TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI

VIN CNG NGH THNG TIN V TRUYN THNG

----------

BI TP LN

AN NINH MNG
ti:

STEGANOGRAPHY

Nhm sinh vin thc hin:

Nguyn Khnh Hng
20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam
20081819
L nh Cng
20080370
Gio vin hng dn: L c Anh
H NI 11-2011

MC LC
Li ni u ...............................................................................................................................................4
I. TNG QUAN V STEGANOGRAPHY .........................................................................................5
1.

Steganography l g ? ....................................................................................................................5

2.

Phn bit Steganography v Cryptography ...................................................................................5

3.

D liu c n u ? ................................................................................................................6

4.

u v nhc im ca Steganography .........................................................................................7

II. CC PHNG PHP C BN TRONG STEGANOGRAPHY ...............................................8

Cc phng php c bn ...............................................................................................................8

1.
a.

LSB (Least Significant Bit) ....................................................................................................8

b.

Injection (php ni x) ..............................................................................................................8

Steganography trong hnh nh ...................................................................................................9

2.
a.

LSB (Least Significant Bit) ....................................................................................................9

b.

Masking and Filtering ...............................................................................................................9

c.

Algorithms and Transformations ..............................................................................................9

Steganography trong Audio ..........................................................................................................9

3.
a.

LSB ...........................................................................................................................................9

b.

M ha Parity (Parity Coding) ............................................................................................... 10

c.

M ha Phase (Phase Coding) .............................................................................................. 10

d.

K thut tri ph .................................................................................................................... 10

e.

K thut giu da vo ting vang (Echo) ............................................................................. 11

f.

K thut m ha Echo ........................................................................................................... 11

4.

Steganography trong Video ...................................................................................................... 12

5.

Steganography trong Document ................................................................................................. 12

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53
Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

III. STEGANALYSIS .........................................................................................................................12

a.

Xem tp tin ............................................................................................................................. 12

b.

Nghe tp tin ............................................................................................................................ 13

2. Phn loi......................................................................................................................................... 13
IV. NG DNG CA STEGANOGRAPHY ..................................................................................13
1. Lnh vc anh ninh mng v che du thng tin ............................................................................ 13
2. Watemarking (lm hnh m) .......................................................................................................... 14
a.

Gii thiu ............................................................................................................................... 14

b.

Cc trnh ng dng ca Watermarking .................................................................................. 15

VI. KT LUN ....................................................................................................................................23

TI LIU THAM KHO ....................................................................................................................24
PHIU GIAO NHIM V BI TP LN ........................................................................................25

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53
Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Li ni u

S pht trin mnh m ca Internet cng vi cuc cch mng thng tin s
em li nhng bc tin vt bc trong x hi, vai tr ca n cng vt ra
khi phm vi kinh t v dn i vo cuc sng nh mt nhu cu thit yu. Truyn
thng bang tn rng cng vi cc nh dng d liu s phong ph hin nay
m ra nhiu c hi v khng t thch thc. Cc thit b s ngy cng hin i v
gi thnh ngy cng r, iu ny cho php ngi dung c th d dng to v
chnh sa hay trao i d liu a truyn thng. Bn cnh nhng tc dng tch
cc, ta cng khng th ph nhn nhng vn nan gii ny sinh trong thc t:
gi mo, n cp tc phm, s dng cc tc phm khng bn quyn, Chnh v
vy m nhm ti chn ti STEGANOGRAPHY nghin cu v tm
hiu tm quan trng ca n trong tng lai. Trong qu trnh thc hin ti
khng trnh khi nhng sai st mong thy gp b sung.

Xin chn thnh cm n !

