CHECK POINTS Chapter 2 1. Here are three pairs of initial and final positions, respectively, along x-axis.

Which pairs give a negative displacement: (a) 3m, +5m (b) -3m, -7m (c) 7m,3m? 2. The following equations give the position x(t)of a particle in four situations (in each equation, x is in meters, t is in seconds, and t>0): (1) x = 3t 2; (2) x = -4t2 2; (3) x = 2/t2 and (4) x = -2. (a) In which situation is the velocity v of the particle constant? (b) In which is v in the negative x direction? 3. A wombat moves along an x-axis. What is the sign of its acceleration if it is moving: (a) in the positive direction with increasing speed? (b) in the positive direction with decreasing speed? (c) in the negative direction with increasing speed? and (d) in the negative direction with decreasing speed? 4. The following equations give the position x(t) of a particle in four situations: x = 3t 4; (2) x = -5t3 + 4t2 + 6; (3) x = 2/t2 4/t; (4) x = 5t2 3. To which of these situations do the equations of table 2-1 apply? (Equations of Motions ) (1)

5. (a) If you toss a ball straight up, what is the sign of the balls displacement for the ascent, form the release point to the highest point? (b) What is it for the descent, from the highest point back to the release point? (c) What is the balls acceleration at its highest point?

Chapter 3 1. The magnitudes of displacements a and b are 3m and 4m, respectively, and c = a + b .Consider various orientations of a and b , what is (a) the maximum possible magnitude for c and (b) the minimum possible magnitude?

2. In the figure, which of the indicated methods for combining the x and y components of vectors a are proper to determine that vector?

y ax a ay (a) y ay ax (d) x ax ay a (e) x ax a (b)

y ay x ax ay a

y x

(c) y x ax a (f) ay y x

(a) In the figure here, what are the signs of the x components of d1 and d 2 ? (b) What are the signs of the y components of the d1 and d 2 ? (c) What are the signs of the x and y components of d1 + d2 ?

d1

d2

3. Vectors C and D have magnitude 3 units and 4 units, respectively. What is the angle between the direction of C and D if C D equals (a) zero, (b) 12 units and (c) -12 units?

 4. Vectors C and D have magnitude 3 units and 4 units, respectively. What is the angle between the direction of C and D if C D equals (a) zero, (b) 12 units? Chapter 4 1. The figure shows a circular path taken by a particle. y If the instantaneous velocity of the particle is v = (2 m )i (2 m s) . through which quadrant is j s x the particle moving at that instant it is traveling (a) clockwise and (b) counterclockwise around the circle? For both cases draw v on the figure. 2. Here are four description of the position (in meters) of a puck as it moves in any xy- plane: (1) x = -3t2 + 4t 2 and y = 6t2 4 (3) 2 r = 2t i (4t + 3) j (2) x = -3t2 4 and y = -5t2 + 6 (4) 3 + 3 r = (4t 2t )i j Are the x and y acceleration components constant? Is acceleration a constant? 3. At a certain instant, a fly ball has velocity v = 25i 4.9 (the x-axis is horizontal, j the y-axis is upward, and v is in meters per second). Has the ball passed its highest point? 4. A fly ball is hit to the outfield. During its flight (ignore the effect of air), what happens to its (a) horizontal and (b) vertical components of the velocity? What are the (c) horizontal and (d) vertical components of its acceleration during ascent, during descent, and at the topmost point of its flight? 5. An object moves at constant speed along a circular path in a horizontal xy-plane, with the centre at the origin. When the object is at x = -2m, its velocity is -(4m/s)j. Given the objects (a) velocity and (b) acceleration at y = 2m.