Physics 1 (Assignment 1)

1 A weight suspended from a spring extends it by x = 9.8cm. What will be the oscillation period of the weight when it is pushed gently in the vertical direction? The logarithmic decrement is equal to = 3.1 [ans: T = 0.70sec] 2 Find the quality factor of an oscillator whose displacement amplitude decreases by a factor = 2.0 every n = 110 oscillations. [ans: Q = 500] 3 A particle is displaced from the equilibrium position by a distance l = 1.0cm and then left alone. What is the distance that the particle covers till its oscillations die down, if the logarithmic decrement is equal to = 0.020? [ans: s = 2m nearly] 4 Find the quality factor of a simple pendulum of length l = 50 cm if during the time interval = 5.2minutes its total mechanical energy decreases by a factor = 4.0104 . [ans: Q = 1.3 102 ] 5 A spring mass system has an undamped time period T0 = 2seconds. It is then subject to critical damping. The mass is pulled to one side and then released from rest at t = 0. Find the time in seconds, (0 < < ), at which the damping force exactly balances the spring force. [ans: = 1second] 6 A particle of mass m can perform undamped harmonic oscillations about a point x = 0, with a natural frequency 0 . At the moment t = 0, when the particle is in equilibrium, a force Fx = F0 cost along the x axis is applied to it. Find the law of forced oscillations x(t) of the particle. F0 [ans: x = 2 m 2 (cos0t cost)] 0 7 A particle of mass m can perform undamped harmonic oscillations due to an elastic restoring force with a spring constant k. When the particle is in equilibrium, a constant force F is applied to it for seconds. Find the amplitude of oscillation of the particle after the force ceases. k 2F [ans: a = ( ) | sin(0 /2) |, where 0 = ] k m

8 A forced harmonic oscillator has equal displacement amplitude at the frequencies 1 = 400s1 and 2 = 600s1 . Find the resonance frequency at which the displacement amplitude is maximum. [ans: res = 5.1 102 s1 ] 9 The velocity amplitude of a particle is equal to half its maximum value at frequencies 1 and 2 of an external harmonic force. Find: (a) The frequency corresponding to the velocity resonance; (b) The damping coefcient and the damped oscillation frequency of the particle. [ans: (a) 0 = 1 2 ; (b) =| 1 2 | /2 3, = 1 2 [(1 2 )2 /12]] 10 A mass m = 50g is suspended by a massless spring with a spring constant = 20.0N/m. The mass performs steady state vertical oscillations of amplitude a = 1.3cm due to an external harmonic force of frequency = 25.0s1 . The displacement lags behind the force by an angle = (3/4). Find: (a) the quality factor of the given oscillator; (b) the work performed by the external force in one oscillation. [ans: (a) Q = 2.2 (b) W = 6mJ] 11 A mass m suspended by a massless spring performs vertical oscillations with a damping coefcient . Its natural frequency is 0 . The mass performs vertical oscillations in the steady state due to an external vertical harmonic force varying as F = F0 cost. Find: (a) the mean power < P > developed by the force in one cycle; (b) the frequency at which < P > is maximum and the value of its maximum average power < P >max . F2 F 2 2 /m ; (b) = 0 , < P >max = 0 ] [ans: (a) < P >= 2 0 2 2 4 m (0 ) + 4 2 2