How To Produce Perfect Magic Squares

How to produce
perfect
magic squares
Author: Arie Breedijk

(8 july 2011)
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
Index
1.
Introduction
2.
Most magic square per order
3.
3x3 magic square
10
4.
3x3 magic square, explanation
11
5.
Sudoku method (1)
13
6.
Sudoku method (2)
20
7.
Sudoku method (3)
25
8.
4x4 panmagic square
30
9.
4x4 panmagic square, explanation
32
10.
4x4 panmagic square, binary
35
11
Drer and Franklin transformation
37
12
Transformation method
40
13.
Transformation method, analysis
46
14.
5x5 panmagic square
48
15.
5x5 panmagic square, explanation
51
16.
6x6 magic square
53
17.
Ultra magic 8x8 squares
54
18.
Most perfect magic square, explanation
57
19.
8x8 most perfect magic square, binary
61
20.
Khajuraho method
66
21.
Khajuraho method, explanation
68
22.
Basic pattern method (1a)
70
23.
Basic pattern method (1b)
77
24.
Basic pattern method (2)
79
25.
81
26.
83
27.
Basic pattern method (3c)
85
28.
87
29.
90
30.
93
31.
96
32.
100
33.
Analysis 8x8 Franklin panmagic
104
34.
Analysis 8x8 Franklin panmagic (2)
110
35.
Basic key method 1
115
36.
Basic key method 2
118
37.
Quadrant method
122
38.
9 x 9 panmagic square
166
39.
3x extra magic 9x9 square
191
40.
10x10 magic square
195
41.
composite 12x12 magic square
198
42.
14x14 magic square
202
43.
15x15 panmagic square
207
44.
3x extra magic 15x15 square
214
45.
The perfect magic square
219
46.
3x extra magic 18x18 magic square
226
47.
Ultra panmagic 25x25 square
231
48.
238
49.
246
50.
extra magic 35x35 square
250
51.
Bordered squares
254
52.
Inlaid square (1)
259
53.
Inlaid square (2)
263
54.
Each magic sum
272
55.
Water retention challenge
273
56.
Most magic 4x4x4 cube
274
57.
Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube
277
58.
Trick with bymagic square
284
59.
My favourite links
287
[1] Introduction
About this e-book
The aim is to present as simple as possible the best information on methods of construction in
order to produce perfect magic squares. To out it simply, squares that have as many magic
features as possible.
In this e-book you find a method of construction for each order and per order you find the most
magic square; see chapter [2].
N.B.: See [7] Sudoku method (3): How to use only one 4x4 Sudoku (with 4x4 the same digits)
and produce (in 9 steps) a 1024x1024 most magic square (with more than a million different
digits).
About the author
My name is Arie Breedijk and I created the website www.perfectmagicsquares.com (= the
content of this e-book). I was born in the Netherlands in 1966. I am married and have two
daughters (born in 2001 and 2004). I work for the Dutch Department of Education (initially as an
auditor and now as a budget administrator). I have no mathematical background.
My first experience with magic squares came when watching Dutch television in 1985 or
thereabouts. A man asked the audience to give him a number (I believe between 1000 and 9999)
and he used the number as magic sum and produced a (impure) 4x4 magic square. I discovered a
key to produce a 4x4 magic square for each random chosen magic sum (see chapter [54] Each
magic sum).
My second experience with magic squares was a media hype that occured in the Netherlands at
the beginning of 2007 after the publication of the most perfect magic square ever. I then read
Arno van den Essen book on magic squares and have since tried to discover methods of
construction to produce perfect magic squares.
[2] Most magic square per order

2.0 What is the most magic square per order?
Does a method exist to produce magic squares of all orders? I give the answer in paragraph 2.1.
Odd, double odd and multiple of four.
It is also important to know that not all magic squares are equally magic. For each order, with
exception of the 3x3 magic square, exist magic squares with extra (= more than the minimum)
magic features. In this e-book you find for each order a magic square with the maximum number
of (extra) magic features.
In paragraph 2.2. Magic features, you find an explanation of the (extra) magic features. In
paragraph 2.3. Most magic squares per order, you find per order a magic square with the
maximum number of (extra) magic features.
2.1. Odd, double odd and multiple of four
Does a method exist to produce magic squares of all orders? According to Wikipedia you need
three different methods to produce magic squares of all orders. You need a method to produce
odd (choose one of the three classic methods to produce an odd [7x7] magic square in chapter
[42] 14x14 magic square), a method to produce double odd (see the medig method in chapter [16]
6x6 magic square) and a method to produce multiples of four (see the classic method to produce a
multiple of four [i.e. the 16x16 inlay] in chapter [46] 3x extra magic 18x18 square).
Does a method exist to produce magic squares of all orders? My answer is yes! Use the method
to produce concentric magic squares (see chapter [51] Bordered squares).
N.B.: In the execution of this method a distinction is made between odd and even orders.
Do you want to produce the most magic squares, you need more methods.
2.2. Magic features
I give an explanation of the (extra) magic features. You need this information to understand, what
I mean by the most magic square per order.
[pure] A magic square is pure if it consists of the digits 1 up to n x n. A pure magic 3x3 square
consists of the digits 1 up to (3 x 3 =) 9. On this website you find only pure magic squares with
exception of chapter [54] Each magic sum.
[minimal magic features] Minimal the addition of the digits of each row/column/diagonal must
give (the same) magic sum.
[magic sum] For each pure magic square you can calculate the magic sum. The magic sum is [(1
+ n x n) / 2] x n. For example the sum of the 3x3 magic square is: [(1 + 3 x 3) / 2) x 3 = 15.
[concentric] An odd concentric magic square consists of a centre of one cell and an even
concentric magic square consists of a centre of 2x2 cells, and you can put borders around it again
and again. For example a concentric magic 14x14 square consists of a (each time proportional)
4x4 in 6x6 in 8x8 in 10x10 in 12x12 in 14x14 magic square.
[panmagic] A magic square is panmagic, if addition of the digits of each pandiagonal gives the
magic sum. Apandiagonal is a broken diagonal, which consists of two parts. The first part is a
line, which starts from the outside row or outside column (but not from a corner) of the magic
square. The second part is a line or a dot (and the dotends in one of the corners of the magic
squares). See for example the pandiagonals of the panmagic 4x4 square in chapter [9] Panmagic
4x4 square, explanation.
[symmetric] In a symmetric magic squares each time addition of two digits, which can be
connected with a straightline through the centre of the magic square and which are at the same
distance to the centre, gives the same sum. The sum is 1 + n x n (for example the sum in
a symmetric 5x5 magic square is: 1 + 5 x 5 = 26). It is also possible that the magic square is not
symmetric as a whole, but the magic square is symmetric in each sub-square (see for example in
chapter [36] Basic key method (2).
[centre] The centre of an odd magic square is the middle cell (n.b.: in the middle cell of an
odd symmetric magic square you find allways the middle digit; for example in a symmetric 5x5
magic square you find the digit 13 in the middle cell). The centre of an even magic square is the
crosspoint of the middle 2x2 cells.
[compact] If a magic square is a multiple of 2, 3, 5, 7, than compact means, that each random
chosen 2x2, 3x3, 5x5, 7x7, sub- square gives the same (proportional part of the) magic sum. A
magic square can be double compact. For example the ultra magic 15x15 square on this website
gives a proportional part of the magic sum for each 3x3 sub-square and for each 5x5 sub-square.
[ultramagic] For an odd order (with execption of the 3x3 magic square) is ultra magic the most
magic square. An odd ultra magic square is always panmagic and symmetric and (if the order of
the square is not a prime number) compact. If possible in the ultra magic square also a part of
each row, column and/or diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum. For example in the
ultra panmagic 27x27 square on this website gives each 1/9 row, 1/9 column and 1/3 diagonal a
proportional part of the magic sum.
[most perfect] For order is multiple of four the most perfect magic square is the most magic
square. Willem Barink teached us, that a little part of the most perfect magic squares has the extra
magic feature X. See for detailed explanation (including the similarities and differences with the
Franklin panmagic square), chapter [18] Most perfect magic squares, explanation.
[Scope] Scope means, the (absolute or relative) number of different magic squares you can
produce by using a method of construction. A scope of 100% means, that you can produce all
6
possible magic squares by using a method of construction. See a method of construction with
100% scope in chapter [19] 8x8 most perfect magic squares, binary.
[prime number] A prime number can only be devided by one or by the number itself.
3. Most magic square per order
See below the most magic square (with the maximum number of magic features) per order.
[3x3] The 3x3 magic square is the only magic square, which has no extra magic features. See
chapter [4] 3x3 magic square, explanation.
[4x4] The most magic 4x4 square is the panmagic 4x4 square. The panmagic 4x4 square is also
the smallest most perfect magic square. The square is panmagic and (2x2) compact. See how you
can produce all (100% scope) panmagic 4x4 squares in chapter [8] 4x4 panmagic square.
[5x5] The most magic 5x5 square is the ultra magic 5x5 square. The ultra magic 5x5 square is
panmagic and symmetric. See the key to produce one (so the scope is 1) ultra magic 5x5 square,
in chapter [14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic square.
[6x6] The most magic 6x6 square is a 6x6 square with a 4x4 panmagic inlay. See how you can
use each panmagic 4x4 square to produce a 4x4 in 6x6 square, in chapter [51] Bordered magic
square.
[7x7] The most magic 7x7 square is the ultra magic 7x7 square. The ultra magic 7x7 square is
panmagic and symmetric. See the key to produce one (so the scope is 1) ultra magic 7x7 square,
in chapter [14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic square.
[8x8] The most magic 8x8 square is a most perfect 8x8 magic square (with the extra magic
feature X). See how you can produce all (is 100% scope) most perfect magic 8x8 squares (with
the extra magic feature X), in chapter [19] 8x8 most perfect magic squares, binary.
[9x9] The most magic 9x9 square is an ultra magic 9x9 square. The ultra magic 9x9 square is
panmagic, symmetric, (3x3) compact and each 1/3 row and 1/3 column gives 1/3 of the magic
sum. See how to produce one (scope of 1) ultra magic 9x9 square, in chapter [38] 9x9 [ultra]
panmagic square.
[10x10] The most magic 10x10 square is a concentric magic 10x10 square. See how to produce
one (scope is 1) con centric magic 10x10 square, in chapter [51] Bordered magic square.
[11x11] The most magic 11x11 square is the ultra magic 11x11 square. The ultra magic
11x11 square is panmagic and symmetric. See the key to produce one (so the scope is 1) ultra
magic 11x11 square, in chapter [14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic square.
[12x12] The most magic 12x12 square is a most perfect magic 12x12 square (with the extra
magic feature X; see chapter [24] Bassic pattern method (2)), or an ultra panmagic 12x12 square
7
(see chapter [36] Basic key method (2)). The ultra panmagic 12x12 square is panmagic,
symmetric inside each 4x4 sub/square, (2x2) compact and each 1/2 row, 1/2 column and
each 1/3 diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum.
[14x14] The most magic 14x14 square is a 14x14 inlaid square. See how you can use each most
perfect magic 8x8 square or each magic 4x4 in 6x6 square to produce a 14x14 inlaid square in
chapter [52] Inlaid square (1).
[15x15] The most magic 15x15 square is an ultra magic 15x15 square. The ultra magic
15x15 square is panmagic, symmetric and double (3x3 and 5x5) compact. See how to produce
one (scope is 1) ultra magic 15x15 square in chapter [43] 15x15 [ultra] panmagic 15x15 square.
[16x16] The most magic 16x16 square is a most perfect 16x16 magic square (with
the extra magic feauture X). See how to use each panmagic 4x4 square to produce a most perfect
magic 16x16 square (with the extra magic feature X), in chapter [27] Basic pattern method (3c).
[18x18] The most magic 18x18 square consists of 3x3 proportional 4x4 in 6x6 squares (see
the third method in chapter [46] 3x extra magic 18x18 square. Each 1/3 row/column/diagonal of
the magic 18x18 square gives 1/3 of the magic sum.
17x17 square is panmagic andsymmetric. See the key to produce one (so the scope is 1) ultra
magic feature X; see chapter [28] Basic pattern method (4)), or an ultra panmagic 20x20 square
(see chapter [36] Basic key method (2)). The ultra panmagic 20x20 square is panmagic,
symmetric inside each 4x4 sub-square, (2x2) compact and each 1/2 row, each 1/2 column
and each 1/5 diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum.
ultra magic 21x21 squares in chapter [43] 15x15 [ultra] panmagic 15x15 square.
[22x22] The most magic 22x22 square is an inlaid square with four panmagic 7x7 inlays and five
panmagic 4x4 inlays. See chapter [53] Inlaid square (2).
8

magic 24x24 square (with the extra magic feature X), in chapter [29] Basic pattern method (5).
25x25 square is panmagic, symmetric, (5x5) compact and each 1/5 row/column/diagonal gives
1/5 of the magic sum. See how to use each ultra magic 5x5 square to produce an ultra magic
25x25 square, in chapter [47] 25x25 ultra panmagic square.
one (scope is 1) concentric magic 26x26 square, in chapter [51] Bordered magic square.
27x27 square is panmagic, symmetric, (3x3) compact and each 1/9 row, 1/9 column and 1/3
diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum. See how to use each ultra magic 9x9 square
to produce an ultra magic 27x27 square, in chapter [48] 27x27 [ultra] panmagic square.
magic feature X; see chapter [30] Basic pattern method (6)), or an ultra panmagic 28x28 square
(see chapter [36] Basic key method (2)). The ultra panmagic28x28 square is panmagic,
symmetric inside each 4x4 sub-square, (2x2) compact and each 1/2 row, each 1/2 column
and each 1/7 diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum.
one (scope is 1) concentric magic 30x30 square, chapter [51] Bordered magic square.
31x31 square is panmagic andsymmetric. See the key to produce one (so the scope is 1) ultra
magic 32x32 square (with the extra magic feature X), in chapter [32] Basic pattern method (7b).
ultra magic 33x33 squares in chapter [43] 15x15 [ultra] panmagic 15x15 square.
one (scope is 1) concentric magic 34x34 square, chapter [51] Bordered magic square.
one (scope is 1) ultra magic 35x35 square, in chapter [49] 35x35 [ultra] panmagic square.
[] etcetera
LEGENDA:
[
] The 3x3 magic square is the only magic square, which has no extra magic features.
[
] For order is multiple of 4 is the most perfect magic square (with the extra magic feature X
of Willem Barink) themost magic square. With the basic pattern method you use 2x2, 3x3, 4x4,
5x5, ... the same panmagic 4x4 square to produce a most perfect (with the extra magic feature
of Willem Barink) 8x8, 12x12, 16x16, 20x20, ... magic square.
N.B.: For odd multiples of 4, is the ultra magic (= panmagic, symmetric, compact and a part of a
row/column/diagonal gives a proportional part of the magic sum) an similar magic alternative.
[
] For order is prime number, there is one method to produce all (= 100% scope)
panmagic squares. Per order I
give one simple key to produce one (scope is 1) ultra magic (= panmagic and symmetric) square.
[
] For order is double odd, extra magic squares are bordered, concentric or inlaid squares.
N.B.: For order is oddmultiple of 6 it is also possible that a part of the row/column/diagonal gives
a proportional part of the magic sum. For example the 18x18 magic square on this website
consists of 9 proportional 4x4 in 6x6 squares and each 1/3 row/column/diagonal gives 1/3 of the
magic sum.
[
] For order is tripartite (for example: order 9 = 3x3 or order 27 = 3x3x3) is ultra magic
(panmagic, symmetric, 3x3 compact) and each 3/n row/column and each 9/n diagonal gives a
proportinal part of the magic sum (for example 1/9 row/column and 1/3 diagonal of the 27x27
magic square gives a proportional part of the magic sum) the most magic square.
[
] For order is a multiple of two different prime numbers, is ultra magic (panmagic,
symmetric and double compact) the most magic square.
[
] For order is prime number x prime number (with exception of the 9x9 magic square) is
ultra magic (panmagic, symmetric and compact) and each 1/prime number row/column/
diagonal gives 1 / prime number of the magic sum (for example 1/5 row/column/diagonal of the
25x25 square gives 1/5 of the magic sum) the most magic square.
10
[3] 3x3 magic square

