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atropine. To evaluate the response of ileum or jejunum to different drugs, we considered the response of guinea pig's ileum or rabbit's jejunum to 1 g/ml of acetylcholine as 100% response. Results: Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc test (SPSS 17), with p < 0.05 considered to be significant. Aqueous fractions of Rosa damascena caused increase on the basal contraction of rabbit's jejunum and guinea pig's ileum contractions, dose dependently (p < 0.001). The response of ileum and jejunum to aqueous fraction was decreased after antagonizing the cholinergic receptors. Keywords: Rosa damascena, Ileum, Jejunum, Contraction

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.853

Poster [A-10-835-1] Inhibition effects of Physalis alkekengi extract on xanthine oxidase activity in different phenological stages Mahdieh Hoshani, Manijeh Mianabadi, Mahnaze Aghdasi, Majid Azim-Mohseni Golestan, Gorgan, Iran E-mail addresses: mhoshani@yahoo.com (M. Hoshani), m.mianabadi@gu.ac.ir (M. Mianabadi), aghdas46@yahoo.com (M. Aghdasi), Azim_mohseni@yahoo.com (M. Azim-Mohseni) Introduction: Physalis alkekengi (Solanaceae) is a rich source of various antioxidants. There are some reports that show P. alkekengi had been advised for treatment of wide range of diseases including gout, inflammation, rheumatism and kidney stone. Xanthine oxidase catalyses the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then to uric acid, that plays a crucial role in gout. Many natural compounds were recognized as xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as the most flavonoid, phenol and carotenoid compounds. Methods: Different part of P. alkekengi including leave, calyx, green and orange fruits harvested from around the Tonekabon, Iran. Then, they dried in dark and powdered. And then, total phenol, flavonoid and carotenoid contents of plant samples were determined. Results: 0.3 mgml1 of plant extracts in different phonological stages exhibited inhibition effects on xanthine oxidase activity (from 54% to 97% by leave and orange fruit, respectively). The most content of total phenol (31.74 mg qGA.g1dw1), flavonoid (5.31 mg qQ. g1dw1) were evaluated from leaves. Nevertheless, the maximum of total carotenoid content was observed in orange fruit of P. alkekengi. Discussion: These results suggest that the extract of Physalis alkekengi in different phonological stages is a valuable source of antioxidants and xanthine oxidase inhibitor, effectively. Therefore, for treating diseases such as gout caused by antioxidant, it is proposed. Keywords: Physalis alkekengi, Xanthine oxidase, gout, antioxidant

Introduction: Prunus mahaleb L. is also known as Rock cherry and it is native to some parts of Iran. It indicated selective fruit abortion, producing a high proportion of excess flowers that result in low fruit set levels. This reduces the number of poor quality fruit and increases the viability of its seeds. The plant is cultivated for spice and its chemical constituents are still unknown. There is lack of information about its biological activities although it has long history of ethnopharmacological application. Therefore this research was conducted to evaluate the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of the Prunus mahaleb L. seeds. Results showed that the total phenolic and flavonoid compounds concentration were 75.7 0.18 and 28.5 0.37 mg/g dry weight respectively. Antioxidant potential evaluation using free radical scavenging activity method at 100 g/ml of seed methanolic extract and positive controls showed the inhibition of 55.3 2.65% of free radicals while these values for Vit C, E and BHT were 92.2 2.2, 95.1 4.23 and 67.5 4.13% respectively. However ferric reducing power activities of the seeds methanolic extract, Vit C, E and BHT at 100 g/ml were 51.9 1.23, 91.4 1.43, 89.8 2.35 and 63.6 2.75% respectively. Free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing power activity of the seed methanolic extract were significantly)p < 0.05 (lower than those positive controls). Although the antioxidant activity of the seed methanolic extract was moderate as compared to the positive controls, still it could be applied as a source of natural antioxidant in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and its biological activities could be due to the presence of phenolics and flavonoids as bioactive compounds present in the seed. Keywords: Prunus mahaleb, Antioxidant activity, Phenolic, Flavonoid doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.855