Nguyn Khnh Hng
Nguyn L Hoi Nam
L nh Cng

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53
Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

I. TNG QUAN V STEGANOGRAPHY

1. Steganography l g ?
Steganography(n thng tin) : l k thut n thng tin lin lc, l qu trnh
giu thng tin c nhn hay thng tin nhy cm vo mt th g m khng l
chng theo dng thng thng. Steganography c ngun gc t Hy Lp.
Steganos (c ngha l ph hoc b mt) v graphy(bng vn bn hoc bn v).
Cc ghi chp u tin v Steganography c mt nh s hc Hy Lp l
Herodotus ghi chp li. Mt trong nhng cu chuyn k ni ting khi ni ti lnh
vc ny l cu chuyn v tn bo cha Histiaeus. Trong sut th k th 5 trc
cng nguyn (486-425 B.C), tn ny b giam cm ti nh t Susa. Trong thi
gian ny ng ta c gng lin lc vi con r ca mnh l Aristagoras. thc
hin c m mu ny, Histaeus co u mt tn n l v xm ln thng
ip cn chuyn v khi tc mc li th anh ny c a ti Aristagoras. Phng
php ny vn c cc ip vin c s dng vo u th k 20.
K thut che du vn bn gia cc dng ca mt ti liu bng mc v hnh
c to ra t nc tri cy hoc sa, m ch hin th khi un nng, c s
dng t thi La M c i. Nm 1499, xut bn Trithemius Steganographia, mt
trong nhng cun sch u tin v che giu thng tin. Trong th chin II ca c
s dng microdots n ln S tin ca d liu trn cc ti liu in, gi mo nh
l du chm ca du chm cu. Ngy nay che giu thng tin l mt phn ca
Internet. c s dng truyn d liu cng nh v vic che giu cc thng tin
trong cc hnh nh v m nhc (c gi l k thut s watermarking).

2. Phn bit Steganography v Cryptography

Cryptography (hay Crypto) mt m hc : l ngnh hc nghin cu v nhng
cch chuyn i thng tin t dng c th hiu c thnh dng khng th
hiu c v ngc li. Cryptography gip m bo : tnh b mt, ton vn, xc
thc v tnh khng chi b cho thng tin.
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Ta cn phn bit Cryptography v Steganography v rt d nhm ln gia hai

khi nim ny. im khc nhau cn bn nht gia hai khi nim ny l :
Cryptography l vic giu ni dung ca thng tin, trong khi Steganography l
vic giu s tn ti ca thng tin . Ta c th kt hp hai phng php ny,
bng cch m ha mt tin nhn sau giu n trong mt tp tin truyn.

3. D liu c n u ?
Khng ging nh mt tp tin bn to ra m bn ang c kh nng thng bo
th b n y v n c th lm thay i cc tp tin ha hoc m thanh m
khng lm mt kh nng tng th cho ngi xem. Vi m thanh, ngi ta c th
s dng nhng bit ca tp tin m tai ngi khng nghe c. Vi tp tin ha,
ngi ta c th loi b cc bit d tha ca mu sc t hnh nh m vn to ra
mt hnh nh trng khng thay i i vi mt ngi, v rt kh c th phn bit
vi bn gc.
Steganography giu d liu ca mnh trong nhng mu nh. Mt chng trnh
Steganography s dng thut ton nhng d liu trong mt hnh nh hoc file
m thanh. Chng trnh cho php s dng mt khu ly li thng tin. Mt s
chng trnh bao gm mt m v che du thng tin cc cng c bo mt
thng tin n trnh b pht hin.
Cht lng hnh nh hoc m thanh, d liu d phng nhiu hn s c l
ti sao tp tin m thanh 16-bit v 24-bit, hnh nh l nhng im n ph bin.
Nu mt ngi khng c nh gc hoc tp tin m thanh gc so snh th h s
kh th pht hin c d liu n giu trong .
nhn mnh sc mnh ca che giu thng tin, kim tra hai hnh nh c
hin th trong hnh 1.1 v 1.2. Nhn vo hai hnh nh, ta khng thy c s khc
bit.

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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H.1.1- Khng c thng tin c che giu

H.1.2- C thng tin c che giu

4. u v nhc im ca Steganography
Steganography gip ta c th che du thng tin quan trng, nhy cm m
khng mun cng khai. Stego l mt cng c rt mnh m nu n cho php hai
ngi c trao i vi nhau bng mt ng dn truyn thng.
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53
Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

 c mt mc bo mt cao, bn phi trin khai nhiu cp bo mt.