The story of Lowi
Hello I am Lowi, a five thousand year old turtle. I live in the river Lo (the yellow river) in China.
Heres my story!
When I was young (in the year 2800 before Christ) I was a servant of the river god. When the
river god was angry the river would overflow. The people of a village near by the river would
place a gift by the bank of the river. They hoped the river god would accept the gift, and the river
would not overflow again. Each time as the villagers placed a gift by the bank of the river I
would come out of the river and walk around the gift.
One day there was a little boy near by the river. He looked at my shell and saw that my shellpattern consisted of nine cells. The nine cells contain 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 dots. He repeatedly
counted the dots of 3 cells (horizontal, vertical or diagonal) in a row. Each time the little boy
counted 15 dots.
The little boy went to the headman of the village and told him about the spots on my shell. The
headman organised a meeting. The villagers deceided to place 15 gifts by the bank of the river.
I came out of the river and I walked 15 times around the presents. Thats a long time for a turtle!
Then the river god appeared. He accepted the gifts and indicated to the villagers that the river
would not overflow again.
So, that was a pretty exciting story, wasnt it! Would you like to find out how to make the magic
square from my story. There are eight different ways to make the 3x3 magic square. You will
need the following 3 instructions for this:
[instruction 1] Always put the 5 in the middle of the square.
[instruction 2] Always put the 2, 4, 6 and 8 always in one of the corners of the square.
[instruction 3] Always put the 2 and 8 and the 4 and 6 always in the same diagonal (so not
in the same row or the same column).
Print this page and get stuck in.

Have fun!!!
11
[4] 3x3 magic square, explanation

What is a 3x3 magic square?
The 3x3 magic square is square, because it has as many rows (from left to right = horizontal) as
columns (from top to bottom = vertical).
The 3x3 magic square consists of 3 rows which multiplied by 3 columns is 9 cells.
The 3x3 magic square must contain 9 different digits. A pure magic 3x3 square contains the
digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.
The magic square is magic, because the sum of the digits of each row, each column and both
diagonals always give the same result. The sum can be calculated as follows, the (odd) size of the
square multiplied by the middle digit: 3 x 5 = 15.
What is the secret behind the 3x3 magic square?
The secret behind the 3x3 magic square is easy to explane. If you must take 3 (different) digits
out of the digits 1 up to 9, which total each time to 15, than there are the following possibilities:
1+5+9
1+6+8
2+4+9
2+5+8
2+6+7
3+4+8
3+5+7
4+5+6.
There are 8 possibilities.
The minimum features of the 3x3 square are 3 row features plus 3 column features plus 2
diagonal features total to 8 features. Because there are 8 possibilities and 8 features, there is only
one solution of the 3x3 magic square.
If we count the appearance of the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 in the 8 possibilities, than we get the
following result:
1 = 2x
12
2=
3=
4=
5=
6=
7=
8=
9=
3x
2x
3x
4x
3x
2x
3x
2x
The middle cell takes part of the middle row, the middle column and both diagonals, that is 4
features. That is why you must always put the 5 in the middle cell. The corners take part of one
row, one column and one diagonal, that is 3 features. That is why you must put the 2, 4, 6 and 8
(= even digits) always in the corners. Fill the digits 1, 3, 7 en 9 in the empty cells (in the middle
of the sides). Because you put the 5 in the middle, the sum of the other two cells of a diagonal
must be (15 - 5 = ) 10. To get the total of 10 with the even digits in the corners there are only two
possibilities: 2+8 or 4+6. That is why you must put 2 and 8 or 4 and 6 in the same diagonal.
Like I have already told, there is only one solution of the 3x3 magic square, that is excluding
rotation and/or mirrorring (see explanation chapter [8] panmagic 4x4 square). Including rotation
and/or mirroring there are (1 x 8 = ) 8 solutions of the 3x3 square
How to produce a 3x3 magic square?
A trick to produce the 3x3 square is the diagonal method of (the Dutch) professor van der Blij:
1
4
7
2
5
3
6
4
3
8
9
5
1
2
7
6
13
[5] Sudoku method (1)

From Sudoku to (pan)magic square
A Sudoku mostly consists of 9 rows and 9 columns. Each row and each column (and each nonet)
must contain all the digits from 1 to 9. Using a 4x4 Sudoku (which consists of 4 rows and 4
columns) you can produce a magic square when you follow the next four steps.
(1st) Do not fill in the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4, but fill in the digits 0, 1, 2, 3. Ensure that every row,
column and diagonal contains all the digits 0, 1, 2 and 3.
(2nd) Produce a second 4x4 Sudoku by rotating the first Sudoku (a quarter turn to the right).
(3rd) Take a digit from the first Sudoku multiplied by 4 and add (1x) the digit from the same cell
of the second Sudoku.
(4th) Add 1 to each cell.
4x
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
+
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
1x
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
=
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
+1
2
5 11 12
15
8
6
1
4
3 13 10
9 14
0
7
This magic square also just happens to be a panmagic square!
Information for whiz kids:

14
magic square
3
6 12 13
16
9
7
2
5
4 14 11
10 15
1
8
It is possible to use the Sudoku patterns of the panmagic 4x4 square to produce a Franklin
panmagic 8x8 square. You need three 8x8 Sudoku patterns.
The first 8x8 Sudoku pattern is a 2x2 carpet of the first 4x4 Sudoku pattern.
To produce the second 8x8 Sudoku pattern you need to split up the second 4x4 Sudoku pattern
in two sub-squares and enter digits from the same sub-square in the empty cells crosswise:
split up the (2nd ) 4x4 Sudoku pattern:
1
3
0
2
1
2
0
0
3
Enter digits in the empty cells crosswise:

0
3
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
Combine the 2 sub-squares and add the same 2 sub-squares to the bottom.
The third 8x8 Sudoku pattern is fixed (= column pattern of the basic pattern method).
4x digit from first pattern
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
+ 1x digit from second pattern + 16x digit from third pattern=
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
+1
0
15
52
59
16
31
36
43
53
58
1
14
37
42
17
30
11
4
63
48
27
20
47
32
62
49
10
5
46
33
26
21
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
=
2
13
54
57
18
29
38
41
55
56
3
12
39
40
19
28
9
6
61
50
25
22
45
34
60
51
8
7
44
35
24
23
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
Franklin panmagic 8x8 square

1
16
53
60
17
32
37
44
54
59
2
15
38
43
18
31
12
5
64
49
28
21
48
33
63
50
11
6
47
34
27
22
3
14
55
58
19
30
39
42
56
57
4
13
40
41
20
29
10
7
62
51
26
23
46
35
61
52
9
8
45
36
25
24
Note that above mentioned method is the Sudoku version of the basic pattern method (see
chapter 22).
15
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
It is also possible to use the Sudoku patterns of the panmagic8x8 square to produce a perfect
Franklin panmagic 16x16 square. You need four 16x16 Sudoku patterns.
The first and second 16x16 Sudoku pattern is a 2x2 carpet of the first respectively second 8x8
Sudoku pattern.
The third and fourth 16x16 Sudoku pattern are fixed patterns (the third and fourth pattern
together = the column pattern of the basic pattern method).
4x digit from first pattern
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1x digit from second pattern

1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
16x digit from third (fixed) pattern

2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
64x digit from fourth (fixed) pattern

0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
Add 1 to each digit and you produce the following magic square.
16
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
Perfect Franklin panmagic 16x16 square

33
16
245
220
49
32
229
204
97
80
181
156
113
96
165
140
246
219
34
15
230
203
50
31
182
155
98
79
166
139
114
95
12
37
224
241
28
53
208
225
76
101
160
177
92
117
144
161
223
242
11
38
207
226
27
54
159
178
75
102
143
162
91
118
35
14
247
218
51
30
231
202
99
78
183
154
115
94
167
138
248
217
36
13
232
201
52
29
184
153
100
77
168
137
116
93
10
39
222
243
26
55
206
227
74
103
158
179
90
119
142
163
221
244
9
40
205
228
25
56
157
180
73
104
141
164
89
120
1
48
213
252
17
64
197
236
65
112
149
188
81
128
133
172
214
251
2
47
198
235
18
63
150
187
66
111
134
171
82
127
44
5
256
209
60
21
240
193
108
69
192
145
124
85
176
129
255
210
43
6
239
194
59
22
191
146
107
70
175
130
123
86
3
46
215
250
19
62
199
234
67
110
151
186
83
126
135
170
216
249
4
45
200
233
20
61
152
185
68
109
136
169
84
125
42
7
254
211
58
23
238
195
106
71
190
147
122
87
174
131
253
212
41
8
237
196
57
24
189
148
105
72
173
132
121
88
It is possible to double the size of the square again and again. For example to produce a perfect
Franklin panmagic 32x32 square you need five 32x32 Sudoku patterns. The first and the second
32x32 pattern is a 2x2 carpet of the first respectively second 16x16 Sudoku pattern. The third,
fourth and fifth 32x32 Sudoku pattern are the following three new fixed Sudoku patterns:
17
16x digit from third (fixed) pattern

2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
18
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
64x digit from fourth (fixed) pattern

2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
19
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
256x digit from fifth (fixed) pattern

0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
20
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1

MOST MAGIC 12x12 SQUARE:
It is also possible to produce squares that are odd multiples of 4, for example the 12x12 square.
You need the following 2 Sudoku patterns:
The first pattern of the 12x12 square is a 3x3 carpet of the second (dont split it up!) pattern
of the 4x4 panmagic square (see chapter[4] Sudoku method (1)).
The second pattern of the 12x12 square is a fixed pattern.
1x digit from the first pattern
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
3
32
33
2
9
26
27
8
15
20
21
14
32
3
2
33
26
9
8
27
20
15
14
21
2
33
32
3
8
27
26
9
14
21
20
15
4x digit from the second (fixed) pattern

35
0
5
30
29
6
11
24
23
12
17
18
5
30
35
0
11
24
29
6
17
18
23
12
30
5
0
35
24
11
6
29
18
17
12
23
0
35
30
5
6
29
24
11
12
23
18
17
34
1
4
31
28
7
10
25
22
13
16
19
4
31
34
1
10
25
28
7
16
19
22
13
31
4
1
34
25
10
7
28
19
16
13
22
1
34
31
4
7
28
25
10
13
22
19
16
33
2
3
32
27
8
9
26
21
14
15
20
Add 1 to each digit and you produce the following magic square:
21
Most magic 12x12 square

143 22 124
1 139
4 121 23 142
8
21 144
2 123 17
122
3 141 24 126
119 46 100 25 115
28 97 47 118 32
45 120 26 99 41
98 27 117 48 102
95 70 76 49 91
52 73 71 94 56
69 96 50 75 65
74 51 93 72 78
18
125
140
7
42
101
116
31
66
77
92
55
128
19
6
137
104
43
30
113
80
67
54
89
5
138
127
20
29
114
103
44
53
90
79
68
135
12
13
130
111
36
37
106
87
60
61
82
14
129
136
11
38
105
112
35
62
81
88
59
132
15
10
133
108
39
34
109
84
63
58
85
9
134
131
16
33
110
107
40
57
86
83
64
See chapter [33] Basic key method (2) option a and b of the 12x12 most magic square and note
that the 12x12 square mentioned above has different magic features. The above mentioned 12x12
square is Franklin panmagic (not on but) on 1/3 of the rows, 1/3 of the columns and 1/3 of
the [parallel] [mirrored] [bent] diagonals.
You can use the method mentioned above to produce perfect Franklin (for odd multiples of four:
Franklin) panmagic squares for each multiple of four. You need the (2x2, 3x3, 4x4, ) carpet
of the 4x4 Sudoku pattern and a fixed (8x8, 12x12, 16x16, ) pattern.
1x digit
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
and
4x digit from fixed 8x8 pattern
15
12
14
13
12
15
13
14
15
12
14
13
12
15
13
14
11
10
11
10
11
10
11
10
or
22

35
30
34
31
33
32
30
35
31
34
32
33
35
30
34
31
33
32
30
35
31
34
32
33
29
11
24
28
10
25
27
26
24
11
29
25
10
28
26
27
11
29
24
10
28
25
27
26
24
29
11
25
28
10
26
27
23
17
18
12
22
16
19
13
21
15
20
14
12
18
17
23
13
19
16
22
14
20
15
21
17
23
12
18
16
22
13
19
15
21
14
20
18
12
23
17
19
13
22
16
20
14
21
15
or
63
56
62
57
61
58
60
59
56
63
57
62
58
61
59
60
63
56
62
57
61
58
60
59
56
63
57
62
58
61
59
60
55
15
48
54
14
49
53
13
50
10
52
12
51
11
48
15
55
49
14
54
10
50
13
53
11
51
12
52
15
55
48
14
54
49
13
53
10
50
12
52
11
51
48
55
15
49
54
14
50
10
53
13
51
11
52
12
47
23
40
16
46
22
41
17
45
21
42
18
44
20
43
19
16
40
23
47
17
41
22
46
18
42
21
45
19
43
20
44
23
47
16
40
22
46
17
41
21
45
18
42
20
44
19
43
40
16
47
23
41
17
46
22
42
18
45
21
43
19
44
20
39
31
32
24
38
30
33
25
37
29
34
26
36
28
35
27
24
32
31
39
25
33
30
38
26
34
29
37
27
35
28
36
31
39
24
32
30
38
25
33
29
37
26
34
28
36
27
35
32
24
39
31
33
25
38
30
34
26
37
29
35
27
36
28
or
23
99
90
98
91
97
92
96
93
95
94
90
99
91
98
92
97
93
96
94
95
99
90
98
91
97
92
96
93
95
94
90
99
91
98
92
97
93
96
94
95
89
19
80
10
88
18
81
11
87
17
82
12
86
16
83
13
85
15
84
14
10
80
19
89
11
81
18
88
12
82
17
87
13
83
16
86
14
84
15
85
19
89
10
80
18
88
11
81
17
87
12
82
16
86
13
83
15
85
14
84
80
10
89
19
81
11
88
18
82
12
87
17
83
13
86
16
84
14
85
15
79
29
70
20
78
28
71
21
77
27
72
22
76
26
73
23
75
25
74
24
20
70
29
79
21
71
28
78
22
72
27
77
23
73
26
76
24
74
25
75
29
79
20
70
28
78
21
71
27
77
22
72
26
76
23
73
25
75
24
74
70
20
79
29
71
21
78
28
72
22
77
27
73
23
76
26
74
24
75
25
69
39
60
30
68
38
61
31
67
37
62
32
66
36
63
33
65
35
64
34
30
60
39
69
31
61
38
68
32
62
37
67
33
63
36
66
34
64
35
65
39
69
30
60
38
68
31
61
37
67
32
62
36
66
33
63
35
65
34
64
60
30
69
39
61
31
68
38
62
32
67
37
63
33
66
36
64
34
65
35
59
49
50
40
58
48
51
41
57
47
52
42
56
46
53
43
55
45
54
44
40
50
49
59
41
51
48
58
42
52
47
57
43
53
46
56
44
54
45
55
49
59
40
50
48
58
41
51
47
57
42
52
46
56
43
53
45
55
44
54
50
40
59
49
51
41
58
48
52
42
57
47
53
43
56
46
54
44
55
45
or
24

