Jehannah Dayanara B.

Hayudini 2BSN-A

SELF EFFICACY THEORY

Self-Efficacy Theory Developed from a social-cognitive perspective, the self-efficacy theory is based on a persons expectations relative to a specific course of action (Bandura, 1977a, 1977b, 1986, 1997). It is a predictive theory in the sense that it deals with the belief that one can accomplish a specific behavior. It is a determinant of motivation. The stronger someones belief in his or her ability to accomplish something, the more effort the person will exert to learn it and the longer he or she will persevere (Bandura, 1989).

Determinants of expected outcomes using self-efficacy perceptions. MODE OF INDUCTION SOURCE OF EFFICACY INFORMATION

Participant Modeling Performance Desensitization Performance Exposure Self-Instructed Performance Live Modeling Symbolic Modeling

Performance Accomplishment

Vicarious Experiences
Cognitive Processes Competency Perceptions

Expected Outcomes
Effort

Suggestion Exhortation Self-Instruction Interpretive Treatments

Persistence

Verbal Persuasion

Attribution Relaxation Biofeedback Symbolic Desensitization Symbolic Exposure

Emotional Arousal

According to Bandura (1986, 1997), self-efficacy is cognitively appraised and processed through the following four principal sources of information:

1. Performance accomplishments refers to learning that occurs through personal mastery of a particular skill or task. Accomplishments attained through personal mastery are the most powerful sources of efficacy expectations (Bandura, 1977). 2. Vicarious experiences or learning through observation. People increase their belief in their own ability to perform a specific behavior when they watch someone else perform the behavior. The people or events being observed are called models (Strecher et al., 1986) 3. Verbal persuasion involves acting as the coach and providing encouragement (Glanz et al., 2002). Learners may need to be encouraged to continue trying to master the targeted behavior. 4. Emotional arousal- Our own responses and emotional reactions to situations also play an important role in selfefficacy. Moods, emotional states, physical reactions, and stress levels can all impact how a person feels about their personal abilities in a particular situation.