepw Ah a lXzap h\pamIpp. ]t , Pnkvav(tZlw) F hN\w hmkvXhhpw A hmkvXhhpamb AY hcm km[yXbp Xn\m s]mXpsh CXv Amlphnte v tN p]dbm ]mSnm XmIpp. Amlp Ahv D Xmbn ncoIcn ]cn]qWam b hntijWsf \ntj[n pXn\v _nZvA ns h XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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m ]d \ymb c-phn[amWv. Hv: Amlp hns ]cn]qWXbpsS FXncmIm h. AXv kzoImcyam b bmYmYyamIpp. AXv Amlphns\ kw_ n nS t mfw Akw`hya Fpw hniZamt -Xp-v. c-v: Amlphns ]cn]qWXbv v FXncmhph. CXv Ak XyambXn\m \ntj[n \n_ amIpp. AtXmsSm w Ah hnip JpB\n\pw kp n\pw ISIhncp am sWv hy amt -Xp-v. ImcWw Ah c-pw AXns Bibfpw bmYmyfmIpp. bYmamb Imcy n \nsmcn epw AbYmyap-mIpI ]mSnm XmWtm. Amlphns knwlmk\mtcmlWs AXntep Ahs HuXysav hnhcn m Amlphns\ hln pI F Bhiy nmbn Ains klmbw Bhiy ambn hcpw F sX p mcWbp-mtb pw Fv hh cpw ]d m AXn\p adp]Sn: Amlphns alm y hpw ]cn]qW i nbpw Ahs kzbw k qWXbpw Adnbp GsXmcphs bpw a\ n Amlphns\ hln t - Bhiy nmbn Ahv knwlmk\ ns Bh iyaps-v tXmm km[yXbn. F psIms-m knwlmk\hpw a p krjvSnIfpsamwAh\nte v B hiyap hcpw, Ahs\ qSmsX Hn\pw \ne\n ]nm Xpw, Ahs I ]\{]Imcw BImihpw `qanbpw \ne\n p hcpXpw Ahs ZrjvSm fn s]XmWv.Fncn s ]nss\bmWn cw kwibfp-mIpI? (A dpw: 25) Amlphns hntijWsf \ncmIcn p \qX\ XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hmZnI hymJym\n pXpt]mse ( CkvXnhmAv) F ]Z n\v ( CkvXuem) "A[nImc ta p' Fw \ IpXv icnbmIptam? F tNmZy n\v Xmsg ]dbp ImcWfm icnbmIpIbnsv hy amIpp. 1) Cu hmZ kXyamsWn CkvXnhmC\v AXn s bYm Aw \evIpXn\v XS amIpIbn. C\n hyYamb AamsWn JpB\ns bpw kp n s bpw {]amW_ amb hymJym\amhpIbpan. As\ hh\pw IcpXppshn Ah ]ng h\mIpp. 2) "CkvXnhmAv' FXn\v "CkvXoemAv' A[nImcta p Fv hymJym\n ]qhnI sFIyIWvtT\ \ In b A n\v hn]coXhpw Amlphns alXz n\v \n c m XpamIpp. Ah BImi `qanIsf krjvSn k abw knlmk\ n BtcmlnX\spw Ah `qanbn ep]hnjvSambn Fp ]dbm km[yXbpap Xn\mepw Cu hymJym\w X n ftb-XmIpp. 3) "CkvXnemAv' (A[nImcta p/B[n]Xyw m]n p) F A n B ]Zs hymJym\n Aaho `mjbv v A mXamWv.AXv ip Akw_ hpamWv. Jp B AhXcn Xv Ad_n`mjbnemWv. Ad_n `mjbv v A]cnNnXamb coXnbn AXns\ hymJym\n mhX. 4) "CkvXnhmAv' FXn\v (CkvXoemAv) A[nImcta p Fv hymJym\n h AXv BemcnIw ( )BsW v k Xn phcmIpp. Fm \mep Imcy ]q nbmbmemsX BemcnImw Dtin m ]mSn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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FXv Aemcimkv{X n AwKoIrXamb \nbaamIp p. Hv: hmNI ns bYmY AYw am n Bemcn Imw ( \) tI- hy amb ImcWw hmNILS\ BhiysSWw. c-v: `mjm]cambn ]Z n\v BemcnIw kzoIcn m km[yXbp Xmbncn Ww. aqv: hmNI ns k`w BemcnImYw kzoI cn m km[yXbp Xmbncn Ww. ImcWw hmNIs D]tbmKn pt msgmw hmNI ns LS\bn Bem cnImw kzoIcn A\nhmcyamIpn.F psImsm ]ZfpsS k`fpw kmlNcyfpw hmNI n hymJym\ km[yXbp Aw \evIm Nne k` fn XS amImdp-v. \mev: BemcnIm ns e yw CXmsWv hy ambncn Ww. ImcWw Dtiye yw as mmIm km[yXbp Xn\m e yw hy am p sXfnhv IqSn tb Xocq.
( Aiv) Fm `mjbn knwlmk\samWv.
bqkp^v \_n()sb pdn v JpB\n ]dbpp: Atlw Xs amXm]nXm sf cmP]oT nt Ib nbncp n (bqkp^v:100). k_Cse cm nsb pdn v A mlp() ]dbpp: Ah v Kwòcamb Hcp knwlmk\ap-v.(k_Av:23) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Fm Amlp() BtcmlnX\mb knwlmk\am Is Fm krjvSnIsfbpw hebw sNbvXpInS p Hcp a lmknwlmk\amIpp.AXv Fm krjvSnIsf mfpw D Xhpw henbXpamIpp.A_qZdv() \nthZ\w sN p H cp \_nhN\ n ]dbpp: GgmImifpw Ggp `qanI fpw Amlphns Ipknbpambn _ sSp pt m A h hnimeamb acp`qanbn InS p Hcp hfbs t]m se am{XamWv.Amlphns Ipkntb m Ahs knw lmk\ ns t{ijvTX hnimeamb acp`qanbn InS p Hcp hfbs t]msebmIpp. ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXanb()bpsS aPvapD ^ Xmhbn ( AcnkmeXp Ain ) F A [ymb n Cu lZokv D cn tijw ]dbpp. Cu lZo kv hnhn[ ]c cbneqsS D cn sn cn pp. Camw A _qlmXnw(), Camw C_v\pln m () Xs kzloln epw, Camw AlvaZv() apkv\Znepw a p ]ecpw D cn ncn pp.(10)
( Ipkn) Fm `mjbn Itkc/]oTw F
mWw. Fm Amlphns Ipkn Fv ]dbs SpXv Ahs c-p Im ]mZfpsS m\amWv. AY hm (]mZ]oTw) C_v\pA mkv() ]dbpp:
(10)
{K -Im-c-\p- -cn lZokv Zp_-e-am-sWv ssiJv A _m\n() hy -am- pp--v. Fm CtX Bi-bw-h-cp as mcp \_n-h-N\w Nne hyXym-k--tfmS kzlo-lmbn D -cn- -s-n-cn- p-p. kn kn-e- p- z-lolx 109 w \ lZokv m t\m p-I.
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"Ipkn' Fm Amlphns c-p Im ]mZfp sS ]oTamWv. "Aiv' Fm AXns\ Af m Amlp hn\ msX IgnbpIbn. (lmInw apkvXZvdIv:3071 Atlw ]dbpp: Cu lZokv _pJmcnbpw apkvenapw dntmv sN bvXnnsnepw AhcpsS \n_ \I H XmWv. Amlphns Ipkn ns\ pdn v C_v\pA mkv ()hn \np cn s Cu hN\amWv Alvep p n h PamAbpsS {]_eamb hnizmkw.Fm AXv Am lphns m\amsWv dntmv sN snp A`n {]mbw kzoImcya.A{]Imcw lk ()hn \npw Am lphns Ipkn XsbmWv Aiv Fp cn snp Xv Zp_ehpw AkzoImcyhpamIppshv Camw C_v\p IYo() ]dbpp. Amlp \ psS IqsSbmWv Amlp Ahs krjvSnIfpsS IqsSbmsWXv A hs {K nepw Ahs {]hmNIs \mhneqsSbpw n coIcn ImcyamIpp. hnip JpB ]dbpp: ""\n FhnsSbmbncpmepw Ah \nfpsS Iq sSbp-pXm\pw.'' (A lZoZv:4) Amlp kXyhnizmknIfpsS IqsSbmWv. (A A ^m : 19) Xobmbpw Rm \nfpsS IqsSbp-v. (Xzmlm:46) \_n()]d p: \o FhnsSbmbncpmepw Amlp \ntmsSmap-v Fv \o AdnbemWv hnizmk nte XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hpw t{ijvTambXv. \_n()bpw AhnSps IqpImc A_q_ () Dw Yu aebnse Kplbnencn pt m \_n() IqpImc t\mSv ]dbpIbp-mbn. ZpxJnt - Xobmbpw Amlp \ psS IqsSbp-v. (A u_:40) Cu kapZmb ns ]qhnIcpw CamapIfpw C mcy n GIm`n{]mb mcmWv. `mjmYw Hw, IqsS Fsms bmWv.Fm hmNI ns LS\bpw k` hpa\pkcn v AXns Ahpw amdnbncn pp. Nne kfn a p hbpambn tNcpI, IqSn e cpI Fw hcpp. DZmlcW n\v Rm ]men sh w tN p FXn\v Ad_nbn ]( men t\msSmw sh w tN p.) FmWv ]dbpI. a p Nne kfn `bsSp pXn\pw Xm oXv \ IpXn\pambn hcpp. DZmlcWw: Ip hmfntbmSv \nba]meI ]dbpXpt]mse ""\o t]m Rm IqsSbp-v.'' () a p Nne kfn klmbw, ]n pW Fo B ib n hcpp. DZmlWw: Rm \ntmsSmap-v, Rm \ntmSap-v. (
) ( A aC ) FXns
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Cs\ hmNI ns LS\bpw k`hpa\pkcn v Fs mnt\mSmtWm tNphcpXv XZSn m\ n A Xns Ahpw amdnhcpp. CXpt]mse ASn m\m n tbmPn pIbpw hmNI ns LS\bpw k` hpa\pkcn v Aw amdnhcnIbpw sN pXn\v Nne ap i n v (kwibmkv]ZambXv) Fv ]dbpp. F psIm s-m hmNI ns LS\bpw khpa\pkcn v A hpw amdnhcppshXn\m tI ph v CXv Hcp ]Z n\v hyXy Aap Xmbhbn ( )sXm tWm?AtXm ASn m\ As ]cnKWn v ]Zhpw A hpw GtIm]n phcp ( )hbn sXmtWm? F v kwibap-mIppshXmWXns ImcWw. bYm n AXv AwKoIrX\nba n Xs s]XmIppshXmWv hkvXpX. ImcWw Ad_n`mjm ] Z n\v hyXykvX A I ]\bmWv \evInbnp Xv. ] Z ns ASn m\ms ]cnKWn adn v hmNI ns LS\bpw k`hpa\pkcn v AXns e yw am dpXmWv. ]t CXv AwKoIrX \nba ns Hcp{]tXy I C\ n s]XmbXn\m ]Zs {]tXyIsSp p Xp sIm-v hntcm[an. ta ]d Xv t_m[yamIpIbmsWn Amlp kr jvSnItfmsSmamsWXv BemcnIma. adn v AXn s bYm A n XsbmIppshv hy am IpXmWv. ]t Hcp hyXymkw am{Xw AYhm Amlp hns alXz n\v tbmPn p \nebn krjvSnItf m DXhpw ]cn]qWhpambmWv Ah Ahs krjvSn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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ItfmsSmamIpXv. AmsX krjvSnI ]ckv]cw Hap -mIpXpt]mseb. ]qhnIcn Nne Amlp Ahs krjvSnItfmsSm amsWXns\ Ahs krjvSnIfpsS Fm Imcyhpw A dnbpw Fv hymJym\n ncn pp. AXv Amlp Ahs krjvSnItfmsSmamsWXv Fm e pw Amlphn s "Zm v' (k ) Xs D-v F Plvanbm fpsS hym P hmZs FXn pI F e yt msSbmIpp.Am lp \t msSmamsWXv Ahs k m]casv ]q hnI hy am nbnp-v. ImcWw _p n]cambpw {]mam WnIambpw CXv \ncIamIpp. ImcWw Amlp knw lmk\mtcmlnX\mIppshXn\v FXncmWv Ah k m]cambn krjvSnItfmsSmamIppshXv.am{Xhpa As\ Ah k m]cambn krjvSnIsfmsSmapsn krjvSnI Ahs\ hebw sN pp Fpw hcpp. CXv Akw`hyamIpp. Amlp Ahs krjvSnIfpsS IqsSbmsWXv c -p hnt[\bmWv. s]mXphmbXv ( )hnizmkn, Ahnizmkn, ]pWyhm , Ip hmfn, Fns\ Fm krjvSnIsfbpw Amlp Ahs Adnhv, Ignhv, Xocpam\w, A[nImcw t]msebp c m[nImc m hebw sNbvXncn pp. DZmlcWw A mlp ]dbpp: \n FhnsSbmbncpmepw Ah \nfpsS Iq sSbp-p Xm\pw. (A lZoZv:4) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqpt] X nep bmsXmcp clkykw`mjWhpw Ah (Amlp) Ah p \mema\mbns m-msX D -mhpIbn. Apt]cpsS kw`mjWamsWn Ah Ah p Bdma\mbns m-msX,AXnt\ m Ipd hcpsStbm IqSnbhcpsStbm (kw`mjWw) BsWn A h FhnsSbmbncpmepw Ah AhscmsSmap-mbn msX.... (A apPmZne: 7) {]tXyIambXv ( )Amlp klmbn psav ]d Xv {]hmNImscbpw Ahsc ]n pShscbpamWv. DZmlcWw: Amlp ]dbpp: Amlp kXyhnizmknIfpsS IqsS XsbmWv. (A A ^m :19) Xo bmbpw Amlp kq vaX ]men htcmsSmam Ipp. kZvhr cmbnp htcmsSmhpw. (Alv :128) Xo bmbpw Rm \nfpsS IqsSbp-v.(Xzmlm: 46) ZpxJnt -, Xo bmbpw Amlp \ psS IqsSbp -v. (A u_:40) tNmZyw: Amlp Ahs krjvSnIfpsS IqsSbmsW Xv Ahs ZmXnbmb (k m]camb) hntijWfn s]XmtWm AtXm ^nCen mb ({]h n]camb) hnti jWfn s]XmtWm? D cw: s]mXphmbXv ( )Amlphns "ZmXn' bm b(k m]camb) hntijW s]XmIpp.ImcWw A
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Xv F me pw Ahv ncoIcn sXmIpp.(14) F m {]tXyIambXv ( )AXv Amlphns ^nCen mb hntijWfn s]XmIpp. ImcWw AXv ImcW sf ]n pScpX\pkcn mIpp.(15) Amlphns {]h nbp-mIp k` n D-mIpIbpw CmXncn p k` n CmXmIpIbpw sN pp. Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mIppshXns\bpw A h krjvSnItfmsSmamIppshXns\bpw Fs\ tbmPn n mw hnjb nte v {]thin pXn\v ap mbn ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXan ()bpsS "ZDXBdpfn AJv en hJv ' ( ) F {K ns Hmw hm fyw 43-44 t]PpIfn sImSp Hcpkp{][m\ XXzs Np cp n hnhcn m B{Kln pp.c-p sXfnhpI nSbn ]ckv]csshcp[yaps-v Btcm]n pIbmsWn B c-p sXfnhpIfpw HpIn J nXambncn Ww. A m Fn AJ nX amXncn Ww AXsn Ah bnsemv J nXhpw at Xv J nXam Xpambncn pw. Cs\ Ch aqv hn`mKamWv. Hv: c-pw J nXambh:sXfnhpsIm-v ncsSp h _p n v hncp ambn ocpIbn FXn\m Ah c-n\panSbn ]ckv]c sshcp[yap-mhpI FXv Akw
(14)
DZm-l-cW- n\v Amlp ]d-bpp: ""\n Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-mepw Ah \n-fpsS IqsS-bp-v Xm\pw'' (A l-ZoZv:4) (15) DZm-l-c-W- n\v Amlp ]d-bpp: ""Amlp kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS IqsS-X-sbm-Wv.'' (A A ^m :19)
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`hyamWv.ImcWw Ah c-n\panSbn ]ckv]c sshcp[y ap-mImsav ]dbpt m AhbntesXnepsamns\ \n _ ambpw \o w sNt -nhcpp. CXpw Akw`hyam Wv. ImcWw {]amW_ ambh ncoIcn \n_ amIpp. C\n Ah c-pw ]ckv]c sshcp[ytfmsS \n e\n pI FXpw Akw`hyamIpp. ImcWw AXv c -p sshcp[ysf tbmPnnem pp. J nXamb c-v Imcy nSbn sshcp[yfp -mbm HpIn Ah c-pw J nXamIm ]mSn. A sn Ah c-n\panSbn Hns\ Hcp \ne pw at Xn s\ thsd \ne pw hymJym\n mhp hn[ nep ssh cp[yfp-mImXncn Ww.JpB\pw kp pamIp A Sn m\ {]amWfn hhsb C{]Imcw Zp_esSp m ]mSn. ImcWw Zp_esSp s sXfnhn\v \nb a km[pXbntm. c-v: c-pw J nXam h: HpIn AXv kqNn n pX\pkcn v Asn ncsSpXn\\pkcn m bncn pw. C cw k`fn Ah nSbn Hn\v ap KW\ \ IpIbpw ]noSv ap KW\ \ InbXns\ ]cnK Wn pIbpamWv sNt -Xv. aqv: Hv J nXhpw at Xv J nXam Xpamb h: C cw kfn J nXambXn\v ap KW\ \ tI-XmIppshXn Fmhcpw GtIm]n ncn pp. ImcWw Ddmb Adnhns\ hnizmktbmKyam Adnhp sIm-v X mhX.
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CXv a\ nembm ]ns \ap v ]dbm\p Xv: Am lp Ahs k sIm-v Xs krjvSnI p apIfn knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mbncn ppshXpw Ah Ahtcm sSmamsWXpw {]amW sIm-v ncsXmIpp shXn ktlan. CXpc-pw J nXambXmWp Xm \pw. CXv c-pw Amlp Hcmb n Xs ka\zbnn p Ibpw sNbvXncn pp. Amlp ]dbpp: ""BImifpw `qanbpw Bdp Znhkfnembn krjv Sn h\mWv Ah . ]noSv Ah knwlmk\\mbn. `qan bn {]thin pXpw AXn \np ]pd phcpXpw,B Imi p \nndpXpw AXnte v Ibdns pXpw Ah Adn psIm-ncn pp.\n FhnsSbmbncpmepw Ah \nfpsS IqsSbp-pXm\pw. Amlp \n {]h n pXns\ nI-dnbph\mIpp.''(A lZoZv: 4) Cu Bb n Amlp Fm krjvSnI pw apI fn knwlmk\\msWpw Ah \t msSmamsWpw m]n ncn pp.Ch nSbn ]ckv]csshcp[yan.Imc Ww Ah c-n\pw X n tbmPnn mhpXmWv. AXn\p amK : Hv: Htc Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\msWXpw AtX kabw Ah \t msSmaps-pw {]amW ncoIcn ncns AXpc-pw tNphcnI FXv Akw `hyamsWv ]dbm ]mSnm XmIpp. F psImsm Akw`hyamb Imcy hnhcn pX {]amW . As\ hhcpw hnNmcn ppshn Ah v sX p] nbncn pp.BIbm Ah kXy nse nt cm ]cn{ian pIbpw Amlphnt\mSv AXn\p klmbhpw XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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kmKhpw tXSpIbpw ]p\hnNn \w \S pIbpw sN t -XmIpp.As\ kXyw a\ nem n gn m A mlphns\ kvXpXn pIbpw sN s. Am ] w A Xv hy ambn Adnbp Amlphn `ctaev]n pIbpw C{]Imcw ]bpIbpw sNbvXpsIm s. ""RfXn hnizkn ncn pp. Fmw XfpsS c nXmhn \np XmIpp. \n\ v kvtXm{Xw. \o ]Tn n p XXm bmsXmcdnhpw R n.\o Xsbm Wv kh \pw AKm[ m\nbpw.'' c-v: CXpc-pw hn]coXamIpn. F psIms-m Hap-mIpI FXv ]ckv]cw IqSn encn pI tbm Hcp e v Cdnbncn pItbm thWsaXv \n _ am pn. Nnetm Db e p Hcp h kvXphnt\msSmw Xmgv`mK p Xns\ tN p]dbmw. D ZmlcWw ""R \SpsIm-ncn pt m N{\pw H ap-mbncpp.'' ChnsS N{ BImi mbnpw Cu hm nepw A nepw sshcp[yw ImWpn. ChnsS A`nkwt_m[ \w sN sSp B pw Fs\bmWv N{ Hap-m IpsXv AdnbpXmWv. N{ `qanbnemWp sXm Wv CXpsIm-ptin sSpsXv ]dbm km[ya. C s\ krjvSnI nSbn CXv Hcpan v hcmsan N{ s\bpw \s bpw as m ns\bpw krjvSn p ]cn]men p Fm hnt[\bpw DX\mb Amlp Htc kabw B Imi n knwlmk\\pw AtXmsSmw krjvSnIfpsS Iq sSbpambncn bmsXmcp {]bmkhpanm XmIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqv: C\n krjvSnIsf kw_ n nSt mfw "Dbc mbncn epw Hap-mbncn epw'X n sshcp[yap-m I A\nhmcyamsWn s AXv {kjvSmhns\ kw _ n nSt mfw A csamch D-mIpn.ImcWw Amlphns bmsXmcp hntijWKpWfnepw Ah\p Xpeyamb bmsXmpan.Fncns Amlp Ahs kr jvSnIfpsS IqsSbmsWXv krjvSnIsftmse XmcXayw sN phmt\m AhtcmsSmw GsXnepsamcp e v Cd nbncn pIbmsWv hnizkn phmt\m ]mSn. ImcWw Amlphns krjvSnIfn bmsXmpw Ahs\ hebw sN pn.Fm Amlp Fm krjvSnIsfbpw hebw sNbvXncn pp. Cs\ Amlp knwlmk\\mbncn ptXmsSmw \akvIcn phcpsS apneps-Xpw X n ]e coXn bn tbmPnn mhpXmWv. Hv: Ch {]amWfn ncoIcn sXmIpp. {]amWfn sshcp[yfp-mhpIbn. c-v: Ch c-n\panSbn sshcp[yan. Nne k fn apIfnep Hcp hkvXp A`napJambncn mw. ImcWw A`napJambncn pI FXn\v t\sc FXn hi mbncn Wsan.Hcm DZb kab v kqcys\ t\m n AsX s apJ n\pt\scbmIpp Fp ]dbmdp-tm. bYm n kqcy BImi msWnepw Cu hm ns L S\bntem A ntem sshcp[yan. Atm krjvSnI sf pdn v Cs\ ]dbmsan {kjvSmhns Imcy n IqSpX AlXsXmIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqv: C\n krjvSnIsf kw_ n nSt mfw Ch c -n\panSbn sshcp[yaps-v hcnIbmsWn AXv {kjvSmhns\ kw_ nt St mfw B A\nhmcyX D-m Ipn. ImcWw Amlphns hntij KpWfn Ah \p Xpeyambn bmsXmpan. Fncns Amlp Ahs krjvSnIfpsS IqsSbmsWXv krjvSnIsftmse XmcX ayw sN phmt\m AhtcmsSmw GsXnepsamcp e v Cdnbncn pIbmsWv hnizkn phmt\m ]mSn. Imc Ww Amlp knwlmk\\mbncn pXn\m \akvIcn phcpsS apnep-mIpI FXv \akvIcn phs apnse Npacn\p t\scbmbncn Wsav hcpn. am{Xa krjvSnIfn bmsXmpw Ahs\ hebw sN pn.A h\mIs Fm krjvSnIsfbpw hebw sN ph\pamIp p. Amlphns Cd Camw _pJmcn()bpw Camw apkvenapw() A_plpd bvd()bn \nv D cn pp: Fm cm{XnbpsSbpw aqnsemcp`mKw _m n \n p kab v A\p{KloX]qW\pw DX\pamb \ psS c nXmhv Hm\mImit v CdnhcnIbpw C{]Imcw ]dbpIbpw sN pw."Bcv FtmSv {]mn ppthm, Rm \h v D cw \evIpXmWv. Bcv FtmSv tNmZn pp thm,Rm\h\v \ IpXmWv. BscnepsatmSv tXSpp shn Rm\h\v s]mdp psImSp pXmWv.' Fv (_p: 1077, apkvenw 1261) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Cu \_n hN\w \_n()bn \nv Ccp]s tmfw kzlm_nam dntmv sNbvXncn pp. am{Xa Cu lZo kv kzoIcn pXn Alvep p GtIm]n pIbpw sN bvXncn pp. Amlp Hm\mImit v CdpI FXv Ah s Dtiyhpw bp nbpambn _ s Ahs ^nCen mb (Ia]camb)KpWfn sXmIpp. Ahs al Xz n\pw DXn pw tbmPn phn[ n bYm n ep Cd w XsbmIpp. CXns\ Amlphns I ]\bmWv CdpXv F tm Asn Ahs ImcpWyamsWtm Asn a e pIfmsWtm t`ZKXnhcp m ]mSn. Xmsg hcp ImcW AXmWv \ap v hy am n cpXv. Hv: Cs\ AXns As t`ZKXn sN lZokns {]ISamb A n\p hncp amIpp. Imc Ww CdpI F Ias \_n()Amlphnte v tN psIm-v ]d ncn pp. bYm n Hcp Iaw sN pItbm sNbvXpsIm-ncn pItbm BsWnemWv B Ias I mhnte v tN p ]dbpI.B Ias a s mcp Iaambn Nn{XoIcn pt m AXv ASn m\]c ambXn\v hncp amb t`ZKXn hcp embn ocpp. c-v: Amlp Cdpsa \_n()bpsS Cu hN\ s C{]Imcw hniZoIcn pt m AXn Hcp `mKw D t] n sSpp. bYm n AXns\ Dt] n m ]mSn. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqv: Amlphns I ]\bpw Ahs ImcpWy hpw cm{Xnbnse Cu kab p am{Xa CdpXv adn v Ah c-pw Fm kab pw Cdns m-ncn pp. tNmZyw: ChnsS Hcp {]tXyIamb Cdens\bmW tm Dtin sSpXv. Amlphns {]tXyIamb Imcp Wyw Fm kab pw Cd \n_ antm? adp]Sn: Cu hymJym\w icnbmIpIbmsWn Chn sS \_nhN\w ]Tnn pXv Cu CdnhcpXv Hm\m Imit mIppshmWv.ChnsS Amlphns A\p{K lw Hm\mImit v CdnhcpXpsIm-v \_n() CXv \ap v Adnbn pXcm am{Xw F v {]tbmP\amWp -mIpI? \mev: lZokn ]dbpXv BImi v \nv Cdn hcph C{]Imcw ]dbpsamWv: ""Bcv FtmSv {]mn ppthm Rm\h v D cw \evIpXmWv. Bcv FtmSv tNmZn ppthm Rm\h v \ IpXmWv. BscnepsatmSv ]m]tamN\w tXSp pshn Rm\h\v s]mdp psImSp pXmWv.''CXv A mlphn\msX a m pw ]dbm km[yhpa. Amlp knwlmk\mtcmlnX\mIppshXpw Ah Hm\mImit v CdpXpw X n Fs\ tbm Pnn mw. Amlp knwlmk\\mIppshXv Ahs ZmXnbm b(k m]camb) KpWfn s]XmIpp.Ahs ZmXn \npw AXv thsSm km[ya. CXv {]amWfn hy ambn ncsnp Amlp Hm\mImit v XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Cdn hcpsaXn\v FXncmIpn. c-p coXnbn CXn s\ tbmPnn mw. Hv: {]amWfmWv Ch c-ns\bpw ka\zbnn np Xv. ap v hnhcn Xp t]mse {]amWfn Akw`hy fp-mhpIbn. c-v: Amlphns hntijKpWfn Ah\p Xp eyambn bmsXmpan. Atm Amlp knwlmk\ n D]hnjvS\mIpXpw Ahs Cdnhcepw sshcp[yam IWsav ]dbm am{Xw krjvSnI CdpXp t]mse b Ah CdnhcnI.adn v Ahs alXz n\pw ]Zhn pw \nc p coXnbnembncn pw AXv. Amlphns apJw Cu hnjb n Alvep p n h PamA: bpsS hnizmkw Amlphn\v A\ptbmPyamb alXzhpw DZmcX bp bYm n apJap-v FmIpp. hnip Jp B\pw kp pw ncoIcn ImcyamWnXv. Amlp ]d bpp: ""alXzhpw DZmcXbpw D h\mb \ns c nXmhn s apJw Ahtijn pXmWv.'' (Adlvam :27) \_n() C{]Imcw {]mn Xmbn Camw \kmCu dn tmv sNbvXXmbn ImWmw: ""\ns apJt p t\m nbp B\hpw \ns I -pappXnep AXnbmb B{Klhpw Rm \ntmSv tNmZn pp.'' (kzlolpkmCu: 1305) Atm Amlphns apJw Ahv A\ptbmPyam XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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b \nebn bYm nep Xpw Ahs k m-]-camb KpWfn s]XpamsWv a\- n-em mw. Amlphns apJsaXns Aw {]XnêamIp pshv t`ZKXn sN ]e ImcW sIm-v icnbm hpIbn. Ahbn NneXv: Hv: CXv hy amb {]amW n\v hncp amIpp. C Xn\v hncp amIpXn\v sXfnhv BhiyamIpp.AXn\v B hiyamb sXfnhnm FXmWv hmkvXhw. c-v: {]amWfn apJs Amlphnte v tN p ]d ncn pp. Amlphnte v tN p ]d Xv HpIn kzbw(as mnt\msSmamsX)\ne \n p Xmbncn pw,Asn kzbw \ne \nev m Xmbncn pw. Cs\ kzbw \ne\n pXmsWn AXv krjvSnbm Ipp. DZmlcWw Amlphns `h\w,Amlphns H Iw Fv ]dbpXp t]mse Ch Amlphns hntij Wfn s]X. Ah Amlphnte v tN p ]dbp Xv HpIn D IrjvSambXn\mtem Asn DSa \ntet m {kjvSmhntet m tN v ]dbpXp sIm-m Wv. C\n kzbw \ne\n pXsn AXv Amlphn s hntijWfn s]XmIpp. AYhm krjvSnb. D ZmlcW n\v; Amlphns Adnhv, Ahs Ignhv, Ah s {]Xm]w, Ahs kwkmcw, Ahs ssI, Ahs I v t]mep h Ah kzbw \ne\n pX. Ah Amlp hns Zm pambn _ shbmbXn\m Ahsbmpw Xs krjvSnb. Amlphns apJhpw C{]Imcw Xs bmsWXn kwiban. CXv Amlphnte v tN p XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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]dbpXv B hntijWs ]dbpXp t]msebmWv.
hntijy nte v tN p
aqv: Amlphns {]XnêsaXv krjvSnbpw A h\n \nv thdnp \n pXpamIpp. Ahs apJam Is hntijWfn s]Xpw krjvSnbm Xpw Ah\n \nv thdnv \n m XpamIpp. Fncns ]ns s\bmWv apJ n\v {]Xnêsav hymJym\w I ]n m km[n pI? \mev: Amlphns apJw alXzhpw DZmcXbpw sIm -v {]am-W--fn-eqsS hntijnn sXmIpp. am{Xhpa , Amlphns apJ n\v A`bw tXSmhp Hcp {]Im ihpw(16) Ahpw krjvSnI panSbnse ad \o ns m-v Ahs ZrjvSn krjvSnIfn ]Xn p `mKw Icn p If bpXmb {]`mhhpap-v.(17) Cu hntijWsfmw apJw sIm-p hnh {]XnêamsWv ]dbpXn\v XS amIpp. Amlphns ssII Amlphnv A\p{Klfpw Zm\hpw sNmcn-bp \n h s ssIIfp-v FXmWv Alvep p n h P amA:bpsS hnizmkw. Ah Amlphns alXz n\v A \ptbmPyamb \nebn bYm nep Ahs k m]-camb hntijWambn ncsXmIpp. hnip JpB \pw kp pw Ah ncsSp pp.Amlp ]dbpp:
(16) (17)
fCu-^p PmanAv: 1182 apkvenw: 263
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""Fs ssIsIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m nbXns\ \o {]Wan pXn\v \n\s v XS amWp-mbXv.'' (kzm Zv: 75) A_plpdbvd() \nthZ\w: \_n()]d p:Amlp hns ssI \nd p \n pXmWv. cm{Xnbnsetbm, ]I ensetbm sNehgn epI AXn Ipdhphcp pIbn. BImi`qanIsf krjvSn Xp apX Ah sNehgn Xv F{Xam{XamsWv \n I-pthm? AsXmpw Ahs I nep Xn \nv Ipdhp hcp nbnn . (_pJmcn, 4316, apkvenw 1659) Ah c-pw bYm nep ssIIfmIppshpw AXv krjvSnIfpsS ssII v kmZriyamIpIbn Fpw Alvep p n h PamAbpsS ] nXm A`n{]mb sFIyap hcmIpp.am{Xa AhbpsS As i n, A\p{Klw Fns\ t`ZKXn sN ]e ImcW sIm-v icnbmhpIbn. Ahbn NneXv: Hv: sXfnhns ]n _eanmsX hmNI ns bYm A n\p ]Icambn BemcnImw ( )D ]tbmKn emIpp.(18) c-v: Amlphnte v tN p ]d np CXpt]m ep k` n C{]Imcw Aw ]db Ad_n `m jbnenm XmIpp. DZmlWw Amlp ]dbpp:

