HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

PUMP PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

1- A pump operating at 1650 rpm is used to transfer water, the system characteristic is Hsys = 68 + 124.3 Q and the pump characteristic is given below:
Q

m3 s

0.075 72 55

0.15 70 82

0.2 66 90

0.25 60 93

0.3 50 91

H( m)
( %)

a) Obtain the operating point of this pump ?

b) Obtain the most effective speed at which the pump should operate and the power required to drive this

pump ?
c ) Plot the characteristic of the pump at this new speed ? Solution: %1

0.075 0.15 m3 Q pump_1650 := 0.2 Hpump_1650 := s 0.25 0.3

N 1 := 1650rpm

72 70 66 m pump_1650 := 60 50

55 82 2 s 90 % zpump_1650 := 68m kpump_1650 := 124.3 5 93 m 91

TO OBTAIN THE N EW CONSTANT (K) VALUE AT MAXIMUM EFFICIENCY FOR THE NEW SYSTEM:

Hsys1 := zpump_1650 + kpump_1650 Q pump_1650

)2

68.699 70.797 Hsys1 = 72.972 m 75.769 79.187

m s
3

Hmax.eff_pump = kmax.eff Q max.eff kmax.eff = Hmax.eff

)2

( Qmax.eff )

max := 93%

Hmax.eff_pump := 60m

Q max.eff := 0.25

(AFFINITY LAWS): KQ = Q N d
3

KH =

g H N d
2 2

KP =

P
N d
2 5

K = ( 1 - ) d

0.25

NB: Since the pump are similar the impeller diameters are the same.

17

HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

PUMP PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

kmax.eff := 1 Given

2 5

Hmax.eff_pump = kmax.eff Q max.eff kmax.eff := Find kmax.eff

)2
kmax.eff = 960 s
2 5

Hsys2 := kmax.eff Q pump_1650

)2

5.4 21.6 Hsys2 = 38.4 m 60 86.4

Characteristic of the pump at 1650 rpm

100 90

Head & Efficiency at 1650 rpm

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.05 0.077 0.104 0.131 0.158 0.185 0.212 0.239 0.266 0.293 0.32

Flow rate at 1650 rpm Pump Curve 1650 rpm System 1 Curve Efficiency Curve 1650 rpm System 2 Curve

a) The operating point of this pump at the operating speed is the interception between pump curve N 1 & system 1 curve, where can also be taken the reading of head(H) and the flow rate(Q) at the operating speed.
18

HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

PUMP PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

b) NB: Obtaining the most effective operation point should be at the interception between system 1 curve & system2 curve and take the reading of Q most.eff and Hmost.eff,and then use the AFFINITY LAWS to obtain the most effective speed ( N most.eff). m s
3

N most.eff := 1rpm Given Q max.eff N1 = Q most.eff

Q most.eff := 0.285

Hmost.eff := 78m

FROM AFFINITY

N most.eff LAWS

N most.eff := Find N most.eff

:= 9.81

N most.eff = 1881 rpm

kN m
3

Specific Density of water

Preq :=

Hmost.eff Q most.eff max

100

Preq = 234.491 kW

c) Use the AFFINITY LAWS to c ompute the flow rat e(Q pump_1881), head( Hpump_1881) and the efficiency( pump_1881) and plot the characteristic of the pump at the speed of 1881 rpm . Be aware that whatever system curve to be plotted, it's always against operating flow rate. Q pump_1650 N most.eff N1

Q pump_1650 N1

Q pump_1881 N most.eff

FROM AFFINITY LAWS

Q pump_1881 :=

0.086 0.171 m3 Q pump_1881 = 0.228 0.285 s 0.342 93.571 90.972 Hpump_1881 = 85.774 m 77.976 64.98

g Hpum_1650

g Hpump_1881

H := FROM AFFINITY pump_1881

LAWS

g Hpump_1650 g N 1

(N1)2

( Nmost.eff.)2

( )2

N most.eff

since d1 = d2 1 - 1

d2 = 1 - 2 d1

0.25 FROM AFFINITY LAWS

pump_1881 :=

pump_1650 - 1

+1

( 1)

0.25

55 82 pump_1881 = 90 % 93 91

19

HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

PUMP PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

Characteristic of the pump at 1881 rpm

100

Head & Efficiency at 1881 rpm

90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0.05 0.082 0.114 0.146 0.178 0.21 0.242 0.274 0.306 0.338 0.37

Flow rate at 1881 rpm Pump Curve 1881 rpm System 2 Curve Efficiency Curve 1881 rpm

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