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11/8/2011

Ethiopian Water Resources Potential & Development of Ethiopia


By ABITI GETANEH GEBREMESKEL abitigetaneh@yahoo.com, abitiyeshi@gmail.com +251116636916 Office +2511166636927 Fax +251911670313 Mobile

Ministry of Water and Energy IWW NWP


October 31st November 4, 2011, The Netherlands

Presentation outline
Country Profile Water Resources Potentials Cu e t a d a ed eve op e t og a s Current and Planned Development Programs Water Supply Irrigation Development Hydropower Development Possible Area of Cooperation

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Located in the Horn of Africa, Ethiopia is a landlocked country of some 1,104,300km2. The capital Addis Ababa lies in the central highlands at an altitude of 2,300m. (you may feel breathless). HQ for AU is also in Addis Ababa

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Current Structure of the MoWE -Ethiopia


The Ministry is divided in to two broad division (State Ministerial level) Technical Irrigation & Drainage Development Water Supply & Sanitation River Basins Development Transboundary & Transboundary Rivers Water Resources Information & GeoDatabase Center Ground Water Development Gender Hydrology and Water Quality Monitoring R&D (Water and Energy) Alternative Energy development, promotion Supportive pp Water sector support Planning, Policy and External Relation Finance and Administration Water Rights and Permission Public Relation & Information

Total of 32 Different sections/Directorates

Mapofbasinsandsubbasins

9wet,3dry

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SURFACE WATER POTENTIAL OF ETHIOPIA

ETHIOPIA HAS 12 RIVER BASINS


9 Wet & 3 Dry Annual Runoff from the 9 River Basins 122BM3 (Abbay 53%, Baro Akobo 24%) (ABBAY and BARO-AKOBO CONTRIBUTE 77%) Omo-Ghibe 18% The Remaining other River Basins contributes <10% Groundwater Potential of the country is estimated around 40 BM3 Population Distribution Vs Countrys Water Potential

Basin Name
Wabi shebelle Abbay Genale Dawa Awash Tekeze Denakil Ogaden g OmoOmoGhibe BaroBaroAkobo Rift Valley Lakes Mereb Aysha

Type
R R R R R D D R R L R D

Source
Bale Highland West, Southwest HL Bale Highland Central Highland North Wollo Highland North Wollo Highland NF Central, Western HL Western Highland Arsi and Central HL Adigirat HL NF

Area (km (km )


202220 199912 172259 110000 82350 64380 77120 79000 75912 52000 5900 2223

Directio n of Flow
East West (Nile) East North-east NorthWest Nile() NF NF South West (Nile) South West (Nile ) NF

Annual runoff (BM3)


4.6 52.6 5.8 4.6 7.6 0.86 17.90 23.6 0.26 -

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Four Major Drainage Systems:


The Nile basin (including Abbay or Blue Nile, Baro-Akobo, Setit-Tekeze/Atbara and Mereb) covers 33 percent of the country and drains the northern and central parts westwards; The Rift Valley (including Awash, Denakil, Omo-Gibe and Central Lakes) covers 28 percent of the country;

The Shebelli-Juba basin (including Wabi-Shebelle and GenaleDawa) covers 33 percent of the country and drains the southeastern mountains towards Somalia and the Indian Ocean;

The North-East Coast (including the Ogaden and Gulf of Aden basins) covers 6 percent of the country.

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Basin Management
Status/ plans
Need for area/ basin approaches acknowledged and several initiatives have started by the Regional States: Growth corridor and water centered area development and integrated land use planning In 2008 the Ethiopian parliament ratified the River Basin Proclamation identifying twelve main basins and calling for the establishment of River Basin High Councils and Authorities ee O u c o a (but o e y strong) ee Three RBO functional (bu not very s o g) three others in the pipeline current arrangements appear unwieldy

Current/ future issues


Current plans for large commercial farming, sugar development and hydropower and climate change discussion makes basin management very important The need for hands-on support with focus on active water resource development what is to be avoided is to narrow this down to the strengthening of RBOs as it is not sure whether these are more than peripheral and topheavy on activities such as monitoring and studies.