"Fs ssIsIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m nbXns\' F

n-X-m-cpsS A`n-{]mbw ap v hy -
(18)
Be-m-cn-Im kw_- -ambn `mjm ] am- n-bXv Hm p-a-tm.
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{]tbmK n\v Fs A\p{Klw sIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m nbXns\,Fs i nsIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m nbXns\ Fns\ CXn\v Aw \ I icnbmhp Ibn. aqv: Amlphnv c-v ssII FXpsIm-v i n FmWv hnh sbn Amlp C_veokns\ ]S Xv Ahs ssIsIm-msWv ]dbpXv icnbmIpambncp p. ]t AXv ]mSnm XmIpp. As\ ]dbmambn cppshn "Fs ssIsIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m n bXns\ \o {]Wan pXn\v \n\s v XS amWp-mb Xv ?' Fv Amlp C_veoknt\mSv ]d k` n C_veokn\v {]Xntj[n mambncpp. Av: Amlp Ah\nte v tN p ]d ssII v A\p{Klw,i n Fo Aw \evIm km[yam hn[ n ssI, ssISw(19) Fns\ D]tbmKn ncn pp. A{]Imcw Ah\v hncepIfps-pw(20) Ah ]n Sn psapw hndn psapsamw(21) {]amWfn nc sXmIpp. \_n() ]d p: Amlp `qansb FSp p ]nSn pw. BImis Ahs ssIsIm-v NpcpnnSn p Ibpw sN pw. Fnv Ah ]dbpw: Rm\mWv cmPmhv `q anbnse cmPm mschnsS? (22) BIbm Amlphns ssIIsfsIm-p Cu {]
(19) (20)
apkvenw: 1684 apkvenw: 4798 (21) _pJmcn: 6959 (22) _pJmcn: 4438, apkvenw: 4994
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h \sfmw Xs Amlphns ssIsIm-p hn h A\p{Klhpw i nbpamsW ZphymJym\s J n m aXnbmbXmWv. Amlphns IpI Alvep p n h PamAbpsS hnizmk{]Imcw A mlphns alXz n\v \nc p \nebnep Ahs ap J v Ah\v A\ptbmPyamb A nep c-v Ip Ifp-v.hnip JpB\pw kp pwsIm-v ncs A hs k -]-camb hntijWfn sXmIpp Ch c -pw. Amlp ]dbpp: \ psS Iap n kcn p...... (A Ja:14) Z mens\ kw_ n v \_n()]d p: Xobmbpw Ah (Z m ) H \mbncn pw F m \nfpsS c nXmhv H \. (_pJmcn:6859, ap kvenw:5215) \n hnja nepw \ncmibnepambncns \nfp sS d v \nfnte v t\m pXmbncn pw.(23) Ahs aqSp]Sw Hcp {]ImiamIpp. AsXm\pw Ahs apJ v \npw Ah \o pIbmsWn krjv SnIfn Ahs ZrjvSn]Xn p `mKw Icn p t]mIp XmIpp. (apkvenw :263) Ah krjvSnIfpsS IpItfmSv kmZriyanm A hs alXz n\v tbmPn p \nebnep bYmamb IpIfmIpp. Xmsg ]dbp ImcW sIm-v Adnhv,
(23)
idlp AJo-Z- n hmkn-Xzn : 1/216
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ImgvN Fns\ AhbpsS As ]mSp X.
hymJym\n m
Hv: sXfnhns ]n _eanmsX hmNI ns bYm A n\p]Icambn BemcnImw ( )D] tbmKn emIpp AXv. c-v: ""krjvSnIfn Ahs ZrjvSn]Xn p `mKw Icn p IfbpXmIpp.'' ""\nfpsS c nXmhv H \.'' XpSnb \_nhN\ Amlphns bYm IpIsf hymJym\n pXn\v XS amIpp. Amlphns ssI, Iv Fnhsb kw_ nv hnhn[ cq] n hXns\ pdnv Amlphns c-p ssIIsfbpw IpIsfbpw Ipdn v {]amWfn GIhN\w, ZznhN\w, _lphN\w Fn s\ aqv coXnbn sImSp Xmbn ImWmw. GIhN\ n\v DZmlcWw: Amlp ]dbpp: B[n]Xyw BcpsS I nemtWm Ah A\p{Kl ]q W\mbncn pp. (A ap Iv: 1) Fs Iap nembns m-v \ns hf nsbSp m th-nbpw IqSnbmWXv. (Xzmlm: 39) \ psS ssII \nan Xn s] ImenIsf Ah p th-nbmWv \mw krjvSn ncn pXv Fv Ah I -nt (bmko : 71) \ psS Iap n kcn p....(A Ja:14) A, Ahs CcpssIIfpw \nh shbmIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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(A amCZ: 64) {]hmNI () ]d p: HcSna \akvIcn m \nm Ah ]ca ImcpWn Is c-v IpI nSbnemIpp.(24) Amlphns c-pssIIsfbpw IpIsfbpw kw_ n v Cs\ aqv coXnIfmWv hnp Xv. Chsb F s\ tbmPnn msav t\m mw. Hmas GIhN\w ZznhN\ nt\m _lphN\ nt\m FXncmIpn.ImcWw Amlphnte p tN n d GIhN\w s]mXpsh Amlphnv ncoIcn ssI, Iv F A nemWv. AXv Htm AXn Iq SpXtem Bhmw. AXpt]mse ZznhN\hpw _lphN\hpw hXn\nSbn tbmPnn pXv: _( lp hN\ n G hpw Ipdhv c-mWv) Fv \mw ]dbpIbmsWn ASn m\ ]cambn Ah c-pw HmWv kqNnn pXv FXn\m Ah nSbn bmsXmcp sshcp[yhp ap-mIpn.C\n `m jbn {]_eamb _( lphN\ n G hpw Ipd Xv aqsamWv) Fv \mw ]dbpIbmsWn aq tm AXne[nItam hcp \n nX Fw F ne . adn v km`n Ihpw _lpam\kqNIhpambn D]tbm Kn np XmWv. . tN p ]d Xv GsXmnte m tWm tN sSpXv AX\pkcn v Aam ap-mIpw.
(24)
A_q-lp-dbvd()hn \np- -cn- -s-Sp Cu lZokv ssiJv A _m\n() Zp_-e-am-sWv hy am p-p. kn kn-e- p- -Cu^ 1024 \ -dn t\m p-I.
Page 86
\" psS ssII , FXnse " \ "psS FXp sIm
-v hnh n sSpXv _lpam\kqNIhpambn D]tbm Kn np XmWv. Amlphns kwkmcw Alvep p n h PamA ns hnizmk {]Imcw Amlp kwkmcn psamWv.AXv Ahv A\ptbmPyam b \nebnepw bYm nepamWv. Ahs Dtiya\pk cn v AXnv A cfpw i_vZhpap-mbncn pXmWv. Amlp kwkmcn ph\msW \ne v Ahs kw kmcw k m-]-camb hntijWamIpp.Fm Atm gmbn kwkmcn pXns\ ]cnKWn v AXv ^nCenbmb({] h \]camb) hntijWamIpp. CXv hnip JpB\pw Xncpkp pw hy am nb XmWv. Amlp ]dbpp: \ psS \n nX kab n\v aqkm hcnIbpw Atl ns c nXmhv Atlt mSv kwkmcn pIbpw sNbv Xtm (A AAvdm^v: 143) Amlp ]d kw ({i n pI) tl Cukm Xo bmbpw \ns \mw ]qWambn Gs Sp pIbpw Fs ASp te v \ns Db pIbpw sN pXmWv. (Bep Cwdm : 55) ] X ns heXp `mK v \nv \mw Atls hnfn pIbpw, clkykw`mjW nmbn \mw Atl n \v kmao]yw \ IpIbpw sNbvXp. (abw: 52) Hmas Bb n Amlphns kwkmcw A
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hs Dtiya\pkcn mIppshv ncoIcn pp. AXv Atm D-mIpXmIpp. (ImcWw ChnsS kwkmcap-mbXv aqkm\_n() s hchnv tijamWv FXv Amlphns Dtiyhp ambn _ sp InS pp) c-mas Bb v AXv A ctfmSp IqSnbXpw kwkmchpamsWXn\v sXfnhmIpp. aqmas Bb v Amlphns kwkmcw i_vZ ap XmsWv Adnbn pp. ImcWw i_vZanmsX hnfn pXpw kwkmcn pXpw D-mhpIbn FXv hmkv XhhpamWv. \_n() ]d p: A yZn\ n Amlp ]dbpw: ""Hm BZw'' Atm Atlw (BZw) ]dbpw: RfpsS c nXmth, Rm\n Xm D cw \evInbncn pp. DSs\ i_vZt msS hnfn p ]dbsSpw. \ns k XnIfn \nv Hcp kwLs \c I nte v Ab pI Fv (_pJmcn 4372, AlvaZv: 3/32) Amlphns kwkmcw AXv ]Zhpw AhpaSn bXmIpp. AmsX AXv ]Zw am{Xtam Aw am{Xtam A. CXmWv Alvep p ns hnizmkw. Amlphns kwkmcs kw_- n v Alvep p pambn hntbmPn phsc pdn v khmCJp apk e )52() (F {K n \npw Npcp n hnhcn mw
(25)
Camw C_v\p J nw() Am-lp-hns hnti-j-W-sf ]msS \ntj-[n- p Plvan-bmsf t]mse-bp h v adp-]-Sn-bmbn cNn- -XmWo {K w.
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1) Idmanbm (26) Alvep p ns hnizmkw X sbmWv C njbIambn Ch pw D sXnepw Am lphns kwkmcw ap v CmXncp Hmbncpp.AXv ]n oSv D-mbXmIppsh hyXymkap-v. 2) A Ipm_n :(27) Amlphns kwkmcw FXv Ahs Poh , Adnhv Fnht]mse Ahs Zm n (k )t\mSv tNp\n pXmIpp. AXn\m AXn\v A hs Dtiyhpambn _ an. Ahs k bnep A s Adnbn pXnmbn krjvSn XmWv Ah\n \n v D cn s A cfpw i_vZfpw.CXv \mseam Ipp ( B ), \( ntcm[m ), ]{( kvXmh\),
( At\zjWw)
3) AivAcnI : Cu hnjb n Ipm_nbm sf tmse sbmWnhcpsS hnizmkhpw. ]t c-p hnj bfn Ch `nm`n{]mb mcmWv. Hv: Amlphns kwkmc ns A nemWv. AXnv \mev Afps-mWv Ipm_nbm ]bp sXn AivAcnI ]dbpXv B \mev Afpw Htc Aw am{XamIpp FmWv. Ah Amlphns
(26)
lnPvd: 255 ac-W-s apl- -Zp_v\p Indmw F-bmsf ]n p-S-cp I n-bmWn-Xv. Am-lp-hns \ma nti-j-W--fpsS hnj-b- n kmZr-iy-hm-Zn-I-tfmSv Nm h bvhp- -h-cpw, Cuam-\ns Imcy- n apPn-B- -fpsS hnizm-k-amb {]h -\- hnizm-k--fn \nv ths-Sp n Ahsb ]c-tem-I-t v ]n n- n- p--h-cmWv. AYhm {]h \w Cuam-\n s]--X Fm-Wn-h-cpsS hnizm-kw. (27) A_vZpmln_v\p kCuZv _v\p Ipm_p _kcosb ]n pShcmWnh. hnizmk]cambn hfsc Gsd Imcyfn Ch Alvep p nt\mSv tbmPn p pshnepw Amlphns \ma hntijWfn Alvep p nt\mSv FXncm Ipp.
Page 89
kwkmc ns C\f. adn v AXv Amlphn\p hn tijWfmWv.Xudm pw Coepw JpB\pw AXntem tcmpw a p hsbtmse XsbmIpp.hmNI nem sX hyXymkan. c-v: Ipm_nbm ]dbpp: A cfpw i_vZ fpw Amlphns kwkmc ns ]IpIfmIpp.F m AivAcnI ]dbpXv AXv Amlphns kwkm c ns hmNIfmIppshmWv. 4) kmenaI (28) Amlphns kwkmcw FXv A hs Poh , Adnhv Fnht]mse Ahs Zm n (k )t\mSv tNp \n pXmIpp. AXn\m AXn\v A hs Dtiyhpambn _ an. Ahbnsemv as mns\ ap IS m coXnbn AXv A cfpw i_vZfpw tNp InS pXmWv. DZmlcW n\v _( nkvan) F Xnse , , Cu Hmtcm A cfpw Htc kab p Xs Hp as mnt\mSv hcpXpw ]-papXte AXv A s\bmbncpp. AXv As\ s \ne\n pIbpw sN pXmIpp. 5) Plvanbm fpw apAvXkneIfpw ]dbpXv: Am lphns kwkmcw krjvSnIfn sXmIpp. AXv Ah s hntijW n s]X. Fm ]noSv Plvanbm fn Nne Amlphns
(28)
apl Zp_v\p kmenw F hy nsb ]n pW p I nbmWnh. Amlp hns \ma ntijW krjvSnItfmSv kmZriyambXmsWv hnizkn ph h cmWnh.
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kwkmcs ]msS \ntj[n pIbpw a p Nne AXv A mlphns krjvSnbmsWv ncoIcn pIbpw sN pI bp-mbn. 6) ]n me ph XXzNn I\mb Acnt mnen s\ ]n pSh: Dbp Nn n p _p nbn \nv D Xhpw ]cnip hpamb a\ pI kzoIcn pX\pkcn v HgpIn hcpXmWnXv. AXv aqew AhcpsS a\ n k ]fpw AwKoImcfpap-m pp. Cu k ] fpw Nn bnepZn AwKoImcfpw ImXpIfn tI p kwkmcambn amdppshXmWnXv. 7) AssZzXhmZnI : {]] nep sXmw HmIp p Fv ]dbphcpsS hnizmkw {]] nep Fm kwkmchpw ssZh ns kwkmcamIppshXmWv. A hcnsemcm ]dbpIbp-mbn: ""\mamWv AXv kwkmcn psXnepw \nehnep Fm kwkmcfpw Ahs kwkmcamIpp.'' ta ]d Cu A`n{]mbsfmw hnip JpB \npw Xncpkp npw _p n pw hncp amIpp. Am lp Adnhpw hn m\hpw \ Inbh v AXv a\ nemIp XmWv. JpB Amlphns IemamWv. Alvep p n h PamA ns hnizmkw JpB Amlphns hN\amWv ( ) AXv Ahs krjvSn b. AXv Ah\n \nnd sXmIppshXmWv. A Xv Ah\n \np XpSn Ah\nte p Xs aSpI XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
Page 91
bpw sN pw.AXv Ah bYmY n kwkmcn pIbpw Pn_vco ()\v CpsImSp pIbpw sN pIbp-mbn. At lw AXv apl Zv \_n()bpsS lrZb n \nt ]n p Ibmbncpp.hnip JpB\pw Xncpkp pw CXv hy am nbnp-v. Amlp ]dbpp: _lpssZh hnizmknIfn hh\pw \ns bSp A`bw tXSn hm Amlphns hN\w (JpB ) A h tIp {Kln m th-n Ahv A`bw \evIpI. (A u_: 6) as mc[ymb n ]dbpp: \n\ v \mw AhXcnn pXnp {K amWnXv. (C _vdmlow: 11) as mc[ymb n ]dbpp: hnizkvXm mhv (Pn_vco ) \ns lrZb n A Xpw sIm-v Cdnbncn pp. \o Xm oXp \ Iphcp sS Iq nembncn m th-nbs{X AXv.kv]jvSamb A d_n `mjbnemWv (AXv AhXcnn Xv) Xo bmbpw AXv ap KmanIfpsS thZ{K fnepap-v. (AivipAdm:193-)59 1 \_n() P\ p at[y \npsIm-v C{]Imcw ] dbpIbp-mbn: ""Fs c nXmhns hN\ F n psImSp p Xnmbn Xs P\Xbnte v Fs sIm-pt]mIm H cmfpant? ImcWw Fs c nXmhns hN\ F n p sImSp pXn\v JpssdinIfnXm Fs XSbpp.''(kz lolp A_oZmhqZv : 4734) \_n() _dmD_v\p Bkn_v()hnt\mSv Ddm In S pt m C{]Imcw {]mYn m ]dbpIbp-mbn: XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Amlpth, Fs Rm \nnte n pIbpw F s apJw \nnte v Xncn pIbpw Fs Imcy \n nen pIbpw Fs apXpIns\ Rm \nnte v G ]n pIbpw sNbvXncn pp. \ns {]Xnês Imw n p sIm-pw \ns in sb `bpsIm-pamWv (As\ sNbvXXv)\nnte v aSpIbmsX \ns in bn \n v a v A`btam c tbm C. \o AhXcnn thZ n epw \ns {]hmNI\nepw Rm hnizkn ncn pp. (_p Jmcn: 5840, apkvenw 4885) Xm_nCbmb Awdp_v\p Zo\m() ]dbpIbp-mbn: Amlp {kjvSmhpw Ah\m JpBs\mgn v _m n bp hsbmw krjvSnbpamsWv Fgp]Xv hjambn P\ ]dbpXmbn Rm tIphcpp. JpB krjvSn b AXv Amlphns hN\amIpp. AXv Ah\n \n v XpSn Ah\nte pXs aSpIbpw sN pw.(aPvaqD ^Xmhm C_v\pssXan () 1/248) ""AXv Ah\n \nv XpSn''FXns Aw A mlphmWv BZyambn AXv kwkmcn Xv FmIpp. CXv "Amlp Ah\m Xn JpB\ns\ krjvSn ncn pp' F Plvanbm fpsS hnizmk n\v adp]Snbpw IqSnbm Ipp.(29)
(29)
hnip JpB Amlphns krjvSnbmsWv Plvanbm sf t]mep Nn e I nI hmZn ncpp. Camw AlvaZp_v\p l () Cu hnjb n Ckv emans t\cmbhiw ]d Xv Imc-W- m Pbn hmka\p`hnt -n hnp -v. JpB Amlphns IemamsWXmWv Alvep p n h PamA n s hnizmkw.
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Fm ""Ah\nte v Xs aSpIbpw sN pw.'' FXn\v c-Yfp-v. Hv: JpB kwkmcsa hntijWambn Ah\n te v aSpp. AXmbXv JpB\ns\ Amlphns h N\amsX as mcmfnte pw tN p ]dbsSpIbn.Im cWw Ah\mWv AXv kwkmcn Xv. kwkmcsaXv kwkm cn phs hntijWamIpp. c-v: AXv apkvl^pIfn \npw lrZbfn \n pw Hcp cm{Xnbn Db sSpw F Nne AYdpIfn (kzlm_n hN\fn ) hnp Xpt]mse Amlphnte p Xs Db sSpXmIpp. AYhm P\ Cu JpB\\pkcn v {]h n mXmIpIbpw AXns\ AhK Wn pIbpw sN p k` n BZcshtmfw AXv P\fn \npw DbsSpXmIpp.(30) hnip JpB A cfpw hm pIfpamWv JpB Amlphns hN\amWv krjvSnb Fv \mw hnhcn pIbp-mbn. Fm JpB\ns hm pI krjvSnbmsWtm Astm ]dbmtam? AtXm au\w ]men pIbmtWm sNt -Xv? D cw: Cu hm pI krjvSnbmsWtm Astm sam n ]bmhpX. Fm hniZambn ]dbpt m Cu hm psIm-v Dtin sSpXv. ASnabpsS {]h nbmb D cn emWv Fn AXv krjvSnbmsWv hcp p.ImcWw ASnabpw Ahs {]h \hpw krjvSnIfm
