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Eval uat i on of Neut ron Nucl ear Dat a f or
Urani um-233
Nor i o ASANO
a
, Hi r oyuki MATSUNOBU
a
& Yasuyuki KIKUCHI
b
a
Sumi t omo At omi c Ener gy Indust r i es, Lt d. , Kaj i - cho, Chi yoda- ku,
Tokyo, 101
b
Japan At omi c Ener gy Resear ch Inst i t ut e, Tokai - mur a, Ibar aki - ken,
319- 11
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Neut r on Nucl ear Dat a f or Ur ani um- 233, Jour nal of Nucl ear Sci ence and Technol ogy, 19: 12, 1037- 1053
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Journal of NUCLEAR SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY, 19[12], pp. 1037-1053 (December 1982). 1037
TECHNICAL REPORT
Evaluation of Neutron Nuclear Data
for Uranium-233
Norio ASANO, Hiroyuki MATSUNOBU,
Sumitomo Atomic Energy Industries, Ltd.*
Yasuyuki KIKUCHI
japan Atomic Energy Research Institute**
Received july 14, 1981
Revised june 16, 1982
Neutron nuclear data of
233
U have been evaluated in the energy range from 10-
5
eV to
20 MeV. Evaluated quantities are the total, fission, capture, elastic and inelastic scattering,
(n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross sections, and the average numbers of prompt and delayed
neutrons emitted per fission. The thermal and resonance cross sections have been evaluated
on the basis of the measured data. The resolved resonance parameters are given up to
100eV and the unresolved resonance parameters between 100eV and 30keV. The total
and fission cross sections have been evaluated in the higher energy region on the basis of
the recently measured data, while the theoretical calculation with the optical, statistical
and evaporation models has been used for evaluation of the other cross sections. The pre-
sently adopted optical potential parameters have reproduced well the experimental total
cross section in the entire energy range as well as the measured data of the s-wa ve
strength function. The structure observed in the vp values below 1 MeV is reproduced by
the semi-empirical formula based on the fission fragment kinematics. The presently eval-
uated fission cross section is considerably lower than that of ENDF /8-IV between 10 and
50 keY. This low fission cross section is expected to resolve the kef! discrepancy pointed
out from the benchmark tests in
233
U critical assemblies.
KEYWORDS: uranium 233, neutron nuclear data, comparative evaluations,
thermal cross sections, resonance parameters, optical models, statistical models,
nuclear fission, capture, v-values, JENDL-2, MeV range, eV range, KeV range
I. INTRODUCTION
Recently thorium-uranium fuel cycle becomes considered as an important alternative
fuel cycle from the viewpoint of effective utilization of natural resources and of non-
proliferation. In this cycle, "'U has an essential role as a main fissile material, and a
thermal breeder reactor is expected because of a high r;-value of "'U in the thermal energy
region.
In spite of its importance, the status of evaluated neutron data of "'U is hardly suf-
compared with those of '''U and
239
Pu. Hence there remain large uncertainties.
* Kaji-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101.
** Tokai-mura, lbaraki-ken 319-11.
!* Among the major evaluated nuclear data file, ENDF /8-IVCll and UKNDU
2
l contain the data of "'U
evaluated in 1960's, and only ENDLC'l has the recently evaluated data. The most recently eval-
uated data of ENDF /8-V are not open to Japanese users.
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1038 TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.) ]. Nuc/. Sci. Techno/.,
For example, McNeany & Jenkins<l pointed out from their benchmark tests of
233
U critical
assemblies that the data of ENDF IB-N had some errors in the intermediate energy region.
Taking account of such a situation, a new evaluation of
233
U was made for japanese
Evaluated Nuclear Data Library Version 2 (JENDL-2). The evaluated quantities are the
total, fission, capture, elastic and inelastic scattering, (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross
sections, the angular distributions of scattered neutrons, and the average numbers of prompt
and delayed neutrons emitted per fission in the energy range from 10-s eV to 20 MeV.
The cross sections below 1 e V are given as point-wise data, while they are represented
with resolved or unresolved resonance parameters between 1 eV and 30 keV. Detailed
evaluation method and the numerical values of the parameters were published elsewhere<
5
l,
and brief reviews are given in Chaps. II and ill.
The evaluation of the smooth cross sections above resonance region are described in
Chap. N, as well as the theoretical calculations required in the case when sufficient ex-
perimental data were not available. The detailed evaluation procedure of the average
numbers of neutrons emitted per fission are given in Chap. V. Reliability of the present
evaluation is discussed in Chap. VI as well as some problems left for future. In Chap. VII,
the present results are compared with those of ENDF IB-N from the viewpoint of the sug-
gestion by McNeany & Jenkins from their benchmark tests.
ll. THERMAL CROSS SECTIONS
The cross sections below 1 e V are given as point-wise data, because cross section values
cannot be reproduced sufficiently with the adopted resonance parameters in this energy
range because of interference effects among resonances.
