STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Client: Job Name/Station: GeoData Survey Company Culvert Structural Design Designed By: Verified By: Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh Date: Revision:
Version 1.0

1-Jul-12

INPUT DATA CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, f'c REBAR YIELD STRENGTH, fy CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT, gc SATURATED SOIL UNIT WEIGHT, gs HEIGHT OFCULVERT, H WIDTH OF CULVERT, B THICKNESS OF SIDE WALLS, tw THICKNESS OF TOP SLAB, tts THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SLAB, tbs DEPTH OF FILL, hf IMPOSED SERVICE DEAD LOADS, wd ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE, Qa SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION, f PREFERRED REBAR SIZE CONCRETE COVER TO REBAR CENTER NO. OF REINFORCEMENT LAYERS MAIN REINFORCEMENT SPACING TEMPERATURE REINFOR. SPACING

28 420 24 18 1500 2000 350 350 350 2000 0 144 30 12 75 2 200 200

MPA MPA kN/cum kN/cum mm mm mm mm mm mm KPa KPa Deg. mm mm

Design Summary Shear Status O.K. O.K. O.K.

mm mm

Flexure Status Soil Pressure Status

LOADS ON THE CULVERT For the design purposes a one-meter length of the culvert is considered. Top Slab Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck) Include live loads if hf < 2400mm hf = Multiple presence factor Width of distributed load (parallel to span) Length of distributed load (perpend. to span) Pressure intensity at the specified depth of fill Linear load on the top slab Dynamic Load Allowance (Impact Factor) IM = 33(1 - 0.00041 hf) > 0% Increased linear live load Weight of earth fill Linear weight of fill on the slab Imposed dead loads Linear imposed dead loads on the slab Selfweight Linear selft weight of the slab Side Walls Soil pressure kah = (1 - sinf ) / (1 + sinf ) Surcharge on side walls due to top soil 0.333 36.0
KPa

2000 1.20 2250 4510 7.14 7.14

mm

LL considered. Design Based on Traffic travelling parallel to span Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap. Wheel Load = 72.5 KN

(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6) (AASHTO 3.6.1.1.2) (AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6) (AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)

mm mm KPa KN/m

(AASHTO 3.6.2.2)

5.94 9.08

% KN/m

Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects Impact and multiple presence factor included.

36.00

KN/m

KN/m

8.4

KN/m

(cont'd)

Height of surcharge (h' = s / gs ) Linear pressure at the bottom of the side wall Selfweight Two side walls = tw (H - tbs - tts) gc Bottom Slab Self weight of the whole structure Linear soil pressure due to stru. selfweight Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck) Linear soil pressure due to live loads FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS Load factor for dead load Load factor for horizontal earth pressure Load factor for live load
55.50 18.00

2.0 21.0

m kN/m

13.4

KN

59.52

kN/m

See note 1

9.08

KN/m

See note 1

1.25 1.50 1.75

18.00

(AASHTO 3.4.1) (AASHTO 3.4.1) (AASHTO 3.4.1)

15.89

31.5 74.4

31.5 15.89

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE The structure is analyzed using the moment distribution method. The fixed-end moment at each joint is the superposition of the fixed-end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure loads. Joint Member Length Moment of Inertia Distrib. Factor FEM Distribution Carry Over Distribution Carry Over Distribution Carry Over Distribution Carry Over Distribution Carry Over Distribution Carry Over Distribution Moment Sum A AC AB 0.80 2.00 0.0292 0.0292 0.71 0.29 1.25 -23.80 16.11 6.44 -10.25 -3.22 9.62 3.85 -4.34 -1.92 4.48 1.79 -2.34 -0.90 2.31 0.92 -1.13 -0.46 1.14 0.46 -0.57 -0.23 0.57 0.23 -0.29 -0.11 0.29 0.11 16.84 -16.84 B BA 2.00 0.0292 0.29 23.80 -6.44 3.22 -3.85 1.92 -1.79 0.90 -0.92 0.46 -0.46 0.23 -0.23 0.11 -0.11 16.84 D DB DC 0.80 2.00 0.0292 0.0292 0.71 0.29 1.39 -30.10 20.50 8.20 -8.05 -4.10 8.68 3.47 -4.81 -1.74 4.68 1.87 -2.24 -0.94 2.27 0.91 -1.15 -0.45 1.15 0.46 -0.57 -0.23 0.57 0.23 -0.29 -0.11 0.29 0.11 22.41 -22.41 C CD CA 2.00 0.80 0.0292 0.0292 0.29 0.71 30.10 -1.39 -8.20 -20.50 4.10 8.05 -3.47 -8.68 1.74 4.81 -1.87 -4.68 0.94 2.24 -0.91 -2.27 0.45 1.15 -0.46 -1.15 0.23 0.57 -0.23 -0.57 0.11 0.29 -0.11 -0.29 22.41 -22.41

