CHC MNG NM MI 2010

IU KHIN T XA CC THIT B IN QUA TIN NHN IN THAI REMOTE CONTROL OF CIVIL ELECTRICAL DEVICES USING SMS
GS.TSKH. THN NGC HON KS. DNG VN TUYN i hc Dn lp Hi phng TS. NGUYN TIN BAN Tm tt iu khin cc thit b in trong nh gi vai tr quan trng trong vic xy dng mt ngi nh thng minh nhm khai thc an ton hiu qu v kinh t. y l mt vn ang c th gii quan tm v pht trin. Vic iu khin cc thit b in trong nh t xa bng tin nhn in thoi di ng l mt ng dng mi ca in thoi. Bi bo ny gii thiu mt thit k s dng tin nhn iu khin thit b in trong nh t xa. Abstract The article deals with problem using SMS to control distantly the electrical device. The article presents a design of software and hardware of motion control of civil electrical device. The device allows control 6 electrical devices in distance by SMS. 1. M u Trong nhng nm gn y, cng vi s pht trin mnh m v kinh t, cng ngh di ng c ng dng rng ri trong rt nhiu lnh vc i sng x hi Nghin cu ng dng cng ngh di ng s dng cho mc ch ngoi thng tin lin lc ang thu ht nhiu nh khoa hc trn th gii cng nh trong nc. Bi bo ny trnh by vic xy dng h thng iu khin t xa cc thit b in trong nh trn cng ngh di ng. H thng gm phn mm trn my tnh nhn, x l cc tin nhn iu khin, v phn cng thc thi cc lnh iu khin . Phn cng xy dng da trn modem GSM Nokia6230 v chip PIC ca hng Microchip. i tng iu khin l cc thit b in gia dng vi mc tiu to thun tin cho ngi dng trong vic bt tt ngun v gim st thit b t gp phn gim thi gian tiu dng in nng, thc hin tit kim in, Thit b iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS thng qua mng in thoi di ng c kh nng phn hi trng thi, kt qu iu khin thit b bng tin nhn phn hi, v t ng gi in cho ngi iu khin khi h thng hon thnh nhim v, to cm gic yn tm cho ngi iu khin. 2. Cng ngh di ng trong cc h thng iu khin gim st trong nc v th gii Trong nhng nm gn y, s pht trin bng n ca cng ngh di ng khin cng ngh di ng khng cn n thun ch dng lin lc m thoi n c ng dng vo rt nhiu lnh vc khc nhau nh: an ninh, gii tr, giao thng vn ti, Do nhng u vit ca in thoi di ng, cc h thng iu khin qua in thoi i ng c nhiu hng sn xut thit b trn th gii ng dng. c im c bn ca cc h thng ny l c s kt hp cht ch gia thit b x l vin thng v cc h thng vi x l. Trn hnh 1 l h thng c bn kt ni qua tin nhn SMS (Short Message System), trong in thoi di ng ngoi tnh nng x l thng tin thng thng th cn c th kt ni vi h thng my tnh. Chng ta coi in thoi u cui l Client v my tnh l Server. Thng tin iu khin c cha trong tin nhn SMS tu tng h thng quy nh, v d nh on10 th c tc dng bt u ra Output 10 bt sng Led hay ng c hoc thit b no c kt ni. Tng t, tin nhn t phn cng Master c th c thit lp v gi tr li thit b u cui cho bit trng thi h thng.

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CHC MNG NM MI 2010

Syst em

Hnh 1. M hnh h thng iu khin qua SMS.