Tuy nhin, khng c mc bo mt hay cng ngh no l an ton tuyt i. Stego
cng khng nm ngoi l, n mang li nhiu li ch, nhng n khng phi l
hon ho. Kha cnh tiu cc u tin ca Stego l ngay c khi tin nhn c n,
nu ai bit c s tn ti ca n, h vn c th c c. iu ny c th
gii quyt bng cch m ha trc khi n du thng tin. Mt vn khc ca
Stego l nu ngi no ngh rng bn ang s dng Stego, h c th xa b
thng ip n. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, khi n d liu trong hnh nh, ta s
chn tin nhn vo cc bit t quan trng nht. V tin nhn c th b xa b bng
cch chuyn i hnh nh sang nh dng khc hay chuyn n tr li nh dng
ban u.

II. CC PHNG PHP C BN TRONG STEGANOGRAPHY

1. Cc phng php c bn
C rt nhiu phng php c s dng n thng tin di dng tp tin
hnh nh, m thanh v video. Hai phng php ph bin nht l LSB (byte gi tr
thp nht) v Injection (php ni x).
a. LSB (Least Significant Bit)
Khi cc tp tin c to ra, thng c mt s byte trong tp tin khng thc s
cn thit, hoc khng quan trng lm. Nhng phn ny ca tp tin c th c
thay th bng thng tin n m khng lm thay i tp tin nhiu hoc lm h hi
n. iu ny cho php mt ngi giu thng tin vo tp tin v m bo rng
khng ai c th pht hin ra s thay i trong tp tin. Phng php LSB ny lm
hot ng tt nht trong cc tp tin tranh nh (Picture) c phn gii cao, s
dng nhiu mu sc khc nhau, v vi tp tin m thanh (Audio) c nhiu m
thanh khc nhau v t l bit cao. Phng php LSB thng khng lm tng kch
thc tp tin, nhng tu thuc vo kch thc ca cc thng tin c n bn
trong tp tin, tp tin c th b bin dng ng k.
b. Injection (php ni x)
Injection l mt phng php kh n gin, n ch l vic tim trc tip thng
tin b mt vo tp tin cha. Vn chnh ca phng php ny l n c th lm
tng ng k kch thc ca file cha .
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
20080370

Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53
Kha: 53 Lp: TTM-K53

Sau y ta s tm hiu c th cc phng php c s dng n thng tin

trong cc file hnh nh, m thanh, video v document.
2. Steganography trong hnh nh
a. LSB (Least Significant Bit)
Phng php ny thng c s dng khi n thng tin trong files nh.
Thng tin cn c che du s c thay th bng mi bit c trng s thp nht
(Least Significant Bit) ca mi pixel trong bc nh. LSB hot ng tt nht
trong file nh c phn gii cao nh nh 24 Bit. L do v y l loi nh ln
nht v thng c cht lng tt nht. Khi nh phn gii cao v cht lng
tt, n d dng che giu thng tin bn trong. V d :
Mu 8 bit ban u : 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
Sau khi giu bit 1: 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1
b. Masking and Filtering
Bng cch lc chi ca nhng vng ring bit trn bc nh che du d
liu. Thay i ny khng gy ra khc bit r rng no trn bc nh. Vi phng
php ny s dng nh dng nh l JEPG l tt nht.
c. Algorithms and Transformations
y l mt cch che du s dng v c ci bin t cch bin i cosin
ring. nh dng JPEG c s dng, u tin bin i mi khi pixel ti
Discrete Cosine Transformations (DCT). Thay cc bit c trng s thp nht ca
mi h s DCT, thay th LSB vi mi bit ca thng ip cn n liu.

3. Steganography trong Audio

Cc k thut giu tin trong audio da vo h thng thnh gic ca con ngi.
Vic giu tin trong audio thng l kh hn trong cc d liu media khc do h
thng thnh gic ca con ngi kh nhy vi cc nhiu. Cc phng php sau
y c th c s dng th thc hin giu tin trong audio.
a. LSB
Tng t nh vic s dng phng php LSB trong hnh nh.Ta s thay th
cc bit t quan trng nht (thng l bit cui) ca mi mu d liu bng bit tin
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
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Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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giu. u im ca phng php ny l d ci t v cho php giu nhiu d liu.