143
11 132
0 142
10 133
1 141
9 134
2 140
8 135
3 139
7 136
4 138
6 137
0 132
11 143
1 133
10 142
2 134
9 141
3 135
8 140
4 136
7 139
5 137
6 138
11 143
0 132
10 142
1 133
9 141
2 134
8 140
3 135
7 139
4 136
6 138
5 137
132
0 143
11 133
1 142
10 134
2 141
9 135
3 140
8 136
4 139
7 137
5 138
131
23 120
12 130
22 121
13 129
21 122
14 128
20 123
15 127
19 124
16 126
18 125
17
12 120
23 131
13 121
22 130
14 122
21 129
15 123
20 128
16 124
19 127
17 125
18 126
23 131
12 120
22 130
13 121
21 129
14 122
20 128
15 123
19 127
16 124
18 126
17 125
120
12 131
23 121
13 130
22 122
14 129
21 123
15 128
20 124
16 127
19 125
17 126
18
119
35 108
24 118
34 109
25 117
33 110
26 116
32 111
27 115
31 112
28 114
30 113
29
24 108
35 119
25 109
34 118
26 110
33 117
27 111
32 116
28 112
31 115
29 113
30 114
35 119
24 108
34 118
25 109
33 117
26 110
32 116
27 111
31 115
28 112
30 114
29 113
108
24 119
35 109
25 118
34 110
26 117
33 111
27 116
32 112
28 115
31 113
29 114
30
107
47
96
36 106
46
97
37 105
45
98
38 104
44
99
39 103
43 100
40 102
42 101
41
36
96
47 107
37
97
46 106
38
98
45 105
39
99
44 104
40 100
43 103
41 101
42 102
36
96
46 106
37
97
45 105
38
98
44 104
39
43 103
40 100
42 102
41 101
96
36 107
47
97
37 106
46
98
38 105
45
99
39 104
44 100
40 103
43 101
41 102
42
95
59
84
48
94
58
85
49
93
57
86
50
92
56
87
51
91
55
88
52
90
54
89
53
48
84
59
95
49
85
58
94
50
86
57
93
51
87
56
92
52
88
55
91
53
89
54
90
59
95
48
84
58
94
49
85
57
93
50
86
56
92
51
87
55
91
52
88
54
90
53
89
84
48
95
59
85
49
94
58
86
50
93
57
87
51
92
56
88
52
91
55
89
53
90
54
83
71
72
60
82
70
73
61
81
69
74
62
80
68
75
63
79
67
76
64
78
66
77
65
60
72
71
83
61
73
70
82
62
74
69
81
63
75
68
80
64
76
67
79
65
77
66
78
71
83
60
72
70
82
61
73
69
81
62
74
68
80
63
75
67
79
64
76
66
78
65
77
72
60
83
71
73
61
82
70
74
62
81
69
75
63
80
68
76
64
79
67
77
65
78
66
47 107
99
or
See complete classification of all 368640 most perfect 8x8 magic squares in 6 groups (including
Sudoku method 2): [34] Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 square (2)
25

How to use only one 4x4 Sudoku to produce (in 9 steps) a most magic 1024x1024 square
4x4 Sudoku
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
STEP 1
First we use the 4x4 Sudoku to produce a 4x4 panmagic square. You need the 4x4 Sudoku plus
an - on the 2x2 carpet shifted (1 tot the right and 1 down) - version of the same 4x4 Sudoku.
4x4 Sudoku shifted on the 2x2 carpet
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
Take 4x a digit from the 4x4 Sudoku and add 1x a digit of the same cell from the shifted 4x4
Sudoku and add 1 to each digit to produce a 4x4 panmagic square.
4x digit
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
+ 1x digit
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
3
0
1
0
1
2
3
=
3
2
1
0
1
0
3
2
+1
10
4 15
1
7
9
2 12
0 14
5 11
13
3
8
6
= 4x4 panmagic square

11
5 16
2
8 10
3 13
1 15
6 12
14
4
9
7
STEP 2
Use the 4x4 panmagic square to produce a 8x8 Franklin panmagic square. You need the 2x2
carpet of the 4x4 panmagic square plus an 8x8 Sudoku pattern.
26
Use the 4x4 Sudoku to produce the 8x8 Sudoku pattern. Put next to the 4x4 Sudoku a second 4x4
Sudoku by switching the left and the right half. Put below the first and the second 4x4 Sudoku a
third and a fourth 4x4 Sudoku by switching the top and the bottom half.
Take 1x a digit from the 2x2 carpet of the 4x4 panmagic square and add 16x a digit of the same
cell from the 8x8 Sudoku pattern to produce a 8x8 most perfect (Franklin pan)magic square.
1x digit
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
5 16 2 11 5 16 2
10 3 13 8 10 3 13
15 6 12 1 15 6 12
4 9 7 14 4 9 7
5 16 2 11 5 16 2
10 3 13 8 10 3 13
15 6 12 1 15 6 12
4 9 7 14 4 9 7
16x digit
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
= 8x8 Franklin panm. square

0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
43
24
1
62
11
56
33
30
21
42
63
4
53
10
31
36
64
3
22
41
32
35
54
9
2
61
44
23
34
29
12
55
59
8
17
46
27
40
49
14
5
58
47
20
37
26
15
52
48
19
6
57
16
51
38
25
18
45
60
7
50
13
28
39
STEP 3
Use the 8x8 Franklin panmagic square to produce a most perfect 16x16 (Franklin pan)magic
square. You need the 2x2 carpet of the 8x8 Franklin panmagic square plus an 16x16 Sudoku
pattern.
Use the 8x8 Sudoku pattern to produce the 16x16 Sudoku pattern. Put next to the 8x8 Sudoku
pattern a second 8x8 Sudoku pattern by switching the left and the right half. Put below the first
and the second 8x8 Sudoku pattern a third and a fourth 8x8 Sudoku pattern by switching the top
and the bottom half.
Take 1x a digit from the 2x2 carpet of the 8x8 Franklin panmagic square and add (16 x 4 = ) 64x
a digit of the same cell from the 16x16 Sudoku pattern to produce a most perfect 16x16 (Franklin
pan)magic square.
27
1x digit
43
24
1
62
11
56
33
30
43
24
1
62
11
56
33
30
21
42
63
4
53
10
31
36
21
42
63
4
53
10
31
36
64
3
22
41
32
35
54
9
64
3
22
41
32
35
54
9
2
61
44
23
34
29
12
55
2
61
44
23
34
29
12
55
59
8
17
46
27
40
49
14
59
8
17
46
27
40
49
14
5
58
47
20
37
26
15
52
5
58
47
20
37
26
15
52
48
19
6
57
16
51
38
25
48
19
6
57
16
51
38
25
18
45
60
7
50
13
28
39
18
45
60
7
50
13
28
39
43
24
1
62
11
56
33
30
43
24
1
62
11
56
33
30
21
42
63
4
53
10
31
36
21
42
63
4
53
10
31
36
64
3
22
41
32
35
54
9
64
3
22
41
32
35
54
9
2
61
44
23
34
29
12
55
2
61
44
23
34
29
12
55
59
8
17
46
27
40
49
14
59
8
17
46
27
40
49
14
5
58
47
20
37
26
15
52
5
58
47
20
37
26
15
52
48
19
6
57
16
51
38
25
48
19
6
57
16
51
38
25
18
45
60
7
50
13
28
39
18
45
60
7
50
13
28
39
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
+
64x digit
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
28
Most perfect 16x16 (Franklin pan)magic square

171
88
1
254
11
248
161
94
43
216
129
126
139
120
33
222
85
170
255
4
245
10
95
164
213
42
127
132
117
138
223
36
256
3
86
169
96
163
246
9
128
131
214
41
224
35
118
137
2
253
172
87
162
93
12
247
130
125
44
215
34
221
140
119
251
8
81
174
91
168
241
14
123
136
209
46
219
40
113
142
5
250
175
84
165
90
15
244
133
122
47
212
37
218
143
116
176
83
6
249
16
243
166
89
48
211
134
121
144
115
38
217
82
173
252
7
242
13
92
167
210
45
124
135
114
141
220
39
235
24
65
190
75
184
225
30
107
152
193
62
203
56
97
158
21
234
191
68
181
74
31
228
149
106
63
196
53
202
159
100
192
67
22
233
32
227
182
73
64
195
150
105
160
99
54
201
66
189
236
23
226
29
76
183
194
61
108
151
98
157
204
55
187
72
17
238
27
232
177
78
59
200
145
110
155
104
49
206
69
186
239
20
229
26
79
180
197
58
111
148
101
154
207
52
240
19
70
185
80
179
230
25
112
147
198
57
208
51
102
153
18
237
188
71
178
77
28
231
146
109
60
199
50
205
156
103
STEP 4 UP TO 9
Repeat step 3, six times . Produce successively a perfect Franklin panmagic 32x32, 64x64,
128x128, 256x256, 512x512 and 1024x1024 square (= most magic 1024x1024 square).
Notify that all used squares and Sudoku patterns are products from the same 4x4 Sudoku.
The 4x4 Sudoku is a duplicater. I found the following 32 duplicaters:
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
2
1
0
3
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
3
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
2
3
0
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
10
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
11
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
12
0
3
2
1
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
3
0
1
2
29
13
1
0
3
2
2
3
0
1
0
1
2
3
3
2
1
0
14
2
3
0
1
0
1
2
3
3
2
1
0
1
0
3
2
15
0
1
2
3
3
2
1
0
1
0
3
2
2
3
0
1
16
3
2
1
0
1
0
3
2
2
3
0
1
0
1
2
3
17
2
0
3
1
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
3
1
2
0
18
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
19
0
2
1
3
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
1
3
0
2
20
3
1
2
0
2
0
3
1
1
3
0
2
0
2
1
3
21
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
22
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
23
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
24
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
25
3
1
2
0
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
2
0
3
1
26
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
27
1
3
0
2
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
0
2
1
3
28
2
0
3
1
3
1
2
0
0
2
1
3
1
3
0
2
29
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
30
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
31
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
32
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
There are 384 panmagic 4x4 squares. So with the 32 duplicaters there are 384 x 32 is 12288
possibilities to produce a most perfect (Franklin pan)magic 8x8 square.
It is also possible to swap row 1&3 and/or row 2&4 and/or row 5&7 and/or row 6&8 and/or
column 1&2 and/or column 2&4 and/or column 5&7 and/or column 6&8 (that gives 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 256 options). But Swapping rows and/or columns gives a lot (unknown number)
of double solutions.
See a complete classification of all 368640 most perfect 8x8 squares in 6 groups (including
Sudoku method 3): [34] Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 (2)
30
[8] 4x4 panmagic squares

How to produce 4x4 panmagic squares
Excluding rotation and/or mirroring there are 880 different pure magic 4x4 squares. Of the 880
squares 48 are panmagic. These panmagic squares have (as well as the bigger [Franklin]
panmagic squares) the following pattern:
1
8 10 15
12 13
3
6
7
2 16
9
14 11
5
4
The sum of two digits of the same colour is each time (the highest digit of the magic square + 1,
in this case 16+1=) 17. For the patterns of all 880 pure magic 4x4 squares, got to: www.magicsquares.net/transform.htm
You only need to know 3 panmagic squares to produce all (excluding rotation and/or mirroring)
48 panmagic squares:
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 11 14
15 10
5
4
6
3 16
9
12 13
2
7
1
8 10 15
14 11
5
4
7
2 16
9
12 13
3
6
On the 2x2 carpet of one of the three 4x4 squares you can find 16 different 4x4 sub-squares. See
the following example of the third square:
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
10 15
1
8 10 15
3
6 12 13
3
6
16
9
7
2 16
9
5
4 14 11
5
4
10 15
1
8 10 15
3
6 12 13
3
6
16
9
7
2 16
9
5
4 14 11
5
4
Select a random 4x4 sub-square on the carpet (stay out of the gray area, because of double
solutions). The (for example yellow marked) selected 4x4 sub-square can be rotated and/or
mirrored (see below for what happens to the digits):
Selected 4x4 square
4 14 11
Mirroring
31
5 11 14
15
1
8 10
6 12 13
3
9
7
2 16
10
8
1 15
3 13 12
6
16
2
7
9
A quarter turn
9
6 15
4
7 12
1 14
2 13
8 11
16
3 10
5
Mirroring
4 15
6
9
14
1 12
7
11
8 13
2
5 10
3 16
2x quarter turn
16
2
7
9
3 13 12
6
10
8
1 15
5 11 14
4
Mirroring
9
7
2 16
6 12 13
3
15
1
8 10
4 14 11
5
3x quarter turn
5 10
3 16
11
8 13
2
14
1 12
7
4 15
6
9
Mirroring
16
3 10
5
2 13
8 11
7 12
1 14
9
6 15
4
There are 3 basic 4x4 panmagic squares. On the 2x2 carpet of one of the three 4x4 squares you
can find 16 different 4x4 sub-squares (3x16=48). When you rotate and/or mirror one of the 48
different 4x4 squares, you can find 8 different 4x4 squares. So 3 x 16 x 8 results in 384 different
panmagic 4x4 squares (including rotation and/or mirroring).
32
[9] 4x4 panmagic squares, explanation

What is a 4x4 magic square?
digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16.
diagonals always give the same result. The sum can be calculated as follows, the (even) size of
the square divided by 2 multiplied by the lowest plus the highest digit: 4 / 2 x (1 + 16) = 34.
What is a 4x4 panmagic square?
A 4x4 panmagic square has the above mentioned row-, column- and diagonal features (=
minimum features) plus extra magic features.
The extra magic features of the panmagic 4x4 square are:
- Each 2x2 sub-square has the same (magic) sum (= 34);
- Each 4x4 sub-square on a carpet of 2x2 (see below) is panmagic (in the carpet you can
find 16 different 4x4 panmagic squares).
Each 4x4 subsquare on the 2x2 carpet is panmagic, because of the parallel running diagonals on
the carpet. The sum of the digits of four sequencing cells on a diagonal is always 34 (= the magic
sum).
33
(pan)diagonals from left to right
(pan)diagonals from right to left
Notify that in a 4x4 sub-square not only the sum of the four digits of the ordinary diagonals but
also the sum of the four digits of the (six) broken diagonals (= pandiagonals) is 34; see below.
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
What is the secret behind the panmagic 4x4 square

How to get each time the same (magic) sum? Add the the lowest digit to the highest digit, the
second lowest digit to the second highest digit, the third lowest digit to the third highest digit, .
If you split up the digits of the 4x4 square in 1 up to 8 and 9 up to 16, than you get:
1+8 = 2+7 = 3+6 = 4+5 = 9 and 9+16 = 10+15 = 11+14 = 12+13 = 25
See the panmagic 4x4 square below.
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
Each row consists of 9 + 25 = the magic sum of 34.

