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What is biathlon?
bis
(two)
biathlon
+
athlon
(contest)
cross-country skiing
rifle marksmanship
Biathlon Formats
Winter Biathlon Summer Biathlon
Classical biathlon
Archery biathlon
Cross biathlon
Snowshoe biathlon
etc.
etc.
Equipment
T-shirt helmet
glasses
bib
gloves poles
pants
boots
roller skis rifle
wheels
roller skis grips straps poles tips
magazines
barrel
front sight
stock
shoulder rest
trigger
rifle case
eye blinder
arm sling
Skiing Techniques
Classic style
diagonal stride
flat terrain Running action with parallel skis, kicking and gliding with each stride; poles are planted alternately on the opposite side to the kick.
three-step diagonal Three (four) strides to one pole push. four-step diagonal double poling
Legs are not moved, all propulsive force is provided by the two poles used together; may be combined with strides in the one-step and two-step double pole techniques.
Slightly off-set double-pole on every other leg. Used mostly for hill climbing in competitions.
uphill terrain
snowplow
downhill terrain
Double-pole on every leg. Used on the flat for accelerating and on moderate uphills. Requires a good balance.
Double-pole on every other leg. Used on the flat, while climbing and on gentle downhills. Skating without using the poles. Used exclusively on downhills at very high speed.
V skating free-skate
Shooting
Approaching firing line Stop
STANDING POSITION
Ready position
PRONE POSITION
Facilities
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Stadium Course Start area Finish area Shooting range Shooting range for training Penalty loop Administrative building, hotel Service center
10. Stands 11. Footbridge 12. Parking 13. Hangar 14. Commentator booths and TV 15. Guard post 16. Equipment storage 17. Entrance to the stadium for spectators 18. Arrival/Departure area for competitors
Course
shooting lane
Competitions
World Championships (only roller-ski biathlon)
Official competitions: Open European Championships (only cross biathlon) World Cups Continental Cups: - Asia - North America - South America IBU World Cups
Unofficial competitions:
Races
Men Individual Sprint 20km 10km Women 15km 7.5km Laps >5 3 Shooting Shots Penalty/1 miss rounds per lap P-S-P-S P-S 20 10 penalty minute penalty loop (150m) penalty loop (150m) penalty loop (150m) penalty loop (150m) Start 30 sec interval 30 sec interval
Relay
Mass-Start Pursuit
7.5km
15km 12.5km
6km
12.5km 10km 6km
3/4B
5 5
P-S
P-P-S-S P-S-P-S P-S
10
10 10 10
Simultaneous
Simultaneous Pursuit Simultaneous
1W-1JW1M- 1JM
Events in Ufa-2012
Sprint Mixed Relay
4 biathletes in team (2JM+2JW, 2M+2W) Mass start Max. teams: 30 1 biathlete = 1 leg = 3 laps (6km W&JW, 7.5km M&JM) 2 shooting rounds/1 leg: P-S +3 spare rounds for each shooting 150m penalty loop/1miss after using spare rounds.
Pursuit
Start at intervals based on the results of the previous race 5 laps (total 10km W&JW, 12.5km M&JM) 4 shooting rounds: P-P-S-S 5 targets = 5 bullets 150m penalty loop/1miss
Start at intervals (30sec) 3 laps (total 6km W&JW, 7.5km M&JM) 2 shooting rounds: P-S +3 spare rounds for each shooting 3 spare rounds to be single loaded manually 150m penalty loop/1 miss
Program
Monday 17.09.2012 Arrival of teams Unofficial training Official training Mixed relay Official training Sprint Pursuit Tuesday 18.09.2012 Zeroing Team captains meeting/Election of Jury
Thursday 20.09.2012 Zeroing Award ceremony Friday 21.09.2012 Zeroing Satturday 22.09.2012 Zeroing
Participants
AUSTRIA AUSTRALIA BELARUS BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
BULGARIA
CHESH REPUBLIC
HUNGARY
INDIA
KAZAKHSTAN
LATVIA
MACEDONIA
ROMANIA
RUSSIA
SLOVAKIA
UKRAINE
UZBEKISTAN
FINLAND
ESTONIA