Trong cng nghip, vi trung tm SMS gip ngi s dng truy cp nhanh chng ti cc h thng thng tin thng qua mng nhn tin GSM-SMS. Vi nhng li ch t h thng GSM (khng dy), d liu c th c truy nhp mi ni, mi lc bi bt c ngi s dng no m khng cn c mt tn ni, SMS cng nghip pht trin linh hot nhm kt ni vi cc d liu chun ca Yokogawa Exaquanium (gm Wonderware InSQL, Oracle, SQL) v cc c s d liu khc h tr DDE. Bn cnh cc h thng iu khin s dng tin nhn SMS cn c cc h thng s dng giao thc truyn d liu GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) hoc MMS Ti Vit Nam, cc mng in thoi di ng v ang pht trin vi tc cao. Ngoi vic s dng in thoi di ng cho mc ch lin lc, hin nay nc ta, in thoi di ng cn c s dng vi cc mc ch: + Dch v truy cp internet trn in thoi di ng qua WAP hoc GPRS; + Dch v gii tr d on kt qu trn truyn hnh v cc dch v da trn tin nhn SMS khc; + ng dng cng ngh GSM vo qun l vn hnh giao thng; + ng dng in thoi di ng trong iu khin cc thit b in trong nh. H thng iu khin gim st qua in thoi di ng c hng Siemens v mt s hng khc a vo gii thiu ti nc ta trong nm 2006. c tnh ca cc h thng ny l c kh nng tch hp vi cc thit b iu khin c lp t ca Siemen mt cch ng b. Tuy nhin, n thng ch s dng cho cc ng dng trong cng nghip v gi thnh kh cao [8]. 3. H thng iu khin thit b qua tin nhn H thng iu khin thit b qua tin nhn nhm to kh nng iu khin cc thit b in dn dng qua in thoi di ng. y l vn rt c ngha tit kim in nc ta hin nay. C rt nhiu nguyn nhn khch quan v ch quan dn n lng ph in. Nu c th tch hp kh nng tt, m cc thit b dn dng qua in thoi di ng s to cho con ngi kh nng quan st iu khin cc thit b trong gia nh bt c ni u. Tin ch ny c th gp phn hn ch lng ph in. V d c nc nng chng ta ch cn dng in thoi di ng bt in bnh nng lnh trc 15 pht thay v bt lin tc. 3.1. Cu trc ca h thng H thng c cu to t 2 thnh phn c bn: Thit b u cui (Client) l in thoi di ng, v thit b phn cng nhn, x l tin nhn. Hnh 2 l s khi ca h thng gm: + Thit b u cui - Client Mobile: l in thoi lin lc ca ngi qun l h thng (admin). Admin s s dng in thoi c gn sim c ng k s thu bao trong h thng, nhn tin iu khin. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 8

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 + Thit b phn cng bao gm: Thit b nhn tin nhn (in thoi Nokia6230), my tnh c chy phn mm iu khin v card iu khin.
Thit

Client
Mobile

chp hnh

Mode m GSM

M My tnh
USB

Card iu khin
RS232

Tn hiu phn hi digital Tn hiu phn hi Analog

Khi tin nhn t Admin c gi ti thit b nhn tin nhn, n s c x l qua my tnh, my tnh s truyn cc lnh iu khin trong ni dung tin cho card iu khin bt tt thit b. Cc tn hiu phn hi v trng thi on/off, nhit ca cc thit b lin tc c cp nhp bi Card iu khin, v c th c gi ti Admin nu Admin yu cu.

Hnh 2. S khi h thng.

3.2. Vi iu khin pic16F877A PIC l tn vit tt ca My tnh kh trnh thng minh (Programable Intelligent Computer) do hng General Instrument t tn con vi iu khin u tin l PIC1650. Hng Microchip tip tc pht trin cc dng sn phm ny. Cho n nay, cc sn phm vi iu khin PIC ca Microchip gn 100 loi. Trn hnh 3 l s chn ca Pic16f877A. PIC l mt vi iu khin vi kin trc RISC, s dng microcode n gin t trong ROM, chy mt lnh mt chu k my (4 chu k ca b dao ng). Nh c EEPROM nn PIC to thnh 1 b iu khin vo ra kh trnh, c rt nhiu dng PIC vi hng lot cc m-un ngoi vi tch hp sn (nh USART, PWM, ADC...), vi b nh chng trnh t 512 Word n 32K Word. PIC16F877A l dng PIC ph bin nht, mnh v tnh nng, 40 chn, b nh ln cho hu ht cc ng dng thng thung. Cu trc tng qut PIC16F877A : + 8 K Flash ROM; + 368 bytes RAM; + 256 bytes EEPROM; + 5 Port I/O (A, B, C, D, E), ng vo/ra vi tn hiu iu khin c lp; + 2 b nh thi 8 bit Timer 0 v Timer 2; + 1 b nh thi 16 bit Timer 1, c th hot ng trong c ch tit kim nng lng (Sleep Mode) vi ngun xung clock ngoi; + 2 b CCP, Capture/Compare/PWM - tm gi l: Bt gi / So snh / iu bin xung; + 1 cng song song (Parallel Port) 8 bit vi cc tn hiu iu khin; + Ch tit kim nng lng (Sleep Mode); + Np chng trnh bng cng ni tip ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programing); + Ngun dao ng lp trnh c to bng cng ngh CMOS; + 1 b bin i tng t s (ADC) 10 bit, 8 ng vo; + 2 b so snh tng t (Comparator); + 1 b nh thi gim st (WDT Watch Dog Timer); + 35 tp lnh c di 14 bit; + Tn s hot ng ti a l 20 MHz; + 1 cng ni tip (Serial Port); Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 9

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 + 15 ngun ngt (Interrupt).

Hnh 3. S chn ca PIC16F877A.