(30)
kn kne lol: \ 87, kzlolp C_v\pamP: 4049
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Ipp. C\n CXpsIm-v Dtin pXv Amlphns hN \amsWn AtmfXv krjvSnb.ImcWw Amlphns kwkmcw Ahs hntijWfn sXmIpp. Ahs hntijWamIs krjvSnb Xm\pw. Camw AlvaZv() ]d Xv ChnsS {]tXyIw {it bamIpp: ""Rm JpB HmXpXns\ JpB\msW Dtiy t msS Bscnepw krjvSnbmsWv ]dbpIbmsWn Ah Plvanbm fn sh\mIpp.'' ChnsS Camw Ah IfpsS "JpB\msW Dtiyt msS' F hm v Jp B\msW DtiyanmsX shdpw D cn pI F {]h nsb BsWn Ah Plvanbm fn sh\mIp X Fdnbn pp. Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n pXns XpS w Xm_nDIfpsS Ahkm\ ImeLfn D hn n cppshnepw A cw hmZ-K-Xn-I {]Ncn m\mcw`n Xv D a \q m-pImcmb kzlm-_- ns bpw Ahsc ]n p S Xm_nDIfpsSbpw Ah ptijap Xm_nD m_n DIfpsSbpw tijambncpp. BZyambn CXv ]d Xv PAvZp_v\p Znlambncpp. ""Amlp C_vdmloans\ kplr mbn kzoIcn pI bp-mbnn. aqkmtbmSv Amlp t\cnv kwkmcn npan ' CXp ]d Xns t]cn lnimap_v\p A_vZn aen Ins `cWIme v CdmJnse KhWdmbncp JmenZp_v \p A_vZnm A Jkvco Cbmsf h[n pIbp-mbn. C XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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bmsf Atlw CuZvKmlnte v Iqns m-phcnIbpw ]n oSv s]cpm JpXzp_bv v tijw Atlw ]d p: tl, P\sf \n _enbdp pI. Amlp \n fpsS _en kzoIcn s. Rm PAZp_v\p Znlans\ _ enbdp pIbmWv. ImcWw Ah "Amlp C_vdmloan s\ kplr mbn kzoIcn pIbp-mbnnspw, aqkm tbmSv Amlp t\cnv kwkmcn npanspw hmZn pp. PAZv ]dbpXn \npw Amlp DX\pw alm\pamIp p! ]noSv Atlw AhnSpndn Abmsf AdpsIme sN pIbp-mbn.(idlp zlmhn :3/297) CXv lnPvd 119 _en s]cpmfn\mbncpp. CXv Camw C_v\p J nw() Xs "\q\n- m n' BZy `mK p Xs FSp p]d ncn pp. ""C mcW memWv Jkvcn _en Zn\ n PAZns\ Adp pIbp-mbXv. C_vdmlow Amlphns kplr spw aqkm Amlphpambn kwkmcn nnspw PAZv ]d Xn\membncpp AXv. Alvep p ns BfpI PAZns\ _enbdp v Amlphn\v \n {]ISnn pIbp-mbn.'' PAZn\ptijw Plvanbm psS t\Xmhmb Plvap_v \p kz^vhm C mcyw Gs Sp p {]Ncnn m XpS n. Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n phcmb Plvanbm Cbmsf ]n pShcmIpp. Jpdmkm\nse KhWdpsS ]mf mc\mb kmenap_v\p Alvhkv Cbm sf sIme sN pIbp-mbn. CXv lnPvd 128 embncpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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]noSv lnPvd c-mw \q m-n {Ko v tdma ]pkv XI Ad_nbnte v `mjm csSp nbXp \nan w Imcyw IqSpX i hpw ]co Wm Ihpambn. AXn\ptijw aqmw \q m-nembn _nivdp_v\p Kn bmYn ancoknbpsSbpw IqcpsSbpw ImcW m Plvan bm fpsS hnizmkw ho-pw {]Ncnn sSpIbp-mbn. CamapIsfmSw Chsc Bt ]n pIbpw Ahcne[nI t]cpw Ch Im^ndpItfm ]ng htcm BsWv ]dbpI bpw sN pp. am{Xa Dkvam\p_v\p kCuZpmcnan ancoknbpsS \q X\hmZ n\v adp]Snbmbn ""Amlphns XuloZn I w sIn a v sX ntmb Im^ndn\v Dkvam\p_v\p kp CuZpmcnanbpsS J \w''(32) Fv Hcp {K w Xs cNn pIbp-mbn. Cu {K w AhXm\XtbmsS hmbn p h v Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n phcp sS sXfnhpIfpsS Zu_eyhpw \ncIXbpw hy amIp XmWv. ]n me v h dmkn, K men, C_v\pAJo XpSnbhcpsS {K fn _nivdns CXpt]mep [m cmfw hymJym\ ImWmhpXmWv. Fm PqXmcpw, _lpssZhhnizmknIfpw,km_o aX mcpw, XXzNn Icpambncpp Amlphns hntij Wsf \ntj[n p C cw Bib kq n p sIm -p \SncpXv. PAZp_v\p Znlw Cu hnizmkw kzoIcn Xv A mkp _v\p kwB\n \nmbncpp. Abm
(32)
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Xzmeq n \n pw Abm \_n() v amcWw sNbvX PqX\mb e_oZp _v\p AAvkznan \npambncppshv ]dbsSpp. km_oaX mcpw, XXzNn Icpw [mcmfap ^dm F {]tZi mc\mbncpp PAZv.Xt-io-b-cpsS Hmtcm {] tZi p Xmakn p BfpI pw AhcpsS kz`mh n epw hnizmk nepw i amb kzm[o\ap-mIpsaXn kwiban. Chcn Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n p hcpsS hnizmkw Amlphnv ( Yp_qXn kzn^m v) m]nX hntijW C FmIpp.ImcWw A hcpsS hnizmk{]Imcw Amlphn\v kzn^ pIfps-v ncoIcn pXp aptJ\ Ah krjvSnItfmSv kmZriy ap h\mIpsamWv. C q Amlphn\v ( kn ^m p k _n )"\ntj[m Iamb' hnti-jW--sftbm Asn ( kzn^m p Cfm^n ) "tN nd bpXmb' hnti-j-W-sftbm, AXpasn (apd _ p an lpam) "Ch c-pw IqSnt ' kn^ pIsftbm am{Xsa ncoIcn pIbp q. k _n ("\ntj[m IambXv'): Fm Amlphn \v A\ptbmPyam Imcyw \ntj[n pXns\ pdn p XmWv. DZmlcW n\v Ah ]dbpXpt]mse ""Am lp Hcph\mIpp''FXv Amlp F{X Faps-v hn `Pn pXns\ \ntj[n pp. Asn ]mfnIfp-m IpI FXn \npw HgnhmWv Fv kmcw. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Cfm^n : tN ndbph: Amlphn\v ncoI cn s Hcp hntijWsa \ne v CXv ]dbsSpIbn . Fm B hntijWw as mnte v tN p ]db sSpt m B hntijWaps-v hcpp. Ah Am lphns\ pdn v "Ah XpS mc\pw ImcW mc\pam sW v ]dbpXpt]mse. Fm hkvXp fpw Ah\n \np-mbXv F-Xns ASn- m-\- n Ah\mWv Ah bpsS XpS mc\pw ImcW mc\pw. Bcw`n pI, Imc WamIpI F hntijWw Ah\v ncoIcn sXmWv F \nebne. apd _: "kwtbmPyambh': k`s ]cnKWn v k _n :, Cfm^n : Fns\ amdnhcpw. Ah Am lphns\ pdn v "Ah BZnbmIpp'shv ]dbpXp t]mse, Amlp BZyap-mbh\mIppshXv \ntj[m IamIpp.FXn\m AXv k _nbmb kzn^ mWv. Fm Fm krjvSnIfpw Ah\ptijamWp-mbXv F n AXv Cfm^nbpamIpp. Amlphns hntijWsf \ntj[n ph C cw hnizmkfmWv kzoIcn np sXn Hcp hnizm knbpsStbm Asn _p nbp hcpsStbm a\ v CsX ns\ kzoIcn m X mdmIpw? Asnepw Amlp A \p{Kln hcmb {]hmNIm, kXyk m, c km n I ,k cnXm FnhcpsS amKw Dt] n v C c m cpsS Cu \qX\ hnizmkw kzoIcn mtam? Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n phcpsS amKw XfpsS _p nbn A\ptbmPyambn mWp kzn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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^m pIsf am{Xw ncoIcn pIbpw, _p n v AkzoIm cyambn tXmpXns\ kzoIcn mXncn pIbpw sN pI F XmWv kzn^ p \ntj[nIfpsS sFIIWvtT\bp A `n{]mbw. CXv JpB\n\pw kp n\pw nc-sp h Xm-bmepw icn.AYhm ChcpsSbSp Amlphnv kzn ^m pI ncoIcn pXpw \ncmIcn pXpsamw A hcpsS _p nbmIpp. ]noSv, ncoIcn pXnepw \ntj[n pXnepw _p n v A\ptbmPyambn ImWm hbn Ah `nn pI bp-mbn. As\ Ahcne[nIt]cpw AXv \ntj[n pI bpw AXv BemcnIamsWv hmZn pIbpw sNbvXp. a pNne Amlphns kn^ pI ln p Aw \ ImsX AXn au\w ]men pIbpw AXns A s Amlphnte v hnSpIbpw sN pIbp-mbn. _p n]chpw {]am-W-_ hpamb sXfnhpI nSbn R au\w ]men ncn ppshh CXneqsS hmZn p sIm-ncn pp.]t bYm neh I amWv ]d Xv. ImcWw _p n]chpw {]am-W-_ hpamb sXfnhpI Amlphns ]cn]qWamb kzn^ pIsf ncoIcn p Xn tbmPn pIbmWv sNbvXnp Xv. JpB\nepw kp nepw hnp Amlphns Fm kzn^ pIfpw _p n sIm-v AXv hnhcn m km[yasn t]mepw A Xv _p n v hncp am XmIpp. C qcpsS amKw kqd pnkmC Amlp ]d htcmSv kmZriyamIpp.
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""\n\ v AhXcnn sXnepw \n\ pap v AhXcn n sXnepw X hnizkn ncn pp Fv P ]n p Hcp Iqsc \o I-nt? Zpaq nIfpsS ASpt v hn[n tXSntmIphm\mWv Ahcptin pXv. hmkvXh n Zpaq nIsf Ahnizkn phm\mWv Ah I ]n snp Xv. ]nimNv Ahsc _lpZqcw hgnsX n phm\p tin pIbmWv. Amlp AhXcnn Xnte pw (Ahs ) ZqX\nte pw \n hcq Fv AhtcmSv ]dbsm B I]ShnizmknI \nshnv ]msS ]n ncn pt]mIpXv \n\ v ImWmw. Fm kz w ssII sNbvXp sh Xn s êambn Ah v h B] pw _m[n pIbpw A\ cw Ah \ns ASp phv Amlphns t]cn k Xyw sNbvXpsIm-v R \bpw A\pcRvP\hpamsX as mpw Dtin ncpn Fv ]dbpIbpw sN pt mgp nXn Fs\bmbncn pw?'' (AnkmAv: 60)2 6 Xmsg hcp ImcW sIm-v ta Bb nse hnjbw ChcpsS {]h n v tbmPn pp. Hv: \_n()bv v AhXcnn sXnsemw Ch hnizkn ph-cm-sWv hmZn- p--h-cm-sW-nepw Ch A tlw sIm-p-hsXmw kzoI-cn- p--h-c- . c-v: JpB\nepw kp nepw hnp Amlp hns ]cn]qWamb kzn^ pIsf hnizkn pXn\v C hsc Wn pIbmsWn B I]S hnizmknItfmSv A mlp AhXcnn Xnte pw (Ahs ) ZqX\nte pw \n hcq Fv ]dbsm B I]S hnizmknI ]n ncn p t]mIpXpt]mse Ahcpw Xncn pIfbpXmIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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aqv: Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n p Ch v A\pIcn pXn\mbn Nne Zpaq nIfp-v. A mlphns ZqX sIm-phXnt\ m ChcpsS Cu Zp aq nI mWv Ch ap KW\ \ IpXv.ta ]d I]ShnizmknIsf t]mse Xs Zpaq nIsf Ahniz kn m\htcmSv I ]n snpw Zpaq nIfpsS ASp t v hn[n tXSntmIphm Dtin pXp t]mse s A`n{]mb `nXIfp-mIp kfn JpB\n te pw kp nte pw aSpXn\p ]Icw C cw Zp aq nIfpsS ASpt v hn[n tXSntmIphm\mWv Ah Dtin pXv. \mev: ta ]d I]ShnizmknI ""R \ bpw A\pcRvP\hpamsX as mpw Dtin ncpn.'' Fv kXyw sNbvXp]d Xp t]mse Xs,kzn^m p \n tj[nIfmb ChcpsS Cu hymJym\w sIm-v Ah \ bpw _p n]chpw {]amW_ hpamb sXfnhpI nSbn tbmPnn epamWv Dtin psXv Ah hmZn pp. Cs\bmWv Fm I hmZnIfpw AhcpsS hymP hmZsf ad psh pIbpw X\n\ndw {]ISnn pIbpw sN mdp Xv. A_ w \nd hmZfmWv Ch Dbn m dp Xv. ]t Amlp GsXmcm v Adnhpw m\hpw {Kmlyi nbpw k\ pw \ Intbm Ahsc AkXy t m s]m hmZ t m Bib pg nem m km [ya. Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n pXpsIm-p -mIp A]IS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n pXp sIm -v \n_ ambpw Xmsg hcp A]IS D-mIp XmWv. Hv: hnip JpB\pw Xncpkp pw, kXy\ntj[hpw AXnte p Whpw ASnbXmsWv hcpw. ImcWw kzn^m v \ntj[nI Amlphns kzn^ pI n coIcn pXv Ahs\ kmZriysSp epw Ip^vdpamsW v hmZn pXmb kzn^ pI Ch c-nepw \nd p \n pp. hnip JpB\pw Xncpkp pw kXyw hy am n bnn. ImcWw Amlphns kzn^ pIsf \ntj[n emWtm C q kXyambn ImWpXv. hnip JpB \ns tbm Xncpkp ns tbm aqehmIy ntem _mlym ntem Amlphns ]cn]qWamb kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n pXmbn Adnbn p bmsXmcp tcJbpan. c-v: ""Ahv(Amlphnv) t]scm Bscsbnepw \n\ dnbptam?'' (abw:65) ""Ah\p Xpey\mbn Bcpw CXm\pw.'' (A CJvemkv: 4) XpSnb Bb pIfn \npw Amlphns hntijW sf Ah \ntj[n emsWv A\pam\n emIpp C hcnse hnZymKhnIfpsS e yw. Fm taep cn Xpt]mep JpB\ns aqe hmIyfn \npw _p nbp GsXmcm pw Ah A mlphns ]cn]qWXsb ncoIcn pXmsWpw A hs hntijW v Xpeyambn BcpanspamWv a\ nemhpI. Amlphns hntijWsf \ncmIcn em XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Wv CXpsIm-v e ysav Hcmfpw a\ nem pIbn. A tm C cw hN\ Amlphns kzn^ pIsf \ntj[n phbmsWv ]dbph HpIn Ahs h N\ n\v KqVmw I-p]nSn pItbm AXns\ ad p sh pItbm AXsn hnhcn m Ignbm ht\m Bbn cn pXmWv. Chsbmpw Xs Amlphns tbm Ah s {]hmNIs tbm hN\fn hcm ]mSnm XmIp p. ImcWw JpB\pw {]hmNINcybpw ]qWamb hnh cWhpw Dtiyhpw D s m pXmIpp.adn v krjvSnI sf ]ngn tem A Imc nem tem A AhbpsS e yw. AXns hniZoIcW ntem hnhcW ntem bm sXmcp IpdhpIfpan. aqv: aplmPndpIfn \npw A kmdpIfn \npw B Zyambn aptmphhcpw kpIrXw sNbvXpsIm-v Ah sc ]n pShcpw AkXyw ]dbphcpw kXyw aqSnsh phcpw, Ah Cu hnjbkw_ ambn hnhcanm hcpambncpp FmWv ChcpsS P ]\w aptJ\ hptNcpI. kzn^m p \ntj[nI AkXyamsWv hmZn p Cu kzn^m pI ]qWambpw Amlphnps-v Ahcn \nv A\n-tj-[y-amw-hn[w (apXhmXndmbn) D cn sncn pp. Hcn t]mepw Ah \ntj[nIfpsS hm Zamb Amlphns kzn^m pIsf \ntj[n p kwkmcn pIbp-mbnn. Cs\ D-mhpI FXv D a \q m -pImcpw Cu kapZmb nse DXcpambhsc kw_ n nSt mfw Akw`hyamIpp. \mev: Amlphns ]cn]qWamb kzn^ pIfn GsX nepsamv CmXmIpIbmsWn \n_ ambpw Ah XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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v A]qWamb hntijWaps-phcpp. ImcWw A kvXnXzap Fm n\pw AXnt Xmb hntijWfp-v. B hntijWw CmXmIpIbmsWn AXn\p hncp am b \yq\XbpsS hntijWamWv ]noSp-mIpI. AtXmsS kzn^m p \ntj[nIfpsS Imcyw Ah p hn]coXambn o cpIbpw GsXmcp Xnbn \nmtWm Ah t]Snt mSp Xv AXn Xs Ah hogpIbpw sN pp. kzn^m p \ntj[nI Ahew_n mdp ]p sImSnI icnbmb Adnhpw {Kmlyi nbpw Amlp \ In bncn p Fmh pw Ffp- - n a\- n-em- m Ign bp A_ PUneamb Nne hmtdmeIsfbmWv kzn^m p \ntj[nI Ahew_n mdp Xv. km[mcW Ah Ahew_n mdp Xv Xmsg ]dbph bmWv. 1. AhcpsS hmZ n\v sXfnhmbn CPvamDs-tm A sn AhcpsS hmZamWv bYmambsXtm sXfnbn sncn psXtm Asn kq va m\nI Aw KoImcw \ InbsXtm t]mep I hmZ . 2. Amlphn\v kzn^ pI ncoIcn pXv Ah \v kmZriysSp \n_ ambn ocppsh sX p [mcW. ImcWw kn^m pI (33) ]ZmY- ns KpW- fm-Wv. AXv \ne\n Wsan icoc ns klmbam hiyambn hcpp. AXmIs Ahs\ kmZriysSp ep amWv.
