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A2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. heart atria ventricle valve
A3: Write the adjective for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. cardiac (KAR-d-ak) myocardial (m--KAR-d-al) atrial (-tr-al) pericardial (per-i-KAR-d-al) ventricular (ven-TRIK--lar) valvular (VAL-v-lar); also valvar (VAL-var)
A4: Following the example, write a word for each of the following definitions pertaining to the tissues of the heart. 1. endocarditis (en-d-kar-D-tis) 2. myocarditis (m--kar-D-tis) 3. pericarditis (per-i-kar-D-tis) A5: Write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cardiology (kar-d-OL--j) cardiomegaly (kar-d--MEG-a-l) interventricular (in-tra-ven-TRIK--lar) atrioventricular (a-tr--ven-TRIK--lar) vavotomy (val-VOT--m); also vavulotomy (val-v-LOT--m)
B. The Blood Vessels B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Roots for the Blood Vessels Term Meaning angiopathy any disease of blood vessels vasodilation widening of a blood vessel vascular pertaining to blood vessels endarterial within an artery arteriography process of recording an arteriole arteriolar pertaining to an arteriole aortoptosis downward displacement of the aorta venous pertaining to a vein phlebectasia dilatation of a vein B2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. vessel artery vessels aorta vessels arteriole
B3: Define the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. inflammation of a vessel or vessels pertaining to the heart and vessels rupture of an artery within the aorta inflammation of a vein
B4: Use the suffix -gram to form a word for a radiograph of each of the following: 1. angiogram 2. aortogram 3. phlebogram; venogram B5: Use the root angi/o to write a word with each of the following meanings: 1. 2. 3. 4. angiectomy (an-j-EK-t-m) angiectasis (an-j-EK-ta-sis); also hemangiectasis (h-man-j-EK-ta-sis) angiogenesis (an-j--JEN-e-sis) angioplasty (AN-j--plas-t)
B6: Use the appropriate root to write a word with each of the following meanings: 1. 2. 3. 4. aortostenosis (-or-t-ste-N-sis) arteriotomy (ar-tr--OT--m) intravenous (in-tra-V-nus) phlebectomy (fle-BEK-t-m); venectomy (v-NEK-t-m)
Roots, Suffixes and Prefixes for the Cardiovascular System Term Meaning angiogram process of recording a vessel vasoconstriction narrowing of a blood vessel arteriosclerosis hardening of an artery cardiomyoplasty plastic repair of the heart muscle hemolysis the breakdown of red blood cells intravenous into or within a vein leukemia literally, a blood condition of white (blood cells); a large increase in the number of cancerous, abnormal white blood cells thrombolysis destruction or breaking down of a thrombus (blood clot) cardiomegaly enlargement of the heart erythropenia a reduction in the number of red blood cells phlebosclerosis hardening of a vein aortic stenosis narrowing of the opening of the aortic valve hemostasis stoppage of blood flow erythroblast any of a series of nucleated cells that pass through a succession of stages of maturation to form red blood cells hypoxia a deficiency of oxygen in the tissue tachypnea fast breathing
A3: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. spinal cord nerve meninges spinal nerve roots
A4: Define each of the following terms. 1. study of the nervous system 2. radiograph of the spinal cord 3. tumor of the meninges A5: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. neuralgia (nu-RAL-j-a) neuropathy (n-ROP-a-th) myelitis (mi-e-L-tis) ganglioma (gang-gl--ma) myelography (m-e-LOG-ra-f) meningitis (men-in-J-tis)
B. The Brain B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided. Term Meaning encephalomalacia softening of brain tissue decerebrate having no cerebral function corticospinal pertaining to the cerebral cortex and spinal cord intercerebellar within the cerebellum thalamotomy incision of the thalamus supraventricular above a ventricle medullary pertaining to the medulla psychosomatic pertaining to the mind and body (soma) narcosis state of stupor induced by drugs somnolence sleepiness B2: Underline the root of each term and fill in the blanks with its meaning. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. brain cerebrum, brain mind stupor, unconsciousness sleep thalamus