The square is panmagic because of the following structure (= the structure for all panmagic
squares that are multiples of 4; 4x4, 8x8, 12x12, ):
34
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
The sum of two digits of the same colour is each time (the highest digit of the magic square + 1,
in this case 16+1=) 17, that is half of the magic sum. Each time with two colours you can produce
one of the (pan)diagonals, which total to (2 x 17 = ) the magic sum of 34:
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
How to produce 4x4 panmagic squares?

The trick is to learn the 3 basic panmagic 4x4 squares by heart; see in chapter [8] Panmagic
4x4 square.
35
[10] 4x4 panmagic square, binary

You can split up the three panmagic 4x4 basic squares (see chapter [8] panmagic 4x4 square) in
binary patterns:
1x digit
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
+
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1x digit
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1x digit
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
+
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
+
1
0
0
1
2x digit
0
1
0
1
+
1
0
1
0
2x digit
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
+
0
1
0
1
2x digit
1
0
1
0
+
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
4x digit
0
1
1
0
+
1
1
0
0
4x digit
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
4x digit
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
+
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
H2a
1 1
0 0
1 1
0 0
V1a
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
H1b
1 0
0 1
1 0
0 1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
H2b
0 0
1 1
0 0
1 1
1
0
1
0
V1b
36
panm. 4x4 s.
1 8 11 14
15 10 5 4
6 3 16 9
12 13 2 7
1
0
1
0
There are the following 4x 2 binary patterns to produce panmagic 4x4 squares:
H1a
0 1
1 0
0 1
1 0
panm. 4x4 s.
1 8 13 12
15 10 3 6
4 5 16 9
14 11 2 7
1
0
1
0
8x digit +1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
8x digit +1
0
1
0
1
+
0
1
1
0
8x digit +1
panm. 4x4 s.
1 8 10 15
14 11 5 4
7 2 16 9
12 13 3 6
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
V2a
1 0
0 1
0 1
1 0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
V2b
0 1
1 0
1 0
0 1
0
1
1
0
Take the following 3 steps:

[1] Choose H1a or H1b and H2a or H2b and V1a or V1b and V2a or V2b (in the example
below has been chosen for H1b, H2b, V1b and V2a). There are 2x2x2x2 = 16 possibilities.
[2] Choose the sequence H1H2V1V2 or H1H2V2V1 or H1V1H2V2 or H1V1V2H2 or
H1V2H2V1 or H1V2V1H2 or H2H1V1V2 or H2H1V2V1 or H2V1H1V2 or H2V1V2H1 or
H2V2H1V1 or H2V2V1H1 or V1H1H2V2 or V1H1V2H2 or V1H2H1V2 or V1H2V2H1 or
V1V2H1H2 or V1V2H2H1 or V2H1H2V1 or V2H1V1H2 or V2H2H1V1 or V2H2V1H1 or
V2V1H1H2 or V2V1H2H1 (in the example below has been chosen for sequence H1H2V2V1).
There are 24 possibilities.
[3] Produce the panmagic 4x4 square:
1x digit (H1b) +
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
2x digit (H2b) +
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
4x digit (V2a) +
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
8x digit (V1b) +1 = panm. 4x4 s.

1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
12 6 9 7
13 3 16 2
8 10 5 11
1 15 4 14
Notify tha you can produce all 16 (see step 1) x 24 (see step 2) = 384 panmagic 4x4 squares
(including rotating and/or mirroring) !!!
37
[11] Drer and Franklin transformation

It is possible to use transformation to produce the famous magic square of Albrecht Drer or the
famous magic square of Benjamin Franklin. Transformation means, that you swap systematically
(in one or more steps) the digits of a square with sequencing digits into a pure magic square.
DRER TRANSFORMATION
The easiest transformation consists of only one step. Swap the digits in the corners and in the
middle of a 4x4 square with sequencing digits, crosswise:
28 32 36 40
34
10
26
42
58
34 34 34 34
34
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
34
34
34
34
34
34
16 2 3 13
5 11 10 8
9 7 6 12
4 14 15 1
Use only one extra step to produce the famous magic square of Albrecht Drer:
Drers magic square:
28 32 36 40
34
10
26
42
58
28 36 32 40
34
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
34
10
26
42
58
34 34 34 34
34
1 3 2 4
5 7 6 8
9 11 10 12
13 15 14 16
34
34
34
34
34
34
16 3 2 13
5 10 11 8
9 6 7 12
4 15 14 1
N.B.: If you substitute the digits 4 and 1 by the 4th respectively 1st character of the alphabet, you
read the last row as D1514A, that are the initials of the German renaissance artist/mathematician
Albrecht Drer (1471-1528) plus the year, in which he publishedthe magic square by making
the etching Melancholia. If you substitute the characters of ALBRECHT DURER by their
number in the alphabet and you summarize the digits, you get the sum of 135. Add 1 (the symbol
of God; the 1 is larger than the other digits in the etching) and you get 136. That is exactly the
sum of all digits 1 up to 16 in the magic square!!!
Use two extra steps to transform the magic square of Albrecht Drer into a panmagic 4x4 square
(= smallest most perfect magic square):
Panmagic 4x4 square:
34 34 34 34
34
34
34
34
34
34 34 34 34
34
16 3 2 13
5 10 11 8
9 6 7 12
4 15 14 1
52
34
34
34
34
34 34 34 34
20
16 3 13 2
5 10 8 11
9 6 12 7
4 15 1 14
FRANKLIN TRANSFORMATION
38
34
34
34
34
34
34
16 3 13 2
5 10 8 11
4 15 1 14
9 6 12 7
34 34
34 34
34 34
It is also possible to transform a 8x8 square with sequencing digits in four steps into (a version
of) the famous Franklin magic 8x8 square:
Swap column 3&4 with 7&8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
Combine the rows (1-8, 2-7, 3-6, 4-5) Swap colours and bold
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
Swap row 2 with 3 and 6 with 7
Franklin magic 8x8 square:
16
9
50
55
14
11
52
53
16
50
9
55
14
52
11
53
1
8
63
58
3
6
61
60
64
57
2
7
62
59
4
5
49
56
15
10
51
54
13
12
48
41
18
23
46
43
20
21
33
40
31
26
35
38
29
28
32
25
34
39
30
27
36
37
17
24
47
42
19
22
45
44
1
63
8
58
3
61
6
60
64
2
57
7
62
4
59
5
49
15
56
10
51
13
54
12
48
18
41
23
46
20
43
21
33
31
40
26
35
29
38
28
32
34
25
39
30
36
27
37
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
16
9
15
10
14
11
13
12
49
56
50
55
51
54
52
53
64
57
63
58
62
59
61
60
33
40
34
39
35
38
36
37
48
41
47
42
46
43
45
44
17
24
18
23
19
22
20
21
17
47
24
42
19
45
22
44
Use two extra steps to produce a Franklin panmagic 8x8 square (= also a most perfect magic 8x8
square):
Swap column 1 with 2 and swap column 5 with 6
130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
146
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
114
16
50
9
55
14
52
11
53
1
63
8
58
3
61
6
60
64
2
57
7
62
4
59
5
49
15
56
10
51
13
54
12
48
18
41
23
46
20
43
21
33
31
40
26
35
29
38
28
32
34
25
39
30
36
27
37
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
114
17
47
24
42
19
45
22
44
146
Swap in each 4x4 sub-square the yellow marked digits with the red marked digits
39
32
25
31
26
30
27
29
28
1
63
8
58
3
61
6
60
16
50
9
55
14
52
11
53
64
2
57
7
62
4
59
5
49
15
56
10
51
13
54
12
33
31
40
26
35
29
38
28
48
18
41
23
46
20
43
21
32
34
25
39
30
36
27
37
17
47
24
42
19
45
22
44
Franklin panmagic (= also most perfect magic) 8x8 square:

130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
8
58
1
63
6
60
3
61
9
55
16
50
11
53
14
52
64
2
57
7
62
4
59
5
49
15
56
10
51
13
54
12
40
26
33
31
38
28
35
29
41
23
48
18
43
21
46
20
32
34
25
39
30
36
27
37
130
17
47
24
42
19
45
22
44
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
40
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
[12] Transformation method

Introduction
On the website of Harvey Heinz is shown on page www.magic-squares.net/most-perfect.htm that
a 4x4 square with sequential digits can be transformed to a panmagic 4x4 square.
Firstly I present step by step the transformation to the 3 basic squares of the panmagic 4x4 square
(see chapter [8] panmagic 4x4 square).
Secondly I present step by step the transformation of a 8x8, 12x12 and 16x16 square with
sequential digits to a most-perfect 8x8, 12x12 and 16x16 square.
Transformation to the 3 basic squares of the panmagic 4x4 square

Transform a 4x4 square with sequential digits to a panmagic 4x4 square in 5 steps by swapping
each time yellow and red; see below:
1
2
3
4
5 9 13
6 10 14
7 11 15
8 12 16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
13 9
14 10
15 11
16 12
1
2
4
3
5
6
8
7
13 9
14 10
16 12
15 11
1
2
4
3
8
6
5
7
13 12
14 10
16 9
15 11
1 8 13 12
14 10 2 6
4 5 16 12
15 11 3 7
1 8 13 12
15 10 3 6
4 5 16 9
14 11 2 7
1
2
5
6
3 9 11
4 10 12
7 13 15
8 14 16
1
2
5
6
3
4
7
8
11 9
12 10
15 13
16 14
1
2
6
5
3
4
8
7
11 9
12 10
16 14
15 13
1
2
6
5
8
4
3
7
11 14
12 10
16 9
15 13
1 8 11 14
12 10 2 4
6 3 16 9
15 13 5 7
1 8 11 14
15 10 5 4
6 3 16 9
12 13 2 7
1
3
5
7
2 9 10
4 11 12
6 13 14
8 15 16
1
3
5
7
2
4
6
8
10 9
12 11
14 13
16 15
1
3
7
5
2
4
8
6
10 9
12 11
16 15
14 13
1
3
7
5
8
4
2
6
10 15
12 11
16 9
14 13
1 8 10 15
12 11 3 4
7 2 16 9
14 13 5 6
1 8 10 15
14 11 5 4
7 2 16 9
12 13 3 6
Transformation to a Franklin panmagic 8x8 square

Transform a 8x8 square with sequential digits to a Franklin panmagic 8x8 square in 5 steps by
swapping each time yellow and red; see below:
41
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
1
2
8
7
5
6
4
3
16
10
9
15
12
14
13
11
57
58
64
63
61
62
60
59
56
50
49
55
52
54
53
51
33
34
40
39
37
38
36
35
48
42
41
47
44
46
45
43
25
26
32
31
29
30
28
27
24
18
17
23
20
22
21
19
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
1
2
8
7
5
6
4
3
9
10
16
15
13
14
12
11
57
58
64
63
61
62
60
59
49
50
56
55
53
54
52
51
33
34
40
39
37
38
36
35
41
42
48
47
45
46
44
43
25
26
32
31
29
30
28
27
17
18
24
23
21
22
20
19
1
58
8
63
5
62
4
59
16
50
9
55
12
54
13
51
57
2
64
7
61
6
60
3
56
10
49
15
52
14
53
11
33
26
40
31
37
30
36
27
48
18
41
23
44
22
45
19
25
34
32
39
29
38
28
35
24
42
17
47
20
46
21
43
1
63
8
58
5
59
4
62
16
50
9
55
12
54
13
51
57
7
64
2
61
3
60
6
56
10
49
15
52
14
53
11
33
31
40
26
37
27
36
30
48
18
41
23
44
22
45
19
25
39
32
34
29
35
28
38
24
42
17
47
20
46
21
43
#
*
*
#
Transformation to a most-perfect 12x12 magic square

Transform a 12x12 square with sequential digits to a most-perfect 12x12 magic square in 5 steps
by swapping each time yellow and red; see below:
13
25
37 49 61 73 85
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
10
11
22
23
34
35
46 58 70 82 94 106 118 130 142

47 59 71 83 95 107 119 131 143
12
24
36
48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144
1
2
@
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
@
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
13 133 121 49 61 85 73
14 134 122 50 62 86 74
97 109 121 133

98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
97 109
98 110
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
37
38
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
#
*
@
@
25
26
13 133 121 49 61 85 73
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
37
25
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
10
11
22 142 130 58 70 94 82 106 118

23 143 131 59 71 95 83 107 119
46
47
34
35
12
24 144 132 60 72 96 84 108 120
48
36
24 133 132 49 72 85 84
14 134 122 50 62 86 74
37
38
36
26
1
2
42
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
97 109
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
97 120
98 110
12
11
5
6
8
7
24
23
17
18
20
19
144
143
137
138
140
139
132
131
125
126
128
127
60
59
53
54
56
55
72
71
65
66
68
67
96
95
89
90
92
91
84
83
77
78
80
79
108
107
101
102
104
103
120
119
113
114
116
115
48
47
41
42
44
43
36
35
29
30
32
31
21 141 129 57 69 93 81 105 117
45
33
10
4
22 142 130 58 70 94 82 106 118

16 136 124 52 64 88 76 100 112
46
40
34
28
15 135 123 51 63 87 75
99 111
39
27
24 133 132 49 72 85 84
97 120
37
36
134 122
2 14 86 74 50 62 38 26
12 13 144 121 60 61 96 73 108 109
143
5
138
8
139
9
142
4
131
20
126
17
127
16
130
21
11
137
6
140
7
141
10
136
135 123
23
128
18
125
19
124
22
129
95
53
90
56
91
57
94
52
83
68
78
65
79
64
82
69
59
89
54
92
55
93
58
88
71
80
66
77
67
76
70
81
47
101
42
104
43
105
46
100
35
116
30
113
31
112
34
117
15 87 75 51 63
39
27
12
11
5
6
8
7
98 110
48 25
107
41
102
44
103
45
106
40
13
23
20
18
17
19
144
143
137
138
140
139
121
131
128
126
125
127
60
59
53
54
56
55
61
71
68
66
65
67
96
95
89
90
92
91
73
83
80
78
77
79
108
107
101
102
104
103
109
119
116
114
113
115
48
47
41
42
44
43
25
35
32
30
29
31
16 141 124 57 64 93 76 105 112
45
28
10
4
22 142 130 58 70 94 82 106 118

21 136 129 52 69 88 81 100 117
46
40
34
33
15 135 123 51 63 87 75
99 111
39
27
24 133 132 49 72 85 84
97 120
37
36
143 122 11 14 95 74 59 62 47 26 107 110