C th tng thm d liu giu bng cch dng hai bit LSB. Tuy nhin cch lm
ny cng lm tng nhiu trn i tng cha dn n i phng d pht hin v
thc hin tn cng. V vy d liu cha cn phi c chn trc khi giu s
dng phng php LSB. tng cho k thut ny, ta s dng b sinh s
nguyn ngu nhin sinh ra cc v tr cc mu c chn giu ch khng phi
cc mu lin tc. B sinh s ny s dng mt kha b mt key nh l phn t
khi to ca b sinh s. Kha key ny c s dng trong c qu trnh giu
tin v gii tin. Lu l b sinh s khng to ra cc gi tr trng nhau trnh
trng hp mt v tr c giu hai ln.
b. M ha Parity (Parity Coding)
Thay v chia d liu thnh cc mu ring l, phng php m ha chn l
chia d liu thnh cc nhm mu v giu tng bit thng tin vo trong cc
nhm mu ny. Nu parity bt ca nhm mu ny khng trng vi bit
thng tin giu th ta tin hnh iu chnh mt bt no trong nhm mu ny.
Phng php ny cho ta nhiu s la chn hn khi thay i 1 bt v c v
kn o hn so vi phng php iu chnh LSB.
C hai phng php LSB v Parity u c nhng hn ch. Do tai ngi
kh nhy nn nhng thay i trn d liu cha s sinh nhiu v ngi nghe
rt d nhn ra. Mt im na l hai phng php ny khng bn vng v
thng tin s b mt sau khi thc hin vic ly mu li. Mt trong nhng cch
khc phc l thc hin vic giu nhiu ln. Tuy nhin cch ny cng c hn
ch l n lm tng thi gian x l.
c. M ha Phase (Phase Coding)
Phng php m ha pha gii quyt c cc hn ch do sinh ra nhiu
ca hai phng php giu d liu trn. Phng php m ha pha da vo
tnh cht l cc thnh phn ca pha khng gy nh hng n h thng thnh
gic ca con ngi nh nhiu. Vic giu tin c thc hin bng cch iu
chnh pha trong ph pha ca d liu s.
d. K thut tri ph
Thng thng cc file audio c truyn qua cc knh truyn thng,
cc knh truyn thng ny s tp trung d liu audio trong vng hp ca ph
tn s duy tr nng lng v tit kim bng thng. Cc k thut tri ph c
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
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Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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10

gng tri thng tin mt vo trong ph tn s ca d liu audio cng nhiu

cng tt. N cng tng t nh k thut LSB l tri ngu nhin thng tin giu
trn ton b file audio. u im ca phng php tri ph l n bn vng
trc mt s tn cng. Tuy nhin n cng c hn ch l sinh nhiu v d nhn
ra. Hai phng php tri ph s dng trong giu tin audio l DSSS (Direct
Sequency Spread Spectrum) v FHSS (Frenquency Hopped Spread Spectrum).
e. K thut giu da vo ting vang (Echo)
K thut giu da vo ting vang thc hin giu tin bng cch thm vo
ting vang trong tn hiu gc. D liu nhng c giu bng cch thay
i 3 tham s ca ting vang : Bin ban u, t l phn r v tr. Khi
thi gian gia tn hiu gc v ting vang gim xung, hai tn hiu c th trn
ln v ngi nghe kh c th phn bit gia hai tn hiu. S lng tin
giu c lin quan n thi gian tr ca ting vang v bin ca n.

H1. K thut giu iu chnh Echo

f. K thut m ha Echo
Bng cch dng thi gian tr khc nhau gia tn hiu gc v ting
vang th hin tng ng gi tr nh phn 1 hoc 0, theo cch d liu
c giu vo file audio. giu nhiu hn mt bit, tn hiu gc c chia
thnh cc on ngn hn v mi on sau c th c to ting vang
giu s bit mong mun. D liu cha cui cng bao gm cc on c
m c lp ni li theo th t chia ban u. K thut giu tin da vo ting
vang rt hiu qu trong cc file audio cht lng cao. Cc file m thanh cha
lm gim cht lng v khng c qu nhiu on yn lng thng dng k
thut ny giu tin. Mt cch tip cn khc l tin hnh m ha chui bit theo
mt cch no gip ta pht hin ra li. Thay v giu trc tip L bit vo i
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
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Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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11