B3: Write an adjective for each of the following definitions. Note the endings. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cerebral (SER-e-bral) cortical (KOR-ti-kal) thalamic (tha-LAM-ik) cerebellar (ser-e-BEL-ar) ventricular (ven-TRIK--lar)
B4: Define each of the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. inflammation of the brain outside the medulla study of the mind pertaining to the brain and spinal cord inflammation of a ventricle lack of sleep, inability to sleep
B5: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. encephalopathy (en-sef-a-LOP-a-th) supracerebellar (s-pra-ser-e-BEL-ar) corticothalamic (hor-ti-k-tha-LAM-ih) ventriculogram (ven-TRIK--l-gram) extracerebral (eks-tra-SER-e-bral)
C. The Nervous System C2: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. speech seizures partial paralysis read tetraplegia (tet-ra-PL-j-a)
C3: Define each of the following words. 1. 2. 3. 4. lack of speech communication slowness of reading obsession with fire fear of women
C4: Write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bradylalia (brad--L-l-a) hemiplegia (hem-i-PL-j-a) cardioplegia (kar-d--PL-j-a) noctiphobia (nok-ti-F-b-a); also nyctophobia (nik-t-F-b-a) photophobia (f-t-F-b-a)
A2: Use the adjective suffix -ic to write a word that means each of the following. 1. 2. 3. 4. enteric (en-TER-ik) gastric (GAS-trik) colic (KOL-ik); also colonic (kJ-LON-ik) pyloric (p-i-LOR-ik)
A3: Use the adjective suffix -al to write a word that means each of the following.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
duodenal (d--D-nal) cecal (S-kal) jejunal (je-JUN-al) ileal (IL--al); also ileac (IL--ak) rectal (REK-tal) anal (-nal)
A4: Write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. gastropexy ( GAS-tr-pek-s) esophagoscopy (e-sof-a-GOS-k-p) pyloroplast_y (p-LOR--plas-t) ileitis (il---tis) duodenostomy (d--de-NOS-t-m) ileostomy (il--OS-t-m) gastroenterology (gas-tr-en-ter-OL--j)
A5: Use the root col/o to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. colitis (k-L-tis) colopexy (K-l-pek-s) colostomy (k-LOS-t-m) coloclysis (k-l-KL-sis)
A6: Use the root colon/o to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. colonopathy (k-l-NOP-a-th) 2. colonoscopy (k-lon-OS-k-p) A7: Two organs of the digestive tract or even two parts of the same organ may be surgically connected by a passage (anastomosis) after removal of damaged tissue. Such a procedure is named for the connected organs plus the ending stomy. Use two roots plus the suffix stomy to write a word that has the same meaning as each of the following definitions: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. esophagogastrostomy (e-sof-a-g-gas-TROS-t-m) gastroenterostomy (gas-tr-en-ter-OS-t-m) gastrojejunostomy (gas-tro-je-j-NOS-t-m) duodenoileostomy (d--d-n-il--OS-t-m) sigmoidoproctostomy (sig-moy-d-prok-TOS-t-m)
B. Roots for the Accessory Organs B1: Write the meaning of the medical terms in the space provided.
Meaning a liver cell pertaining to the bile or bile ducts gallstone, biliary calculus suture of the gallbladder radiograph of the bile ducts pertaining to the common bile duct dissolving of the pancreas
B2: Use the suffix ic to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. hepatic (he-PAT-ik) 2. cholecystic (k-l-SIS-tik) 3. pancreatic (pan-kr-AT-ik) B3: Use the suffix graphy to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. 2. 3. 4. cholangiography (k-lan-j-OG-ra-f) hepatography (hep-a-TOG-ra-f) cholecystography (k-l-sis-TOG-ra-f) pancreatography (pan-kr-a-TOG-ra-f)
B4: Use the suffix lithiasis to write a word for each of the following definitions. 1. choledocholithiasis (k-led-o-k-li-THI-a-sis) 2. pancreatolithiasis (pan-kr-a-t-li-TH-a-sis) B5: Fill in the blanks. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. bile common bile duct liver hepatitis pancreas bile duct