(33)
kn^ pI Amlphns Zm n(k -bn )ep X. adn v Ah BIkvanI ambn hcpXmIppshmWnhcpsS hnizmkw.
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3. Amlphnte v tN p ]dbm ] pXpw A m Xpamb ]e Afpap ]Zfn ]nSn p Xq pI.DZmlW n\v icocw (Pnkvav) Amlphp ew (l nkv) `mKw (Pnlm v) Fnh Amlphnv C F v sam n \ntj[n pXpaqew Ahs kzn^ p Isf \ntj[n pIbmIpp.(34) AhcpsS C cw hmtdmeIsf pdn dnbm h v kXyamsWv tXm \nebn A pXIcamb hmN I- sIm-v hfsc `wKnbmb ssienbn Ah hnhcn pXmbn mWmw. Fm hnjbw ]cntim[n pIbm sWn AXv s]m bmsWv t_m[yamIpXmWv. Hcp Ihn ]d Xp t]mse: ""bYmamsWv \o IcpXp sXfnhpI kv^Sn Iw- t]mse Hsmmbn hoWncn pp. XI p--h-sbms bpw XI -s-Sp--Xp-am-Wv'' ta ]d hmZK-XnI p J \w Hv: Ah Am-lp-hn\v \ntj[n Xn\v kam\ambXn s\ Ah Xs Ah\v ncoIcn pp. c-v: AhcpsS hmZ ]ckv]c hncp hpw Bib pgw \nd XpamIpp. DZmlcW n\v Ahcnsemtcm hn`mKhpw hmZn p HmIpp, _p nbpsS tXa\pkcn v hymJym\n \n_ amWv FXv. as mcnS v A
(34)
A[ymbw 9 Amlphns Znisb pdn v ]dbp`mKhpw A[ymbw 10 A mlphns tZls pdn v ]dbp `mKhpw t\m pI. Amlphp ew (l nkv) krjvSnI Amlphns\ D s m ppshmWv CXpsIm-ptin sSpsXn AXv Akw`hyamIpp. adn v Amlp krjvSnIfn \npw th dnp \n ph\mWv FmWv Dtin sSpsXn AXv icnbpamIpp.
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hcXv J n pIbpw sN pp. Cs\ hmZ ]ckv] c hncp amIpXv Xs AhcpsS hmZw s]m bmsW Xn\v aXnbmb sXfnhmIpp. aqv: Ah m]n m {ian pXn\v AhcpsS ] icnbmb tcJbpsS ]n _ean. icnbmb tcJbp sS ]n _eanm Xv AhcpsS s]m hmZs bmWdnbn pXv. \mev: Amlphns kzn^m pI hnhcn pXn hnp {]amW hymJym\aln pn. C\n AXn se NneXv hymJym\nt -Xps-n Xs AhbpsS {] Xy amb Aw \ IpXn\v AXv XS amIpnXm \pw. Av: Amlphns kzn^ pIsf pdn v ]cnip Ckveman \nmWv \mw Adntb-Xv.AXv {]hmNI () bmWv \s ]Tnn Xv.Fncns AXns\ hymJym\n JdmanXzIfpw, _mXzn\nbm fpw(36) \akvImcw, t\m v, l p t]mep hsb hymJym\n Xp t]msebmIpp. Bdv: tZtlOI SnasSm _p n, ssZhnI hn tijWsf pdn v h aqehmIy D s m m XS amIpn. adn v Ah a\ m, hmNm, IaWm AwKo
(36)
Iq^bnemWo {] m\ n\v XpS sav ]dbsSpp. 278 XXzNn Isc ]n pSncp \n XhmZnIfmWnh. kdmZivXv, akvZJv Fnh v \p_ph p s-nh hmZn pIbp-mbn.inB fn \npSseSp CuhKw apkvenw tem I ns \mi n\pw AXymlnX n\panSbm n. CkvamCuep AAvdPp_v\p Pav^ kmZnJnte v tN psIm-v CkvamCenbm Fpw _mXzn\nbm sf pw ]dbsSmdp-v. (A _nZmb: hnlmb: 11/71)
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Icn pIbmWv sN pI. Hcp ]t Cu aqe hmIy X s _p nsIm-v hniZambn a\ nem m km[n p sIm Wsan.Asnepw _p nsIm-v KthjWw \S n ssZhnIXbnte v F nt cm km[n pIbn FXv C qcnse alm] nXmt]mepw kincI w k Xn Xmbn mWmw. AXn\m ssZh t{]m amb hN\ {] hmNIXncpta\n ]Tnn Xpt]mse ZphymJym\w IqSmsX AwKoIcn emWv bYmY_p n. kn^m pIsf \ntj[n phcpw D]an phcpw \ntj[nI : PlanI , apAvXknenI , AivAcnI Fnhsctmse Amlphns \ma hntijWfn tesXnepw \ntj[n ph.
(37)
D]an ph: inB fnse Xo{hhmZnIfmb ]qh Ime dm^nfnbm sftmse Amlphns hntijW sf krjvSnItfmSv D]an p sIm-v ncoIcn . bYm n Fm \ntj[nIfpw Ahsb D]an p hcmIpp. A{]Imcw Fm D]an phcpw \ntj[n phcpamIpp. \ntj[nIfpsS kzn^m p \ntj[w hy amWv.Fm Ah D]an phcmsWv ]dbm\p ImcWw. bYm n AhcpsS hnizmk{]Imcw kzn^m pIsf n coIcn pIbmsWn kmZriysSpt -nhcpsa Im
(37)
AivAco aZvl_ns m]I\mb Camw A_p lk Aen A AivAcn ]n me v JpB\nte pw kp nte pw aSpIbpw Am-lphns \ma hntijW apgph\pw {]amWfn \nv AwKoIcn pIbpw sNbvXncn p p.
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cW m BZyw Ah (Am-lp-hns hnti-j-W-sf) krjvSnItfmSv D]an pIbpw ]noSv B hnti-j-W-sf ]msS \ntj[n pIbpamWv sN p-Xv. D]an phcpsS ssien {]ISamWv. Fm Ch aqv \nebn Ah \ntj[n phcpw IqSnbmIpp. Hv: Ch Amlphns hntijW ncoIcn p aqehmIysf Ahbdnbn pXv GsXmcs bmtWm AXn \npw sX n pI hgn B aqehmIys s \ntj[n phcmbncn pp.ImcWw {]amW Amlphns alXz n\v tbmPn p \nebnep al Xv KpWsf ncoIcn pp-v. AXv Ahs krjvSnI tfmSv kmZriysSp ns m-. c-v: Amlphns\ Ahs krjvSnItfmSv kmZriy sSp pIbmsWn Ah\p Xpyambn bmsXmpan. (Aiqdm:11) Ah\p Xpeyambn Bcpw CXm\pw (A CJvemkv:4) XpSnb Amlphns\ Ahs krjvSnItfmSv km ZriysSp pXns\ hne p Fm Bb pIsfbpw \ntj[n emIpp. aqv: Amlphns\ Ahs krjvSnItfmSv kmZriy sSp pIbmsWn Fm hn[ nepw ]cn]qW\mb c nXmhns\ ]e \yq\XIfpap krjvSnItfmSv kmZriy sSp n FXpsIm-v Amlphn\v \n_ ambpw D -mbncnt - ]cn]qWXsbbmWv \ntj[n ncn pXv. ke^pI C ap Iemans\Xnsc hN\imkv{X ] nXm ]pXpXmbn I-p]nSn am XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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KfneqsS CkvemanI hnizmkImcyfn IS n qn b ]p hm-Z-am-Wn-Xv. CXpsIm-ptin pXv.JpB\n epw lZoYnepw {]kvXmhn shsb Ah CXp-sIm-v FXn p-I-bpap-mbn. hN\imkv{Xs bpw AXwKoIcn phscbpw ]qhnI i ambn Xm oXp \evIpIbpw J n pIbpw sNbvXnp-v. F{Xt msfsam Camw AlvaZv() ]dbpIbp-mbn: hN\imkv{X Hcn epw hnPbw {]m]n pIbn. ""apXInapIsf (hN\imkv{X sc) HmeaS , sN cnv FnhsIm-v ASn pIbpw tKm{X nSbn A hsc Np n\S pIbpw sNbvXpsIm-v JpB\pw kp pw Dt] n v hN\imkv{XcpsS IqsS tNXn\p in -bmWnsXv ]dbpIbpw sN WsamWv Rm I ]n pXv.'' Ah Amlphnt\mSv ] mX]n pXn\pw a p h AhcpsS amKw ]n ] mXncn m\p KpW]mT n \pw Camw im^nCu() ]d- -Xn\v Cu hm n\v Alcm Wh. C\n as mcp \ne v t\m pIbmsWn ]cn{à hpw ]nimNpw Cu hn`mKs IogS nbXmbn mWmw. A Xn\m \ap v AhtcmSv klX]n mw. Ah p _m[n Cu tcmK n \npw \s c sSp nb Amlphn s\ kvXpXn pIbpw sN mw. \ap v AhcpsS hnjb n c-`n{]mbamWp Xv. Ahsc acymZ ]Tnn pIbpw Ahsc Cu hnizmkw {]N cnn pXn \nv XSbpIbpw sN pI F aX]camb _m[yXbmWXv. as mv AXv Amlphns \n bam XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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sW \ne v AhtcmSv IcpW ImWn pIbpw Ah p _m[n Cu Ah bn \npw c \ Inb Amlp hns\ kvXpXn pIbpw sN pI FXpamIpp. C ap Ieman {]thin v AXns Bg nte v Cdns m hscbmWv G hpw IqSpX `bstSXv. F psIms-m CXn Xosc {]thin m h\m sWn Ah Cu tcmK n \npw ap \mbncn p p. C\n AXns Bg nte v F nbhcmsWn Ch cnse {]apJcn Nne p-mbXpt]mse AhcpsS hgntI Sns\ pdn v t_m[ysSpIbpw JpB\nte pw kp n te pw aSpIbpw sN pXmWv.(40) Fm k ] m hn \nv sX n Imcyw t_m[ysSmsX A_ n A htijn phcpsS Imcyambncn pw A]IS nemhpI. ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXanb() Xs Cu ^Xv h-bnse Cu A[ymb n hfscb[nIw apXInapIfpsS hm pI FSp p cn ncn pp. Atlw ]d p:Fm hn[ XXzimkv{Xsf mfp]cn hnip JpB\pw kp pw ke^pIfpsS amKhpw Xs \ap v aXnsbnepw A[nI P\fpw Nne hN\ imkv{X hn`m-K--fn-te v A hsc Ipdn- p \ hnNm-c- m tN p ]d-bp--h-cmbn cn- pp! a p ]ecpw A]-{K-Yn- m ]eXpw C q- A ]-{K-Yn- n-p-s- A_ [mc-W-bm-W-h p- -Xv. As\ C c m v JpB\nse Fm hN\fpw HmXnt n pIbmsWnepw hN\imkv{X cpsS hm n \n
(40)
DZmlcW n\v CamwK men, A_p lk AivAcn() t]mep h. A [ymbw 9 t\m pI.
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]sanepw e`ns nte Ch Xr]vXcmIq, XpSv At lw ]d p: Cu Imcy nemIs Am XnemIs hN \ imkv{X- ns Bfp-I-fn \npw Am hcn \np ambn \mw FSp- p- -cn hm p-I Fmw Xs \ psS A`n-{]m-b-ambn \mw ]dbpn. ]t kXyw Bcp ]d mepw AXv kzoIcn stS---Xm-Ip-p. (^Xmhm C_v \p ssXan 5/99 t\m pI.) ChnsS ssiJp Ckvemw() GXp a\pjycn \n msWnepw kXyw hy am epw AhcpsS t\Xm m cpsS hm pIfn \npXs Ahs Xncnep sXfnhv kan epamWv e yam pXv. Amlphnepw A yZn\ nepap hnizmk n \nv hyXn Nenh \_nbpsSbpw AhnSps A\pNcmcpsSbpw kp IrX n Ahsc A\pKan hcpsSbpw Adnhnepw Ia n epap sNm mb amKsa msWv Ah[m\XtbmsS A t\zjn ph v a\ nem phm km[n pw.Amlphn epw A yZn\ nepw bYm hnizmkw D s m pIbpw AXv bYmw XsbmsWv k Xn pIbpw sNbvXh cmWh. AhcpsS Iafn Ah EPpam\kvIcpw A mlphns \nbasf A\pKan phcpambncpp. A mlphn a mscsbnepw ]ptN pItbm, aX n ]pXpXmbh IS n qpItbm t`ZKXn hcp pItbm, If hm pItbm sN m hcmWh. hyXnNen h aqv hn`mKamIpp. `mh\mw, hymJym\n ph, A XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v X \Sn p
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h P ]n ph: 1) Alvep- -Jvbo AYhm `mh-\-bpsS h m- : XXzNn Icpw _mXzn\nbm fpw ChcpsS ]mX kzoI cn Fm apXInapIfpw CXn s]Spp. ChcpsS icnbm b hnizmk{]Imcw Amlphns\ pdn pw A yZn\ n s hnizmkhpambn _ sp \_nam sIm-phnp h bmYmyanm D]aIfpw Dulmt]mlfpamIp pshmWv. Ch sIm-ptin pXv s]mXp\bpw _ lp`qcn`mKw P\ pw D]Imcap-mbncn pI FXp amIpp. AYhm P\tfmSv \n v alm\pw i \pw ImcpWyhm\pw Fmw AS n`cn ph\pamb Hcp c n Xmhps-pw \nsfmhcpw ]p\Pohnn sSp Hcp Znhkw hcm\ncn pp. Av \nfpsS Ia v {]Xn êw \ Ipsapsamw ]dbpXn Ch-cpsS hmZ {]Im cw Hcp bmYmYyansnepw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-amb amK n \ne\n phcmIpp. Ch c-p hn`mKap-v: 1) AXncpIhn h, 2) anXhmZnI AXncpIhn hcpsS hmZw: \_nam v Cu Imcy fpsS bmYmYyw AdnbpIbn. adn v ssZhnI Zi\ap h mWv Ah Adnbm IgnbpI. Amlphns\ pdn pw A yZn\s pdn pw P\fn sh v G hpw Iq SpX Adnbphcmbn, \_namtc m Cu XXz m\nI mWdnbpI FmWhcpsS hnizmkw. anXhmZnIfpsS hnizmkw: \_nam v C mcysf mw Adnbmsanepw P\fpsS s]mXp \ pth-n k XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Xyt mSv tbmPn m `mh\m]camb ImcyfmWv P\ tfmSv ]d Xv. AtXizmk n Xs {]hmNIcpsS IfhpIfp s m p C cw amKfneqsSbmsX A SnaI v s]mXp\bp-mIpIbn Fh hmZn pIbpw sN pp. ChnsS Hmas hn`mKw, {]hmNIm Adnhnm hcmsWv hn[n ]dbpt m c-mas hn`mKw, {]hmN Im hImcpw I hmZnIfpamsWv hn[n pp. Amlphns\ pdn pw A yZn\s pdn pw `mh\ bn \nv P ]n phcpsS hmZfmWnXv. C\n IafpsS ImcyfnemIs, Hmtcmcp tcm Spw I ]n sXns\ Ahcnsemcp hn`mKw bmYmyam bn a\ nem pp. as mcp hn`mKamIs Iasf `mh \m Iambpw {]XoIm Iambpw ImWpp.ChcpsS ho W {]Imcw Ia km[mcW m p XmWv. {][m\n I p X. As\ AhcpsS clkyfdnbpXns\ \akvImcambpw Ah ad psh pXv {hXambpw Ahcp sS ssiJpamcpsS ASp te v bm{X sN pXv l m bpw Ah hymJym\n pp. Ch XsbmWv CkvamCu eym fnsebpw _mXzn\nbm fnsebpw aX\ntj[nI . A\p`hhpw _p nbpw aXhpw ChcpsS Cu hm n s A]-ISw hy am pp. A{]Imcw Amlphns A kvXnXzs bpw Ahs ]cn]qWamb hntijWs bpw Adnbn p IW nm ZrjvSm \mw I-phcpp. Fm hkvXp fnepw Ah\v Hmtcm ZrjvSm ap-v.A h (ssZhw) Hcph\msWdnbn pXmWXv. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hyh m]nXambn cq]w sIm-np Cu {]] n se kIeam\ hkvXp fpw Fm n\pw Ignhp Hcp hy h sSp nb AKm[ m\nbnmsX Xms\ D-mbn F v Fs\ hnizkn pw? Amlphns ]cn]qWamb Adnhpw Fm hn[ [akwlnXIfpw D s m pXmWv A yZn\ hnizmkw. AlmcnIfpw _p n{àw _m[n h cpamsX AXns\ \ntj[n pIbn. `mh\mw P ]n pXn \npw BfpI hn-I p t]mbns m-ncn pXv kv]jvS-ambncns IqSpX Hpw Ahsc JWvTnt - Bhiyan. 2) Fm hymJym-\- m AYhm Alvep Av-ho Plvanbm fnsebpw apAvXknenbm fnsebpw Ah sc ]n pShcnepap hN\ imkv{X cmWnh.\_n ()sIm-ph Amlphns hntijWsf hnhcn p aqehmIyfpsS _mlyamb Aa Ah sIm-v D tin sSpXv.adn v \_n() v Adnbmhp AXn-t\mSv FXn-cm-Ip AfmWv. Fm P\ AhcpsS _p nsIm-v A\pam\ns Sp p coXnbn B aqehmIy sf hnncn ppshpamWv ChcpsS bYm hnizm kw. AtXmsSmw B aqehmIyfpsS {]Xy amb A s Ahcptin p A nte v Xncn phnSm {ian pIbpw sN pp. AhcpsS _p n]co n epw {] Xy ambn A n \nv sX n m\p {ia ns h n {]Xnêhpw, `mjbnse H sXpw Akm[mcW hpamb {]tbmKsf AhXcnn emWv AXpsIm-p e yw. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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P\fn sh v G hpw henb Bib pg n epw, sshcp[y nepamWh. F psIms-m Ch v hymJym\n m IgnbpXpw Ignbm Xpw AXn\ptim w \nWbn mt\m km[yamIp ANeamb ss cyan FXmIpp ImcWw. am{Xhpa hN\imkv{X km[mcWbmbn hmZn mdp A- , kwkm-cn- pbmfpsS Ah bn \npw hmNI ns LS\bn \npw Xs AhcpsS hymJym\ma AXpsIm-nhnsS Dtin sSpXv F v hy amIpXmWv. Ch kp ns\ klmbn phcmsWv ]pdw ]q n ImWn pIbpw Amlphns\ ]cnip nsSp ppsh v A`n\bn pIbpw sN pp. ]t , Amlp AhcpsS hmtdmeI v adp]Sn \ Ins m-pw, sXfnhpIsf Zp _eam ns m-pw Ahsc XpdpImnbncn pp.ssiJp Ckvemapw a p ] nXmcpw Ch v adp]Sn sImSp pXn\v cwK phnp-v.(42) Ch kp ns\ klm bn phcmsWv P\ nSbn \Sn pXn\m a p I nIsf m IqSpX BfpI ChcnemWv hn XcmIm km[yX. A yZn\hpambn _ sv hn-p aqehmIy sf Ip-dn v hymJym-\- m-cpsS aXw: hymJym\anmsX hniz kn WsamIpp. Fm Amlphns hntijW Imcy n hnhcn p aqehmIysf AhbpsS bYm A n \np sX n v AhbpsS _mlyam