12 13 144 121 60 61 96 73 108 109 48 25
119
32
114
29
115
28
118
33
134
5
139
8
138
9
135
4
99 111
131
20
126
17
127
16
130
21
2
137
7
140
6
141
3
136
142 123
10
23
128
18
125
19
124
22
129
86
53
91
56
90
57
87
52
83
68
78
65
79
64
82
69
50
89
55
92
54
93
51
88
71
80
66
77
67
76
70
81
38
101
43
104
42
105
39
100
35 98 119
116 41 32
30 103 114
113 44 29
31 102 115
112 45 28
34 99 118
117 40 33
15 94 75 58 63
46
27 106 111
Transformation to a perfect Franklin panmagic 16x16 square

Transform a 16x16 square with sequential digits to a perfect Franklin panmagic 16x16 square in
5 steps by swapping each time yellow and red; see below:
1
2
17
18
#
33
34
*
49
50
65
66
81
82
@
~
~ @
*
#
97 113 129 145 161 177 193 209 225 241
98 114 130 146 162 178 194 210 226 242
43
#
*
@
~
~
@
*
#
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
1
2
16
15
17
18
32
31
241
242
256
255
225
226
240
239
65
66
80
79
81
82
96
95
177
178
192
191
161
162
176
175
129
130
144
143
145
146
160
159
113 97 193
114 98 194
128 112 208
127 111 207
209
210
224
223
49
50
64
63
33
34
48
47
44
5
6
12
11
9
10
8
7
13
14
4
3
21
22
28
27
25
26
24
23
29
30
20
19
245
246
252
251
249
250
248
247
253
254
244
243
229
230
236
235
233
234
232
231
237
238
228
227
69
70
76
75
73
74
72
71
77
78
68
67
85
86
92
91
89
90
88
87
93
94
84
83
181
182
188
187
185
186
184
183
189
190
180
179
165
166
172
171
169
170
168
167
173
174
164
163
133
134
140
139
137
138
136
135
141
142
132
131
149
150
156
155
153
154
152
151
157
158
148
147
117
118
124
123
121
122
120
119
125
126
116
115
101
102
108
107
105
106
104
103
109
110
100
99
197
198
204
203
201
202
200
199
205
206
196
195
213
214
220
219
217
218
216
215
221
222
212
211
53
54
60
59
57
58
56
55
61
62
52
51
37
38
44
43
41
42
40
39
45
46
36
35
1
2
16
15
5
6
12
11
9
10
8
7
13
14
4
3
32
18
17
31
28
22
21
27
24
26
25
23
20
30
29
19
241
242
256
255
245
246
252
251
249
250
248
247
253
254
244
243
240
226
225
239
236
230
229
235
232
234
233
231
228
238
237
227
65
66
80
79
69
70
76
75
73
74
72
71
77
78
68
67
96
82
81
95
92
86
85
91
88
90
89
87
84
94
93
83
177
178
192
191
181
182
188
187
185
186
184
183
189
190
180
179
176
162
161
175
172
166
165
171
168
170
169
167
164
174
173
163
129
130
144
143
133
134
140
139
137
138
136
135
141
142
132
131
160
146
145
159
156
150
149
155
152
154
153
151
148
158
157
147
113
114
128
127
117
118
124
123
121
122
120
119
125
126
116
115
112
98
97
111
108
102
101
107
104
106
105
103
100
110
109
99
193
194
208
207
197
198
204
203
201
202
200
199
205
206
196
195
224
210
209
223
220
214
213
219
216
218
217
215
212
222
221
211
49
50
64
63
53
54
60
59
57
58
56
55
61
62
52
51
48
34
33
47
44
38
37
43
40
42
41
39
36
46
45
35
1 32 241 240 65 96 177 176 129

242 226
2 18 178 162 66 82 114
16 17 256 225 80 81 192 161 144
255 239 15 31 191 175 79 95 127
5 28 245 236 69 92 181 172 133
246 230
6 22 182 166 70 86 118
160
98
145
111
156
102
113
130
128
143
117
134
112 193 224 49 48

146 50 34 194 210
97 208 209 64 33
159 63 47 207 223
108 197 220 53 44
150 54 38 198 214
45
12
251
9
250
8
247
13
254
4
243
21
235
24
234
25
231
20
238
29
227
252
11
249
10
248
7
253
14
244
3
229
27
232
26
233
23
228
30
237
19
76
187
73
186
72
183
77
190
68
179
85
171
88
170
89
167
84
174
93
163
188
75
185
74
184
71
189
78
180
67
165
91
168
90
169
87
164
94
173
83
140
123
137
122
136
119
141
126
132
115
149
107
152
106
153
103
148
110
157
99
124
139
121
138
120
135
125
142
116
131
101
155
104
154
105
151
100
158
109
147
204
59
201
58
200
55
205
62
196
51
213
43
216
42
217
39
212
46
221
35
60
203
57
202
56
199
61
206
52
195
37
219
40
218
41
215
36
222
45
211
1
255
16
242
5
251
12
246
9
247
8
250
13
243
4
254
32
226
17
239
28
230
21
235
24
234
25
231
20
238
29
227
241
15
256
2
245
11
252
6
249
7
248
10
253
3
244
14
240
18
225
31
236
22
229
27
232
26
233
23
228
30
237
19
65
191
80
178
69
187
76
182
73
183
72
186
77
179
68
190
96
162
81
175
92
166
85
171
88
170
89
167
84
174
93
163
177
79
192
66
181
75
188
70
185
71
184
74
189
67
180
78
176
82
161
95
172
86
165
91
168
90
169
87
164
94
173
83
129
127
144
114
133
123
140
118
137
119
136
122
141
115
132
126
160
98
145
111
156
102
149
107
152
106
153
103
148
110
157
99
113
143
128
130
117
139
124
134
121
135
120
138
125
131
116
142
112
146
97
159
108
150
101
155
104
154
105
151
100
158
109
147
193
63
208
50
197
59
204
54
201
55
200
58
205
51
196
62
224
34
209
47
220
38
213
43
216
42
217
39
212
46
221
35
49
207
64
194
53
203
60
198
57
199
56
202
61
195
52
206
48
210
33
223
44
214
37
219
40
218
41
215
36
222
45
211
46
[13] Transformation method, analysis

With the transformation method you can produce a most perfect magic square by using a square, that is a multiple of 4
(=4x4, 8x8, 12x12, 16x16, ) with sequencial digits. It is also possible to transform each most perfect magic square
backwards to its starting position. See for example:
Most perfect magic 8x8 square
1
32
42
55
9
63
34
24
60
37
19
14
52
6
27
45
23
10
64
33
31
41
56
2
46
51
5
28
38
20
13
59
3
30
44
53
11
61
36
22
48
49
7
26
40
18
15
57
Starting position transformation method
21
12
62
35
29
43
54
4
58
39
17
16
50
8
25
47
1
33
41
34
9
2
10
42
19
51
59
52
27
20
28
60
17
49
57
50
25
18
26
58
21
53
61
54
29
22
30
62
3
35
43
36
11
4
12
44
7
39
47
40
15
8
16
48
5
37
45
38
13
6
14
46
23
55
63
56
31
24
32
64
Looking quickly at this starting position there seems to be no logica. Though each uglyor pretty starting position has the
same features, just like the magic features of the most perfect magic square itself. See, tot start with, the following scheme:
Scheme starting position,upper half
a1
b1
c1
d1
a2
b2
c2
d2
a3
b3
c3
d3
a4
b4
c4
d4
e1
f1
g1
h1
e2
f2
g2
h2
e3
f3
g3
h3
Scheme starting position, complete
e4
f4
g4
h4
a1
b1
c1
d1
h4'
g4'
f4'
e4'
a2
b2
c2
d2
h3'
g3'
f3'
e3'
a3
b3
c3
d3
h2'
g2'
f2'
e2'
a4
b4
c4
d4
h1'
g1'
f1'
e1'
e1
f1
g1
h1
d4'
c4'
b4'
a4'
e2
f2
g2
h2
d3'
c3'
b3'
a3'
e3
f3
g3
h3
d2'
c2'
b2'
a2'
e4
f4
g4
h4
d1'
c1'
b1'
a1'
a1 + a1 = a2 + a2 = a3 + a3 = a4 + a4 = b1 + b1 = b2 + b2 = ... = h4 + h4 = 65
If the first half has been produced (correctly), you get the second half automatically. It gives also the first boundary
condition: to produce the first half you must select each time one of the digits from column I or column II (in the example,
see the yellow marked digits):
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
I
or II
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
or II
47
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
Second boundary condition is:

a1 -/- a2 = e3 -/- e4 [in the example: 1 -/- 19 = -/- 18 versus 5 -/- 23 = -/- 18]
a2 -/- a3 = e2 -/- e3 [in the example: 19 -/- 17 = 2 versus 7 -/- 5 = 2]
a3 -/- a4 = e1 -/- e2 [in the example: 17 -/- 21 = -/- 4 versus 3 -/- 7 = -/- 4]
Third boundary condition is:
a1 -/- b1 = a2 -/- b2 = a3 -/- b3 = a4 -/- b4 = e1 -/- f1 = e2 -/- f2 = e3 -/- f3 = e4 -/- f4 [= 32]
b1 -/- c1 = b2 -/- c2 = b3 -/- c3 = b4 -/- c4 = f1 -/- g1 = f2 -/- g2 = f3 -/- g3 = f4 -/- g4 [= 8]
c1 -/- d1 = c2 -/- d2 = c3 -/- d3 = c4 -/- d4 = g1 -/- h1 = g2 -/- h2 = g3 -/- h3 = g4 -/- h4 [= -/- 7]
Try it (clue: dont select the digits from column I or II to difficult)!!! Maybe an excellent programmer can let the computer
determine all (368640 x 8) solutions of the most perfect 8x8 square from the (possible) starting positions of the transformation method.
Translation of the swap possibilities of the most perfect magic 8x8 square into swap of the starting position:
[1a] swap row
1&8 and/or 2&7 and/or 4&5

and/or 3&6 of starting position
[1b] swap column 1&3 and/or 2&4 and/or 5&7 and/or 6&8 of magic square = swap column 1&8 and/or 2&7 and/or 4&5
and/or 3&6 of starting position
[2a] swap row
1&2 and 3&4 and 5&6 and 7&8
of magic square = swap row
1&2 and 3&4 and 5&6 and 7&8
(& vertical mirroring of starting position)
[2b] swap column 1&2 and 3&4 and 5&6 and 7&8
of magic square = swap column 1&2 and 3&4 and 5&6 and 7&8
(& horizontal mirroring of starting position)
[3a] swap upper with down half
of magic square = swap upper with down half of starting position
[3b] swap left
1&3 and/or 2&4 and/or 5&7 and/or 6&8 of magic square = swap row
with right half
of magic square = swap left
48
with right half of starting position
[14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic squares

How to produce a panmagic 5x5 square?
Excluding rotation and/or mirroring there are 275.305.224 (x 8 = including 2.202.441.792)
different pure magic 5x5 squares. Of the 275.305.224 squares 3.600 (x 8 = 28.800) are panmagic
(see for example www.gaspalou.fr/magic-squares/order-5.htm) and 16 of the 3.600 squares are
ultra panmagic; see http://mathsforeurope.digibel.be/magic.htm.
A 5x5 panmagic square can be produced using a method of construction which is comparable
with the Sudoku method (see also in this e-book). Every row, column and (pan)diagonal must
contain all the digits 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Fill in the first row of the 1st square. There are 24 combinations of digits which lead to unique
basic solutions (01234, 01243, 01324, 01342, 01423, 01432, 02134, 02143, 02314, 02341,
02413, 02431, 03124, 03142, 03214, 03241, 03412, 03421, 04123, 04132, 04213, 04232, 04312,
04321). Fill in row two up to five by moving the first row each time 2 places to the left.
1st square
0
2
1
3
0
2
4
1
3
0
0
2
4
1
1
3
0
2
0
2
4
1
3
1
3
0
2
4
2
4
1
3
0
3
0
2
4
1
4
1
3
0
2
0
2
4
1
3
1
3
0
2
4
2
4
1
3
3
0
2
4
4
1
3
0
2
4
1
3
2
4
Adopt as first row of the 2nd square, the first row of the 1st square. Fill in row two up to five by
moving the first row each time 2 places to the right.
2nd square
0
2
0
3
1
4
2
0
0
3
1
1
4
2
0
2
0
3
1
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
3
1
4
2
4
2
0
3
3
1
4
4
2
0
3
1
4
2
Take a digit from the 1st square multiplied by 5 and add (1x) the digit from the same cell of the
2nd square; add 1 to each cell.
5x digit
0
2
4
1
3
1
3
0
2
4
+ 1x digit
2
4
1
3
0
3
0
2
4
1
4
1
3
0
2
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
=
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
+1
0 6 12 18 24
13 19 20 1 7
21 2 8 14 15
9 10 16 22 3
17 23 4 5 11
49
panmagic 5x5
1 7 13 19 25
14 20 21 2 8
22 3 9 15 16
10 11 17 23 4
18 24 5 6 12
Notify that to produce the second square you can use a differebt combination of digits (see
above) than you have used to produce the first square. If you use the combinations 01234, 01243,
01324, 01342, 01423 or 01432 as first row to produce the second square, than you can produce
all 24 x 6 (combinations of digits) x 25 (by shifting over the carpet) x 8 (by rotation and/or
mirroring) 28.800 possinle 5x5 panmagic squares.
On website www.grogono.com/magic/5x5.php you will find the mother method. With this
method can be produced 144 basic panmagic 5x5 squares. On the 2x2 carpet of one of the 144
basic panmagic 5x5 squares you can find 25 different 5x5 sub-squares (144x25=3.600).
Notify that the above produced panmagic 5x5 square is basic panmagic square number 2 on
website www.grogono.com/magic/5x5pan144.php.
You can use this method for odd squares that are no multiples of 3 (= 5x5, 7x7, 11x11, 13x13,
17x17, ...). For example for a 7x7 magic square, take the digits 0-a-b-c-d-e-f (in stead of a up to f,
you must use six different digits out of 1 up to 6; so there are 6x5x4x3x2x1 = 720 possibilities!!!)
as first row and multiply a digit from the 1st square by 7. If you move the digits 3 (instead of 2)
places to the left/right, than you get even more solutions (see www.grogono.com/magic/7x7.php).
There are the following 6 combinations to produce the first square / second square:
shift 2 left / shift 2 right

shift 2 left / shift 3 left
shift 3 left / shift 2 left
It is possible to produce all 6 (combinations first square / second square) x 720 (combinations of
digits first square) x 720 (combinations of digits second square) x 49 (possibilities on the 2x2
carpet) x 8 (by rotation and/or mirroring) / 4 (correction for duplicate solutions) is 304.819.200
panmagic 7x7 squares.
Notify that you can produce by shift 2/3/4/5 & left/right 89.227.651.645.440.000, that is 89
billiard (89 million x milliard) different panmagic 11x11 squares!!!
Information for whiz kids
On website www.magic-squares.net/pandiag5.htm 36 essential different 5x5 panmagic squares
are presented. If you change the sequence of the rows and the columns into 1-3-5-2-4 and/or
swap pandiagonals with rows (see below) and/or shift a square on the 2x2 carpet, the 36
essential different squares can be transformed to the above mentioned complete set of 3.600 5x5
panmagic squares.
50
1
7 13 19
14 20 21
2
22
3
9 15
10 11 17 23
18 24
5
6
25
8
16
4
12
1
2
3
4
5
1 20
9 23 12
8 22 11
5 19
15
4 18
7 21
17
6 25 14
3
24 13
2 16 10
Key to produce ultra panmagic squares (for odd squares, that are no multiples of 3):
1x digit
0
2
4
3
1
4
3
1
0
2
1
0
2
4
3
2
4
3
1
0
3
1
0
2
4
4
1
2
3
0
3
0
4
1
2
1
2
3
0
4
= ultra panm. 5x5

1 15 22 18
23 19
6
5
10
2 13 24
14 21 20
7
17
8
4 11
9
12
16
3
25
+ 5x digit +1
0
2
4
3
1
0
2
4
3
1
Two digits crosswise from the centre give the lowest plus the highest digit, so for a 5x5
square: 1 + 25 = 26.
The keys to produce ultra panmagic 7x7, 11x11, 13x13, 17x17, ... squares are:
0- 6-1-2-3-4-5
0 - 10 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9
0 - 12 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11
0 - 16 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - 15
...
See ultra (pan)magic 7x7 squares on website www.trump.de/magic-squares/
51
[15] 5x5 panmagic squares, explanation

What is a magic 5x5 square?
digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25.
diagonals always give the same result. The sum can be calculated as follows, the (odd) size of the
square multiplied by the middle digit: 5 x 13 = 65.
What is a panmagic 5x5 square?
Panmagic (5x5) squares have an extra magic feature. Not only the sum of 5 digits from each row,
each column and both diagonals - but also the sum of 5 digits from each pandiagonal - totals to
the magic sum of 65. Pandiagonals dont start (unlike ordinary diagonals) in the corner, and
pandiagonals are broken diagonals; see below (the ordinary diagonal is yellow and the
pandiagonals are red, blue, pink and green):
from right to left
from left to right
1
7 13 19 25
14 20 21
2
8
22
3
9 15 16
10 11 17 23
4
18 24
5
6 12
1
7 13 19 25
14 20 21
2
8
22
3
9 15 16
10 11 17 23
4
18 24
5
6 12
Specialty of the panmagic square is, that you can produce a 2x2 carpet of the same square:
1
7 13 19
14 20 21
2
22
3 9 15
10 11 17 23
18 24
5 6
1
7 13 19
14 20 21
2
22
3
9 15
10 11 17 23
18 24
5
6
25
8
16
4
12
25
14
22
10
18
1
8
16
4
12
14
22
10
18
7
20
3
11
24
7
20
3
11
24
13
21
9
17
5
13
21
9
17
5
19
2
15
23
6
19
2
15
23
6
25
8
16
4
12
25
8
16
4
12
1
7 13 19 25
1
7
14 20 21
2 8 14 20
22
3 9 15 16 22 3
10 11 17 23
4 10 11
18 24
5 6 12 18 24
1
7 13 19 25
1 7
14 20 21
2
8 14 20
22
3
9 15 16 22
3
10 11 17 23
4 10 11
18 24
5
6 12 18 24
52
13
21
9
17
5
13
21
9
17
5
19
2
15
23
6
19
2
15
23
6
25
8
16
4
12
25
8
16
4
12
Each 5x5 subsquare on the 2x2 carpet is panmagic, because of the parallel running diagonals on
the carpet!!!
What is the secret behind the panmagic 5x5 square?
Imagine: A boat sales on a lake of 5 x 5 = 25 square miles. A radar detects the boat and
determines in which square mile (= cell) the boat is located. The positie of the boat can be
expressed in a row coordinate (0, 1, 2, 3, of 4) and a column cordinate (0, 1, 2, 3, of 4).
All combinations of
row- and column coordinates
(0,0) (1,0) (2,0) (3,0) (4,0)
(0,1) ('1,1) (2,1) (3,1) (4,1)
(0,2) (1,2) (2,2) (3,2) (4,2)
(0,3) (1,3) (2,3) (3,3) (4,3)
(0,4) (1,4) (2,4) (3,4) (4,4)
0
1
2
3
4
If you add 5x the column coordinate to the row coordinate, you can number the cells from 0 up to
24.
row coordinate
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
+ 5x column cordinate
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
10
10
10
10
10
0
1
2
3
4
10
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
10 10 10 10
digits 0 up to 24
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24
If you use the digits 0 up to 24 (in stead of 1 up to 25), the magic sum is (the size of the odd
square multiplied by the middle digit: 5 x 12 = ) 60.
You can also calculate the magic sum as follows: ad 5x the sum of the column coordinates
(0+1+2+3+4=10) to the sum of the row coordinates (0+1+2+3+4=10): 5x10 + 10 = 60.
If you ensure that all the column coordinates from 0 up to 4 and all the row coordinates from 0 up
to 4 are in each row/column/(pan)diagonal, than you will produce everywhere the magic sum of
60 (see calculation mentioned above). Notify that the connection between the column coordinates
and the row coordinates must lead to unique column/row-combinations (see table mentioned
above), so you can find all the digits 0 up to 24 in the square.
How to produce a 5x5 panmagic square?
See chapter [14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic square.
53
[16] 6x6 magic squares

How to produce 6x6 squares?
Panmagic (or extra magic) 6x6 squares do not exist. The structure of 6x6 squares is irregular. To
produce pure 6x6 squares, you need to puzzle. The fastest (and funniest) method is the medjig
method of Willem Barink (source: Wikipedia, Dutch language version).
Take as 1st square a pure magic 3x3 square, but blow it up by presenting the digits 2x2. Produce
a 2nd square existing of 9 (2x2) medjig tiles.
Note that an 2x2 medjig tile consists of all the digits 0, 1, 2 en 3, but not always in the same
sequence; You must choose the tiles, taking care that the sum of the digits of each
row/column/diagonal is (6 x 1,5 =) 9. Take (1x) a digit from the 1st square and add 9x a digit
from the same cell of the 2nd square.
1x digit
2 2 9
2 2 9
7 7 5
7 7 5
6 6 1
6 6 1
+
9
9
5
5
1
1
4
4
3
3
8
8
4
4
3
3
8
8
9x digit
2 3 0 2
1 0 3 1
3 1 1 2
0 2 0 3
3 2 2 0
0 1 3 1
0
3
2
3
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
3
= pure magic 6x6 square

20 29 9 27 4 22
11 2 36 18 31 13
34 16 14 23 21 3
7 25 5 32 30 12
33 24 19 1 8 26
6 15 28 10 17 35
You can use this method to produce even squares that are not multiples of 4 (= 6x6, 10x10,
14x14, 18x18, ). For example to produce a 10x10 square use as 1st square a pure (pan)magic
5x5 square, use a 2nd square existing of 25 (2x2) medjig tiles, taking care that the sum of the
digits of each row/column/diagonal is (10 x 1,5 =) 15 and add 15x a digit from the 2nd square.
Instead of the mejig method you can use the method of Strachey. Make a 2x2 carpet of a magic
3x3 square and add 9x the digit from a fixed pattern.
1x digit
9x digit
magic 6x6 square
31
20
27
22
32
25
23
21
35
24
19
26
29
36
11
18
13
34
30
16
14
12
33
28
15
10
17
To use the method of Strachey to produce bigger double odd magic squares (= 10x10, 14x14,
18x18, ) it is a disadvantage that you need to swap more and more digits to get a correct magic
square. See the improved method of Strachey to produce a magic 10x10 square [chapter 37].
54
[17] 8x8 Ultra magic square

The Franklin panmagic (= most perfect magic) 8x8 square has the most magic features (click on
[NEXT>>). The most magic odd squares are ultra (pan)magic squares. But also (even, for
example) 8x8 ultra (pan)magic squares exist. Just like the the most perfect magic square, the ultra
magic 8x8 square consists of four 4x4 squares with the same structure. These 4x4 squares have
the following structure:
The sum per colour is the lowest plus the highest digit, that is (as we take a 8x8 square) 1 + 64 =
65.
First we produce (as basic pattern) a 4x4 square using four binary grids. N.b.: Note that the four
binary grids have the right (see above) structure!!! Secondly we use the right Sudoku grid to get
all digits from 1 up to 64 in the ultra (pan)magic 8x8 square.
1x digit
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
2x digit
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
4x digit
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
8x digit +1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
Magic 4x4 square
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
14
12
7
15
4
6
9
8
11
13
2
10
5
3
16
N.B.: The 4x4 square is semi panmagic (group III of the 880 possible 4x4 squares excluding
rotating and/or mirroring). You can put the binary grids in random order (and that gives 4x3x2x1
is 24 possibilities). It is possible for each binary grid to swap digits 0 and 1 or not (and that gives
2x2x2x2 is 16 possibilities). In total there are including rotating and/or mirroring (24 x 16 =) 384
different semi panmagic 4x4 squares of group III.
The problem is that the 4x4 square is (semi panmagic, but) not panmagic. The solution is to use
in the upper half of the 8x8 grid two times the 4x4 square and to use in the lowest half of the 8x8
grid two times the 4x4 square up site down.
1x digit from 4x 4x4 magic
55
square[up site down]

1 15 8 10
14 4 11 5
12 6 13 3
7 9 2 16
16 2 9 7
3 13 6 12
5 11 4 14
10 8 15 1
1 15 8 10
14 4 11 5
12 6 13 3
7 9 2 16
16 2 9 7
3 13 6 12
5 11 4 14
10 8 15 1
+ 16x digit from Sudoku grid

0 3 1 2
1 2
3 0 2 1
2 1
2 1 3 0
3 0
1 2 0 3
0 3
0 3 1 2
1 2
3 0 2 1
2 1
2 1 3 0
3 0
1 2 0 3
0 3
0
3
2
1
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
= ultra (pan)magic 8x8 square

1 63 24 42 17 47
62 4 43 21 46 20
44 22 61 3 60 6
23 41 2 64
7 57
16 50 25 39 32 34
51 13 38 28 35 29
37 27 52 14 53 11
26 40 15 49 10 56
8
59
45
18
9
54
36
31
58
5
19
48
55
12
30
33
Alternative
It is also possible to choose the following structure:
Now we produce a semi panmagic 4x4 square of group II.
1x digit
2x digit
4x digit
8x digit +1
56
Mag. 4x4 sq.
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1 11 8 14
6 16 3 9
12 2 13 7
15 5 10 4
And now we have to puzzle to find the right Sudoku grid to produce another ultra (pan)magic 8x8
square:
1x digit from 4x4 [up site down]
1 11 8 14
1 11 8 14
6 16 3 9
6 16 3 9
12 2 13 7 12 2 13 7
15 5 10 4 15 5 10 4
4 10 5 15
4 10 5 15
7 13 2 12
7 13 2 12
9 3 16 6
9 3 16 6
14 8 11 1 14 8 11 1
+ 16x digit from Sudoku grid

0 1 2 3
2 3
2 3 0 1
0 1
0 1 2 3
2 3
2 3 0 1
0 1
0 1 2 3
2 3
2 3 0 1
0 1
0 1 2 3
2 3
2 3 0 1
0 1
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
= ultra (pan)magic 8x8 square

1 27 40 62 33 59
38 64 3 25
6 32
12 18 45 55 44 50
47 53 10 20 15 21
4 26 37 63 36 58
39 61 2 28
7 29
9 19 48 54 41 51
46 56 11 17 14 24
8
35
13
42
5
34
16
43
30
57
23
52
31
60
22
49
N.B.: The groups IV, V and VI of the 4x4 squares are semi panmagic as well. Puzzle yourself to
produce
ultra (pan)magic 8x8 squares using the 4x4 magic squares of group IV, V and VI!!!
57
[18] Most perfect magic squares, explanation

What do I need to know, before I read about most perfect magic squares?
Do you know everything about the panmagic 4x4 square (= the smallest most perfect magic
square)? If the answer is no, than read first chapter [9] panmagic 4x4 square, explanation.
Which size (order) have most perfect squares?
Most perfect squares are multiples of 4 (4x4, 8x8, 12x12, 16x16, 20x20, magic squares).
Which special features have most perfect magic squares?
Most perfect squares are panmagic and the sum of the digits of each 2x2 sub-square is 4 / n (n
= the size/order of the square) x the magic sum.
A most perfect magic square, which is a multiple of 8 (= 8x8, 16x16, 24x24, 32x32, 40x40,
magic square), has all features of a Franklin panmagic squares. It means (simply spoken), that the
total of the digits of rows/columns/diagonals is of the magic sum.
For each multiple of 8 from 16x16 and up, the most perfect magic square is even more magic
than a Franklin panmagic square. For example the 16x16 most perfect square: (not only the total
of but also) the total of rows/columns/diagonals is of the magic sum.
What is the structure of a most perfect magic square?
Do you know the structure of the most perfect magic square, than you understand why the most
perfect magic square has its special features.
The most perfect magic square consists of one or more proportional panmagic 4x4 (sub-)squares.
The meaning of proportional becomes clear as a panmagic 4x4 square is compared with (one of
the four 4x4 sub-squares of) a most perfect 8x8 magic square.
panmagic 4x4
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
4x4 sub-square of 8x8

1 54 12 63
16 59
5 50
53
2 64 11
60 15 49
6
In both squares the sum of two digits of a colour always equals to the lowest plus the highest digit
of the magic square (1+16=17 respectively 1+64=65). With each time two colours you can get all
eight (pan)diagonals (see page panmagic 4x4 square, explanation).
Look below at the patterns of the panmagic 4x4 square and the most perfect 8x8 square.
58
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
9 + 25 = 34
1
16
53
60
17
32
37
44
54
59
2
15
38
43
18
31
12
5
64
49
28
21
48
33
16 + 18 = 34
63
50
11
6
47
34
27
22
3
14
55
58
19
30
39
42
56
57
4
13
40
41
20
29
10
7
62
51
26
23
46
35
61
52
9
8
45
36
25
24
55 + 75 + 59 + 71 = 130 + 130 = 160
1
16
53
60
17
32
37
44
54
59
2
15
38
43
18
31
12
5
64
49
28
21
48
33
63
50
11
6
47
34
27
22
3
14
55
58
19
30
39
42
56
57
4
13
40
41
20
29
10
7
62
51
26
23
46
35
61
52
9
8
45
36
25
24
17 + 113 + 49 + 91 = 130 + 130 = 160
Now you understand why the sum of the digits of each row/column/(pan)diagonal and of each
2x2 sub-square is allways (half of the magic sum: x 260 =) 130.
There are the 3 following swap possibilities:
[1th] You can swap row 1&3 and/or row 2&4 and or row 5&7 and/or row 6&8 and/or column
1&3 and/or column 2&4
and/or column 5&7 and/or column 6&8.
[2nd] You can swap the upper half with the down half and/or the right half with the left half.
[3rd] You can swap row 1&2 and row 3&4 and row 5&6 and row 7&8 and/or column 1&2 and
column 3&4 and
column 5&6 and column 7&8.
If you combine the 3 swap possibilities you can get each digit out of 1 up to 64 in the top left
corner. Try it!!!
From Willem Barink we learn that a small part of the most perfect magic squares has an extra
magic feature. See the following most perfect magic 8x8 square:
59
1
60
22
47
17
44
6
63
32
37
11
50
16
53
27
34
43
18
64
5
59
2
48
21
33 + 97 = 130
54
15
33
28
38
31
49
12
9
52
30
39
25
36
14
55
24
45
3
58
8
61
19
42
35
26
56
13
51
10
40
29
62
7
41
20
46
23
57
4
1
60
22
47
17
44
6
63
32
37
11
50
16
53
27
34
43
18
64
5
59
2
48
21
54
15
33
28
38
31
49
12
9
52
30
39
25
36
14
55
24
45
3
58
8
61
19
42
35
26
56
13
51
10
40
29
62
7
41
20
46
23
57
4
61 + 69 = 130
The extra feature is that in each row and each column (not only ) adding the digits from position
(1 up to 4 and 5 up to 8, but also from) 3 up to 6 gives the magic sum of 130.
How to produce most perfect magic squares?
To produce most perfect magic square there are seven methods of construction. All methods are
in this e-book:
Basic pattern method 1 (with as underlying method the Khajuraho method and alternatively
presented, Sudoku method 1);
Basic key method 1;
Transformation method;
Sudoku method 2;
Sudoku method 3;
Basic pattern method 3.
You can use the transformation method to produce all most perfect magic squares (= 4x4, 8x8,
12x12, 16x16, ).
You can use the basic key method, the quadrant method and Sudoku method 2 to produce all
most perfect magic squares from 8x8 and up (= 8x8, 12x12, 16x16, 20x20, ).
You can use basic patttern method @ 1 and Sudoku method 3 to produce most perfect magic
squares 8x8, 16x16, 32x32, 64x64, (each time double).
You can use basic pattern method 3 to produce the most perfect 16x16 magic square.
@ You can use the adapted basic pattern method to produce most perfect magic squares (with the
extra magic feature X) from 8x8 and up (= 8x8, 12x12, 16x16, 20x20, ...).
60
See a complete classification of all 368640 most perfect (Franklin pan)magic 8x8 squares:
[34] Analysis Franklin panmagic squares (2)
See also [45] the perfect magic square. I have produced this magic square by using the basic
pattern method 3. I have used as input the 1st basic panmagic 4x4 square. And I have made some
classic row- and column swaps; see Analysis of Franklin panmagic 8x8 square.
61
[19] 8x8 most perfect magic square, binary

In chapter [10] panmagic 4x4 square, binary I show that you can produce all possible panmagic
4x4 squares by using binary patterns. In this chapter I show that it is also possible to use the same
(but adapted) method to produce most perfect magic 8x8 squares.
Step 1
Choose 6 binary grids from wether A or B. That gives 2x2x2x2x2x2 is 64 possibilities.
[A]
H11
H12
H13
H14
H21
H22
H23
H24
V11
V12
V13
V14
V21
0
V22
0
V23
0
62
V24
0
[B]
H11
H12
H13
H14
H21
H22
H23
H24
V11
V12
V13
V14
V21
1
V22
1
V23
1
63
V24
1
Step 2
It is not possible to choose the 6 binairy grids at random. To establish that all the digits from 1 up
to 64 are in the magic square, choose 3x H and 3x V and there are only the following 64
combinations possible:
Combination possibilities binary patterns
H
11
14
22
11
14
22
11
14
22
11
14
23
11
14
22
11
22
23
11
14
22
12
13
21
11
14
22
12
13
24
11
14
22
12
21
24
11
14
22
13
21
24
11
14
22
14
22
23
11
14
23
11
14
22
10
11
14
23
11
14
23
11
11
14
23
11
22
23
12
11
14
23
12
13
21
13
11
14
23
12
13
24
14
11
14
23
12
21
24
15
11
14
23
13
21
24
16
11
14
23
14
22
23
17
11
22
23
11
14
22
18
11
22
23
11
14
23
19 @
11
22
23
11
22
23
20
11
22
23
12
13
21
21
11
22
23
12
13
24
22
11
22
23
12
21
24
23
11
22
23
13
21
24
24
11
22
23
14
22
23
12
13
21
11
14
22
25
64
26
12
13
21
11
14
23
27
12
13
21
11
22
23
28
12
13
21
12
13
21
29
12
13
21
12
13
24
30
12
13
21
12
21
24
31
12
13
21
13
21
24
32
12
13
21
14
22
23
33
12
13
24
11
14
22
34
12
13
24
11
14
23
35
12
13
24
11
22
23
36
12
13
24
12
13
21
37
12
13
24
12
13
24
38
12
13
24
12
21
24
39
12
13
24
13
21
24
40
12
13
24
14
22
23
41
12
21
24
11
14
22
42
12
21
24
11
14
23
43
12
21
24
11
22
23
44
12
21
24
12
13
21
45
12
21
24
12
13
24
46
12
21
24
12
21
24
47
12
21
24
13
21
24
48
12
21
24
14
22
23
49
13
21
24
11
14
22
50
13
21
24
11
14
23
51
13
21
24
11
22
23
52
13
21
24
12
13
21
53
13
21
24
12
13
24
54
13
21
24
12
21
24
55
13
21
24
13
21
24
56
13
21
24
14
22
23
57
14
22
23
11
14
22
58
14
22
23
11
14
23
59
14
22
23
11
22
23
60
14
22
23
12
13
21
61
14
22
23
12
13
24
62
14
22
23
12
21
24
63
14
22
23
13
21
24
64
14
22
23
14
22
23
@ Only combination number 19 gives most perfect magic 8x8 squares with the extra magic
feature X; see chapter [15] Most perfect magic squares, explanation
When you have chosen a combination possibility, you can take each random sequence of the
binary patterns; that is 6x5x4x3x2x1 is 720 options per combination possibility.
65
So, you can produce 64 (choose A or B) x 64 (choose one of the 64 combinations) x 720
(choose sequence of the combination)= 2.949.120 different most perfect magic 8x8 squares.
The total number of most perfect magic 8x8 squares is 368.640 x 8 is 2.949.120 [see chapter [31]
Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 (2)]. So, the scope of this method is 100% !!!
Example:
We choose for example combination possibility 52 (H13, H21, H24, V12, V13, V21), choose 6
binary grids from A and choose as sequence V13-H24-V21-H21-H13-V12.
1x digit (V13)
+ 2x digit (H24)
+ 4x digit (V21)
+ 8x digit (H21)
16x digit (H13)
+ 32x digit (V12)
= most perfect magic 8x8 square
48
27
54
19
40
62
31
38
50
44
13
58
23
36
11
64
17
56
46
25
60
21
34
15
42
29
52
47
28
53
20
39
10
61
59
22
33
16
41
30
51
37
12
63
18
55
45
26
32
49
43
14
57
24
35
Because we have chosen binary grids only from A, the digit 1 is in the upper left corner. Choose
one or more binary grids from B to establish that the digit 2, 3, 4, ... or 64 is in the upper left
corner.
66
[20] Khajuraho method (from panmagic 4x4 to [Franklin]

panmagic 8x8)
From a panmagic 4x4 square, for example the famous Khajuraho square, you can produce a
bigger panmagic square (8x8, 12x12, 16x16, 20x20, ).
Rewrite the Khajuraho square as follows:
Khajuraho square
7 12
1
2 13
8
16
3 10
9
6 15
Basic square
14
11
5
4
h-4
h-2
h-3
h-5
h-6
h-7
h-1
If you want to produce an 8x8 panmagic square, you need four 4x4 squares (the basic square and
three additional squares):
7
h-4
1
h-2 +8
-8
+8
-8
2
h-3
8
h-5 +8
-8
+8
-8
h
3
h-6
5
-8
+8
-8
+8
h-7
6
h-1
4
-8
+8
-8
+8
+16 -16 +16 -16 +24 -24 +24 -24
+16 -16 +16 -16 +24 -24 +24 -24
-16 +16 -16 +16 -24 +24 -24 +24
-16 +16 -16 +16 -24 +24 -24 +24
The highest digit of the (pure) 8x8 square is 64, so h is 64. Calculate first the digits of the basic
square. Then you take a digit from a cell of the basic square and add a digit from the same cell of
the first, the second or the third additional square. Result:
Panmagic 8x8 square
7
2
64
57
23
18
48
41
60
61
3
6
44
45
19
22
1
8
58
63
17
24
42
47
62
59
5
4
46
43
21
20
15
10
56
49
31
26
40
33
52
53
11
14
36
37
27
30
9
16
50
55
25
32
34
39
54
51
13
12
38
35
29
28
67
This square is almost Franklin panmagic. Only the sum of four 2x2 subsquares in the middle two
columns is not half of the magic sum (1/2 x 260 = 130). If you swap the coloured digits in the
rows, you get the following Franklin panmagic 8x8 square:
Franklin panmagic 8x8 square
15
2
64
49
31
18
48
33
60
53
11
6
44
37
27
22
1
16
50
63
17
32
34
47
54
59
5
12
38
43
21
28
7
10
56
57
23
26
40
41
52
61
3
14
36
45
19
30
9
8
58
55
25
24
42
39
62
51
13
4
46
35
29
20
This method is an alternative (or so you want the underlying method) of the basic pattern method.
With the Khajuraho method it is possible to produce bigger Franklin panmagic squares (16x16,
32x32, ). Are you looking for an easier way to produce bigger Franklin panmagic squares, then
use the basic key method.
From the above mentioned 8x8 Franklin panmagic square you can produce a 16x16 Franklin
panmagic square. Use the above mentioned square as basic square. Rewrite the digits 33 up to
64 in h-31, h-30, , h. You need three additional 8x8 squares. Use in the first, second,
respectively third additional square +/- 32, +/- 64 respectevely +/- 96. Use the above mentioned
coloure pattern to swap digits in the rows (use a 2x2 carpet of the colour pattern; for example in
the first row: dont swap digits 1&5, but swap digits 1&9).
68
[21] Khajuraho method, explanation

How I discovered the Khajuraho method (and the basic pattern method).
I think it will be interesting to tell how I have discovered the Khajuraho method of construction.
Strange but true, the story begins with the discovery of the method of construction to produce
squares for each random chosen magic sum (see chapter 54 Each magic sum). The key of this
method is an impure 4x4 magic square with (8 different) positive and (8 different) negative
digits and the magic sum of 0. The minimum difference between digits is four because of the
remainder. The random chosen magic sum must be devided by four, which gives a maximum
remainder of 3 (for example 403 / 4 = 100 remainder 3). Because the minimum difference
between the digits is four, after correction of the maximum remainder of 3, there are still 16
different digits in the square.
What I have discovered is that it is possible to translate a panmagic 4x4 square, for example the
Khajuraho square, to the key of the magic sum of 0. Translate the digits 1 up to 16 in -30, -26, 22, -18, -14, -10, -6, -2, +2, +6, +10, +14, +18, +22, +26 en +30; see below.
Khajuraho square
7
12
1
2
13
8
16
3
10
9
6
15
translation in key of magic sum of 0

-6
14
-30 22
-26 18
-2
10
30
-22 6
-14
2
-10 26
-18
14
11
5
4
I had already discovered that it is possible to produce from the 4x4 key square of the magic sum
of 0 a bigger, for example a 8x8 key square of the magic sum of 0. You need three additional 4x4
squares. In the first additional square you use the digits +/- 34, 38, 42, 46, 50, 54, 58 en 62 (put
the lowest, second lowest, , second highest and highest digit in exactly the same place as in the
4x4 key square). In the second additional square you use the digits +/- 66, 70, 74, 78, 82, 86, 90
en 94. In the third additional square you use the digits +/- 98, 102, 106, 110, 114, 118, 122 en
126. Produce the following square:
-6
-26
30
2
-70
-90
94
66
14
18
-22
-10
78
82
-86
-74
-30
-2
6
26
-94
-66
70
90
22
10
-14
-18
86
74
-78
-82
-38
-58
62
34
-102
-122
126
98
46
50
-54
-42
110
114
-118
-106
-62
-34
38
58
-126
-98
102
122
69
54
42
-46
-50
118
106
-110
-114
Translate this square (back) to a pure 8x8 square. Translate the lowest digit (= most negative)
digit in 1 and the highest (most positive) digit in 64; see below:
31
26
40
33
15
10
56
49
36
37
27
30
52
53
11
14
25
32
34
39
9
16
50
55
38
35
29
28
54
51
13
12
23
18
48
41
7
2
64
57
44
45
19
22
60
61
3
6
17
24
42
47
1
8
58
63
46
43
21
20
62
59
5
4
As key square of the Khajuraho method of construction (see chapter [20] Khajuraho method) I
took the third additional 4x4 square (see at the right of the bottom of the 8x8 square).
4x4 sub-square at the right of the bottom
7 60
1 62
7
2 61
8 59
2
64
3 58
5
h
57
6 63
4
h-7
Key square
h-4
h-2
h-3
h-5
h-6
h-1
The square produced by the Khajuraho method of construction is almost Franklin panmagic.
Only the sum of four 2x2 sub-squares in the middle two columns is not half of the magic sum
(1/2 x 260 = 130). If you swap digits in the rows, you get a (perfect) Franklin panmagic 8x8
square. In stead of the Khajuraho method of construction and swapping digits in the rows you can
use directly the basic pattern method of construction (see chapter [22] basic pattern method
(1a)) to produce the same (perfect) Franklin panmagic 8x8 square.
70
[22] Basic pattern method (1a)

From each (pattern of a) 4x4 panmagic square you can produce an 8x8 Franklin panmagic square.
The 8x8 square contains the following digits from 1 to 64 (= 4 x 16 digits):
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
Select a random 4x4 panmagic square and split the square in two subsquares as follows:
16
3 10
5
2 13
8 11
7 12
1 14
9
6 15
4
16
5
13
12
3 10
8
1
2
7
4
11
14
6 15
Enter digits from the same sub-square in the empty cells crosswise:
16
4
9
5
1 13
8 12
8 12
1 13
9
5 16
4
15
3 10
6
2 14
7 11
7 11
2 14
10
6 15
3
Combine the 2 sub-squares and add the same 2 sub-squares to the bottom:
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
4
9
5 15
13
8 12
2
12
1 13
7
5 16
4 10
4
9
5 15
13
8 12
2
12
1 13
7
5 16
4 10
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
Substitute the digits for the digits with the right colour from the abovementioned table:
16 52
9 53 15 51 10 54
71
1
56
57
32
17
40
41
61
12
5
36
45
28
21
8
49
64
25
24
33
48
60
13
4
37
44
29
20
2
55
58
31
18
39
42
62
11
6
35
46
27
22
7
50
63
26
23
34
47
59
14
3
38
43
30
19
In this way you can produce an 8x8 Franklin panmagic square from every 4x4 panmagic square.
There are 6 options to split up a panmagic square and to produce a basic pattern.
1 split up panmagic 4x4
16
Produce basic pattern
10
15
10
16
52
53
15
51
10
54
11
13
12
14
11
61
60
62
59
12
14
12
13
11
14
56
12
49
13
55
11
50
14
15
13
9
16
8x8 Franklin panmagic sq.
16
10
16
10
15
57
64
58
63
16
15
10
32
36
25
37
31
35
26
38
13
12
14
11
17
45
24
44
18
46
23
43
12
13
11
14
40
28
33
29
39
27
34
30
16
10
15
41
21
48
20
42
22
47
19