The fission cross section was evaluated on the basis of recently measured data by
Pshenichny et a[.<
6
l, Deruytter & WagemansC7l, Weston et af.<Bl and Cao et at.<l The cap-
ture cross section was also evaluated on the basis of measured data by Weston et az.cs)
The evaluation was made by using NDES (Neutron Data Evaluation System) ooJ. In this
system, numerical experimental data are displayed in a graphic form on a cathode-ray tube,
and any point on the graph can be recorded in the computer memory by using a cross-hair
cursor. Thus the evaluation with the eye-guide method can be made easily with this
system.
The elastic scattering cross section was calculated from the resonance parameters by
using the effective scattering radius of 9.93 fm which was obtained from analyses of the
unresolved resonance parameters as will be described later. The fission, capture and elastic
scattering cross sections thus obtained are shown in Fig. 1 with the experimental data.
The 2,200 mls values of the evaluated cross sections agree with the values recommended
by Lemmel<
11
l within the quoted errors. The total cross section given as a sum of the
partial cross sections agrees with the recently measured data.
ill. RESONANCE PARAMETERS
The cross sections are represented with the resolved resonance parameters in the
energy range from 1 to 100 eV and with the unresolved resonance parameters from 100 eV
to 30 ke V so that the Doppler broadened cross sections may be calculated. Details are
given in Ref. (5).
1. Resolved Resonances
Measured data of the resonance parameters reported up to 1978 were surveyed through
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.)
Hl39
(f)
c 10
2
'-
0
..0
c
0
+->
u
Q)
(/)
(f)
I 0
1
(f)
0
'-
(._)
FISSION
--------------
<>
0
+
0
70CAO /9/
70WESTON /8/
74DERUYTTER /7 I
76PSHENICHNY /6/
\1 68WESTON /18/
0 70WESTON /8/
----------
ELASTIC SCATTERING 0 75LEMMEL /11 I
Neutron Energy eV l
JENDL-2
ENDF/B-IV
Fig. 1 Cross sections of
233
U below 3 eV
I 0
CINDA
02
l. Only the parameters for the single-level Breit-Wigner formula were taken into
consideration for the reason which will be discussed in Chap. v1. The measured parameters
thus collected were stored in the Resonance Parameter Storage and Retrieval System
REPSTOR cia), in which any types of resonance parameters including complicated ones such
as a
0
T or gTnTr! r can be stored and can be compared in simple tabulation forms.
After examining the experimental conditions of cross section measurements from which
the parameters were deduced, comparing the resonance areas and investigating possibility
of resonance missing, it was concluded that the parameter set deduced by Nizamuddin &
BlonscuJ was the most reliable one. Their parameters were deduced from both the high resolu-
tion measurements of fission cross section by BlonsC1
5
J and the transmission measurements
by Kolar et al. CIGJ Nizamuddin & Blons gave the parameters for 169 levels, 33 of which
are artificial levels added to partially compensate the interference effects among resonances.
We adopted this parameter set as initial guess values.
The cross sections were calculated from the initial guess parameters by using the
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1040 TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.) ]. Nucl. Sci. Techno/.,
effective scattering radius of 9.93 fm, and were compared with measured cross sections.
Then the parameters were modified so that the calculated cross sections might agree with
the measured data. In the present work, the total cross section was fitted to the measured
data by Kolar et al.O'J and Pattenden & HarveyC1
7
l, the fission cross section to those by
Blons
05
l, by Deruytter & Wagemansc
7
J and by Cao et at.cJ, and the capture cross section
to those by Weston et at_csJ The modification of parameters was very slight, because the
initial guess parameters, which were deduced without considering capture data, could re-
produce not only the measured fission and total cross sections but also the capture cross
section of Weston et at.csJ fairly well as a whole. This suggests reliability of the param-
eters of Nizamuddin & Blons.
Even after modifying the resonance
parameters, the calculated fission cross sec-
tion failed to reproduce the measured data
in limited energy ranges particularly in
valleys between resonances. This is caused
by the interference among resonances and
is inevitable with the single-level Breit-
Wigner formula. Even the additional arti-
ficial levels cannot correct completely this
discrepancy. In the present work, the dis-
crepancy was corrected by applying a posi-
tive or negative background cross section to
the fission cross section. No background
corrections were necessary to the capture
and elastic scattering cross sections. Figure
2 shows the fission cross sections calculated
with and without the background cross sec-
tion as well as the measured data in the
energy range between 13 and 16 eV.
2. Unresolved Resonances
Ill
c:
<...
0
..Q
c:
0
(.)
Q)
(/)
Ill
Ill
0
<...
u
1 o
3
~ - - . - - - - , - - - . - - - - r - - ~ - . . . . . . ,
I 0
1
10 I
1 o
0
13.0
v
0
..