(42)
A[ymbw Ccp]Xv t\m pI.
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b A n\v hncp amIp BemcnImw \ IpI FXmWv ChcpsS \ne]mSv. `mh\mw P ]n ph Chsc kwkmcw sIm-v IogS pIbpw Amlphns hn tijWsf hymJym\n Xpt]mse A y\mfns Imcy n AhXcnn s aqehmIysfbpw hymJym\n m \n_ nXcm pIbp-mbn. hymJym\n ph Ah cpsS Cu hmZ n\v ]d \ymbw C{]Imcambncpp: ]ctemIaps-v ncoIcn psIm-mWv dkq () hnp sXv R v AdnbmhpXpw AXn\v hncp- amb kt-l--fnse _men-iX R a\- n-em- p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--v. AXn\m AXp ncoIcn A\n-hm-cy-am Wv. CXv Amlphnte v aS sSpsaXns sXfnhpI sf hymJym\n m ]mSnmsbpw AXns\ AXns bYm mY n Xs hnizkn Wsa hmZap s m p Xpw `mh\mw \ IphcpsS hnizmks J n p sXfnhpw icnbmb adp]Snbpw IqSnbmIpp. Imc Ww sXfnhv ncsSpIbpw XS anmXmIpIbpw sNbv Xm sXfnhdnbn pXv ncsSp-XmWv. Amlphns hntijWsf ncoIcn pXnepw AXpambn _ s aqehmIysf hymJym\w IqSmsX Xs hnizkn WsaXn\v AXns\ hymJym\n ph s Xncn Alvep p pIm Dbn Xpw CtX sXfn hmbncpp. Ah hymJym\n phtcmSv C{]Imcw ]dbp Ibp-mbn: Amlphns hntijWsf ncoIcn p sIm-mWv dkq () hnp sXv \ap dnbmhpXm Wv. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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AXns\ \ntj[n pXnse Zqjyw R a\ nem pIbpw sNbvXncn pp. Fncns AXv ncoIcn \n_ amIpp. Amlphns hntijWsf hymJym\n ph v Hgn p amdm ] m hn[ nep hy amb sXfnhm WnXv.ImcWw Amlphnte v aS sSpsa hnjb n ep aqehmIys AXns bYm AY n \n pw sX n pXns\ XSbph v JpB\n AXnt\ m IqSpX al chpw ncsXpamb Amlphn s hntijWsf sX n- p--Xns\ \n_ ambpw XS tb-nbncn pp.AXnh X mdmIm ] w AXv A hcpsS ]ckv]c sshcp ys bpw _p nbpsS XIcmdpam Wv hy am pXv. 3) A X \Sn ph:
kp nte pw ap KmanIfnte pw tN p ]dbp hcmWnh-cn-e-[n-Ihpw.ChcpsS hnizmk ns ASn m \w Xs Amlphns hntijWsf pdn v {]hmNI () sIm-p hnp Xv Aadnbm Ahy amb hm pIfmIppshmWv. AXmbXv {]hmNI () Am lphns hntijWfpsS Aw AdnbmsXbmbncpp Ah ]d ncpsXp t]mepw Ah hnizkn pp. AtXmsSmw Amlphns hntijWfpsS Imcy n _p n v {]thi\ansv Ch Xs hmZn pp. Cu ASn m\ n ChcpsS hnizmk{]Imcw \_n() pw AhnSps A\pNcm pw ap KmanIfmb CamapI XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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pw Cu hnjb n _p n]camb Adnthm {]am-W-_- amb Adnthm Cm FXmIpp. CXp Ipsh \pWbm sW-Xn kwi-b-an- . Amlphns hntijWpsS Imcy n Ch kzo Icn amKw AhbpsS As Amlphn `cta ]n psIm-v ]Zs DcphnSpIsbXmWv. AXn ]ckv] cw hncp amIphcpw Ahcnep-v. DZmlW n\v Ah ]dbpp: kzn^m pI v Amlphn\msX a m pw Adnbm _mlym-t mSv tbmPn- m hymJym\ap s-nepw {]Xy ambXv \nWbn p sImSpt -XmIpp sh sshcp[yw \nd {]ISamWv.ImcWw Amlphn\ msX a m pw Adnbm Hcp hymJym\w AXn\psn ]ns Fs\bmWv AhbpsS {]Xy amb A w sImSp pI.? ChbpsS Cu coXnsb pdn v ssiJp Ckvemw() Atl ns ( A AJvep h Jv ) F {K ns hmfyw 1 t]Pv 121 ]dbpp: ""kp ns bpw ke^p menlpIfpsSbpw amKs ]n ] ppsh X ^vhofv hmZnIfpsS hmZw XnI pw ssZh\ntj[nIfpsSbpw \qX\hmZnIfpsSbpw Zpjn A`n{]mbamsWv a\ nem mw'' Cu hn`mK m sXfnhmbn D cn pXv Xmsg Im Wp kq amIpp. Fm a\ pIfn h{IXbp h Ipgap-m m Dtin psIm-v ZphymJym\w \S m B{Kln p sIm -pw, ASnbpd hcmIs Ah ]dbpw. ""R AXn hnizkn ncn pp. Fmw \ psS c nXmhn \np XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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XmIpp.'' (Bep Cwdm : 7) F Bb nse ""Amlp hn\v am{Xta'' Adnbq Fv ap KmanI \ Inb A ns ASn m\ nemWv. c-p apJhpctbmsSbmWv Ah ChcpsS Cu hmtdm e kan m {ian np Xv. Hv: Amlphns \mahntijWsf pdn p Bb pI Bib n kmZriyap hN\fmIpp. c-v: Bb n ]dbsnp ( XAvho ) F Xv: ]Z ns {]Xy n \npw AXn\v hncp amb Xnte v sX n emIpp.Atm Amlphns \ma hn tijWsf pdn p Bb pI AhbpsS {]Xy amb A n\v hncp hpw, AXv Amlphn\msX a m pw AdnbnIpIbn Fpambncn pw Cu hnizmk ns ]cnWnXêw. CXn-\p adp-]-Snbpw hnhn[ cq]- n-ep--v Hv: Amlphns hntijWsf pdn p Bb pIfn ]ckv]c kmZriyaps- hmZw sIm-v F m Wnh Dtin pXv FmWv \ap dntb-Xv. AhbpsS As Bi-b- Ip-g- -ap- Xpw Ahy- -hp-am- p-I-bm tWm? AX- m, AhbpsS bmYmYyw Bi-b-Ip-g- -ap- Xpw Ahy- -am-b-Xp-amWv FmtWm Ah-cp-t-in- p-Xv? Hmas AamWv Ch Dtin psXn A Xp Xs-bmWv AhcpsS Dtiyw Amlphns hntij Wsf pdn p Bb pI Bib n Ahy- -X bp hb. ImcWw AhbpsS Aw hy amWv.AX XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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c-mas AamWv Dtiysan Amlphns \ma hntijWsf pdn p Bb pI Ah\n s]Xm Ipp.ImcWw AhbpsS bmYmyhpw cq]hpw Amlp hn\msX a m pw Adnbn. CXpsIm-pXs Am lphns hntijWsf pdn p Bb pIsf Bi b n kmZriyap hbmsWv s]mXpsh ]dbpXv i cnbmhpIbn. adn v hniZoIcWw BhiyamIpp. c-v: Bb n ]dbsnp FXv, ]Zs AXns _mlym- n \npw AXns _mlym n\v hncp ambXnte v Xncn- -phnSemIppsh Ahcp sS hmZw icn-b. ImcWw Bb n ]dbs F Xn\v \_n()bpsS A\pNcm pw Ad_nI pw h A cpsS `mjbnemWtm hnip JpB AhXcnn s Xv] cnNbanm ]pXnb {]tbmKamWnhnsS Dtin s SpXv. XAvhoen\p c-Yw am{Xta Ah v ]cnNbap q. 1 HpIn AXns Aw X^vko (hymJym\w) Fmbncn pw Cu ASn m\ n Adnhp h v CX dnbmhpXpambncn pw. Adnhn ASnbpdn h ta ]d kqd p BepCwdm\nse: 7 mw hN\ ns\ hniZoIcn p sIm-v C_v\p A mkv() ]d Xp t]mse (Rm AhbpsS hymJym\adnbp Adnhn ASnbpd hcn s]h\mWv) FXns ASn m\ n ]qhnIcn ]ecpw Cu hni-Zo-I-cWw \evIpp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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2 Hcp hkvXp-hns bmYmyw F m-bn-cn pw Cu bSn m\ n Amlp Xs pdn pw ]ctemIs p dn pw Adnbn p XXns "XAvho ' \ap v AdnbpX . ImcWw AXv AXns bYm nepw cq] nepambn cn pw. AXmIs \ap v AdnbpIbn Xm\pw. Camw amen Iv()bpw a pw Amlphns knwlmk\mtcmlWs pdn v ]d Xpt]mse AXns bYmhpw cq]hpw \ ap dnbpIbn. "" AXns km m hym Jym\w Amlphn\v am{Xta AdnbpIbp q'' (Bep Cw dm :7) F ta ]d Amlphns hN\ ns ASn m\ n ap KmanIfn A[nIt]cpw Cu coXn-bn-em Wv ]d- Xv. aqv: Amlp JpB AhXcnn p Xnp Xv Nn n p t\m pXn\p th-nbmIpp.AXnse apgph B b pIsfbpw Nn n pt\m m th-n t{]cnn pIbpw sN pp-v. Amlphns hntijWsf {]Xn]mZn p hN\sf am{Xw AXn \nv Hgnhm nbnn. Chn sS Nn n m t{]cnn pp FXpXs AhbpsS A w a\ nem m Ignbpw FXn\memWv. AXn\p km [yambncppshn Nn n m t{]cnn pXn\v A an.ImcWw F nt cm Ignbm HcpImcys t{] cnn pXv Hcp \ncIamb kwkmcamIpp. C cw \ncI kwkmc n \npw Amlphpw Ahs {] hmNI\pw ]cnip cmIpp. Cs\ JpB\nse Hmtcm Imcy nepw Nn n phm t{]cnn pXn \npw A mlphns hntijWsf pdn p hN\fpw Nn n XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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v a\ nem m Ignbpsav hy -am-Ip-p. Cu Aw a\ nem m G hpw A\ptbmPyambh \_n()bpw AhnSps A\pNcmcpamWv.F psIms-m Ahcp sS `mjbnemWv hnip JpB AhXcnn snp Xv. am{Xhpa, JpB\ns\ pdn v Nn n pXn\pw Zo\n s ASn m\mib a\ nem pXn\pw [rXnbn aptmp hXpw AhcmWtm. A_qA_vZpdlvam\p ean() ]dbpp: R v JpB ]Tnn p Xncphcmb Dkvam\p_v\pA^v^m \pw() A_vZnmln_v\p akvDuZpw() RtfmSv ]dbp Ibp-mbn: "Ah \_n()bn \nv ] v Bb pI ]Tn pIgn m Ah icn pw, ]Tn pIbpw Ahbnep Adnhp t\SpIbpw AX\pkcn v {]h n pIbpw sN p Xp hsc ASp hN\fnte v IS pIbn.' At lw ]d p: As\ R JpB ]Tn p Adnhp t\ SpIbpw IqsS AX\pkcn v {]h n pIbpw sNbvXp.A h JpB ]Tn Xv C{]Imcambncns Zo\n {][m\ s Amlphns hntijWsf pdn p Bb pI fpsS Aw Ch v AdnbmsX t]mIpXv Fs\bm Wv? \mev: AhcpsS B hmZ n \npw Amlp Ah s hy amb {K n Aw hy am shdpw s]m bmb Nne ]Z Cd nbncn ppshpw Ah Ad_n `mjbnse tIhew A camebpsS m\ v am {XamsWpw hnizkn \n_ ambn ocpp.Cu hn izmkw Amlp Ahs {K s bpw {]hmNIs\bpw G XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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sXmcp Imcy n\mtWm Ab ncn pXv AXns bp n sb \ntj[n pXmWv. {i n pI: ta ]d hbn \npw "XAvhoen'\v aqv A aps-v \mw a\ nem pIbp-mbn: Hv: X^vko AYhm Ahpw hnhcWhpw hy am pI FXmIpp. `qcn] w hymJymXm fpw Cu B ibamWv "XAv-ho ' F ]Z n\v kzoIcn Xv. CXp X sbmWv C_v\pA mkv()\pth-n \_n(): Amlp th,Ctl n\v \o aX n hn m\w \evIpIbpw, hym Jym\w (XAvho )]Tnn pIbpw sNt Wta(43) F {]m Y\ sIm-v Dtin pXpw.C mcyw Amlphns kzn ^ pIsf pdn p Bb pIfnepw a pw _m[IamIp p. c-v: Hcp kwK-Xn-bpsS ]cy-h-km-\-s -Ip-dn- p A Xns bmYmyw. "XAv-ho ' F-Xn\v Cu AYamWv JpB\nepw kp nepw kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bXv. Amlp ]d bpp: AXns bmYmyw (]pepImWm\ msX) a p hXpamtWm Ah t\m ns m-ncn pXv? (A A Avdm^v: 53) AXmWv D ahpw A yê n G hpw \ ] cyhkm\hpw (A CkvdmAv:35) hntijW {]Xn]mZn p hN\sf AXns
(43)
kzlolp _pJmcn (140) kn kne p lol: 2589
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bmYmyw F Cu AYw sIm-v hymJym\n pI F Xv. Amlphn\msX AdnbpIbpw C. aqv: ]Z ns _mlym n \npw AXn\v hn cp ambXnte v sX n emIpp. CXv ]n me mcmb hN\imkv{X cpsSbpw a pw kmtXnI {]tbmKamIp p. Ch \Xv, No Xv Fns\ c-v hn`mKamWv. \Xv: sXfnhpIfpsS ASn m\ nep XmWv. DZm lW n\v:\o JpB ]mcmbWw sN pIbmsWn i ]n s ]nimNn \nv Amlphnt\mSv icWw tXSn s m pI.(Alv :98) F Amlphns hN\ n\v \o ]mcmbWw sN m Dtin pIbmsWn Fv hym Jym\n pXp t]mse. No : {]amW ns ]n _eanm Xv Amlp A hs knwlmk\ n BtcmlnX\mIpXns\ A[nImc ta emsWpw, Amlphns I ns\ Ahs i n bpw A\p{Klhpw BsWXpw t]msebp hymJym\ CXn\v DZmlcWfmWv. hnip JpB hymJym\nt -p coXn C_v\pA mkv() ]d Xmbn D cn sSpp: hn ip JpB\n\v \mev coXnbnep hymJym\ap-v.(44) 1. Ad_nI AhcpsS `mj-bn \ndnbp hymJym\w. 2. XfpsS A Xaqew Hcmfpw Ip n \nv Hgnhm Im Xmb hymJym\w. 3. ] nXm dnbmhp hymJym\w
(44)
Camw C_v\p Pcodp _vco()bpsS X^vkodp _vcn 1/75 t\m pI
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4. Amlphn\v am{Xw Adnbmhp hymJym\w. CXv Bscnepw Adnbpsav hmZn pIbmsWn Ah I hmZnbmIpp. Hv: Ad_nI AhcpsS kwkmc n \ndnbp hymJym\w: `mjbnse ]ZmhenIfpsS hnhcWfmWv (amkapd), ( XebnWI ), ( Kpl) XpSnb ]Z fpsS hnhcWw. c-v: XfpsS A Xaqew Hcmfpw Ip n \n v HgnhmIm Xmb hymJym\w:Amlphns\ Ahs \m a hntijW aptJ\ AdnbpI, A yZn\s pdn v AdnbpI, ip n, \akvImcw, kIm v, XpSn hnizmk]c ambpw Ia]cambpw Adnb A\n-hm-cy-ambhbpsS hnh cW . aqv: ] nXm v Adnbmhp hymJym\w: AY hm hnip JpB hymJym\n pt m a\ ncpt ( Bb pIfpsS AhXcWtlXp) ( Zp _esSp pXpw Zp_esXpw)
( s]mXphm
bXpw {]tXyIambXpw) \( nba _eap Xpw, ]ckv]c kmZriyap Xpw) XpSnbh AdnbpXp aptJ \ ] nXm m h pw a\ nem m km[yamIp XmWv. \mev: Amlphnv am{Xw Adnbmhp hymJym\w:C Xv Amlp Xs pdn pw, ]ctemIs pdn pw ]d XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Xns bmYmyfmWv. ChbpsS Aw \ap v Adn bmsanepw AXns bYmsa msWv AdnbpIbn. DZmlcWw: Amlp knwlmk\mtcm-ln-X\mbn F Xns Aw \ap dnbmw. Fm AXns bYm cq]tam,`mhtam \ap dnbpIbn. A{]Imcw Amlp kz K neps-v \ap v Adnbn pX ]gw, tX , sh w, ]m XpSnbhbpsS Aw \ap v a\ nemIpw.]t AXns bYmYcq]tam at m \ psS Adnhnen. Am lp ]dbpXv t\m q. Fm Ah {]h n ncpXn\p {]Xnêam bns m-v IIpfnn p Fs mw ImcyfmWv A h pth-n clkyam nsh snp sXv Hcm pw AdnbmhpX. (A PZ:17) C_v\p A mkv() ]dbpp: t]cpIsfmgn v kzK nep Xn\v kmZriyap bmsXmpw Xs CltemI nen.(45) CXn \npw hnip JpB\n Amlphns \ma hntijWfpsS bmYmy , A yZn\s pdn v Amlp Adnbn np h XpSn Amlphn\msX a m padnbm hbps-v hy amIpp. Fm Cu ]Z -fneqsS \ap v kp]cnNnXamWv. AXpsIm-mbncn mw Cu ]Zsfs m-v Amlp \s A`nkwt_m[\w sN pXv. Am-sb-n B A`nkw-t_m-[ \ sIm-v bmsXmcp {]tbm-P-\-ap--m-In- .
(45)
kn kne p lol: 2188