tng cha, ta bin i chui bit bng cch b sung mt s bit vo S nhm
mc ch kim tra li.
4. Steganography trong Video
Khi m thng tin c cha trong chng trnh video hoc ngi, che giu
thng tin s thng s dng DCT ( Discrete Cosine Transform) - phng php
bin i hm cosin ri rc. DCT hot ng bng cch thay i mt cht i vi
mi nh trong video, do vy n khng gy ch i vi mt ngi. C th hn,
DCT thay i gi tr ca nhng phn nht nh ca tm nh, n thng thay i
chng. Khi ch 1 phn nh thng tin b che giu trong video, ni chung khng
gy ch cht no. Tuy nhin, nhiu thng tin hn b che giu c th gy s
ch .
5. Steganography trong Document
C th s dng phng php Steganography trong ti liu bng cch n gin
l thm khong trng v tab cho n cui dng ti liu. Loi steganography ny
l v cng hiu qu bi v vic s dng khong trng v tab s khng th b mt
thng pht hin, t nht l i vi tt c cc trnh bin tp vn bn/ti liu.

III. STEGANALYSIS
1. Cc phng php
Steganalysis l k thut dng pht hin Steganography. C nhiu phng
php kim tra s tn ti ca thng tin c n trong cc tp tin, nh cc
phng php di y.
a. Xem tp tin
Xem tp tin v so snh n vi mt bn sao khc c tm thy trn Internet
(File tranh nh). Thng c nhiu bn sao ca hnh nh trn Internet, v vy bn
c th d dng tm kim nhiu bn sao v th so snh cc tp tin ng nghi
vi chng.
V d, nu bn ti v mt tp tin JPEG, tp tin nghi ng ca bn cng l JPEG
v hai tp tin trng ging nhau hon hon ngoi tr mt tp tin ln hn tp tin
Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279
Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
L nh Cng
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Kha : 53 Lp: TTM-K53

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12

kia. iu rt c th l trng hp tp tin nghi ng ca bn c cha thng tin

c giu bn trong.
b. Nghe tp tin
iu ny tng t phng php c s dng c gng pht hin
steganography trong cc tp tin tranh nh trn. Nu bn ang c gng pht hin
thng tin n bn trong mt tp tin m thanh MP3, bn s cn phi tm mt tp tin
m thanh so snh vi n v c hai phi s dng cng dng nn (MP3) . Phng
php ny cng c p dng nh tm kim thng tin n bn trong cc tp tin
tranh nh..

2. Phn loi
Steganalysis c hai loi l : Steganalysis c mc tiu, Steganalysis m
Steganalysis c mc tiu c lin quan n thut ton steganographic ang c
s dng. Phng php ny cung cp mt manh mi c hiu qu ln trong vic
chn ra i din c trng.
Steganalysis m : vn y kh khn hn nhiu bi thc t thut ton
steganographic c s dng l cha xc nh.
Hin nay c rt nhiu loi thut ton steganalysis m v c mc tiu nh :
Nhng LSB v Histogram Attack
Phn tch cp mu
Steganalysis m hnh nh JPEG s dng phng php cn chnh.

IV. NG DNG CA STEGANOGRAPHY

1. Lnh vc anh ninh mng v che du thng tin
Steganography v ang c p dng rng ri trong vic bo mt thng
tin. Ngay t thi Hy Lp hay La M c i, n c s dng n du cc
thng tin quan trng.

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
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13

Ngy nay,Stego c ng dng trong rt nhiu ngnh khoa hc v i

sng. N c vai tr rt quan trng trong lnh vc an ninh mng. Vic bo mt
thng tin lun l vn quan trng hng u trong cc lnh vc tnh bo, qun
s, ngoi giao, v y cng l mt vn c nghin cu hng nghn nm
nay. Nu nh cc vn lin quan n cc hot ng tnh bo v qun s l kh
xa l vi cc doanh nghip th vic bo mt thng tin thng mi lun l mt vn
c t ra, c bit trong thi i hin nay, khi m thng tin gi vai tr quan
trng hng u v cc phng tin truyn thng hin i cho php chng ta
chuyn tin rt d dng v cng rt d dng mt thng tin. Vy ta c th lm
nhng g s dng c cc tin ch ca cng ngh thng tin v vin thng
mang li cho th gii v ng thi khng i th cnh tranh cng nh cc loi
ti phm tin hc s dng chnh nhng cng ngh ny gy hi.
2. Watemarking (lm hnh m)
a. Gii thiu
Vo th k mi tm, hnh m chm trn giy c to ra chu u v M
c s dng. Cc k hiu v s trang tr c bit c s dng lm nhn
hiu hng ho, ghi ngy giy t c sn xut, v cho bit kch thc ca
bn gc. Ti thi im ny, watermark cng bt u c s dng lm bin php
chng lm gi i vi tin v cc loi ti liu khc. T khi watermark ra i,
nhng k lm hng gi cng bt u pht trin nhng phng php bt chc
cc hnh watermark bo v tin giy.