D
with background cross section
without background cross section
68 Weston /18/
70 Cao /9/
74 Deruytter 171
74 Blons /15/
I ~ . 0 I 5. 0
Neutron Energy eV J
I 6. 0
The solid and dashed lines are calculated
from the present resonance parameters with
and without the background cross section, re-
spectively.
Fig. 2 Fission cross sections of
233
U in the
energy range between 13 and 16 eV
The unresolved resonance parameters were deduced by the ASREP code
0
'J so as to
reproduce the total, fission and capture cross sections evaluated on the basis of measured
data. The total cross section was evaluated by averaging the data of Fullwood et alY"l,
Pattenden & Harveyc
17
l and Kolar et al.O'J The fission cross section was taken from the
measurements by Blons
05
J. The capture cross section was evaluated on the basis of the
measured data by Weston et at.cls) and by Hopkins & Divenc
21
J with the aid of the
statistical model calculation. The detailed evaluation of these cross sections will be given
in Chap. N.
First we searched for the s- and p-wave strength functions, the fission widths and the
effective scattering radius so that the global trends of the total, fission and capture cross
sections might be well reproduced. The observable level spacing Dabs and the radiation
width Tr were fixed to be 0.68 eV and 39 meV, respectively. The energy dependence of the
level spacing was calculated with the level density parameters given by Gilbert & Cameron c
22
l.
The ratio of the s-wave to p-wave strength function was fixed to be 0.53 as obtained
from the optical model calculation, and the spin dependence of the fission widths was also
fixed as expected c
2
a) from the channel theory of fission. The effective scattering radius of
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.)
1041
9.93 fm was obtained as the results of this
search. The strength functions and fission
widths thus determined were used as the
initial guess parameters in the next step.
Then we searched for the s-and p-wave
strength functions and the fission widths
with fixing the other parameters so as to
reproduce the total, fission and capture cross
sections at each energy point. The ratio of
s-wave to p-wave strength function and the
ratios of the fission width in one spin state
to the fission widths in the other spin states
were also fixed in this search. The unre-
solved resonance parameters thus obtained
are given in Table 1 with the calculated
cross sections.
3. Resonance Integral
The resonance integrals were calculated
from the present resonance parameters with
the background cross sections. The cal-
culated fission and capture integrals are 771
and 138 b, respectively, which agree with
the recommended values in BNL-325, 3rd
ed.c"
4
), (76413b for fission and 1406b for
capture) within the quoted errors.
Table 1 Energy dependence of unresolved res-
onance parameters and cross sections
rstot an,f
0
n,y
(harns) (barns) (harns)
0.1 0.851 0.655 1.000 44.83
0,15 0.876 0.766 1.000 39.66
0,25 1.042 0.751 1.000 37.54
0.35 0,919 1.457 0.999 31.15
0.45 0.659 1.323 0.999 24.26
0.55 0.922 0,558 0.999 27.43
0.65 1.200 0.908 0.999 30.42
0.75 0.940 0.798 0.999 25,54
0,85 1.185 0.960 0.998 27.99
0,95 0.934 0.836 0.998 24.02
1.5 0.987 1.104 0.997 22.21
2.5 1.046 0.808 0.995 20.50
3.5 0.992 0.857 0.993 18.92
4.5 1.013 0.930 0,992 H\.30
5.5 0.911 0.870 0,990 17.21
6.5 1.015 1.078 0,988 17.35
7.5 1.007 1.089 0.986 16.99
8.5 1.044 1.164 0.984 16.89
9.5 1.062 1.162 0.982 16.73
10 1.000 1.088 0.981 16.37
15 0.997 1.081 0.972 15.64
20 0.997 1.011 0.963 15.19
25
30
0.996 0.907 0.954 14.88
o.997 o.828 o.945 14.63
27.70
23.65
21.68
17.15
10.81
12.50
15.76
11.40
13.71
10.14
8.80
7.07
5. 79
5.34
4.39
4.fi5
4.37
4.34
4.23
3.90
3.40
3.11
2.91
2. 77
4.44
3,35
3.09
1.4Fi
1.00
2.21
1.90
1.52
1.57
1. 30
0.897
0,897
0.694
0.591
0.510
0.449
0.414
0.38Fi
0,373
0.362
0.306
0.287
0.286
0.287
The energy dependences of the parameters are
given as the ratio to the initial guess values
listed below :
S
0
=0.923x I0-
4
, S
1
=!.76x I0-
4
, Dobs=0.6BeV
r
1
(2+) = 1,532 meV, r
1
(3+) =632 meV
r
1
(1-)=1,385meV, r
1
(2-)=941 meV
r
1
(3-)=1,277meV, r
1
(4-)=941meV
Fixed parameters: R=9.93fm, Tr=39meV
IV. EVALUATION OF SMOOTH CROSS SECTIONS
The status of experimental data was surveyed for the cross sections above resonance
region by referring mainly to CINDA
02
). According to the survey, sufficient experimental
data were available for evaluation of the total and fission cross sections. For other quan-
tities, however, experimental data were so scarce that theoretical calculations with the
optical, statistical and evaporation models were required for their evaluation.
