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B.C. Home Agriculture Pest Management Grape Diseases Printer Version
Grape Diseases
Botrytis bunch rot, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is a common problem wherever grapes are grown. The disease can cause serious losses in both yield and quality when weather conditions favour the disease.
Symptoms:
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Ripening grapes are affected by a rot which may progress to infect whole clusters. With sufficient rain and humidity, berries split open and develop a greyish mold on the surface. Affected berries may shrivel in the dry Okanagan climate. Botrytis may cause girdling lesions on the pedicel or rachis, leading to drying of clusters or portions of clusters, and premature cluster drop.
Discoloured, shrivelled berries caused by Botrytis Bunch Rot. Photo courtesy P.Sholberg, Agriculture & AgriFood Canada.
Botrytis cinerea sporulating on grape berries. Photo courtesy P.Sholberg, Agriculture & AgriFood Canada.
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http://www.agf.gov.bc.ca/cropprot/grapeipm/bunchrot.htm
Amount of Time 30 hours or more 18 hours or more 15 hours or more 22 hours or more 35 hours or more
Slow drying conditions together with high humidity (90% or better) favour the development of Botrytis. Table 1 indicates the temperature required plus the corresponding period that slow drying conditions must exist for bunch rot infection to occur.
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Madeleine Angevine Madeleine Sylvaner Optima Pinot Blanc Riesling Semillon Siegerebe Zinfandel
Active ingredient iprodione 50% fenhexamid 50% pyraclostrobin 12.8% + boscalid 25.2% pyrimethanil 400g/L cyprodinil 75% Bacillus subtilis
Rate/ha 1.5 kg/ha 1.12 kg/ha 420 735 g/ha 2.0 L/ha 750 g/ha 3-6 kg/ha
Rate/acre PHI2 600 g/acre 450 g/acre 170-300 g/acre 810 mL/acre 300 g/acre 1.2-2.4 kg/acre 7 7 14 7 7 0
Comments Maximum 2 sprays/season Maximum 3 sprays/season. Registered as suppression only for botrytis bunch rot. Maximum 2 sprays/season. Maximum 3 sprays/season. Maximum 2 sprays/season. Biofungicide. Disease suppression only.
Chemical Group: Products with the same number belong to the same class of compounds. Alternate products with different chemical groups to help delay or prevent the development of resistance.
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The number of spray applications necessary to control bunch rot depends upon disease pressure in the vineyard and weather conditions, as well as other factors such as susceptibility. Fewer applications may be needed if weather is very dry and/or disease pressure is low. Use a full program in vineyards where bunch rot was a serious problem in the previous year, and where sanitation measures were not taken after harvest. The number of sprays can be reduced or eliminated in vineyards with a history of low disease levels and for all vineyards in dry years. Key timings for Botrytis fungicide applications are bloom, just before bunch closing, veraison and pre-harvest. Botrytis control becomes more difficult as the grapevine matures because heavy canopy growth and bunch closing make it difficult to place the fungicide where it is needed. Under typical Okanagan weather patterns, high risk periods for Botrytis infection are during bloom and from 1 to 2 weeks after veraison to harvest. These growth stages often coincide with rainy periods during June and September. Be cautious about adding spreaders or stickers to fungicide sprays, as some spray adjuvants have been shown to increase the development of bunch rot on grape clusters. It is believed that spray adjuvants remove the natural wax protection on grape berries.
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