BD 0.80 0.0292 0.71 -1.25 -16.11 10.25 -9.62 4.34 -4.48 2.34 -2.31 1.13 -1.14 0.57 -0.57 0.29 -0.29 -16.84

(cont'd)

SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Top Slab Moment Diagram

Top Slab
25.0 20.0 15.0

Mmax (+) Mmax (-) Design Moment

18.86 -16.84 18.86

kN/m kN/m

Moment (kN-m)

10.0 5.0 0.0 0.00 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 1.50 -5.0 -10.0 -15.0 -20.0 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80

kN/m

Distance x (m)

Top Slab Shear Diagram

80.0 60.0 40.0

Shear (kN)

Vmax (+) Vmax (-) Design Shear

71.39 -64.26 26.77

kN kN

20.0 0.0 0.00 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.20 -20.0 -40.0 -60.0 -80.0 1.50 1.50 1.50

kN

At distance d from the face of the support

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

25.0 20.0

Moment (kN-m)

Mmax (+) Mmax (-) Design Moment

22.41 -22.73 22.73

kN/m kN/m

15.0 10.0 5.0 0.0 0.00 0.30 0.60 0.90 -5.0 -10.0 -15.0 -20.0 -25.0 1.20 1.20

kN/m

Distance x (m)

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

100.0 80.0

kN

Shear (kN)

Vmax (+) Vmax (-) Design Shear

90.29 -90.29 33.86

kN

60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 0.00 0.30 0.60 -20.0 -40.0 -60.0 -80.0 -100.0 0.90

kN

At distance d from the face of the support

Distance x (m)

(cont'd)

Side Walls

Side Walls Moment Diagram

25.0 20.0 15.0

kN/m kN/m

Moment (kN-m)

Mmax (+) Mmax (-) Design Moment

22.41 -14.92 22.41

10.0 5.0 0.0 0.00 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.48 0.60 -5.0 -10.0 -15.0 -20.0 0.72

kN/m

Distance x (m)

Side Walls Shear Diagram

0.0 0.00 0.12 0.24 0.36 0.48 0.60 -10.0 -20.0 -30.0 -40.0 -50.0 -60.0 0.72

Vmax (+) Vmax (-) Design Shear

-38.26 -50.86 49.03

kN kN

kN

At distance d from the face of the support

Shear (kN)

Distance x (m)

THICKNESS CHECK Shear strength provided by concrete = fVc = f0.17 (f'c)0.5 bw d

Component Top slab Bottom slab Side walls d (mm) 275 275 275 fVc (kN) 185.5 185.5 185.5 Vd (kN) 26.8 33.9 49.0 Status O.K. O.K. O.K.

(ACI 11.2.1.2)

REINF. CALCULATIONS Minimum reinforcement ratio for main reinforcement, min Minimum reinforcement ratio for temperature reinforcement, min Maximum center to center spacing of reinforcement, smax
MAIN REINFORCEMENT d (mm) Top slab Bottom slab Side walls 275 275 275 Mu(kN-m) 21.0 25.3 24.9 As (mm2) 202 243 240

0.0007 0.0008 525

See note 2 See note 2

mm

(AASHTO 5.10.8) (AASHTO 5.10.8) (AASHTO 5.10.3.2)

Max (1.5 t, 450)

Component

TEMPRATURE REINF. min 0.0013 0.0013 0.0013 Status O.K. O.K. O.K. act 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032 min 0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 Status O.K. O.K. O.K.

As prov
1131 1131 1131

act 0.0032 0.0032 0.0032

SOIL PRESSURE CHECK Pressure on soil Allowable soil pressure Status

68.60 144.00 O.K.

KPa KPa

1- In reality, the uplift soil pressure on the bottom slab may not be uniform. However, for simplicity, it shall be assumed to be uniform. 2- Minimum reinforcement ratio found is for one layer of reinforcement and shall be multiplyed by 2 if there is 2 layers of reinforcement. 3- Clear distance between two layers of reinforcement shall not be more than 150mm and less than 25mm. 4- All soil has been assumed to be saturated soil. 5- It has been assumed that only one axle of the design truck comes on the culvert at a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths

this design spreadsheet can not be used since it is possible that two axle loads come on the culvert.

DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

1-Jul-12

ed on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI