Heat Seeking Fan

Project Proposal

Table of Contents
Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 3
Objective: ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Benefits: ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Features: .................................................................................................................................................. 3

Design ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Block Diagram: ....................................................................................................................................... 4
PIC Block Diagram: ..............................................................................................................................................4

Block Descriptions: ................................................................................................................................. 5 Performance Requirement:.................................................................................................................... 6

Schematic ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Verification ..................................................................................................................................... 8

Testing Procedure: .................................................................................................................................. 8 Tolerance Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 9

Cost Analysis and Schedule ..............................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Cost Analysis: ............................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
Parts .................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Labor ................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Schedule: .................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Ethical Issues ................................................................................................................................. 9 Appendix A: Sample 3D concept ................................................................................................. 10 Appendix B: Flowchart................................................................................................................ 11 Appendix C: Pseudocode ............................................................................................................. 12 Appendix D: Schematic ....................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Introduction
The idea of a heat-seeking fan was developed while sitting in a hot dorm room, one that lacked the modern comforts of air conditioning but sported four simultaneously running fans in an attempt to keep the three occupants cool and comfortable. What if, it was asked, a fan could be created that would locate the hottest object in the room, cool that down, and then proceed to cool down other objects? It would be similar to a periodically rotating fan, but more efficient, since the objects that required cooling would benefit more often instead of only once or twice per rotation.

Objective:
Our goal is to build a system that would, by utilizing a set of sensors, we would locate the hottest object in the room. Once the hottest object has been located, a set of motors will rotate the fan to target and cool the object until a certain preset threshold had been reached, or a certain time had elapsed. Then, it would move on to the next hottest object. This product would not only be ideal for cooling occupants in a room that lacked air conditioning, but it could also function as an emergency backup unit for cooling servers in a server room.

Benefits:
More efficient than periodic rotating fans, since it targets heat sources Supports 360 degrees horizontally, and 90 degrees above the horizontal, so the fan can be left anywhere, leaving the user free to wander the room and remain cooled by the fan Locates and targets hottest object, cooling things by top priority first Saves power by turning off if no hot objects are found

Features:
User Friendly Plug and Cool Multiple cooling speeds / auto-off Multi-purpose: Can function as a server room AC backup

Design
Block Diagram:

PIC Block Diagram:

Block Descriptions:
PIC: A PIC that reads the values from the sensor, analyzes where the fan needs to be pointed based on calculations from the sensor readings, and causes the horizontal and vertical fan motors to change position, based on a pulse width, when necessary. The PIC is powered by the power supply so that it can perform the calculations as well as output various pulse widths to rotate the fan and sensor. Sensor/Temp Reader: This will take temperature readings from the sensor as it rotates around in a spherical shape by the use of two motors (the horizontal sensor servo motor and the vertical sensor servo motor). The sensor will send the data to the logic/code portion of the PIC. Logic/Code: This part of the PIC diagram will take in readings from the sensor and tell the controllers how they should respond. This will tell each controller (horizontal and vertical fan motor controller) the pulse width it needs to output. Horizontal Fan Motor Controller: The horizontal fan motor controller will control the horizontal movement of the fan based on the pulse width it outputs. The logic code will tell the horizontal fan motor controller the pulse width to output. Vertical Fan Motor Controller: The vertical fan motor controller will control the vertical movement of the fan based on the pulse width it outputs. The logic code will tell the vertical fan motor controller the pulse width to output. Fan Speed Controller: As part of the PIC, the fan speed controller will control the speed of the fan as well as turn the fan off. Horizontal Sensor Motor Controller: The horizontal sensor motor controller will control the horizontal movement of the sensor by changing its position from 0 to 360 degrees at a 5 degree increment after each 180 degree vertical movement by the vertical sensor motor controller. This will rotate the sensor in a spherical shape. Vertical Sensor Motor Controller: The vertical sensor motor controller will control the vertical movement of the sensor changing its position from 0 to 180 degrees at a 5 degree increment between each reading. Power Supply: The power supply gives power to the fan, horizontal and vertical fan motors, and the horizontal and vertical sensor motors. Sensor: An infrared thermopile sensor that will take measurements for the hottest object in a room. The sensor will rotate in the horizontal and vertical directions, in a half-spherical shape, to get measurements from around the room. We choose to use a thermopile sensor because it appears to be the best option for non-contact temperature reading. The output of this sensor is an analog signal that is read by the PIC and stored (along with the angle) if its higher than the current hottest reading.

Horizontal Fan Servo Motor: A servo motor to rotate the fan assembly horizontally based on a pulse width from the horizontal fan motor controller in the PIC. This also receives power from the power supply. Vertical Fan Servo Motor: A servo motor to raise and lower the fan assembly vertically based on a pulse width from the vertical fan motor controller in the PIC. This also receives power from the power supply so that it can raise/lower the fan vertically. Fan: A fan that is powered by the power supply. The fan also is connected to the PIC so it can control the speed at which the fan will rotate. The fan is also connected to the horizontal and vertical fan motors so that it can be moved in the horizontal and vertical directions to cool down the object the sensor has spotted. Horizontal Sensor Servo Motor: A servo motor to rotate the sensor from 0 to 180 degrees with a 5 degree increment so that the sensor can take readings from all around the room. The horizontal sensor motor controller in the PIC gives a pulse width to the motor to tell the motor to rotate the sensor. The motor is powered by the power supply so that the sensor can rotate. Vertical Sensor Servo Motor: A servo motor to raise/lower the sensor from 0 to 180 degrees with a 5 degree increment so that the sensor can take readings at each vertical position. With the horizontal sensor servo motor, the sensor can take readings from all around the room. The vertical sensor motor controller in the PIC gives a pulse width to the motor to tell the motor to raise/lower the sensor. The motor is powered by the power supply so that the sensor can rotate.

Performance Requirement:
1. 2. 3. 4. Our fan should target within 15 degrees of the target object. Our sensors should be able to target something 80 degrees Fahrenheit. Our fan will not blow on anything hotter than 200 degrees Fahrenheit (possible fire!). Must be plug and play for average users.

Schematic

PIC: This controls both the two motors for the sensor, as well as the two motors for the fan. The PIC is responsible for calculating the pulse width to send to the servo motors, determined from the target angles desired. It reads in the analog signal from the IR thermopile sensor, as well as keeping track of the angles that the sensor is pointed to. If the signal is stronger than the currently strongest signal, the new angle will be stored. After a full 360 horizontal, 180 vertical sweep, the stored angle will become the new target for the fan.

Thermapile IR Sensor: This was chosen because from the research we did, it appeared to be the best possible choice for a non-contact temperature sensor. Servo Motors: We choose this over stepper motors because its simpler and more efficient than stepper motors (especially in terms of the control circuit).

Verification
Testing Procedure:
1. Fan Vertical Direction Motor Control: Test to make sure the motor is capable of adjusting the fan vertically to the precision desired probably to 10-15 degrees accuracy. a. Run the motor to raise the fan by 15 degrees and measure it to check that the motor is within 10-15 degree accuracy. b. Test the motor by having the fan adjusted 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 degrees vertically and make sure it is within 10-15 degrees of the actual value. 2. Fan Horizontal Direction Motor Control: Test to make sure the motor is capable of adjusting the fan horizontally to the precision desired probably to 10-15 degrees accuracy. a. Run the motor to turn the fan by 45 degrees and measure it to check that the motor is within 10-15 degree accuracy. b. Test the motor by having the fan adjusted 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315, and 360 degrees vertically and make sure it is within 10-15 degrees of the actual value. 3. Fan Speed Controller: Test to make sure we can turn on and off the fan and test to see if there is a varying speed. a. Turn fan on and off to see if it works. b. Giving the fan varying voltages (6V, 12V), check to see if the fan increases in speed. c. Using a heat source, as the heat source increases in the amount of heat given off, check to see if fan increases in speed. 4. Sensor Input Test: Check to make sure sensors are working, and test for the effective angles and distance. Ideally, less than a 45 degree field of view (FOV) and 20 ft distance would be desired. a. Test using oscilloscope, using various heat sources (such as laptops and lighters) to gather the exact voltage returned based on the temperature. b. In a room have a heat source at vertical/horizontal 0 degrees and see if the fan will move towards the heat source. c. Test at 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, 270, 315, and 360 degrees horizontally and see if the fan will move towards the heat source as it changes to a new position each time. The heat source will be turned off while it is moved to a new position where it will be turned on to trigger the sensors and fan. d. Test at 0, 45, and 90 degrees vertically to see if the fan will move towards the heat source as it changes to a new position. The heat source will be turned off as it is moved to a new position to trigger the sensors and fan. 5. Logic test: Check responses to heat sources. Check to make sure PIC operates all five motors (vertical for fan, horizontal for fan, fan, vertical for sensor, horizontal for sensor). a. Using the sensor as the input to the PIC, test the outputs on the oscilloscope to see if the PIC sends a voltage high to the horizontal motor input when different sensors are triggered by a heat source. b. Test to make sure points of heat (ie, a hot desktop tower at 30 above horizontal and 45 horizontal) is recognized and saved on the PIC. Make sure any hotter points will overwrite this point and insert the new angles.