1. Total Cross Section and Optical Model
Four measurements are available in the energy region above 10 keV and they nearly
cover the energy range of interest. The measured data below 10 ke V are considerably
discrepant with one another and fluctuate largely. As seen in Fig. 3, the data of Stupegiac
25
)
are systematically lower by about 8% than those of Poenitz et al.c
26
) which agree well with
the data of Green & Mitchelc
27
) above 500 keV and with those of Foster & Glasgowc
2
s)
above 2 MeV. Stupegia's data are also lower than those of Fullwood et a/.<'
0
) and of
Pattenden & Harveyc
17
) below 10 keV.
In the present work, the total cross section below 10 keV was evaluated by averaging
the data of Fullwood et al., of Pattenden & Harvey and of Kolar et a!Y') The evaluation
in the energy region from 50 keV to 15 MeV was made with the eye-guide method on the
basis of the data of Poenitz et al., of Green & Mitchel and of Foster & Glasgow. The
data of Stupegia were abandoned. In the energy regions between 10 and 50 ke V and above
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1042
..... 30
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20
TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et al.)
END F I B- IV
,____ Present work
note change in
cross section scale
]. Nucl. Sci. Techno!.,
57 Fullwood /20/
" 62 Stupegia /25/
63 Pattenden /17/
70 Kolar /16/
71 Foster /28/
73 Green /27/
* 75 Vertebnyj /34/
o 78 Poenitz /26/
101 Lo-'' ...........
En (keV)
Fig. 3 Total cross sections of
233
0 in the energy range from 100 eV to 20 MeV
15 MeV where no reliable experimental data exist, we applied the calculation with the
optical model. The presently evaluated cross section is shown in Fig. 3 with the measured
data, as well as the evaluated cross section of ENDF IB-N.
The optical model calculation was also required so as to obtain the neutron transmis-
sion coefficients and the compound nucleus formation cross section which will be used in
the statistical and evaporation models. The spherical optical model was used in the present
evaluation. The optical potential parameters were determined so that the calculated total
cross section might agree well with the presently evaluated one. As the initial guess, we
adopted the parameters for
235
U which were obtained<
29
) by considering the consistency
among the heavy nuclides. The finally adopted potential strength parameters are

En (derivative Woods-Saxon)
v.o=6.0
(MeV),
(MeV),
(MeV),
where V
0
, W, and V,
0
stand for the real part, imaginary part of surface type and spin-orbit
part of the potential, respectively. The nuclear radius and the diffuseness parameters cor-
responding to the above three parameters are
ro=l.31 (fm),
a =0.57 (fm) ,
r,=1.36 (fm),
b=0.44 (fm),
r,
0
=1.32 (fm),
a,o=0.50 (fm) 0
The total cross sections calculated with the present optical potential agree with the
presently evaluated data within 2% in the entire energy range. The calculated s-wave
neutron strength function is shown in Table 2 with the measured data. The calculated
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.)
1043
value of the s-wave strength function agrees
with most of the measured data within the
experimental error except an extreme value
of Kolar et al. <lG)
2. Fission Cross Section
There are lots of experimental data for
the fission cross section in the entire energy
range. The data are classified broadly into
two categories: The data of absolute meas-
urement and of relative measurement. Most
of the relative data are given in the form
Table 2 Calculated and measured s-wave
neutron strength functions of
233
0 in unit of 10"
4
Presently calculated
58 Vladimirsky<so)
58 Hughes<31l
60 Moore<sJ
70 Kolar
06
l
71 Ryabov<ss)
75 Vertebny<
34
)
0.95
1.18
1.1 0.2
1.0 0.2
2.250.55
1 39
+0.90
. -0.39
1.020.07
of the ratio to the fission cross section of
235
U and have been measured at so many energy
points that the energy dependence can be easily seen. On the other hand, the data points
of the absolute data are scarce. The present evaluation was made on the basis of the
absolute data by taking account of the shape deduced from the ratio measurements. In
order to deduce the cross section value from the ratio data, we used the fission cross sec-
tions of
235
U which were evaluated by Matsunobu et az.<'J for JENDL-2 with the simulta-
neous evaluation manner. The cross section shape was mainly determined on the basis of
the latest ratio data of Carlson & Behrens<s) and of Shpak & Smirenkin<so) which nearly
cover the entire energy range of interest.
