CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

Tutorial - 4 1. A prospector uses a hand-powered winch (see gure 1) to raise a bucket of ore in his mine shaft. The axle of the winch is a steel rod of diameter d = 0.625 in Also, the distance from the center of the axle to the center of the lifting rope is b = 4.0 in. If the weight of the loaded bucket is W = 100 lb, what is

Figure 1

the maximum shear stress in the axle due to torsion? 2. A circular tube of outer diameter d3 = 70 mm and inner diameter d2 = 60 mm is welded at the righthand end to a xed plate and at the left-hand end to a rigid end plate (see gure 2). A solid circular bar of diameter d1 = 40 mm is inside of, and concentric with, the tube. The bar passes through a hole in the xed plate and is welded to the rigid end plate. The bar is 1.0 m long and the tube is half as long as the bar. A torque T = 1000 N.m acts at end A of the bar. Also, both the bar and tube are made of an aluminium alloy with shear modulus of elasticity G = 27 GP a. (a) Determine the maximum shear stresses in both the bar and tube. (b) Determine the angle of twist (in degrees) at end A of the bar.

Figure 2

3. A solid circular bar of diameter d = 50 mm (see gure 3) is twisted in a testing machine until the applied torque reaches the value T = 500 N.m. At this value of torque, a strain gage oriented at 45o to the axis of the bar gives a reading = 339 106 . What is the shear modulus G of the material? 1

CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

Figure 3

4. A motor drives a shaft at 12 Hz and delivers 20 kW of power (see gure 4). (a) If the shaft has a diameter of 30 mm, what is the maximum shear stress max in the shaft? (b) If the maximum allowable shear stress is 40 M P a, what is the minimum permissible diameter dmin of the shaft?

Figure 4

5. A stepped shaft ACB having solid circular cross sections with two different diameters is held against rotation at the ends (see gure 5). If the allowable shear stress in the shaft is 43 M P a, what is the maximum torque (To )max that may be applied at section C?

Figure 5

6. The composite shaft shown in the gure 6 is manufactured by shrink-tting a steel sleeve over a brass core so that the two parts act as a single solid bar in torsion. The outer diameters of the two parts are d1 = 40 mm for the brass core and d2 = 50 mm for the steel sleeve. The shear moduli of elasticity are Gb = 36 GP a for the brass and Gs = 80 GP a for the steel. Assuming that the allowable shear stresses in the brass and steel are b = 48 M P a and s = 80 M P a, respectively, determine the maximum permissible torque Tmax that may be applied to the shaft. 2

CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

Figure 6

7. The solid rod BC (as shown in g. 7) has a diameter of 30 mm and is made of an aluminum for which die allowable shearing stress is 25 M P a. Rod AB is hollow and has an outer diameter of 25 mm; it is made of a brass for which the allowable shearing stress is 50 M P a. Determine (a) the largest inner diameter of rod AB for which the factor of safety is the same for each rod, (b) the largest torque that can be applied at A.

Figure 7

8. A torque of magnitude T = 120 N.m is applied to shaft AB of the gear train shown in g. 8. Knowing that the allowable shearing stress is 75 M P a in each of the three solid shafts, determine the required diameter of (a) shaft AB, (b) shaft CD, (c) shaft EF .

Figure 8

CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

9. The aluminum rod AB as shown in g. 9 (G = 27 GP a) is bonded to the brass rod BD (G = 39 GP a). Knowing that portion CD of the brass rod is hollow and has an inner diameter of 40 mm, determine the angle of twist at A.

Figure 9

10. The solid spindle AB is made of a steel with an allowable shearing stress of 12 ksi. and sleeve CD is made of a brass with an allowable shearing stress of 7 ksi (as shown in g. 10). Determine (a) the largest torque T that can be applied at A if the allowable shearing stress is not to be exceeded in sleeve CD. (b) the corresponding required value of the diameter ds , of spindle AB.

Figure 10

11. Under normal operating conditions, the electric motor exerts a torque of 2.8 kN.m on shaft AB (as shown in g. 11). Knowing that each shaft is solid, determine the maximum shearing stress in (a) shaft AB, (b) shaft BC, (c) shaft CD. 4

CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

Figure 11

12. The mass moment of inertia of a gear (shown in g. 12)is to be determined experimentally by using a torsional pendulum consisting of a 6 f t steel wire. Knowing that G = 11.2 106 psi, determine the diameter of the wire for which the torsional spring constant will be 4.27 lb.f t/rad.

Figure 12

13. A hollow steel drive shaft (G = 11.2 106 psi) is 8 f t long and its outer and inner diameters are respectively equal to 2.50 in and 1.25 in. Knowing that the shaft transmits 200 hp while rotating at 1500 rpm, determine (a) the maximum shearing stress, (b) the angle of twist of the shaft. 5

CL 231 Autumn 2012

Tutorial 4

14. The solid cylinders AB and BC are bonded together at B and are attached to xed supports at A and C (as shown in g. 13). Knowing that the modulus of rigidity is 3.7 106 psi for aluminium and 5.6 106 psi for brass, determine the maximum shearing stress (a) in cylinder AB, (b) in cylinder BC.

Figure 13