Tolerance Analysis:
The most important aspect of our project is the temperature sensors, and their placement. Currently, we plan to place one at each cardinal direction, one 45 off of each cardinal direction, raised 45 degrees above horizontal, and one 90 degrees above horizontal (straight up). However, due to things such as sources of light, the angle of coverage per sensor, and the effective distance per sensor, we may have to modify this design by experimenting with different placement methods or even different sensors. We will also test distances and effective angles, at steps of 5, 10, 15, and 20 feet away from the sensor, and 15, 30, and 45 degree angles.

Ethical Issues
Ethical issues that exist with our product would be safety of the public and the possibility of injuring others. Since our project requires the use of a fan, someone could potentially become injured from the blades of the fan. In order to prevent this from happening, a cover for the fan will be used to prevent people from being able to injure themselves, yet the fan will still be able to output a constant airflow to cool down its target. Also the ethical issue of being honest and realistic in our claims could arise. The product requires the use of sensors and motors to move the fan towards its target. These items and the calculations could be slightly inaccurate thus we have a margin of error for the horizontal and vertical movement. With the research to acquire data and information about the parts to be used in the product will also be referenced for credit, along with possible donations from companies to aid in the creation of this product.

Appendix A: Sample 3D concept

Red cylinders are motors. Blue is the fan. Green is the temperature sensor. Drawing are not to scale.

Appendix B: Flowchart

Appendix C: Pseudocode
Set "ANSCL" to 0xFE DEFINE DEFINE DEFINE DEFINE DEFINE DEFINE DEFINE Fan_Motor_Horz = "B0" Fan_Motor_Vert = "B1" Sensor_Temp = "RA0" Target_Temp = "Some Input... undetermined" LCD = "Some Output... undetermined" Sensor_Motor_Horz = "B6" Sensor_Motor_Vert = "B7"

While (Main_switch == ON) { Read Target_Temp to PIC Write Target_Temp to LCD Write (0,0) to (Fan_Motor_Vert, Fan_Motor_Horz) Write (0,0) to (Sensor_Motor_Vert, Sensor_Motor_Horz) Set vert = 0 Set horz = 0 Set Highest_Temp = 0 While (horz != 185){ if (Highest_Temp < Sensor_Temp){ Read Sensor_Temp to Highest_Temp Read (vert, horz) to (Highest_vert, Highest_horz) } vert += 5 if (vert == 180){ vert = 0 horz += 5 } Write (vert, horz) to (Sensor_Motor_Vert, Sensor_Motor_Horz) } Enable Fan Write (Highest_vert, Highest_horz) to (Fan_Motor_Vert, Fan_Motor_Horz) Write (Highest_vert, Highest_horz) to (Sensor_Motor_Vert, Sensor_Motor_Horz) While (Sensor_Temp < Target_Temp){ Write (Highest_vert, Highest_horz) to (Fan_Motor_Vert, Fan_Motor_Horz)

Write (Highest_vert, Highest_horz) to (Sensor_Motor_Vert, Sensor_Motor_Horz) }

+5V C2

1u C3 2.2p U1 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 R1 4.7k 8 9 10 RE0/AN5/RD RE1/AN6/WR RE2/AN7/CS OSC1/CLKIN RB0/INT OSC2/CLKOUT RB1 MCLR/Vpp/THV RB2 RB3/PGM RB4 RA0/AN0 RB5 RA1/AN1 RB6/PGC RA2/AN2/VREFRB7/PGD RA3/AN3/VREF+ RA4/T0CKI RC0/T10S0/T1CKI RA5/AN4/SSRC1/T10S1/CCP2 RC2/CCP1 RC3/SCK/SCL RC4/SDI/SDA RC5/SDO RC5/TX/CK RC7/RX/DT 15 16 17 18 23 24 25 26 RD0/PSP0 RD1/PSP1 RD2/PSP2 RD3/PSP3 RD4/PSP4 RD5/PSP5 RD6/PSP6 RD7/PSP7 32 31 VDD VSS PIC16F877 19 20 21 22 27 28 29 30 VDD VSS 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 C1 2.2p

+5V

+5V

Fan Servo Motor V

Fan Servo Motor H

11 12

+5V

+5V

Appendix D: Schematic

Sensor Servo Motor V InfaRed Thermopile Sensor

Sensor Servo Motor H