We adopted the data of Blons<
15
) in the unresolved resonance region below 30 keV,
considering the consistency with the resolved resonance region. In the energy range from
30 to 100 keV, the evaluation was mainly based on the absolute data of Gwin et a/.<
37
)
which join smoothly with the data of Blons. The latest absolute data of Poenitzcss) were
mainly adopted in the energy range from 100 keV to 8 MeV. There are few absolute data
in the energy region above 8 MeV except near 14 MeV, and the cross section data deduced
from the relative measurements were applied in this energy region. The cross section was
a little modified near 14 MeV considering the absolute data of Alkhazov et al.<
3
') The
evaluated curve is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 with the experimental data as well as the data
of ENDF /B-N.
3. (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) Reaction Cross Sections
The (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross sections were calculated with Pearlstein's for-
mula <
40
) on the basis of the evaporation model. The neutron emission cross section was
approximated to be the difference between the compound nucleus formation cross section
and the fission cross section, because charged-particle emission reactions are relatively
improbable for heavy nuclei, and because the compound elastic scattering and neutron
capture cross section are negligibly small in such a high energy region where the (n, 2n)
and (n, 3n) reactions take place. The compound nucleus formation cross section was calcu-
lated with the optical model. The Q-values of (n, 2n), (n, 3n) and (n, 4n) reactions were taken
from the compilation of Wapstra & Bos<
41
); they are 5.75, 13.01 and 18.91 MeV, respectively.
The calculated (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross sections were normalized to the fission-
spectrum-averaged (n, 2n) reaction cross section measured by Kobayashi et a/.<
42
), assuming
the fission neutron spectrum to be Maxwellian with the nuclear temperature of 1.3 MeV.
Consequently both calculated cross sections were decreased to a half.
4. Capture, Elastic and Inelastic Scattering Cross Sections
The capture cross section below 10 ke V was evaluated on the basis of the measured
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-
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-
-
-
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3
3
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et at.) 1045.
3
0 78 Poenitz /38/
77 Alkhozov /39/
D 67 White /63/
---<>---70 Bergen /58/
2
- "()
I
01
78Corlson /35/
... 75 Shpok !?131
--... Present work
- - ~ - - - ENDF/ B-IV
0.5
---
5 10
En [MeV!
Fig. 5 Fission cross sections of
233
U in energy range from 100 keV to 20 MeV
data by Weston et a/.0
8
' The capture cross section above 10 keV was calculated with the
inelastic scattering cross section on the basis of the Hauser-Feshbach theory with statistical
fluctuation by CASTHY codec'
3
'. The fission, (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross sections
were taken into account as the competing processes. The neutron transmission coefficients
were computed with the optical model. The r-ray transmission coefficients were estimated
by assuming the profile function of the Brink-Axel typecJ and the level density formula
of Gilbert & Cameronc
22
', and their absolute values were adjusted in the present work so
that the calculated capture cross section might agree with
the experimental data of Hopkins & Divenc
21
' at 60 keV.
As for the level scheme, fourteen levels were taken up to
597 keV from Table of Isotopes (7th ed.) cJ, and the levels
were assumed to be continuum above 600 keV. The
adopted level scheme is given in Table 3.
As the elastic scattering cross section, we took the
difference between the total and reaction cross sections so
that the summation of partial cross sections might always
be equal to the total cross section. The evaluated curves
of the capture and inelastic scattering cross sections are
shown in Fig. 6 with those of the (n, 2n) and (n, 3n)
reaction cross sections as well as the evaluated cross
sections of ENDF IB-N.
The presently evaluated cross sections above 30 ke V
are given in Table 4.
-81-
Table 3 Level scheme adopted
in present work
Excitation
energy (MeV)
0
0.04035
0.0922
0.1551
0.29882
0.31191
0.3208
0.34047
0.3537
0.397
0.39849
0.41576
0.5039
0.5467
0.5971
Spin and
parity
5;2+
7/2+
9;2+
11/2+
5!2-
3/2+
7;2-
5/2+
9;2-
11/2-
l/2+
3;2+
7;2-
5/2+
7;2+
D
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u
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y

2
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2

1046 TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et al.)
>- 0.1

0.01
...--....- Present work
,--. __ , ENDF I 8 -IV
]. Nucl. Sci. Techno!.,
o 62 Hopkins 1211
- 68 Weston /18/
' I
I
\:
,,
'
'
'
'
'
'
\
\
I
10
4
to

10_, 10 10
2
10
3
En ( keV]
Fig. 6 Capture, inelastic scattering, (n, 2n) and (n, 3n) reaction cross sections of
233
U
V. EVALUATION OF AVERAGE NUMBER OF
NEUTRONS EMITTED PER FISSION
1. Prompt Neutrons
The experimental data of Dp are numerous in the energy region below 5 MeV and near
14 MeV. However there exists considerable discrepancy among the measured data partly
due to uncertainty in the value of iJp(
252
Cf) used as standard. The value of 3.756 was
adopted in the present work for Dp(2
52
Cf) according to the recommendation by Smith C"J.