Poster [A-10-849-2] Antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds in Alhagi maurorum Oskoueian Armina, Oskoueian Ehsanb, Hendra Rudib, Zohorian Faridac, Samadi Fatemehc, Karimi Ehsand a Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran b Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia c Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran d Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia E-mail address: armin_oskoueian@yahoo.com (O. Armin) Alhagi maurorum is a species of legume known by the common name of Camelthorn. It is one of the native shrubs in various regions in Iran. The seeds are brown and used as a medicinal herb in Iran. Recently, there is growing interest in identification of new sources of safe natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Polyphenols such as flavonoids are the major plant compounds with antioxidant activity which is reported to be mainly due to their redox properties and scavenge the free radicals. In this study, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were determined from methanolic extract of A. maurorum seed. The results showed that the total phenolic and flavonoid compounds concentration were 23.83 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dried-weight and 11.53 mg rutin equivalent/g dried-weight respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extract was measured by using free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) method and ferric reducing activity power (FRAP) method and then compared with ascorbic acid, -tocopherol (natural antioxidant), and butylated hydroxytoluene/BHT (synthetic antioxidant). The results showed that the extract was able to inhibit 59.5 2.24% DPPH radical while ascorbic acid, -tocopherol, and BHT were able to inhibit 99.4 1.22%, 98.1 3.21%, and 46.8 1.16% at a concentration of 100 g/mL respectively. Furthermore, the ability of

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.854

Poster [A-10-849-1] Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid compounds in Prunus mahaleb L. seed Armin Oskoueiana, Reza Sadrabadi Haghighia, Mahmood Ebrahimib a Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran b Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran E-mail addresses: armin_oskoueian@yahoo.com (A. Oskoueian), rsadrabadi@mshdiau.ac.ir (R.S. Haghighi)

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extract as reducing power showed low inhibition compared to ascorbic acid, -tocopherol, and BHT with values of 53.5 1.51, 93.3 1.13%, 83.7 1.65%, and 93.1 3.46% at a concentration of 100 g/mL respectively. Even though the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was moderate as compared to the positive controls but still it could be applied as a source of natural antioxidant in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and its biological activities could be due to the presence of phenolics and flavonoids as bioactive compounds present in the seed. Keywords: Alhagi maurorum, Antioxidant activity, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Bioactive compounds

Keywords: Ginseng, Lipid profile, hsCRP, Pro-oxidant anti-oxidant balance doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.857

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.856

Poster [A-10-875-1] Cloning of tropinone reductase-II (TR-II) gene in Agrobacterium tumefacience Mitra Parsaab, Ghasemali Garoosia, Raheem Haddada a Department of Biotechnology, International University of Imam Khomein, Iran b Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Applied Science, Shahid Beheshti Univercity, Tehran, Iran E-mail addresses: parsa_mitra2002@yahoo.com (M. Parsa), ghaseali1340@yahoo.com (G. Garoosi), raheemhaddad@yahoo.co.uk (R. Haddad) Introduction: Two tropane alkaloids hyoscine (scopolamine) and hyoscyamine are the valuable medicines, which are extracted from solanaceae plant family such as Hyoscyamus niger. These alkalioids are used for pertussis and chronic bronchitis remedy because of their anti tension pain effects and impression on parasampatic nervous system. In tropane alkaloids synthesis pathway, tropinone as intermediate subestrate is converted to hyoscyamine and hyoscyne by tropinone reductase-I (TR-I), whereas tropinone reductase-II (TR-II) converts it compitantly to calystegines, a nontropand alkaloid. Material and method: In this research to reduce synthesis of TR-II comparative to TR-I enzyme, tr-II gene from Hyoscyamus niger was cloned in anti-sense direction in binary vector and transferred to Agrobacterium tumefacience. In this way, young roots from germinated Hyoscyamus niger seeds on B5 medium were propagated in same liquid medium supplemented with 1 M/L IBA. Following total RNA isolation from proliferated roots, cDNA of interest gene was made and after specific PCR amplification was ligated into pBluescript phagmid. Rcombinant phagmid was transferred to E. coli, strain DH5. Recombinant vector, following extraction from bacteria was confirmed with 3 methods, digestion, PCR and DNA sequencing. Result and conclusion: cDNA sequencing and deduced amino acid sequence of target gene from Iranian native Hyoscyamus niger indicated that it has respectively 99% and 100% similarity with recorded NCBI one's. Subsequently, interest gene was cloned in binary vector pBI121 in anti-sense direction and recombinant vector introduced into Agrobacterium tumefacience strain GV3101. Keywords: Cloning, Hyoscyamine, tr-II gene, Hyoscyamus niger, Tropinone reductase-II doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.858

