Rr410207 Electrical Distribution Systems

Code No: RR410207 Set No.
1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. Examine the present trend for the future distribution system planning. [16]
2. (a) Explain how the load growth in a distribution system can be obtained. [8]
(b) A distribution substation experiences an annual peak load of 3,500 kW. The
total annual energy supplied to the primary feeder circuits is 107 kW h. Find
i. the annual average power [4]
ii. the annual load factor [4]
3. (a) How do you apply the concept of ABCD constants to radial feeders. [8]
(b) Derive an equation for receiving end voltage. [8]
4. How do you analyse a substation service area with ‘n’ primary feeders. [16]
5. Consider the singe phase radial distributor shown in the following figure 5
Figure 5
the magnitude of load currents, p.fs and distances are indicated in the figure. The
resistance and reactance of each wire are 0.1 ohm and 0.2ohms per km respectively.
It is required to maintain voltage at point B as 2306 00 Volts, find
(a) voltage drop in the three sections

(b) total voltage drop in the feeder
(c) supply voltage, current and power factor
(d) KVA output of supply
The p.f. angles of individual loads are w.r.t. voltage at point B. [4 × 4]
6. (a) Explain the principle of operation of circuit Re closure. [7]

(b) Explain the coordination procedure between two fuses. [9]
7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. [6]
1 of 2
Code No: RR410207 Set No. 1
(b) A 3-phase substation transformer has a name plate rating of 7250KVA and a
thermal capability of 120% of the name plate rating. If the connected load is
8816KVA with a 0.85pf lagging p.f., determine the following :
i. The KVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the
KVA load of the transformer to its capability level. [6]
ii. The power factor of the corrected level [4]
8. (a) Write short notes on any two methods of voltage control? [3+3=6]
(b) “Voltage control and p.f. correction why are they necessary in power systems?
What are the disadvantages of low voltage and low p.f. of the system? [5+3+2]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2. (a) What is meant by the term load? How loads can be classified? [2+2]
(b) Define: Demand, load duration curve and Annual load duration curve.[2+2+2]
(c) Explain how maximum demand and average demand can be obtained from
daily demand variation curve. [3+3]
3. (a) What are the various factors that influence the voltage levels in the design
and operation of the distribution system? [5+5]
(b) A 3 phase radial express feeder has a line to line voltage of 22.0 kv at the
receiving end, a total impedance of 5.25 + j10.95Ω/phase, and a load of 5
MW with a lagging power factor of 0.90. Determine the following:
i. The line to neutral and line to line voltages at the sending end.
ii. The load angle. [2+2+2=6]
5. (a) Derive an approximate voltage-drop equation of primary feeder and give the
condition for load power factor at which voltage drop is maximum. [6+4=10]
(b) Consider a single-phase, 2-wire secondary distributor of length ‘l’ meters from
the distribution transformer. At a length of ‘l1′ meters from source, a load of
‘I1′ amps with a p.f. of cos φ1 (lag) is tapped. At a length of ‘l2 meters from
first load, a second load of I2 amps with a power factor cos φ2 (lead) is taped.
At a length of ‘l3′ meters from second load, a third load of ‘I3′ amps with a UPF
is tapped. If resistance and reactance of each wire are r and x ohms/meter
respectively, derive approximate voltage drop equation in the distributor. [6]
6. (a) What are the main objectives of distribution protection? Discuss. [4+6]
(b) The per unit values of positive, negative and zero sequence reactances of a
network at fault are 0.08, 0.07 and 0.05 respectively. Determine the fault
current if the fault is double line to ground. [6]

1 of 2
8. (a) Write short notes on any two methods of voltage control? [3+3=6]
(b) “Voltage control and p.f. correction why are they necessary in power systems?
What are the disadvantages of low voltage and low p.f. of the system? [5+3+2]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
1. Draw a block diagram in flow chart form for a typical distribution system planning
process and explain the techniques for distribution planning. [6+10]
2. (a) Discuss the effect of load factor and diversity factor on the cost of generation
in a power system. [4+4]
(b) Assume that the annual peak-load input to a primary feeder is 2000 kW. The
total copper loss at the time of peak-load is 100 kW. The total annual energy
supplied to the sending end of the feeder is 5.61 × 106 kW H. Determine
i. the annual loss factor [4]
ii. the total annual copper loss energy and its value at Rs.1.5 per kWh. [4]
3. Draw the one line diagram of radial type primary feeder and mention the factors
that influences the selection of primary feeder. [6+10]
5. (a) Derive an approximate voltage-drop equation of primary feeder and give the
condition for load power factor at which voltage drop is maximum. [6+4=10]
(b) Consider a single-phase, 2-wire secondary distributor of length ‘l’ meters from
the distribution transformer. At a length of ‘l1′ meters from source, a load of
‘I1′ amps with a p.f. of cos φ1 (lag) is tapped. At a length of ‘l2 meters from
first load, a second load of I2 amps with a power factor cos φ2 (lead) is taped.
At a length of ‘l3′ meters from second load, a third load of ‘I3′ amps with a UPF
is tapped. If resistance and reactance of each wire are r and x ohms/meter
respectively, derive approximate voltage drop equation in the distributor. [6]

1 of 2
8. (a) Why we need to control the voltage of power system? Explain in detail. [8]
(b) Compare and explain the role of shunt and series capacitor in voltage control.
[4+4]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2. (a) Discuss the effect of load factor and diversity factor on the cost of generation
in a power system. [4+4]
(b) Assume that the annual peak-load input to a primary feeder is 2000 kW. The
total copper loss at the time of peak-load is 100 kW. The total annual energy
supplied to the sending end of the feeder is 5.61 × 106 kW H. Determine
i. the annual loss factor [4]
ii. the total annual copper loss energy and its value at Rs.1.5 per kWh. [4]
3. Derive the equations for voltage drop and power loss in a radial feeder with uni-
formly distributed load. [8+8]
5. (a) In terms of resistance and reactance of the circuit, derive the equation for load
power factor for which voltage drop is minimum. [6]
(b) An unbalanced 3-phase star connected load is connected to a balanced 3-
phase, 4-wire source. The load impedances ZR , ZY and ZB are given as ,
706 300 , 856 − 400 and 506 350 ohms per phase respectively and the phase ‘R’
line voltage has an effective value of 13.8 KV. Use the line to neutral voltage
of phase ‘R’ as the reference and determine the line and neutral currents and
total real and reactive powers. [6+4=10]

8. (a) Why we need to control the voltage of power system? Explain in detail. [8]
1 of 2
(b) Compare and explain the role of shunt and series capacitor in voltage control.
[4+4]
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆
2 of 2

Rr410207 Electrical Distribution Systems

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Rr410207 Electrical Distribution Systems

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Code No: RR410207 Set No.

(a) voltage drop in the three sections

6. (a) Explain the principle of operation of circuit Re closure. [7]

7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. [6]

7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. [6]

7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. [6]

7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. [6]

You might also like