GTP gives more priority to basin management

Need to also operationalize basin management as model/ building block for international cooperation too

EthiopianWaterSectorDevelopment Programs
PriorityinGrowthandTransformationPlan y MassiveinvestmentplannedbyGoE:
Hydropower:RenaissanceDam Hydropower:Otherdams Sugardevelopment Deepgroundwaterexploration Watercentereddevelopmentofpastoralistareas

Watersupply,hygieneandsanitationalsoimportant.

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Water Resources Development Programs


Annual Targets

Work Description W kD i ti

Base Year (2010) 2011 2012 80 95 81 16 2013 2014 2015 86 97 87 14 92 99 93 12 100 100 100 10

Rural Water Supply Coverage (%) Urban Water Supply Coverage (%) National Water Supply Coverage (%) Non Functional Water Schemes (%)

65.8 91.5 68.5 20

73 93 75 18

Irrigation Development
Status/ plans
Limited large scale irrigation on Awash/ Abay g y g g Land concession given out many emerging NRM/ sustainable production issuesIncrease to 1,500,000 ha in five years (GTP) then to 5,000,000 ha in 20 yrs Large attention for ground water irrigation

Current/ future issues


Drainage and irrigation design System management challenge y g g Farmer skills Drainage problems

Sugar Development Plan: - Sugar production (50%) and other outputs (50%) 13 -13 sugar factories planned -Omo: 6 Each supplied by 20-25000 ha -9 under Sugar Development Board -Forex issues

Water allocation issues NR management issues

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400000

800000

1200000

1600000

Eritrea
1600000
Mereb R.

Legend
Towns
Y #
# Y
# Y

R e d

1600000

MEREB
# Y # Y
Axum

# Y Adigrat

Irrgation Sites
Capital City Rigional Town Zonal town Trunk Road Link Road Main Access Road

In da Si la se

Tekeze River Basin


Designed potential

S e

Jama

Te ke ze R.

Gheba R.

N
Goa ng
Rahad R.

Meke le

Y #

TEKEZE
R.
Go nd ar

L. Afrera

Ts era re
Maych ew

Roads

Wabishebele irrgation

DAM
Irrgation NIL Reservior

# Y

# Y

Sekota

# Y

DENAKIL
Logiya R.

Rivers
Main River River

Sudan
R di r Din

L,Tana
# Y Deb re Tabor # Y

Genale Dawa River Basin


Not recommended PFS recommended Recommended for Master Plan

Wel diya

A wash R.

Y # Bahi r Da r
Be les R.
D ur a R .

Ayisa ita

Y #

L. Gamari L. AfambiaDjibouti L. Abe

Lake International Boundary Basin Boundary

Ab ba
# Y
Enjebara

y R.

120000 00

# Des sie Y # Y Bor kena R.


Kemi se

Omo Gibe River Basin


Existing

12 200000

Dry Lake D L k

AYSHA

Baro River Basin


Potentional Irrgation

rR .

ABBAY
Dabus R.

Bir

Debre Ma rkos

# Y

Y #

Asosa

L Gedebasa
# Y
Fi che

Awash River Basin AWASH

L Hartale
# Y Deb re Be rhan

Dev
Shinil e

# Y

Mu r ge R.

Dire Dawa

Y #
Jiji ga

New Y # Har er
Gobele

L. Fincha
# Y
Gi mbi

#Nek emte Y

Ambo

# Y

L Aba Samuel
# Y Nazr et

Y #

Addi s Aba ba

Kebera R. sem Kes

Y #
. rR re Je n R. fe Fa

Abbay River Basin

Somalia

Existing Irrigable Area Potentional Irrgation Under Constraction and Design

# Asbe TeferiY

e Did

R leti Ga

R. sa

Erer

Geba R.
Ga mbe la Bar o R.# Y Metu

# Y

# Wel kite

L. Koka
# L. ZiwayAsel a Y

Mojo

R eb

u R.