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Amlphns hntijWsf {]Xn]mZn p Bb pIfn epw lZokpIfnepw Alvep Jn_ve mcpsS `nnpI Alvep Jn_ve sIm-v Dtin sSpXv Jn_ve bnte v Xncn v \akvIcn phscbmWv. Ckvemante v tN p ]dbphscmw Chcn s]Spp. Ch Bdv hn`mKap-v. c-v hn`mKw: AhbpsS _mly-amb A n kzo Icn Wsa A`n-{]m-b- m. c-v hn`mKw: _mly A n\v FXn-cm-bXv kzoI cn- -W-sa hmZ- m. c-v hn`mKw: au\w Zo n- p-I-bmWv th-Xv F A`n-{]m-b-ap- -h. _mly Aw kzoIcn Wsav ]d h: 1. ( kmZriyhmZnI ): Ch Amlphns \mahntijWsf krjvSnIfptSXn\v kmZriysSp n. ChcpsS amKw ]ng XmIpp. ap KmanI AXns\ FXn np-v. 2. ]( qhnI): Amlphns {]Xm] n \v A\ptbmPyamb \nebn Amlp hy am nbXv {] Imcw hnizkn ph. hnip JpB\pw, Xncpkp pw Adnbn pXpw icnbmb ]mXbpamWv ChcpsS amKw. Cu c-phn`mK npanSbnep hyXymkw. Hma s hn`mKw kmZriysSp pt m c-mas hn`mKw AXns\ FXn pp. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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kmZriysSp ph DZmlcWambn Amlphns Adnhv, Cd , ssI Fnhsb pdn v Chsbmw krjv SnIfptSXv t]msebmsWv am{Xta F\n dnbpIbp q Fv ]dbpIbmsWn AXn\v ]e adp]SnIfpap-v. Hv: krjvSnbpw {kjvSmhpw X n Fm KpWfn epw hyXymkaps-v _p nbpw {]am-Whpw sXfnbn ncn pp.Atm {kjvSmhns hntijW Ah\v tbm Pn p \nebnep XmWv. krjvSnbpsS hntijW Ah v tbmPn p \nebnepap XmWv. krjvSnbpw {k jvSmhpw X n A caps-Xn\v JpB \ Ip sX fnhv Ah\p Xpeyambn bmsXmpan. (Aiv iqdm:11) _p n]camb sXfnhv: Fm \ne pw ]cn]qW\mb {kjvSmhv Ah ]cn]qW\mbncn pI FXv Ahs k m]c-amb A\nhmcyamWv Fs\bmWv B ]cn]q WXbp -h \yq\XIfp krjvSntbmSv kmZr-iy-s-Sp I?! \yq\X FXv Ahs k m]c-amb A\nhmcyhpam Wv Ahs \yq\X \nI ph\nte v Ah Bhiy mc\pamIpp. c-v: krjvSnIfpsS (Zm n) k tbmSv kmZriyan m Hcp k Amlphn\p-mbncn Wsav \o Icp Xpnt? Fv \mw ChtcmSv tNmZn pIbmsWn A tX Fmbncn pw AhcpsS adp]Sn. Fn ]ns krjv SnIfpsS hntijW v kmZriyanm hntijW fpw Ah\ps-v a\ nem WsamWv AhtcmSv ]dtb -Xv. ImcWw kzn^m ns\ (hntijWs ) ]dbpXp XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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t]mse XsbmWv Zm ns\ pdn v ]dbpXpw. Ch nS bn thXncn ph sshcp[yamWv ]dbpXv. aqv: krjvSnIfpsS hntijW \mw I-p hcp p.Ah t]cn tbmPn ppshnepw AhbpsS cq] n hyXymkap-v. DZmlcW n\v arKfpsS ssI ns\ tmseb a\pjycpsS ssI. Atm krjvSnIfpsS hn tijW t]cn sFIysSp ptXmsSmw cq] n hyXymksSmsan krjvSnbpsSbpw {kjvSmhns bpw hntijW nSbn F psIm-pw hyXymks SmhpXmWv. am{Xa, ap p ]d Xpt]mse krjvSn pw {kjvSmhn\panSbn A cap-mbncn \n_ amIp p. kzn^m pIfpsS _mly A n\v hn]coXambXv kzoIcn Wsav hmZn p c-v hn`mK m Ch A mlphn\v ( ncXamb) hntijWaps-Xns\ \n tj-[n- p--h-cm-Wv. Asn Ahbn NneXns\ \ntj [n phcmWv. AXpasn hntijWs qSmsX A hbpsS Ah Isf am{Xw ncoIcn phcmWv. DZm lcWw: "Benw' Adnbph\mWv F kzn^ v Am lphns Yp_q nbmb ( ncamb) kzn^ . adn v Hm tcm Imcyw \S p k` n Ah AXv Adnbpp shv am{Xw. Ah Xmsg ]dbphcmWv. 1. lvanbm fnse kzn^m v \ntj[nIfpw Amlp P hns hntijWsf pdn p aqehmIysf Ahcp tin A \ In hymJym\n phcpw. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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DZmlcWw: Amlphns I ns\ Ahs A\p{K lsapw knwlmk\mtcm-lnX\mIpXns\ A[nImcta pshpw hymJym\n . 2 Amlphns hntijWsf pdn p aqehm Iysfs m-p Dtiyw Amlphnt Adnbq. ]t AXpsIm-v Amlphn\nms mcp hntijWs m ]n Dtin pn Fv \ap dnbpw Fv ]d v A X \Sn phcpsS hm v sshcp[ySnbXmWv. \qX-\-hm-Zn-I Alvep- p-- n-s\-Xn-cn Btcm-]n- p ]cnlmk-t-cp-I Hmtcm \_n-am pw hm v, {]h n, IpX-{ - , Ip{]-Nm-c-W- XpSn X-fm km[y-am-Ip--h-sIm-v kXy- n \nv sX n p--Xn-\mbn Ip -hm-fn-I-fn \n p i{Xp- sf \n -bn-- pIsb-Xv Am-lp-hns bp n-bn s]-Xm-Ip-p. AXp-aqew kXyw shfn-hm-Ip--Xn \pw Ak-Xys AXn-P-bn- p--Xn-\p-am-Wn-Xv. \_n()bpw kzlm-_n-Ifpw C cw [mcmfw ]oU-\- v hnt[-b-cmbn-p--v. Amlp ]d-bpp: \n v ap v thZw \ I-s--h-cn \npw _lpssZ-hm-cm-[-I-cn \npw \n [mcmfw Ip p-hm- p-I tI t --n- h-cn-Ibpw sN pw. (B-ep-Cw-dm : 186) A{I-an-I-fmb _lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I \_n() pw A\p N-c-m pw Pme-hn-Zy- m-c , {`m , tPym y , I hmZn XpS-nb iIm-chpw ]cn-lm-k-ap s m- p H-\-h [n No -t-cp-Ifpw hnfn- p-I-bp-mbn. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hn-izmkhpw -hn- m-\-hp-ap {]hm-N-Is A\- -cm hImin-I-fmb ] n-X-m pw {]hm-N-I-m-sc-tmse _ lp-ssZ-hm-cm-[-I-cn \npw ]cn-lm-k-t]-cp-Ifpw aZ-\- fp-ta t --n- h-p. hkvXp-\njvS-ambn Adn-hn- m Fm I n-Ifpw Alvep- p-- n-s-Xn-sc Bt -]-fpw iIm c- hjhpw sNmcn- p. Hp-In X kXy- nepw a p- h Ak-Xy- n-ep-am-sW sX n- m-c-W. As-n X-fpsS I n-tbm-Sp AXn-cp-I-S ]- -]m-Xn-Xzw-. CXm Wv Alvep- p-- ns\Xnsc hmtfm-m A-hsc t{]cn- n -Xv. P-lvan-bm- fpw Ahsc ]n p-S kzn^m p \ntj[n-Ifpw Alvep- p-- ns\ " kn^- p-Isf kmZr-iys-Sp- p--h-scv' Btcm-]n- p-p. Am-lp-hns hnti j-W-sf nco-I-cn- p-Xv krjvSn-I-tfmSv Ahs\ km Zr-iy-s-Sp- A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-h-cp-p-sh Ah-cpsS s]m bmb hmZ-a-\p-k-cn- mWv. inbm- -fnse Xo{h-hm-Zn-I-fmb dm-^n-fn-I Alvep- p- ns\ ( i-{XpX ]pe p--h-sc-v) Btcm]n- p p. ImcWw Alvep- p-- p-Im \_n()bpsS IpSpw-_ s D an-{X--fm- n-b-Xp-t]mse A_q-_- ()s\bpw Da()s\bpw D -an-{X--fm- p--h-cm-Wv. Fm A_q_- ()hn-s\bpw Da()s\bpw D -an-{X--fm- ph \_n()bpsS IpSpw-_- n-t\mSv i{Xp-X ]p-e p-h-cmsWmWv dm^nfn-bm- -fpsS hmZw. AXn--cp-hn ] ]m-Xn w aqew kzlm-_n-I-fn {]ap-J-cmb "A_q-_- ()-hn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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t\mSpw Da()t\mSpw i{XpX sh - msX Alvep ss_ n-t\mSv kvt\l-ap--m-Ip--X- '' Fm-W-h-cpsS Nn mKXn. kzn^m p \ntj-[n-I-fmb JZvcn-bm- Alvep- p- ns\ \" n_- -am- p--h' Fv Btcm-]n- p-p.Im cWw Am-lp-hns JZvdn hniz-kn- AYhm a\p-jycpsS {]h- \- Amlp t\cs IW- m p-p-v F hn[n-bn-ep hn-izm-kw, krjvSn-Isf sX n\v \n_ n- -em-sW-mWv Ch-cpsS hnizm-kw. hn-izm-k- n CkvXn-Yv\mAv (Hgn-hm- n-]-d-b ) ]mSn Fv ]d-bp apPn-B- (47) Alvep- p-- ns\ ( ")kwi-b-ap--m- p--h' Fv Btcm-]n- p-p. F p -sIm-s--m Ch-cp-sS-b-Sp- hnizmkw tIhew lrZ bw- sIm--p AwKo-Imcw am{X-am-Wv. CXn Amlp D t-in- m Fv ]d-bp-Xv kwi-b-ap--m- p--XmWv!! hN\ imkv{X- cpw X imkv{X-Im-c-mcpw (
) Alvep- p-- ns\ ( "" ) li-hn- ,
\hm-_n-Xv, KpYmAv'' Fn s\ Btcm-]n- p-p. l i-hn FXv \nd- m\p-]-tbm-Kn- p km[\w FYw hcp F-Xn \n-p- -Xm-Wv. AXp-sIm--n-hnsS C h Dt-in- -s-SpXv bmsXmcp D]-Im-c-hp-an- m kw
(47)
a\pjycpsS {]h \sf hnizmkfn \npw thsSp n Ahsb ]c temIt v ]n n phcmWv Ch.
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kmcw Fm-Wv. \ hm-_nXv Fm Irjn-bp-sS- IqsS apf- p-s]m- p bmsXmcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-an- m ]mgvsN-SnI-fm-Wv. KpYmAv Fm ae-sh- n Hen- p-t]m-Ip Np-N-h-dp-I . Ch Alvep- p- ns\ p-dn v C s\ Btcm-]n- m-\p ImcWw Ch-cpsS hmZ-{]-Imcw X -im-kv{X-a-dn-bm- -h ZrV-Nn- -X-bn- m- -hcpw {]tbm-P\-an- m B Iq--hpamIp-p. bYm-- n Ch Al--cn- p Cu \ymb-imkv {Xw kXy- n\v bmsXmcp {]tbm-P-\hpw sN m- -Xm-Ipp. ssiJp Ckvemw() At-l- ns (\"" ) ymbim-kv{X- p J \w'' F {K n ]dbpp: ""_p n-bp Hcm pw {Ko p-Im-cpsS \ymb imkv{X- ns Bh-iy-an-s-pw, _p n-am-y-ap h v AXp-sIm-v Hcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-an-spw F\n v F pw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p.'' Ckvemapw Cuam\pw Ckvem-sa-m `mj-bn : C Jn-bmZv (Iosgm-Xp- ) Fm-Ww. aX-]-c-ambn: {]Xy- -ambpw ]tcm- -ambpw ASna A m-lp-hns B -I A\p-jvTn- p-sIm-pw hne pIsf shSn- p- sIm-pw Ahv Iogvs-SpI Fm-Wp-t-iyw.A s\ AXv Fm Iogvh-W- -fpw AS-n-b-Xmbn ocp p. Amlp ]d-bpp: aX-ambn Ckvem-ans\ (ssZ-h- n-\p B m- WXuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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s ) Rm \n v Xr]vXn-sp Xn-cn- p-p. (A am-CZ: 3) Xo- bmbpw Am-lp-hn- aXw Fm Ckvem-amIp-p. (ssZ-h- n-\p B m- W-am-Ip-p) (BepCwdm :19) Ckvemw (ssZ-h- n\p B m- Ww) Am Xn s\ Bsc-nepw aX-ambn B{K-ln- p--] w AXv Ah-\n \nv Hcn- epw kzoI-cn- -s-Sp--X- .(B-ep- Cw-dm :85) Cuam Fm `mjm-]-c-ambn XkzvZoJv (k-Xy-s-Sp pI) Fm-Ww. Amlp ]d-bpp: Xm Rsf kXy-s-Sp- p-I-bn- -tm.(bq-kp^v:17) aX-]-c-ambn: hm pw {]hr- nbpw A\p-t]- -Wo-b-am b \ne-bn lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im-c-am-Ip-p. Atm A Xv hnizm-kw, hm v, {]h- n Fn-h-bm-Ip-p.AYhm lr Zb n-ep hnizm-k-hpw, \mhp-sIm-v ]d-b-epw, lrZ-b n-t bpw Ah-b-h--fp-sS-bpw {]h \-hp-am-Wv. Ch-sbmw hnizm-k- n s]-Sp-sa--Xns sXfnhv \ _n()bpsS hm m-Ip-p. Cuam-s\-m Amlphn-epw, Ahs ae- p-I-fnepw, {K --fn-epw, ZqX-m-cn-epw, A y-Zn-\- n-epw, \bpw Xn -bp-am-Ip hn[n-bnepw \o hniz-kn- pI F-Xm-Wv.(_p-Jmcn, apkvenw) hnizmkw (Cuam ) Fgp-]-Xn ]cw imJ-I-fp- XmWv. AXn G hpw D-X-am-bXv emC-eml Cmlp F h N\hpw G hpw Xmgv ]Sn-bn-ep- Xv hgn-bn-ep D]-{Z XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hw \o w sN -ep-am-Ip-p. e `mK-am-Ip-p. (apkvenw:51)
hnizm-k- n \nsmcp
Atm Am-lp-hnepw Ahs ae- p-I-fnepw Fv XpS-n-bp hnizmkw lrZ-b- n Dd- n- -em-Ip-p. em-C-eml Cmlp F hm v \mhp-sIm-v ]d-b em-Ipp. hgn-bnse D]-{Zhw \o w sN Ah-b-h- sIm -p Ia-am-Wv. e lrZ-b- ns Ia-am-Wv. ta ]d Cu DZm-l-cW--fn \npw hnizm-ksa-Xv Fm-hn[ Iogvh-W- -fpw AS-n-b-Xm-sWv a\ n-em- m km[n- p-p. Cu A- n Cuam\pw Ckvemapw X n th]ncn-bp-n- . Ch c-pw Hv as m-n \nv th]n-cn-bp-t m-gmWv CXv. Fm Ah-bn-semv as m-n-t\mSv tNp h m Ckvem-ans\ {]Xy- - n Iogvs-Sp-sXv hni-ZoI-cWw \ Ipw. AXv \mhp-sIm-p hm pw, Ah-b-hw sIm-p Ia-hp-am-Wv. hnizm-kn-bn \nv ]cn-]qW-am b Cuam\pw Zp_-e-amb Cuam\pw D-m-Im-hp--Xm-Wv. A mlp ]d-bpp: {KmaoW Ad-_n-I ]d-bpp: R hniz-kn- n-cn pp Fv \o ]d-bp-I: \n hniz-kn- n-n- . adn v "R Iogvs-n-cn- pp' Fv \n ]d- p-sIm- p-I.hn izmkw \n-fpsS lrZ-b--fn {]th-in- p-I-gn- n-n- .(lp-Ppdm v: 14) XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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CXv I]-S-hn-izm-kn-bn \npw D-m-Im-hp--Xm-Wv. ] t Ch {]Xy- - n apkvenw Fv ]d-b-s-Sp-sa-n epw ]tcm- - n Ahn-izm-kn-bm-Ip-p. lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im-chpw {]h n-bp-amb Cuam \ns\ A{]-Xy- -ambn Iogvs-SpI Fpw hymJym-\n- m-dp-v. AXv bYm hnizm-kn-bn \n- msX D-m-hp-I-bn . Amlp ]d p: Am-lp-hn-s\- n ]d-b-s-m lrZ-b- t]Sn v \Spp-Ibpw Ahs ZrjvSm- - hmbn p tI n- sm hnizmkw h[n- p-Ibpw, X-fpsS c n-Xm-hns ta `c-ta-ev]n- p-Ibpw sN p--ham-{X-amWv kXy-hn-izm-knI . \a-kvImcw apd-t]mse \nh-ln- p-Ibpw \mw \ In bn-p -Xn \nv sNe-h-gn- p-Ibpw sN p--h Ah Xs-bmWv bYm hnizm-kn-I . (A A ^m : 2--4) Cu A- n Cuam G hpw Db-Xm-bn-cn pw. Atm Fm apAvan\pw apkven-am-Ip-p. Fm Fm apkvenapw apAvan\- . Cuam IqSp-Ibpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN pw.Alvep- p- n h P-am-A- ns ASn- m\ hnizmk-Sn- m-\- n s]--XmWv Cuam (hn-izm-kw) IqSp-I bpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN p-sa--Xv. CXv hnip Jp-B-\nepw Xn cp- kp-- nepw nc-s--Xm-Ip-p. Amlp ]d-bpp: AhcpsS hnizm-k-t msSmw IqSp-X hnizmkw D -mbn-cn-t ---Xn-\p- th--n. (A ^Xvlv:4) \_n() kv{XoI-sf- p-dn v ]d-bp-I-bp--mbn: XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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kv{Xo kaq-l-ta, \n-tf- m _p nbpw aXhpw Ipd _p n-Iqa-X-bp Hcm-fpsS _p nsbtmepw C- m-Xm p--h-sc Rm I-n-n- . (_p-Jmcn:293) ta -]-d Bb- n \npw Cuam IqSp-sapw, lZo-kn \npw AXv Ipd-bp-sapw Adn-bm Ign-bp-p. hnizmkw IqSp-sav Adn-bn- p--Xmb Fm tcJ-I fpw, AXp-Ip-d-bp-sa-p-IqSn Adn-bn- p-p. A{]-Imcw hnizm kw Ipd-bp-sav Adn-bn- p--Xmb Fm tcJ-Ifpw AXpIq-Sp-sa-p-IqSn Adn-bn- p-XmWv. ImcWw IqSpI FXpw, Ipd-bpI FXpw tNp-h-cp--Xm-Wv.Ah-bn-sem-n- msX at Xv D-m-IpI FXv ANn- y-am-Wv. hnizmkw IqSp-Ibpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN p-sa-Xv kz lm_n-I-fn \nv nc-s--Xm-Ip-p. Fm Ah-cn Bcpw Xs AXns\ FXn p--Xmbn ImWp-I-bn. am{X hp-a ]qhn-I-cn A[n-I-t]cpw Cu A`n-{]m-b- m-cm-Ipp. C_v\p-A-_vZn _dv() ]d-bpp:\K-c--fnse lZokv dn tm-amcpw, aX-hn[n \evIp ] n-X-cp-samw hnizmkw IqSp-Ibpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN p-sa A`n-{]m-b- m-cm-Ip-p. Cuam Ipd-bp-sa--Xn Camw amenIv()hnv c--`n{]m-b--fp-s-v ]d-b-s-Sp-p. Hv: au\-a-h-ew-_n- p-I, c-v: kzlm-_n-I-tfmSv tbmPn- p--Xv. Cu hnj-b- n c-p-hn-`mKw `nn- n-p--v. Hv: hnizmkw tIhew lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im-cam sWv ]d-bp Id-I-f apPn-B- . lrZ-b- ns Aw Ko-Im-c- n G - p-d-hp-I-fp--m-hp-I-bn Fm-Wn-h-cpsS XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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P ]-\w.Ch-cpsS hnizm-k-{]-Imcw ZpjvIanbpw k Ian bpw Cuam-\ns Imcy- n ka-m-cm-Ipp. c-v: h ]m]w sN p--hsc hnizm-k- n \npw ]pd- - p--h-cmb Jhm-cn-Pp-I-fnepw apAvXkn-enI-fnepw s] hCu-Zn- m- - .(48) Ch ]d-bp-Xv: hnizmkw Hp-In ]cn-]qW-am-bn-cn- pw. As-n AXv Xosc D-m-Ip-I- Xs-bn- . bYm- n hnizm-k- ns G - p-d- n-ep-I sf \ntj-[n- p-I-bm-Wn-h sN p--Xv. Cu c-p hn`m-K- n\pw {]am-Whpw _p nbpw FXncm-Wv. Cuam IqSp-I-bpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN p-sav hnh-cn e v {]mam-WnI sXfn-hp-I \mw hnh-cn- n-p--v. C\n _p n-]-c-am-bn-m-sW-n apPn-B- -tfmSv ]d-bm\p- Xv \n ]d- -hn-izmkw tIhew lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im-c-am-Wv, lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im-c- n G - p-d hp-I-fp--m-hp-I-bn- F c-p Bap-J-fpw icn-b- . Hm-a-t Xv: \n ]d hnizmkw tIhew lrZ b- ns AwKo-Im-c-am-sW-Xv Jp-B\pw kp pw ]Tn n- p--Xn\v hncp- -am-Ip-p. ImcWw Jp-B\pw kp pw ]Tn- n- p-Xv Cuam hm v, {]h n Fn-hbpwIqSn D s-Sp-sa-m-Wv.