All the experimental data of Dp(
233
U) were renormalized by using this standard value and
are shown in Fig. 7.
A vague structure is observed in the experimental data. Particularly there seems to
exist an obvious valley between 100 and 300 keV. The structure like this is not clearly
confirmed for other fissile nuclides such as
235
U and
239
Pu. Considering such a structure,
the entire energy region was divided into four sub-regions, and the evaluation was per-
formed individually in each sub-region.
The first sub-region covers the energy range from thermal to 1 MeV. The average
values of fission fragment kinetic energy E k were measured by Boldeman et al. c47l in this
energy range. Hence the following_ semi-empirical formula on the basis of the energy
balance of fission event was applied in the present work.
where Eth. stands for the thermal neutron energy. The proportional constant a cor-
-82-
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2

Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et al.)
1047
Table 4 Evaluated cross sections above 30 keV (in barns)
O.OJ
0.035
0.04.
0.045
o.os
0.055
0.06
0,065
0,07
0.075
0.08
0.085
0.09
0.095
O.L
0.125
0.15
0.175
0.2
0.225
0.25
0.275
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.55
0.6
0.65
o. 7
o. 75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.95
1.0
1.25
1.5
1. 75
2.0
2.25
2.77 0.287 10.97
2.67 0.287 10.86
2.60 0.284 10.76 0.0
2.54 0.276 10.65 0.0153
2.49 0.274 10.54
2.45 0.271 10.45 0.0279
2.41 0.272 10.28 0.0338
2.38 0.270 10.20 0.0394.
2.35 0.270 10.08 0.0451.
2.33 0.267
2.31 0.265
9.95 0.0503
9.87 0,0556
2.30 0.260 9. 77 0.0601.
2.28 0.260 9. 70 0.0654.
2,26 0.259 9.6]. 0.0716
2.25 0.256 9.52 0.0774.
2,20 0.236
2.15 0.235
9.16 0.105
8.78 0.137
2.15 0.218 8.48 0.155
2.17 0.200 8.21 0,166'
2.20 o.i82 7.90 0.110
2.21 0.172 7.64 0.176
2.20 0.168 7.45 0.184.
2.17 0.170 7.26 0.197
2.11 0.155 6.81 0.275
2.05 0.143 6.43
2.01 0.133 6.05
1.96 0.130 5.75
1.93 0.126 5.44
1.92 0.123 5.18
1.91 0.120 4.96
1.91 0.117 4.76
1.90 0.116 4.56
1.89 0.115 4.42
1.88 0.115 4.26
1.87 0.115 4.15
1.87 0.115 4.03
1.86 0.115 3.94
0.348
0.408
0.461
0.504
0.532
0.562
0,587
0.621
0.656-
0.694
0.734
0.769
0.813
1.87 0.111 3.71 0.993
1.91 0.0988 3. 70
1.94 0.0831 3.85
1.96 0.0662 4.05
1.94 0.0521 4.29

1.17
1.17
1.17

13.82
13.64
13.48
13.33
13.20
13.00
12.89
12.75
12,60
12,50
12.39
12.30
12.20
12.10
11.70
11.30
11.00
10.75
10.45
10.20
10,00
9.80
9.35
8.97
8.60
8.30
e.oo
7.75
7.55
7.37
7.20
7 .DB
6.95
6.87
6.78
6.73
6.68
6.82
7.04
7.25
7.45
responds to the inverse value of the average
neutron separation energy from fission frag-
ments, but was treated as an adjustable pa-
rameter in the present analysis. The values
of LlE k were taken from the above experi-
mental data of Boldeman et at. The best
values of lJp(Etn) and a were determined by
fitting the calculated lJp to the experimental
ones of Boldeman et at.c
47
) and Nurpeisov
et at. c
48
l c
49
l Table 5 gives the calculated lJp
values with LlE k values. The observed struc-
ture is well reproduced as seen in Fig. 7.
2.5
2. 75
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
5,78
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.S
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.5
13.0
13.07
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
11 .a
17.5
18,0
18.5
19.0
19.5
20.0
83-
l.B9 0.0408 4.53 1.16
LB4 0.0316 4.76 1.15
l.BO 0.0241 4.96 2.14
1.70 0.0141 .5.20 2.15
1.62 7.92-3 .5.26 1.17
l.SS 4.30-3 5.18 1.19
1.50 2.31-3 4.98 1.22
1.51 1.22-3 4.71 1.22
0.0
1.67 5.79-4 4.44 1.06 0,0227
1.94 2.22-4 4.13 0.720 0.112
2.10 9.17-5 3.88 0.510 0.169
2.20 4.16-5 3,84 0.200 0,189
2.23 2.19-5 3.71 7.27-2 0.206
2.22 1.32-5 3,59 2.81-2 0.227
2.20 8.57-6 3,47 1.15-2 0.246
2.19 5.66-6 3.39 4.92-3 0.262
2.18 3.97-6 3.32 2.20-3 0.270
2.17 2.90-6 3.27 1.02-3 0.276
2.16 2.19-6 3.24 4.94-4 0,278
2.16 1.64-6 3.23 2.46-4 0.271
2.17 1.24-6 3.22 1.26-4 0.265
2.20 9.27-7 3.23 6.66-5 0,241
2.24 6.74-7 3.24 3.60-5 0.216
0.0
7.62
7.78
7.92
8.06
8.06
7.92
7.70
7.44.