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Khnh Hng 20081279

Nguyn L Hoi Nam 20081819
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14

Vo nm v Tominaga 1988, Komatsu pht minh ra phng php digital

watermark (lm hnh m k thut s).

b. Cc trnh ng dng ca Watermarking

Gim st pht sng
C rt nhiu t chc, c nhn quan tm n vic gim st pht sng. V d,
cc nh qung co mun m bo rng h nhn c tt c khong thi gian
pht sng m h mua t trung tm pht thanh. Watermarking l mt phng
php thay th r rng cho s m ha thng tin nhn din gim st vic pht
sng tch cc v tiu cc.
Nhn dng ch s hu
Nu ch s hu quyn tc gi mun phn phi cc tc phm ca h m khng
b mt bt k quyn hn no, h phi a thng bo bn quyn vo bn sao c
phn phi. Watermark ca Digimarc dnh cho hnh nh c thit k vi
trnh ng dng ny theo mt nguyn l chnh xc. Vic kt hp chng trnh
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my d watermark vi chng trnh x l hnh nh ph bin l Photoshop ca

Adobe khin n t c thnh tuphn phi rng ri. Khi trnh d tm
Digimarc nhn bit c mt hnh m, n s lin lc vi c s d liu trung tm
trn mng Internet, v s dng tin nhn watermark lm kha tm kim thng tin
lin lc ca ch s hu hnh nh .
Theo di giao dch
Theo di giao dch l thng c gi l fingerprinting (to vn tay) nhiu
hn v mi bn sao ca mt sn phm c th c xc nh bng cch duy nht
l thng qua watermark, watermark tng t nh mt du vn tay con ngi
nhn dng mt ngi nht nh. Ch s hu hoc nh sn xut ca sn phm s
to mt watermark khc nhau trong mi bn sao. Nu sau sn phm b s
dng sai mc ch (b r r cho bo ch hoc phn phi li bt hp php), ch s
hu c th tm ra ngi chu trch nhim.
Chng thc ni dung
Vic lm xo trn mt sn phm k thut s theo nhng cch thc kh c th
pht hin ang ngy cng tr nn d dng hn (chnh sa mt hnh nh bng
cch s dng Photoshop Adobe). Trong ngnh mt m hc, vn chng thc
tin nhn c nghin cu n rt nhiu v a ra nhiu gii php. Mt
phng php m ha chung cho vn ny l vic to ra mt ch k s, m ch
yu l mt bn tm tt tin nhn c m ha. Cng ngh ch k s c
p dng cho cc my nh k thut s ca Friedman, ngi a ra kin to ra
mt "my nh ng tin cy" bng cch tnh ton to mt ch k bn trong my
nh (nhn chng thc). Mt my nh k thut s an ton (SDC) c xut
bi Mohanty, Blythe v Fridrich. Vo nm 2004 h nghin cu v SDC
to ra my nh k thut s s dng phng php lm hnh m nhng mt
trnh nhn dng sinh trc hc cng vi mt hm bm m ha.
Kim sot sao chp
Trong trnh ng dng kim sot sao chp, ngi ta a ra mc ch ngn
chn con ngi to bn sao bt hp php ca sn phm c bn quyn. Chc nng
u tin v mnh nht c th chng li vic sao chp bt hp php l m ha.
Kim sot pht li
Khi i th s dng mt bn ghi khng tun theo quy tc thc hin sao
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chp bt hp php i vi mt sn phm c bn quyn, bn sao s c mt

hnh m. Giy php cp bng sng ch c th yu cu ngi s dng kim tra
hnh m trong ni dung ang c s dng (VEIL video watermark).