3.3. Modem Nokia 6230 in thoi di ng (TD) cn c bit ti nh mt modem khng dy hay GSM Modem, do chng ta hon ton c th iu khin c TD qua tp lnh AT do Vin Tiu Chun Vin Thng Chu u (EuropeanTelecommunication Standards Institute - ETSI) a ra. Trong phm vi bi bo ny, tc gi s dng in thoi di ng Nokia 6230 lm modem cho m hnh. Modem 6230 l in thoi c h tr cc tp lnh AT cho vic truy cp vo my c, gi tin nhn . Modem6230 cho php giao tip vi my tnh thng qua ng truyn USB (qua cp d liu DKU2), h tr cc tp lnh AT cho vic truy cp vo modem v c tc gi tin nhn nhanh. V modem ch h tr giao tip qua ng USB nn vic giao tip trc tip vi vi iu khin gp kh khn do ch c th giao tip c thng qua my tnh iu khin v gim st. Khi gn cp ni DKU2 vo modem v my tnh th i hi my tnh phi ci driver ca modem mi s dng c. Sau khi ci driver, my tnh s to ra 1 cng com o, v mi vic giao tip vi modem s thng qua cng com ny. 3.4. Cu trc ca tin nhn truy cp vo b nh trong sim cho vic c, gi tin nhn, phi s dng tp lnh AT. Lnh giao tip lun bt u bng chui AT v kt thc bng k t <CR> (gi tr 13 trong bng m ACCII). Thng tin tr v t modem lun c bt u v kt thc bi 2 k t i km <CR><LF>(gi tr 13 v 10 trong m ACCII). - Nu lnh truyn cho module khng ng chui ERROR s c tr v. - Nu lnh truyn i ng nhng thng s b sai th chui +CME ERROR : <Err> hoc +CME ERROR : <SmsErr> tr v vi li code. - Nu lnh truyn i ng v thnh cng th chui OK s c tr v - Khi mt tin nhn c gi ti modem chng ta s s dng lnh sau c tin: AT+CMGF=1<CR> AT+CMGL=REC UNREAD<CR> Trong lnh : AT+CMGF=1<CR> set modem sang ch textmod, l ch c tin nhn dng text, nu khng s dng lnh ny th mc nh modem s tr v tin nhn dang Binary lc phi gii m chui Binary. Tp ch Khoa hc Cng ngh Hng hi S 21 01/2010 10

CHC MNG NM MI 2010 Lnh AT+CMGL=REC UNREAD<CR> l lnh c tin nhn vi nhng tin mi nht, y ta ch quan tm ti nhng tin nhn mi nht, cc tin c c th s khng c hin vi lnh ny. Sau khi s dng 2 lnh trn modem s tr v cho my tnh 1 chui tin nhn c cu trc nh sau: +CMGL: <V TR TIN NHN>, "REC UNREAD", "<S in thoi gi>", <ngy gi>, <CR><LF>, <ni dung tin nhn> OK - Modem6230 ch h tr ti 40 tin nhn c trong mc inbox ca my, nu vt qu con s ny th mc d bn thn modem vn nhn c tin nhn gi n , nhng khi s dng lnh trn c tin nhn s khng c tc dng. V vy mi khi c tin nhn xong, ta phi xa tin nhn i trnh trng hp vt qu s lng tin nhn cho php. Cu trc lnh xa tin nhn: AT+CMGD=<v tr tin nhn c lu trong my><CR> - Lnh gi tin nhn phn hi: AT+CMGS=<Sinthoi><CR>[Ni dung tin nhn]<Ctrl+Z> - Lnh gi in : ATD<s in thoi cn gi>;<CR> - Lnh kt thc cuc gi : AT+CHUP<CR> Nh vy, vi tp lnh AT ta hon ton c th truy cp vo in thoi di ng iu khin. ng vi mi loi in thoi c th s c tp lnh AT tng ng vi Modull bn trong in thoi v do cc hng quy nh khc nhau. Trong phm vi bi ny, tc gi s dng cc lnh trn cho cc modem GSM ca hng Nokia, v vy n c th c s dng hu ht cc in thoi ca hng Nokia. 4. Thit k phn cng, phn mm h thng iu khin cc thit b in trong nh H Thng iu khin cc thit b in trong nh qua tin nhn SMS c phn thnh 3 khi (Hnh 4). + Khi nhn tin nhn SMS (in thoi di ng) Thit b nhn tin nhn SMS c s dng l modem Nokia 6230. Modem kt ni vi my tnh qua cp truyn USB (DKU-2). s dng c modem, my tnh cn phi ci t driver ca cp DKU-2 c trong CD i km vi cp. Modem c nhim v nhn tin nhn n v truyn ni dung tin nhn cho my tnh.

