HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

VELOCITY TRIANGLE

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

2- A centrifugal fan delivers 2 m 3/s of air (density 1.2 kg/m 3) running at 960 rev/min. The im peller outer diam eter is 0.7m and inner diameter is 0.48m . The im peller width at inlet is 0.16m . The width is designed for constant radial flow velocity throughout. The blades are backward inclined m aking angle of 22.5 and 50 with the tangents at inlet and outlet respectively. There is whirl at inlet. a) Sketch the inlet and outlet velocity triangles ? b) Calculate blade velocity at inlet and outlet ? c) Calculate the whirl velocity at inlet and outlet ? d) Calculate the absolute velocity at inlet and outlet ? e) Calculate the relative velocity at inlet and outlet ? f) Calculate the theoretical head produced by the im peller ? g) If 5m of air is lost at inlet, calculate the pressure head across the im peller ? h) Claculate the im peller width at outlet ? Solution: Q := 2 m s
3

a := 1.2

kg m
3

N := 960rpm d2 r2 := 2

d2 := 0.7m

d1 := 0.48m

b 1 := 0.16m

1 := 22.5

2 := 50

d1 r1 := 2

NB: when centrifugal fun delivers air and we have casing in the system threfore Hp = Hm - Hc and Hm = Ha; when centrifugal fun is supplies air therefore Hth = Ha

U 1 := N r1 U 2 := N r2 Af := 2 r1 b 1

U 1 = 24.127 U 2 = 35.186 Af = 0.241 m

m s m s
2

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HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

VELOCITY TRIANGLE

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

vf := 1 Given

m s

Q = Af vf

vf := Find( vf)

vf = 8.289

m s

vw1 := 1 Given

m s

vf tan 1 = U 1 - vw1

( )

vw1 := Find vw1

vw1 = 4.115

m s

vw2 := 1 Given

m s

vf tan 2 = U 2 - vw2

( )

vw2 := Find vw2

vw2 = 28.23

m s

v1 :=

vw1 + vf
2

m v1 = 9.255 s m v2 = 29.422 s

v2 :=

vw2 + vf m s

vr 1 := 1 Given sin( 90) vr1 vr 2 := 1 Given sin( 90) vr2 Hth :=

sin 1 vf

( )

vr 1 := Find vr 1

( )

vr 1 = 21.661

m s

m s

sin 2 vf

( )
U 1 vw1 g

vr 2 := Find vr 2

( )

vr 2 = 10.821

m s

U 2 vw2 g

Hth = 91.164 m

47

HYDRAULIC MACHINES III

VELOCITY TRIANGLE

Solution by DF Sozinando, Mechanical Eng. student at Vaal University of Technology

hL := 5m
2 2

p1

+ z1 + + Hth - hL = + z2 + 2 g 2 g

v1

p2

v2

p2

p1

v1 - v2 2 g v1 - v2 2g
2

+ z1 - z2 - hL + Hth

H2 - H1 =

- hL + Hth

Hp :=

v1 - v2 2 g

- hL + Hth

Hp = 46.395 m

b 2 := 1m Given Q = 2 r2 b 2 vf

b 2 := Find b 2

( )

b 2 = 0.11 m

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