(48)
\c-I-hm-kn-I Fpw \c-I- n Xs nc-am-bn-cn- pw, Amlp Ip -hm-fn I v s]mdp p sImSp- A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a Ahsc in n- \n_- -am-Wv XpS-nb Hcp-]mSv sX mb hnizm-k- sh p ]pe p--h-cm-Wv. (idlp AJoZ- p hmkn-Xn x 1/248) Xm oXpI -\p-kr-X-ambn am{Xw {]h n- p--Xv sIm--mWv Cu t]cn-ednbs-Sm-\p Imc-Ww.
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c-m-a-t Xv: \n ]d lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Im c- n G - p-d- n-ep--m-hp-I-bn FXv A\p-`-h- n-s\Xn-cm-Ip-p. ImcWw lrZ-b- ns AwKo-Imcw X-fpsS A dn-hns\ ]cn-K-Wn- m-sWv ]cs Adn-b-s--Im-cy-am-Wv.A dnhv t\Sp--Xn-ep G - p-d-hp-If-\p-k-cn v e`n- p A dn-hnepw G p-d-hp-I-fp--m-Ip-sa--Xn kt-l-an- . Imc Ww Hcp hnj-b- n c-m-fp-I-fn \nv e`n- p êw Hcmfn \nv e`n- p-I-bn- . A{]-Imcw Hcm-fpsS I--dnhpw, tI-dnhpw ka-am-Ip-I-bn- . hnizm-k- n P\-- v G p-d- n-ep-I-fp--m-Ip-sa-Xv kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Imcy-am-Wv. F nt\sd Hcp hy n p Xs Nne {]tXyI k--fn a p Nne k--tf- m hnizmkw h n- m-dp--v. c-m-fp-I-sf- p-dn v hnizm-k- n Xpey-cm-sWv _p n-bp Hcm v Fs\ hn[n-]-d-bm Ignbpw? Hcm \n_- -Im-cy--fnepw sFlnI Imcy--fnepw Am-lp-hn s\ A\p-k-cn- p--Xn ncm- zm\w sN p-I-bpw, Am lphns hne- p-I-fn \nv hnv \n p-Ibpw h ]m] hpw Ah-\n kw`-hn- p-sh-n AXv ]ngp-sX-dn-bp-Xn Xnc p- Iq-p-Ibpw ] m-X-]n p aS-p-Ibpw sN p-p.c-mas hy n-bm-I-s,\n_ Imcy-sf Ah-K-Wn- p h\pw, \njn- -amb Imcy--fn apgp-Ip--h\pam-Wv. ]t Ahn-izm-kn-bm-bn-tm-Ip bmsXmpw Ah sNbvXn-n Fp- am-{Xw. Ch c-p-t]cpw F-s\-bmWv Xpy-cm-sW v ]d-bpI? c-m-as hn`m-K-amb hCu-Zn- m- -tfmSv \ap v ]dbm-\p- Xv.h ]m]w sN p--h hnizm-k- n \npw ]p d- p- t]m-Ip-sa \n-fpsS hmZw hnip- -Jp-B-\n-s XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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bpw Xncp-kp-- n-s bpw A[ym-]-\- v hncp- -am-Ipp. CXv hy -am-bm ]ns--s\-bmWv c-m-fp-I hnizm-k n Hcp-t]m-se-bm-sWv hn[n-]-d-bm Ignbp-I. Hcm \n_- Im-cy- \nh-ln- p-I-bpw, \njn- -amb Imcy shSn-bp-Ibpw sN p sNm mb amKw kzoI-cn- p -h-\pw, at -bm Amlp \n_- -am- nb Imcy--fn Dt] ImWn- p-Ibpw Amlp \njn- -am- nb Imcy {]h n- p-Ibpw sN p kz -t mSv A\ymbw {]h n- -h-\p-am-Wv. ]t Im^n-dm-bn-tm-Ip sX p-Isfmpw sNbvXn-n-sv am{Xw. Ch-sc--s\-bmWv Hcp-t]m sebm-hpI? c-m-a-Xmbn ]d-bm-\p- Xv. h ]m]w sN p--hsc \mw Cuam-\n \npw ]pd- n Fv k ]n- q. Fn ]ns F-s\-bmWv sNm mb amKw kzoI-cn- p--h \pw Amlp \n_- -am- nb Imcy--fn Dt] ImWn p Amlp \njn- -am- nb Imcy- {]h n- p-I bpw sN p kz -t mSv A\ymbw {]h n- -h-\p-am-b-h n-S-bn Xpy-scv hn[n- pI? Cuam h n- p Imc-W-fn NneXv 1. Am-lp-hns \ma n-ti-j-W-sf Adn-b : Hcp -h ASn-a v CXn-s\- p-dn- p Adnhpw AXns Xm ]-cy- fpw AS-bm-f-fpw h n- p-t mdpw Xs c n-Xm-hn-s\ p -dn- p hnizm-k-hpw, kvt\lhpw, BZchpw h[n- p--XmWv. 2. {]]-- nepw {]am-W--fnepw ImWp Am-lp hns ZrjvSm- --fn-te v t\m p-I.ImcWw Hcp ASn-a C XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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hsb t\m n- m-Wp-Ibpw Ah-bn-e-S-nb Am-lp-hns A]m-c-amb I-n-tmIp Ign-hp-Isf pdn pw ]cn-]q Wamb Adn-hns\ p-dn pw Nn n- p-t m-sgmw Hcn- epw kwi-b-an- m coXn-bn-ep Dd- mb hnizmkw h[n- p -Xm-Wv. 3. Am-lp-hn-n-jvS-s-Sp k Ia- A[n-I-cnn- p-I, ImcWw k Ia- A[n-I-cn- n- p--Xp-aqew Cuam h[n- p--Xm-Wv. Atm Iaw F{X-I--v \m Ip-pthm A{X-I-v hnizmkhpw (Cuam ) al- -c-am-bn o-cp-p. Ia- \m-Ip--Xm-Is {]hm-N-Is\ A\pK-an- p--Xpw B m-Xbpw ]cn-K-Wn- m-Ip-p. C\n Ia-fpsS C\- n-em-sW-n kp- mb I a--tf- m t{ijvT-amb Ia- . Nne Bcm-[-\-I a p Nne-Xn-t\- m al- -chpw t{ijvThpw {]_-e-hp-am-Ip p. sN pIa- F{X-am{Xw al- -chpw t{ijvThpw {]--_-e-hp-am-Ip-pthm A{X-am{Xw Cuam\pw h n- p-p. Ia- h[n- n- p--Xp-sIm-v Cuam\pw h[n- p-p -v. ImcWw Ia- Cuam-\n s]--Xm-Ip-p. Ia- h[n- n- p--Xp-sIm-v hnizmkw h n- p-sa--Xn kw i-b-ta-bn- . 4. Am-lp-hns\ `b-p-sIm-v ]m]- shSn-bp-I. ]m]w sN p-hm t{]cn- n- p-Xv i n-s-Sp-n-S-t mfw AXp-t]- n- p--Xp-sIm--v Cuam-\ns h[-\hpw A[n-Icn- p-p--Xm-Ip-p. ImcWw ASna B Xn sN m-\p t{]cW i -am-bnpw AXp-t]- n psIm-v Xs CO-tb m Am-lp-hn-s bpw dkq-en-s bpw B -I v ap XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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K-W\ \evIp-p-sh-Xv Abm-fpsS hnizm-k- ns i n-bm-W-dn-bn- p-Xv. Cuam Ipd-bp Imcy--fn NneXv 1. Am-lp-hns \ma-hn-ti-j-W--sf- p-dn- p A -X. 2. {]]-- nepw {]am-W--fnepw ImWp Am-lp hns ZrjvSm- -sf Ah-K-Wn- p-Ibpw A{i- -\m-hp-I bpw sN , AXv taml--fpsS B[nIyw aptJ\ a\- p-Ifn tcmK-ap--m- p-I-tbm, \in- n- p-Itbm sN pw. 3. ]m]w sN : sN p ]m]- ns Xc-hpw-tXmXpw DZm-ko-\-Xbpw AXv sN m\p t{]c-WbpsS tXmXpw _ e-lo\-Xbpw A\p-k-cn v Cuam Ipd-bp-p. C\n ]m]--fpsS tXmXn-em-sW-n : sNdnb Ip - {]h n- p-Xv aqew hnizmkw Ipd-bp-Xv t]mse-b h ]m-]- sIm-v Ipd-bp--Xv. sIme-sN- m ]mSnm Hcp hy nsb h[n- p-Xv sIm-v Cuam Ipd-bp-Xp- t]mse-b A\ym-b-ambn Hcm-fpsS [\w A]-l-cn- p -Xv. Hcp Ip w sN p-t m Cuam Ipd-bp-Xv t]mseb- , c-p Ip w sN p-t m Cuam Ipd-bp--Xv. C\n sX p-Isf \n m-c-h-XvI-cn- p--Xm-sW-n : lr Z-b- n Am-lp-hns\ al-Xz-s-Sp- p-Ibpw IqSp-X ` b-s-Sp-Ibpw sN p Hcm-fn hp-t]m-Ip sX v Imc Ww Cuam Ipd-bp--Xn-t\- m , lrZ-b- n Am-lp-hn s\ IqSp-X `b-s-SmsX FXncv {]h n- p-sIm-v sN p sX p-Isf \n m-c-h-XvI-cn- p--h-cn \np-mIp Ip v Cuam Ipd-bp-p. XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Fm sX p sN m t{]cW \ Ip i nsb pdn p ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-n sX ns\ t{]cn- n- p- i n IqSp-X-ep Hcp hy n-bn \nv sX p kw`-hn- m Cu am Ipd-bp--Xn-t\- mfpw AXv Zp_-e-amb Hcp hy n-bn \nv sX p kw`-hn- m hnizmkw Ipd-bp-p.AXp-sIm-mWv k --\mb Hcm Alcn p--Xn-t\- m hen b ]m]-ambn Zcn-{Z-\mb Hcm Al--cn- p--Xns\ ImWp Xpw, bphm-hmb Hcm hy`n-N-cn- p--Xn-t\- m hr \mb Hcm hy`n-N-cn- p-Xv henb ]m]-ambn ImWp--Xpsa- mw. \_n(-)bpsS hN\w ChnsS {]tXyIw {it -b-am Ipp: ""aqv hn`mKw Bfp-I ; Dbns -gp-t ns \m fn Amlp Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn- p-I-tbm, Ah-cpsS t\ v (Im-cp-Wy-]qhw) t\m p-Itbm Ah v hnip n \ IpItbm C. Ah v thZ-\-tb-dnb in -bp--m-bn-cn- p-Xp-am-Wv.'' \_n(-) Ah-cn-se-n- -d- -h-cn hr -\mb hy`n-Nm-cnbpw, Zcn-{Z-\mb Al-m-cnbpw, I -hm-Zn-bmb cm Pm-hp-am-Ip-p. ImcWw Ch v B sX p-sN- m-\p t{] cW Xmc-X-tay\ Ipd-hm-b-Xp-sIm--m-Wn-Xv. 4. k Ia- Dt]- n- p-I. CXp-sIm-v Cuam Ipdbp-p. Ia--f-\p-k-cn- mWv ChnsS Ipd-hp-h-cp--Xv. D t]- n- -s Iaw F{X-am{Xw al- -c-am-Ip-pthm AX\p-k-cn v Cuam\pw Ipd- p-h-cp-p. Nne-tm \a-kvIm-cwt]m-se-bp Ia- Dt]- n- p--Xp-sIm-v Cuam ]qW-ambpw \-jvS-s-t- mw. k Ia- Dt]- n- pI aqew Cuam Ipd-bp- XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Xv c-p Xcam-Wv. Hv: Dt]- n- p--Xp-sIm--v in n- -s-Sp--Xv. \n _- -amb Hcp Iaw ImcWw IqSmsX Dt]- n- p--Xpt]m-se. c-m-a-t Xv in n- -s-Sm- -XmWv. aX-]-c-amb ImcWw- sIm-v as mcp \n_- s Dt]- n- p--Xp-t]m se, DZm-l-c-W- n\v B h Ime--fn kv{XoI \akvImcw Hgn-hm- p--Xp-t]m-se, As-n Hcp sFOnI I as Dt]- n- p--Xp-t]mse DZm-l-c-W- n\v Zplm \akvIm-cw. hnizm-k-Im-cy--fnse "CkvXn-Yv\m-Av' AYhm "C im Amlv' ]db . (A\ apAvan\p C im-A- m) ""Amlp Dt-in m Rm hnizm-kn-bm-Ip-p''. Fv ]d-bp--Xn-s\- p-dn v aqv A`n-{]m-b--fm-Wp- -Xv. Hv: Cs\ ]d-b \njn- -am-Ip-p-sh--Xm-Wv. ap Pn-B- Plvan-bm- t]mse-bp- h-cpsS hmZ-am-Wn-Xv. hnizm-k-sa-Xv tIhew lrZ-bw-sIm--p AwKo-Imcw am {X-am-sW--Xn \nv DS-se-Sp- -Xm-Wn-Xv. AXn "Am lp Dt-in- m Fv' ]d-bp-Xv kwi-b-ap--v F-Xn-\p sXfn-hm-Ip-p. AXp-sIm--n-h hnizm-k- n "CkvXn^v\mAv' A\p-h-Zn- p--hsc kwi-b-ap--m- p--h Fv Btcm-]n- p-p. c-v: \n_- -am-Ip-p-sh--Xm-Wv. CXn\v c-p ImcW-am-Wv ]d-b-s-Sp--Xv. 1 Cu-am-s\-Xv a\p-jy-cpsS ac-W-k-a-bs Ah- b-\p-k-cn- mWv Xocp-am-\n- -s-Sp--Xv. ImcWw a\p-jy hn XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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izm-kn-bm-tWm, Ahn-izm-kn-bmtWm Fv ]cn-K-Wn- -s-SpXv ac-W-t m-sS-bm-Wv. CXv `mhn-Im-e v \S- m-\n-cn- p-Xn-\m \ap v A m-X-am-Ip-p. Fn-cns \mw ap Avan\m-sWv J n-X-ambn ]d-b A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a- . ]n m-e- p-h Ipm-_n-bm- fpw(50) a pw kzoI-cn- -XmWo amKw. ]t ap Km-an-I-fn-emcpw Cu amKw kzoI-cn- Xmbn Adn-hn- . Ah kzoI-cn- Xv C\n ]d-bp c-m-a s amK-am-bn-cpp. 2 Amlp I ]n apgp-h I ]-\-Ifpw {]h n epw, hne- p-I Dt]- n- -ep-ap s m- p--XmWv s]mXpsh hnizm-kw. CXv a\p-jy\v kzbw Xocp-am-\n- m km[n- p-I-bn. As\ h-h\pw kzbw Xocp-am-\n- p-psh-n Ah kz s ]cn-ip- -\m- p-Ibpw, Ah kq va-X- ]m-en- p ]pWy-hm-m-cn s]--h-\msWv kz bw km y-s-Sp- p-I-bp-amWv sN p--Xv. CubSn- m-\ n Xs- p-dn v Ah kzKm-h-Im-in-sbv km y s-Sp-t --n-bn-cn- pp. CXv Akw-`-hy-hp-am-Wv. 3 hni-Zo-I-c-Wm-Sn- m-\- n {]Xn-]m-Zn- p-I. Cuam \pt-m Ct Fv kwi-bn- p-sIm--mWv "C im-Am' Fv ]d-bp--sX-n AXv \njn- -am-Ip-p. am{X-a Ip^v dp- Iq-Sn-bm-Ipp. ImcWw Cuam FXv Ddp- -Imcyam Ip-p. AXn kwi-b-ap--m-IpI FXv AXns\ \ntj-[n -em-Wv. Fm B -{]-iw-ktbm hnizmkw sIm-pw {]h n-sIm-pw Cuam nco-I-cn- n-p-s- km ys-Sp- -en-t\tbm `b-s-p-sIm--m-sW-n AXv \n_ am-bn- o-cq-p. Am-lp-hns Dt-iys kvacn- p-XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v
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Xn-epsS A\p-{Klw tXSp--Xnt\m, ImcWw hnh-cn- p--Xn t\m, Xs lrZ-b- nep hnizmkw Am-lp-hns Dtiy-a-\p-k-cn- m-sWtm BsW-n AX-\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. Cu coXn-bn Am-lp-hns Dt-iy-hp-ambn _ sSp- p--Xp-sIm-v Cuam-\ns km[p-Xsb \ntj-[n- p-Ibn- . ImcWw C cw Dd- mb Imcy-sf Am-lp-hns Dt-iy-hp-ambn _ -s-Sp- n-s m-v hnn-p--v. Amlp ]d-bpp: A- mlp Dt-in- p--] w kam-[m-\-Nn- -\pw Xe ap \w sNbvX-hcpw apSn shn-b-hcpw Bbn-s m-v \n Hpw-`-b-s-SmsX ]hn-{X-amb tZhm-e-b- n {]th-in- p-I Xs sN p--Xm-Wv. (A ^Xvlv: 27) ta ]d- -h-bn \npw hnizm-k-Im-cy--fn "CkvXn-Yv\mAv' ]d-bp hnj-b- n s]mXpsh Hcp hn[n ]d-bm km[y-a- . adn v ta ]-d hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-h-iy-am-Wv.
Page 147