Poster [A-10-851-1] Effects of ginseng on lipid profile and oxidative stress in dyslipidemic patients Manavifar Mortezaa, Fatehi Hedayatollahb, Hasanzadeh Dalooei Mahdib, Ghayour Mobarhan Majidc, Akhlaghi Saeedd, Amini Marale, Tavallaei Shimaf a Quaem Hospital, Ahmadabad St., Mashhad, Iran b Cardiovascular Research Centre, Quaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran c Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran d Faculty of Biostatistics in Health Sciences School, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran e Young Researchers Club, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran f Bou-Ali Research Centre, Mashhad, Iran E-mail addresses: mmanavifar@yahoo.com (M. Morteza), fatehih@mums.ac.ir (F. Hedayatollah), hasanzadedalooem@mums.ac.ir (H.D. Mahdi), GhayourM@mums.ac.ir (G.M. Majid), akhlaghis1@mums.ac.ir (A. Saeed), aminim1@mums.ac.ir (A. Maral), tavalaiesh1@mums.ac.ir (T. Shima) Introduction: Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). In recent years novel atherosclerotic risk factors also have been denoted like hsCRP and oxidative stress, which can become the target of preventive measures. Some studies have reported positive effect of ginseng on cardiovascular risk factors; although, there have been few studies, especially randomised trials, about its effect on human lipid profile, hsCRP and oxidative stress and the results are inconsistent. This study was designed to determine the effect of ginseng capsules on serum lipids and also on hsCRP and prooxidant anti-oxidant balance (PAB). Materials and methods: This was a double blind randomised clinical trial. Forty patients who were eligible for primary prevention of hyperlipidemia and met the rule in criteria for our study were selected and randomly assigned to case or control group and took ginseng capsules 500 mg twice daily for 8 weeks in case group, or placebo in control group, in addition to life style modification (diet and exercise) in both groups. The results were analysed with Repeated Measures ANOVA. Results: Serum levels of Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-c), Triglyceride(TG), and Total cholesterol to HDL (TC/HDL) ratio were significantly decreased in both groups. But there was no statistically important difference between the two groups for Total cholesterol (p = 0.210), LDL-c (p = 0.245), HDL-c (p = 0.827), TC/HDL ratio (p = 0.427), hsCRP (p = 0.880) and PAB (p = 0.545). Discussion: Nutrition and exercise have positive effects on lipid profile, but ginseng does not improve serum levels of Total cholesterol, LDLc, HDLc, Trigliceride, hsCRP and anti-oxidants.

Poster [A-10-894-1] Dose asafoetida (Ferula assafoetida oleo-gum-resin) extract has relaxant effects on guinea-pig tracheal chains Zahra Gholamnezhada, Mohammad Hossein Boskabadya, Mehrdad Iranshahib, Goltaj Bayramia a Dept. of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran b Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran E-mail addresses: gholamnejadz1@mums.ac.ir (Z. Gholamnezhad), BoskabadyMH@mums.ac.ir (M.H. Boskabady), IranshahiM@mums.ac.ir (M. Iranshahi), goltaj.bairami@yahoo.com (G. Bayrami) Introduction: Ferula assafoetida oleo-gum-resin (asafoetida) has been used as a folk phytomedicine for centuries in asthma treatment