Tupolev Tu - 154 2012

{ABANDONED PROJECT OF AIR CRAFT assignment} Type of air craft- Tupolev TU 154

Name :MUHAMMAD AZANI BIN BAHARUDDIN Matrix ID: AB8120105B Class : 8-2 Teacher : Sir Hazrin Nordin

Tupolev Tu - 154 2012

Tupolev Tu 154 was design in 1960s. There were many type of Tu 154 air craft was made by Soviet Union/Russia. The type of Tu 154 air craft is Tu 154M, Tu-155, Tu-154A ,Tu-154B-2,Tu-154B, Tu-154B-1, Tu-154B-2, Tu-154S, Tu-154M, Tu-154M-LK-1, Tu-154M-100. However only setence type of Tu 154 still use and can fly. The other was abandoned because of a lot of technical problem with the air craft and did not get pass from EUROPEAN AVIATION SAFETY AGENCY (EASA).

I will explain about basic or standard Tupolev Tu 154. This is because all the air craft type Tu-154 made by Russia use the same design and engine that was design in 1960s. However , nowadays Tu-154 air craft that still use has been upgrade a lot to make sure it will pas to fly and safety.

INFORMATION ABOUT Tupolev TU-154 :

National origin: Soviet Union/Russia Manufacturer: Designer: First flight: Introduction: Tupolev Tupolev Design Bureau 4 October 1968 February 7, 1972; 40 years ago (Aeroflot)

Status: Out of production, In service Primary users: Produced: Number built: Unit cost: Utair,Yakutia Airlines,Alrosa Mirny Air Enterprise,Tajik Air 19682011[1] 1025 $45 million[citation needed] .

Tupolev Tu - 154 2012

DESIGN TU-154 was the latest design by Russia at that time and it was the best met Aeroflot's anticipated requirements for the 1970s and 1980s.

DESIGN DETAIL:

Measurement Cockpit crew

Tu-154B-2 Three/Four

Tu-154M

Seating capacity 114180 Length 48.0 metres (157 ft 6 in) Wingspan Wing area 37.55 metres (123 ft 2 in) 201.5 square metres (2,169 sq ft)

Height 11.4 metres (37 ft 5 in) Maximum take-off weight 98,000 kilograms (220,000 lb) 100,000 kilograms (220,000 lb) kilograms (220,000 lb) 104,000 kilograms (230,000 lb) Empty weight 50,700 kilograms (112,000 lb) 55,300 kilograms (122,000 lb) 102,000

Maximum speed 950 km/h (510 kn) Range fully loaded Range with max fuel Service ceiling Engine (x 3) 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) 3,900 kilometres (2,400 mi) 5,280 kilometres (3,280 mi) 6,600 kilometres (4,100 mi)

12,100 metres (39,700 ft) Kuznetsov NK-8-2U Soloviev D-30KU-154 103 kN (23,148 lbf) each[34]

Max. thrust (x 3) 90 kN (20,000 lbf) each[34]

Tupolev Tu - 154 2012

POLITIC FACTORS ABANDONED Russia's Federal Transport Oversight Agency advised airlines to stop using remaining examples of the Tu-154 (B variant) until the fatal fire incident in Surgut had been investigated. The Ministry of Russia need to stop build Tu-154 because the flight was banned. Tu-154 did not have missil alert on the air craft radar. The reason for the Tu-154 was abandoned because of tragedy in Ukraine. Ukraine army launch a missile to the Tu-154 because of politic crisis between Russia and Ukraine. Tu-154 air craft could not give any command or respond to the air flight controler about the missile because the air craft does not have missile detector radar system.

FINANCIAL FACTOR

Due to the financial factor, it take a lot of money to upgrade or repair Tu-154 to make sure the air craft pass all EASA condition to fly. The basic design of Tu-154 have a lot of disadvantage that will make the air craft not safe to fly. It only have two emergency exit door while EASA need at least four emergency exit door for the big type an air craft. Many air lines like to buy new flight to reduce their company cost than buy Tu-154 that need to be upgrade and repair. Other than that, Russia air craft company could not have their spare part for Tu-154 because of many air craft component factory stop produce spare part for Tu-154. If Russia still want to build Tu-154 .they need to order with setence air craft component factory with high value of cost. So the project of Tu-154 has been abandoned by the goverment.

CRASH INVOLVE BY TU-154 This is some old and new information about air crash involve by Tu-154

(dd.mm.yyyy) 19.02.1973 03.1973 n.d. 07.05.1973 10.07.1974 01.06.1976 1976

Tail number CCCP-85023 near Kiev CCCP-85030 SU-AXB Cairo CCCP-85102 Kiev

Location Fatalities

Brief description

Prague 66/100 Landed 470 m short of the runway 0/n.d. Crashed 0/6 Crashed during training flight

Vnukovo 6/6

Crashed during training flight Crashed into a mountain on final approach

Malabo 46/46 0/n.d.

CCCP-85020

Rough landing, written off. Now in museum

02.12.1977 LZ-BTN Benghazi 59/165 Unable to land in dense fog the plane ran out of fuel searching another airfield and crash-landed 23.03.1978 LZ-BTB near Damascus 4/4 Crashed on final approach

Tupolev Tu - 154 2012

15.12.1997 29.08.1998 24.02.1999 03.07.2001 04.10.2001 12.02.2002 EY-85281 CU-T1264 B-2622 Ruian RA-85845 RA-85693 Sharja 85/86 Quito 61/61 Landed short of runway, crew error Aborted take-off, overran and caught fire 10+70/91

Crashed on final approach due to technical failure

Irkutsk 145/145 Stalled and crashed on final approach due to crew errors Black sea 78/78 Allegedly shot down by stray Ukrainian missile

EP-MBS Khorremabad

119/119 Crashed on final approach 0/n.d. Rough landing, sent to Vnukovo for repair where a

20.02.2002 EP-LBX Mashhad nosegear collapsed 01.07.2002 RA-85816 due to controller error 24.08.2004 RA-85556

Germany

2+69/69 Mid-air collision with Boeing 757 of DHL Aviation

Millerovo near Donetsk

46/46

Exploded in mid-air by suicide bomber

22.08.2006 RA-85185 storm front at critical altitude

170/170 Stalled and crashed due to attempt to fly over

01.09.2006 EP-MCF Mashhad runway and caught fire 30.06.2008 RA-85667 the plane written off 15.07.2009 crashed 24.01.2010 fire

29/147 The tyre blew out on landing, the plane skidded off the

St Petersburg

0/112

Engine fire at take-off, take off was aborted and

EP-CPG near Qazvin

168/168 Engine fire and explosion, the plane lost control and

RA-85787

Mashhad

0/170

Rough landing, the plane broke up and caught

10.04.2010 101 Smolensk 96/96 Crashed on final approach in thick fog on an airfield with no ILS. President Lech Kaczyski and other high-ranking officials were on board and died in the crash. 04.12.2010 RA-85744 Moscow 2/170 An emergency landing after two engines failed shortly after take-off; full of fuel. Overran the runway and broke up into three. The accident investigation revealed that a crew member had mistakenly switched off a fuel transfer pump thereby causing fuel-starvation and subsequent engine stall [32] 01.01.2011 RA-85588 Surgut 3/124 take-off, all three engines running.[33] Fire onboard and subsequent explosion while taxiing for