Akvamc H KZN M V: Xulozpâ

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Akvamc H KZN M V: Xulozpâ

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XuloZp

ssiJv apl Zp_v\p kzmenlp_v\p DssYao ()

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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lwk Pamen CkvemanIv ssKU kv sk aPvaAv kDuZn Atd_y

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aX n ]n pSc \n_ ambXv

\ntbmKn h\mIpp Ah . _lpssZhmcm[I v (A Xv) A\njvSIcambmepw icn'' (A z^v^v:9) Bb n ]d

Hv: {]hmNI ktiw {]Imihpw kmKhpaSn

c-v: ` W]m\ob acymZI , Ccp w Dd w t]m

aqv: Amlphnepw Ahs \mafnepw KpWfn

\mev: Xs c nXmhns\ pdn v P\fn G hpw

Av: Xobmbpw kzlm_nI C mcy n k

Hv: AbmYmYyamb hm pI hy amb sXfnhn

c-v: hmkvXhhncp amb hm pI ]dbpXv H

Amlphns \ma pW hntijWfn Alvep p K n h PamA ns hnizmkw

F Bb nse ( Amlp) FXn\v DImc n\v

2. ]Zs am ptXmsSm w A n am w h cm h DZmlcWw: kvXpXn khtemI ]cn]meI\mb Am lphnmIpp. (^mXnl:2)

krjvSnsb {kjvSmhnt\mSv kmZriys Sp krjvSmhns\ krjvSntbmSv kmZriys Sp

C lmZv AYhm Ir{Xnaw ImWn

icnbmb amKw ke^pIfptSXv am{Xw

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A{]Imcw Amlp Ahv C Fdnbn hbn C XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

{]Imcw hmbn mhpXmWv.

ap KmanIfpsS amKs pdnv ]n KmanIfn NnecpsS A`n{]mbw

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

kXyhpw AkXyhpw Iqn pg pp

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Ah paosXbp AhcpsS c nXmhns\ Ah ` bsSpp. (Alv :50) ]caImcpWnI (Xzmlm:5) knwlmk\mtcmlnXI\mIpp.

apIfpw GtIm]n ncn pp. AhcpsS hm pI J amb C cw ]cmai sIm-v [\yamWv.

Cu ASn m\ n Amlp BImi nemWv F Xv Xmsg hcp c- n GsXnepsammIpw.

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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]dbpXv B hntijWs ]dbpXp t]msebmWv.

fCu-^p PmanAv: 1182 apkvenw: 263

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

"Fs ssIsIm-v Rm krjvSn p-m nbXns\' F

Be-m-cn-Im kw_- -ambn `mjm ] am- n-bXv Hm p-a-tm.

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XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

idlp AJo-Z- n hmkn-Xzn : 1/216

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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kn kne lol: \ 87, kzlolp C_v\pamP: 4049

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

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XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v

XuloZp AkvamC h kzn^m v