7.19
6.90
6.66
6.43
6.22
6.07
5.93
5.85
5. 71
5.72
5.68.
5.67
5,66
5.67
5,70
2.28 4.83-7 3,25 1.99-5 0.184 0.0126 5.73
2.32 3.67-7 3,28 1.13-5 0.135 0.0373 5.77
2.34 2.97-7 3.33 6.50-6 0.102 0,0626 5.83
2.35 2.62-7 3.37 3.82-6 0.0770 ,.0.0854 5.88
2.32 0.0646 0.117
2.2_7 2.95-7 3.53 1.39-6 o.o554 0.156
5.94

2.21 0.0477 0.200 6.08
2.15 3.34-7 3.71 5.37-7 0.0385 0.236 6.13
2.12
0.0289 0.255
2.11 2.97-7 3.83 2.19-7 0.0211 0.265
6.18
6.23
6.26
6.30
2.12 0.0146 0.260
2.14 2.25-7 3.90 9.39-8 0.0101 0.251
2.16
6.90-3 0.225
2.18 1.73-7 3.99 4.20-8 4.70-3 0.185
6.33
6.36
Table 5 Calculated Pp and JE k used
in calculation below 1 MeV
En(MeV)
0.0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
JEk (MeV)
0.0
0.131
0.262
0.401
0.373
0.226
0.339
0.439
0.380
0.338
0.211
0.234
2.486
2.477
2.468
2.458
2.467
2.494
2.493
2.493
2.511
2.526
2.552
2.561
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a/.) 1049
The upper boundary energies of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th sub-regions are 2.73, 7.47 and
20 MeV, respectively. The evaluation was performed by the least squares fitting with avail-
able experimental data shown in Fig. 7, under assumption of linear energy dependence in
each region.
The evaluated iip value is expressed as
iip(En)=2.486+0.1121 {En-LIE k(En)}
=2.436+0.1279 En
=2.327+0.1678 En
=2.857+0.09689En
2. Delayed Neutrons
for thermal::s;E,.< 1 MeV,
for 1 ::;;En< 2.73MeV,
for 2.73 ::;;En< 7.47MeV,
for 7.47 :::;; En::s;;20 MeV.
There are two measurements of iid by Evans et at.cso) and Masters et at.csl) The
data of Evans et al. seem to have slight energy dependence as seen in Fig. 8. Further-
more, the thermal value of iid is 0.0067, according to the latest evaluation by Lemme! ell),
and is smaller by about 10% than the averaged value of Evans et al. in the energy range
from 50 ke V to 2 MeV. Therefore, it may be reasonable to take account of the energy
dependence in the evaluation of iid. In the present evaluation, we represented the
energy dependence up to 4 MeV with the
expression
iid(En)=0.0067+4.627x IQ-tn

This was obtained by the least squares fit-
ting in logarithmic energy scale with the
data of Evans et al. fixing the thermal value
to 0.0067. In the energy region between 4
and 6 MeV, the experimental data decrease
abruptly due to occurrence of the (n, n' f)
reaction. The evaluated curve was drawn
by the eye-guide manner so as to follow the
experimental data.
g.
8
7
6
5 .
4
o 69 Masters /51/
o 73 Evans /50/
--..__.. Present work
-----ENDF /8-IV
3

En I MeVl
Fig. 8 Average number of delayed neutrons
emitted per fission of
233
U
VI. DISCUSSION
The single-level Breit-Wigner formula was adopted in the present work. For a fissile
nuclide such as
233
U, however, the interference effects among resonances are so strong
that the single-level formula fails to reproduce the cross sections satisfactorily, particularly
in valleys between resonances. Various multi-level multi-channel formulae have so far
been developedc
52
)-css) in order to overcome this drawback. In these multi-level formulae,
however, new adjustable parameters are required, and the resultant resonance parameters
are not always unique. Moreover, most of processing codes to produce the reactor con-
stants cannot treat the multi-level multi-channel formulae. Considering such a situation, it
was decided c
7
s) to adopt the single-level formula in JENDL-2. In the present case, only
slight background correction was required in the fission cross section. Hence we believe
that the single-level formula with slight background correction is a reasonable way.
In the evaluation of the fission cross section, special care was paid in order to keep
the consistency between the absolute and relative data in the energy region above 100 keV.