Nhn tin nhn SMS

X l tin nhn

iu khin thit b

Hnh 4. S khi ca h thng.

+ Khi chng trnh x l tin nhn (My tnh v phn mm): Phn mm c nhim v: X l ni dung tin nhn c trong modem, truyn lnh iu khin cho khi iu khin thit b, trnh din thng tin v trng thi thit b ln giao din chnh v a ra lnh tng tc vi tin nhn v lnh gi thoi cho modem. + Khi iu khin thit b (Vi iu khin): Khi ny bao gm mch iu khin, v mch ng lc c nhim v: iu khin ng m thit b in trong nh, thu thp thng tin v trng thi ng m, nhit ca cc thit b.

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CHC MNG NM MI 2010 4.1. Thit k card iu khin Do Vi iu khin Pic16f877A tch hp sn b chuyn i ADC 10 bit do ta s s dng cc chn u vo analog (AN0-AN7) lm cc chn o nhit ca cc thit b. Cc chn t D0-D6 s lm 7 chn u ra iu khin. Cc chn t B0-B6 s lm 7 chn u vo biu hin cho trng thi ng m ca 7 thit b in. Ngoi ra Vi iu khin PIC 16f877A cn cho php s dng nhiu cng giao tip bng cch set cc chn RXD v TXD tng ng (Multi RS232). Nh vy ta c th m rng c cng giao tip RS232 s dng cho mc ch m rng u vo/ra thit b. Cc chn ca portC c set lm cng giao tip RS232 l cc chn: RC4, RC5: giao tip vi modun m rng. RC6, RC7 s giao tip vi my tnh nhn tn hiu iu khin t my tnh. Cc cng giao tip ny c tc : 9600 baud, 8bit chn l, 1 bit stop. Ngun cp cho vi iu khin l ngun +5V, v n nh, mch ngun s dng IC n p 7805, c u ra ngun +5V, u vo J9 c mc in p l +12V, cc t C7 (0.1uF), C8 (0.33uF) l cc t lc loi tr nhiu cho vi iu khin (H.5) Tn hiu RS232 t cng com ca my tnh c mc in p l: +12V v -12V (mc 0 v 1). Tuy nhin tn hiu RS232 t PIC16f877A li c mc in p: 0V (mc 0), 5V (mc 1). thc hin kt ni cn phi chuyn i gia 2 mc in p ny. Hnh 6 l s mch lin kt gia my tnh vi Vi iu khin PIC16f877A. IC Max232 trong s s thc hin vic chuyn i chun RS232 ca my tnh sang TLL, in p u vo s b i mc u ra. C th: p ra chn 7 l +12V th chn 10 (ng vo ca chn 7) p s l 0V, ngc li nu p chn 7 l -12V th ti chn 10 p s l 5V, tng t vi chn 8 v 9 ca MAX232, khi p chn 8 l +12V th tai chn 9 p s l 0V, nu ti chn 8 p vo l -12V th chn 9 p l 5V. 2 in tr R2, R3 c tc dng lm tng tr khng ca mch, trnh gy hng cng RS232 ca my tinh do chm chp trong qu trnh ghp ni. S nguyn l mch iu khin c th hin trn hnh 7. 4.2. Thit k mch ng lc Mch ng lc c tc dng ng m Role cp ngun 220V cho cc thit b in gia dng. Hnh 8 l s nguyn l mch ng lc. Tn hiu u ra t cc chn ca vi iu khin c mc in p +5V s c khuych i ng m cho Role 12V qua IC UNL2003A.

Hnh 5. S mch ngun cho vi iu khin

Hnh 6.S mch giao tip RS232

phn hi trng thi on/off ca thit b, trong nghin cu ny tc ga s dng tip im u ra ca Rle to tn hiu phn hi trang thi, khi Rle c chn l loi Rle 8 chn, c mc in p u vo cun ht l 12V, in p tip im l 220V xoay chiu. Mt tip im u ra dng lm cng tc ng m cp ngun cho diode ghp quang, to ra tn hiu phn hi cho vi iu khin, bo thit b c cp ngun. Tip im th 2 dng ng ct ngun cho thit b.

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CHC MNG NM MI 2010 Cc u vo IN(1B-7B) ca UNL2003A c ni vi cc chn D0-D6 ca vi iu khin. Cc u phn hi tn hiu Back c ni vi cc chn B0-B6 ca Vi iu khin.

Hnh 7. S nguyn l mch iu khin.

(ng tip k sau) Ngi phn bin: PGS.TS. Phm Ngc Tip

Hnh 8. S nguyn l mch ng lc.

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