.
. eR W ab

Fi q

# Y

Daketa R.

# Y

Deg eh B ur

Gilo

BARO AKOBO
R.
Gojeb R.
Jimma

el G # Y Gilg

R. ibe
# Y Hos aena

800000

L. Langeno L. Shala

Tir R.

OGADEN
800000

OMO GIBE
Zign aR .
Mizan

Woy bo R

.
Bila te R .

# Y

Y # L. Awassa

Awas a

# Y Robe

WABI SHEBELE
# Y Kebr ida ha r

L.Abaya
oR .

#Dilla Y

Be rs

Sudan
O Omo R.

N er i R.

M en a
# L. Chamo Y
Gi do le Kele

# Y a Jink

Wab eYSh #
Go de El-Ke re

0
eb el e R.

70

140

210 Kilometers

Awat a

Soya ma RIFT VALLY # Y

# Y

# Y

1:5000000

Negel e

e nal Ga

Segen R.

# Y

GENALE DAWA
Da wa R.

Somalia

R.

Chew Bahir L. Turkana

Fe de ra l Dem o crat ic R ep ublic of E t hiopia M inis tr y of W at er & E ner gy

Kenya
400000

Water Resources Information GIS & Remote sensing Team

400000

Uganda

Master Plan Studies Irrigation Sites


Scale
0 400000 800000 1200000 1:5000000

D ate
1600000

Hydropower Development

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R D

201

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Silent Features of the GR Dam


The project site is located in the Benishangul Gumuz National Regional State Approximately 700 km from Addis It is on the main Abbay River Power 5250 MW, 15130 MWH Total duration of the project 78 months Around 44 month two unit will be operational producing 700 MW

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continued The preparation for construction takes 1 year


Salini is th S li i i the main contractor for the Dam i t t f th D Electromechanical and Hydraulic structures will be Design and installation by The national Defense Metal Engineering Corporation Dam height 145 m Volume 63 Bm3 which is RD = 2X Lake Tana capacity Bm3, In terms of firm energy production it is the 1st from Africa
The total cost for construction is estimated from 70 80 B ETB

National benefit of the dam


Sustainable power supply Fish production Create Job opportunities for 10,000

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Benefits to down stream countries


The DSC are Sudan and Egypt gyp
Carbon free energy at reasonable low cost Flood control The dam will regulated the annual flow of the river and improve the supply of water to the DSC indicating the assurance of avoidance of drought, increases productivity of irrigated agriculture in the DSC Reducing the silt accumulation on the DS dams Due to the climatic conditions of the dam in the basin it will reduce the evaporation loss than the dams at Sudan and Egypt

National and down stream countries benefits


After the completion of the project the economic and political p p j p tie among east African countries will be improved
Specially the three countries people will be strong in economic relations

Water rather source of conflict to mutual cooperation

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11/8/2011

ChallengesofWaterDevelopmentin Ethiopia
Challengeofsecuringfinances ChallengeofreduceFOREXcomponent Lackoftrainedmanpoweraspertheneedofthesector (notonthesamerate)
StudyandDesign Construction Constructionsupervision System management and opertional challenge

Possible Areas of Cooperation


Investment Potentials
Development Service provisions (Material Provisions and Consultancy)

Technical Cooperation
Continuation of the current Activities Establishment of Basin and/or Regional Water quality g q y Laboratories (Supply of scientific equipments, training of technicians expert inputs etc) On National Fluorosis Mitigation Program

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Added Value for Intensified Water Program


WaterishighpriorityinEthiopia
Maincontributortoeconomicgrowthandtoimproved livelihoods

WaterishighpriorityinDutchaid Thereiscriticalmassofongoingactivities(though scattered) ImportantopportunitiesforDutchwatersector I i i f D h EthiopiaasgatewaytoWaterAfrica

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