-85-
D
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1050 TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et al.) ]. Nucl. Sci. Techno[.,
The values derived from the ratio data of Carlson & Behrens<
36
l and of Shpak & Smirenkin<J
by using the fission cross sections of
235
U for JENDL-2 are systematically 2"'3% higher
than the absolute data of Poenitz<as) between 10 keV and 5 MeV. This discrepancy might
suggest that the fission cross section of
236
U in JENDL-2 is a little too high in this energy
region. Further study is required on the fission cross section of
236
U which is used as the
standard in the evaluation for the other heavy nuclides.
The present theoretical calculation is based on the spherical optical model. Theoretically
the coupled channel optical model with deformed potential is preferrable for such deformed
nucleus as
233
U. In the actual calculation, however, only the levels belonging to the ground
state band can be coupled, and there exists considerable ambiguity in treating the other
levels. On the other hand, it is possible to reproduce various quantities fairly well with
the spherical optical model by adopting appropriate potential parameters. The present
potential parameters reproduces well both the adopted experimental data of total cross
section above 100 ke V and the s-wave strength function in the resonance region. This
implies that the neutron transmission coefficients calculated with the present model are
reliable in the whole energy range.
The direct inelastic scattering process was ignored in the present evaluation, while the
ENDF IB-N took account of it by applying the coupled channel optical model. The direct
inelastic scattering becomes predominant in the energy region above the threshold of the
(n, 2n) reaction, where the compound inelastic scattering cross section becomes negligibly
small. Hence the direct reactions have little effect on the fission reactor calculation but
should be taken into account in future, particularly if Th-
233
U fuel cycle is considered in
the fusion-fission hybrid system. The difference between the present and ENDF IB-N
evaluations below 1 MeV might be partly due to the direct inelastic scattering process and
partly to the difference of the competing fission cross section.
The evaluated capture cross section agrees with that of ENDF IB-N within the ex-
perimental errors in the energy range from 30 to 600 ke V where the data of Hopkins &
Diven<
21
) exist. The large discrepancy exists in the energy regions between 3 and 30 keV
and above 600 keV. Particularly in MeV region, the present evaluated data decrease abruptly
due to ignorance of the direct capture, while the ENDF IB-N extrapolated the cross section
by assuming the rise due to the direct capture. For reactor calculations, however, the
capture cross section in MeV region has negligibly small effect.
As to the evaluation of the average number of prompt neutrons emitted per fission iJp,
the recent experimental data by Boldeman et at.<
7
J and Nurpeisov et at.<BJ<<
9
) were adopted
in the energy region below 1 MeV. The apparent structure is observed in both data. The
present evaluation based on the fission kinematics reproduces this structure well
and gives about 2% lower values than those of ENDFIB-N below 1 MeV.
VH. CONCLUDING REMARKS
An evaluation of neutron-induced reaction cross sections of
233
U was carried out on the
basis of recent measurements. The presently evaluated data are considerably different
from those of ENDF IB-N. The present total cross section is about 8 to 10% higher than
that of ENDF IB-N in the energy region above. 30 ke V as shown in Fig. 3. As for the
fission cross section, present values are about 10% lower in the energy range from 10 to
50 ke V and are 2"'3% higher from 200 ke V to. 7 MeV as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. Further-
more, the present av.erage numbers of prompt neutrons emitted per fission iJp are about 2%
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Vol. 19, No. 12 (Dec. 1982) TECHNICAL REPORT (N. Asano et a[.) 1051
lower below 1 MeV where experimental data show apparent structure as shown in Fig. 7.
The low fission cross section between 1 and 50 keV, as well as the low Dp value below
1 MeV, is interesting from the viewpoint of the benchmark tests by McNeany & )enkinsc
4
J.
They performed the benchmark calculation of an unreflected metal
233
U assembly and of
eleven
233
U solution critical assemblies whose H/"
33
U ratio covers range of 40rv2,000.
They pointed out that the ENDF /B-IV calculation tended to overestimate the effective
multiplication factor keff in undermoderated systems, and they concluded that some problems
existed in the ENDF /B-IV cross sections in the intermediate energy region. Hence it is
expected that the keffdiscrepancy in the harder spectrum assemblies could be decreased
with the low lia
1
value in the present evaluation.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors wish to thank members of the working group on evaluation of heavy
nuclides of JNDC as well as those of JAERI Nuclear Data Center, for their helpful discus-
sion. Especially they acknowledge S. lgarasi for his advice in the theoretical calculation
and T. Nakagawa for his aid in treating the experimental and evaluated data files. Part
of the present work was made under the contract between Japan Atomic Energy Research
Institute and Sumitomo Atomic Energy Industries, Ltd.
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CooPs, M.S., LouGHEED, R.W., EvANS, J.E., HoFF, R.W.: Phys. Rev., 152,1046 (1966).
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Pu,
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