Nng cao c s k tha

Eurocontrol, t chc bo v o hng hng khng ca chu u xem xt v
kh nng chn t ng mt hnh m k thut s vo trong lin lc thoi ca
mt phi cng hay khng. Bng cch lm hnh m k thut s cho tt c cc lin
lc thoi, n c th cung cp mt b nhn dng k thut s ging nh m s ui
my bay xc nh r rng v cc my bay.
Mt vn c t ra cho nhng my nghe nhc MP3 l vic c gng lm
cho li bi ht hin th ng b vi m nhc. Mt gii php, c tin phong bi
MarkAny ca Hn Quc, l nhng li bi ht trc tip vo tn hiu m thanh
bng cch s dng cng ngh watermark. Cng ngh ny c gi l MediaSync
v rt ph bin Hn Quc.

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V. CHNG TRNH MINH HA

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Chc nng:
- n v tch thng tin trong tp tin hnh nh:
.png ; .jpg ; .gif ; .bmp
- n v tch thng tin trong tp tin m thanh
.mp3 ; .wma ; .wav
Bo mt
- S dng password bo mt thng tin v m ha thng tin trc khi n
- S dng phng php LSB n d liu
u im
- D ci t v d s dng
- Khng lm tng ng k kch thc vt mang
- Kh phn bit gia hnh nh trc v sau khi n d liu
- V thng tin c m ha trc khi n nn mc bo mt kh cao
Nhc im
- Cha m rng c tt c cc nh dng file mang
- Mt s nh dng file mang lm vic cha hiu qu
- Nu lng thng tin n ln gy bin dng lm tng kch thc file mang
- File .mp3, .wav cn c nhiu nn d b pht hin.

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Minh ha

Input: + Text, password

+ file image: a.png
Output: + file image Steganoraphy.png

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- Trc khi n d liu

- Sau khi n d liu

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- D liu n

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VI. KT LUN
Steganography l mt ng dng quan trng trong truyn thng mt, y
l phng php truyn thng tin trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng nhng
vn bo m c tnh bo mt ca thng tin. Vit Nam, cc k thut v ng
dng ca n d liu cha c s quan tm thch ng ca cc nh nghin cu.
Vi nhu cu bo mt thng tin, truyn thng cc thng ip m ngi trung gian
khng nhn bit v khng th gii m, nhm ti thc hin ti ny nhm th
nghim cc k thut n d liu ni chung v Steganography ni ring hin ang
cn l cc k thut kh mi ti Vit Nam. Trong qu trnh thc hin khng trnh
khi nhng sai st, chng ti mong nhn c gp b sung ca thy.

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TI LIU THAM KHO

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography

- http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/27950-steganography/
- http://www.codeproject.com/KB/security/steganodotnet.aspx
- n.khanhhung@gmail.com

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PHIU GIAO NHIM V BI TP LN

1. Thng tin v sinh vin
+ H v tn sinh vin: Nguyn Khnh Hng
in thoi lin lc: 01668831690
Email: n.khanhhung@gmail.com
Lp: TTM-K53
+ Nguyn L Hoi Nam
Lp: TTM-K53
+ L nh Cng
Lp: TTM-K53
n c thc hin ti: i hc Bch Khoa H Ni
Thi gian lm BTL: T ngy 15/ 10 /2011 n 20 / 11 /2011
2. Mc ch ni dung ca BTL
+ Nghin cu l thuyt v ng dng ca Steganography
+ Vit tool minh ha
+ Rn luyn k nng lm vic nhm.
3. Cc nhim v c th ca BTL
+ Nguyn Khnh Hng: Nghin cu Steganography in Audio, slide, design, code giao din,
x l thng tin input, output .
+ Nguyn L Hoi Nam: Nghin cu Steganography in Image, code hide bytes information,
vit bo co.
+ L nh Cng: Nghin cu Steganography in Document, Video, code recover bytes
information.
4. Li cam oan ca trng nhm:
Ti, trng nhm Nguyn Khnh Hng - cam kt BTL l cng trnh nghin cu ca
nhm ti di s hng dn ca thy L c Anh.
Cc kt qu nu trong BTL l trung thc, khng phi l sao chp ton vn ca bt k cng
trnh no khc.
H Ni, ngy 20 thng 11 nm 2011
Tc gi BTL
Nguyn Khnh Hng
Nguyn L Hoi Nam
L nh Cng

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