16
15
10
16
51
54
15
52
10
53
11
13
14
11
13
12
62
59
61
60
14
12
11
14
12
13
56
11
49
14
55
12
50
13
15
16
10
15
57
64
58
63
16
15
10
32
35
25
38
31
36
26
37
14
11
13
12
17
46
24
43
18
45
23
44
11
14
12
13
40
27
33
30
39
28
34
29
16
10
15
41
22
48
19
42
21
47
20
16
10
16
11
10
13
16
59
53
51
10
61
11
13
16
11
10
13
50
64
11
58
13
56
12
14
15
12
14
63
12
49
55
57
14
15
15
12
14
54
15
60
62
52
16
11
10
13
32
43
18
37
24
35
26
45
16
11
10
13
34
21
48
27
42
29
40
19
15
12
14
47
28
33
22
39
20
41
30
15
12
14
17
38
31
44
25
46
23
36
72

16
13
1
14
12
15
10
11
5 splitup panmagic 4x4
16
13
11
10
16
51
61
59
10
53
13
16
10
11
50
13
64
58
56
11
15
14
12
63
49
14
55
12
57
14
15
12
62
15
52
54
60
16
13
11
10
32
35
18
45
24
43
26
37
13
16
10
11
34
29
48
19
42
21
40
27
15
14
12
47
20
33
30
39
28
41
22
14
15
12
17
46
31
36
25
38
23
44
8x8 Franklin panmagic square
16
10
16
10
12
14
48
23
58
60
46
21
13
11
15
13
11
18
41
63
61
20
43
12
14
16
10
12
14
64
17
42
19
44
62
15
15
13
11
57
47
24
45
22
59
16
10
12
14
16
55
26
33
28
35
14
53
15
13
11
50
40
31
38
29
52
11
16
10
12
14
39
32
49
10
51
12
37
30
15
13
11
25
34
15
56
13
54
27
36
6 splitup panmagic 4x4

16
12
10
14
13
11
15
16
10
16
10
48
19
58
64
42
21
10
16
10
16
26
37
16
51
10
53
32
35
12
14
12
14
60
17
46
23
44
62
14
12
14
12
49
14
39
28
33
30
55
12
11
13
11
13
59
18
45
24
43
61
13
11
13
11
50
13
40
27
34
29
56
11
15
15
47
20
57
63
41
22
15
15
25
38
15
52
54
31
36
So there are 6 options to split up the 384 panmagic 4x4 squares. It is also possible to swap the
colours yellow and orange and/or red and green (= 4 options). And it is possible to swap the right
and the left half and/or the top and the bottom half of the magic 8x8 square (= 4 options). That
gives 6 x 384 x 4 x 4 = 36864 possibilities.
It is also possible to swap row 1&3 and/or row 2&4 and/or row 5&7 and/or row 6&8 and/or
column 1&2 and/or column 2&4 and/or column 5&7 and/or column 6&8 (that gives 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 256 options). Swapping rows and/or columns gives a lot (but unknown number)
of double solutions.
See a complete classification of all 368640 most perfect (Franklin pan)magic squares:
chapter [34] Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 squares (2)
73
You can find an easy method of construction to produce larger (than 8x8): chapter [35] Basic
key method (1).
It is possible to produce the following perfect 16x16 Franklin panmagic square by enlarging the
8x8 square (see above):
47
2
247
218
63
18
231
202
111
66
183
154
127
82
167
138
243
222
43
6
227
206
59
22
179
158
107
70
163
142
123
86
10
39
210
255
26
55
194
239
74
103
146
191
90
119
130
175
214
251
14
35
198
235
30
51
150
187
78
99
134
171
94
115
48
1
248
217
64
17
232
201
112
65
184
153
128
81
168
137
244
221
44
5
228
205
60
21
180
157
108
69
164
141
124
85
9
40
209
256
25
56
193
240
73
104
145
192
89
120
129
176
213
252
13
36
197
236
29
52
149
188
77
100
133
172
93
116
15
34
215
250
31
50
199
234
79
98
151
186
95
114
135
170
211
254
11
38
195
238
27
54
147
190
75
102
131
174
91
118
42
7
242
223
58
23
226
207
106
71
178
159
122
87
162
143
246
219
46
3
230
203
62
19
182
155
110
67
166
139
126
83
16
33
216
249
32
49
200
233
80
97
152
185
96
113
136
169
212
253
12
37
196
237
28
53
148
189
76
101
132
173
92
117
41
8
241
224
57
24
225
208
105
72
177
160
121
88
161
144
245
220
45
4
229
204
61
20
181
156
109
68
165
140
125
84
The 16x16 square has the same basic pattern as the 8x8 square (only the 2 sub-squares have
switched places).
Basic (row) pattern 16x16 square
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
15
2
7
10
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
3
14
11
6
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
10
7
2
15
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
16
1
8
9
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
4
13
12
5
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
9
8
1
16
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
5
12
13
4
If you place the digits from 1 to 256 in rows of 16 under each other, then you get 16 columns (of
16 digits). The column pattern of the 16x16 square is as follows:
74
Column pattern 16x16 square

3
1
16
14
4
2
15
13
7
5
12
10
8
6
11
9
16
14
3
1
15
13
4
2
12
10
7
5
11
9
8
6
1
3
14
16
2
4
13
15
5
7
10
12
6
8
9
11
14
16
1
3
13
15
2
4
10
12
5
7
9
11
6
8
3
1
16
14
4
2
15
13
7
5
12
10
8
6
11
9
16
14
3
1
15
13
4
2
12
10
7
5
11
9
8
6
1
3
14
16
2
4
13
15
5
7
10
12
6
8
9
11
14
16
1
3
13
15
2
4
10
12
5
7
9
11
6
8
1
3
14
16
2
4
13
15
5
7
10
12
6
8
9
11
14
16
1
3
13
15
2
4
10
12
5
7
9
11
6
8
3
1
16
14
4
2
15
13
7
5
12
10
8
6
11
9
16
14
3
1
15
13
4
2
12
10
7
5
11
9
8
6
1
3
14
16
2
4
13
15
5
7
10
12
6
8
9
11
14
16
1
3
13
15
2
4
10
12
5
7
9
11
6
8
3
1
16
14
4
2
15
13
7
5
12
10
8
6
11
9
16
14
3
1
15
13
4
2
12
10
7
5
11
9
8
6
Use the following formula: Add to a cell from the basic pattern the same cell from the column
pattern minus 1 multiplied by 16 (= the size of the square). For example the top cell at the left:
15 + (3-1)x16 = 47.
It is even possible to enlarge the 16x16 square to a 32x32 square and then to a 64x64 square,
and then to a 128x128 square, and then .
Left half of the column pattern 32x32 square

11
64
54
11
64
54
75
62
56
62
56
1
64
54
12
2
63
53
15
5
60
50
16
6
59
49
27
17
48
38
28
18
47
37
31
21
44
34
32
22
43
33
54
11
1
63
53
12
2
60
50
15
5
59
49
16
6
48
38
27
17
47
37
28
18
44
34
31
21
43
33
32
22
11
54
64
2
12
53
63
5
15
50
60
6
16
49
59
17
27
38
48
18
28
37
47
21
31
34
44
22
32
33
43
64
1
11
53
63
2
12
50
60
5
15
49
59
6
16
38
48
17
27
37
47
18
28
34
44
21
31
33
43
22
32
1
64
54
12
2
63
53
15
5
60
50
16
6
59
49
27
17
48
38
28
18
47
37
31
21
44
34
32
22
43
33
54
11
1
63
53
12
2
60
50
15
5
59
49
16
6
48
38
27
17
47
37
28
18
44
34
31
21
43
33
32
22
11
54
64
2
12
53
63
5
15
50
60
6
16
49
59
17
27
38
48
18
28
37
47
21
31
34
44
22
32
33
43
64
1
11
53
63
2
12
50
60
5
15
49
59
6
16
38
48
17
27
37
47
18
28
34
44
21
31
33
43
22
32
3
62
56
10
4
61
55
13
7
58
52
14
8
57
51
25
19
46
40
26
20
45
39
29
23
42
36
30
24
41
35
56
9
3
61
55
10
4
58
52
13
7
57
51
14
8
46
40
25
19
45
39
26
20
42
36
29
23
41
35
30
24
9
56
62
4
10
55
61
7
13
52
58
8
14
51
57
19
25
40
46
20
26
39
45
23
29
36
42
24
30
35
41
62
3
9
55
61
4
10
52
58
7
13
51
57
8
14
40
46
19
25
39
45
20
26
36
42
23
29
35
41
24
30
3
62
56
10
4
61
55
13
7
58
52
14
8
57
51
25
19
46
40
26
20
45
39
29
23
42
36
30
24
41
35
56
9
3
61
55
10
4
58
52
13
7
57
51
14
8
46
40
25
19
45
39
26
20
42
36
29
23
41
35
30
24
9
56
62
4
10
55
61
7
13
52
58
8
14
51
57
19
25
40
46
20
26
39
45
23
29
36
42
24
30
35
41
62
3
9
55
61
4
10
52
58
7
13
51
57
8
14
40
46
19
25
39
45
20
26
36
42
23
29
35
41
24
30
Right half of the column pattern 32x32 square

3
9
56
62
9
3
62
56
3
9
56
62
9
3
62
56
1
11
76
54
64
11
1
64
54
1
11
54
64
11
1
64
54
56
62
4
10
55
61
7
13
52
58
8
14
51
57
19
25
40
46
20
26
39
45
23
29
36
42
24
30
35
41
3
9
55
61
4
10
52
58
7
13
51
57
8
14
40
46
19
25
39
45
20
26
36
42
23
29
35
41
24
30
62
56
10
4
61
55
13
7
58
52
14
8
57
51
25
19
46
40
26
20
45
39
29
23
42
36
30
24
41
35
9
3
61
55
10
4
58
52
13
7
57
51
14
8
46
40
25
19
45
39
26
20
42
36
29
23
41
35
30
24
56
62
4
10
55
61
7
13
52
58
8
14
51
57
19
25
40
46
20
26
39
45
23
29
36
42
24
30
35
41
3
9
55
61
4
10
52
58
7
13
51
57
8
14
40
46
19
25
39
45
20
26
36
42
23
29
35
41
24
30
62
56
10
4
61
55
13
7
58
52
14
8
57
51
25
19
46
40
26
20
45
39
29
23
42
36
30
24
41
35
9
3
61
55
10
4
58
52
13
7
57
51
14
8
46
40
25
19
45
39
26
20
42
36
29
23
41
35
30
24
54
64
2
12
53
63
5
15
50
60
6
16
49
59
17
27
38
48
18
28
37
47
21
31
34
44
22
32
33
43
1
11
53
63
2
12
50
60
5
15
49
59
6
16
38
48
17
27
37
47
18
28
34
44
21
31
33
43
22
32
64
54
12
2
63
53
15
5
60
50
16
6
59
49
27
17
48
38
28
18
47
37
31
21
44
34
32
22
43
33
11
1
63
53
12
2
60
50
15
5
59
49
16
6
48
38
27
17
47
37
28
18
44
34
31
21
43
33
32
22
54
64
2
12
53
63
5
15
50
60
6
16
49
59
17
27
38
48
18
28
37
47
21
31
34
44
22
32
33
43
1
11
53
63
2
12
50
60
5
15
49
59
6
16
38
48
17
27
37
47
18
28
34
44
21
31
33
43
22
32
64
54
12
2
63
53
15
5
60
50
16
6
59
49
27
17
48
38
28
18
47
37
31
21
44
34
32
22
43
33
11
1
63
53
12
2
60
50
15
5
59
49
16
6
48
38
27
17
47
37
28
18
44
34
31
21
43
33
32
22
Place the basic pattern of the 16x16 square 2x2 under and next to each other, add (x-1)x32 from
the column pattern and you get a perfect Franklin panmagic 32x32 square.
77
[23] Basic pattern method (1b)

With basic pattern method 1a you use the splitted pattern of a panmagic 4x4 square. It is also
possible to use 4x the unsplitted pattern of a panmagic 4x4 square.
You need (2 x 2 =) 4x the same panmagic 4x4 square and 2 fixed grids.
1x digit from 4x the same
panmagic 4x4 square
15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3
15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
+ 16x digit from fixed grid 1

0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0

0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
78
15
52
37
26
47
20
5
58
54
9
32
35
22
41
64
3
28
39
50
13
60
7
18
45
33
30
11
56
1
62
43
24
31
36
53
10
63
4
21
42
38
25
16
51
6
57
48
19
12
55
34
29
44
23
2
61
49
14
27
40
17
46
59
8
Notify that the most perfect 8x8 magic square has the extra magic feature X (discovered by
Willem Barink).
79
[24] Basic pattern method (2)

It is also possible to use (the pattern of) each random chosen panmagic 4x4 square to produce a
most perfect magic 12x12 square.
You need 9x the same panmagic 4x4 square and 2 fixed 12x12 grids.
1x digit from grid of 9x the same 4x4 panmagic square
15
6
12
1
15
6
12
1
15
6
4
9
7
14
4
9
7
14
4
9
5
16
2
11
5
16
2
11
5
16
10
3
13
8
10
3
13
8
10
3
15
6
12
1
15
6
12
1
15
6
4
9
7
14
4
9
7
14
4
9
5
16
2
11
5
16
2
11
5
16
10
3
13
8
10
3
13
8
10
3
15
6
12
1
15
6
12
1
15
6
4
9
7
14
4
9
7
14
4
9
5
16
2
11
5
16
2
11
5
16
10
3
13
8
10
3
13
8
10
3
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8

0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
2
0
2
0
80
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
0
2
0
0
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
0
1
1
1
1
= most perfect 12x12 magic square

15 134
44
97
47 102
12
132
9 103
46 100
41 135
101
48 130
11 133
16
98
42
99
13 136
10 131
45
111
38 140
1 143
6 108
36 105
7 142
4 137
39
5 144
34 107
37 112
2
138
3 109
40 106
35 141
63
86
92
49
95
54
60
84
57
55
94
52
89
87
53
96
82
59
85
64
50
90
51
61
88
58
83
93
129
14
43
104
33
110
139
8
81
62
91
56
31
116
117
26
127
20
21
122
79
68
69
74
118
25
32
115
22
121
128
19
70
73
80
67
28
119
114
29
124
23
18
125
76
71
66
77
113
30
27
120
17
126
123
24
65
78
75
72
Willem Barink).
81

MOST PERFECT (FRANKLIN PAN)MAGIC 16x16 SQUARE:
It is possible to use a 4x4 carpet of the pattern (dont split it up!) of a pan magic 4x4 square to
produce amost perfect (Franklin pan)magic 16x16 square. You need a 4x4 carpet of a pan magic
4x4 square and a (second) 4x4 carpet of the shifted versions of the pan magic 4x4 square (notify
that this is comparable with the production of an ultra pan magic 25x25 square by using the
shifted versions of a pan magic 5x5 square).
The first 4x4 carpet consist of (top left) a pan magic 4x4 square plus 15x the shifted versions of
the pan magic 4x4 square. To produce the shifted versions of the pan magic 4x4 square you need
a 2x2 carpet of the pan magic 4x4 square. Two (= red and blue) coordinates give the starting
positions (is digits at the top left) of the shifted versions of the 4x4 pan magic square.
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
2
5 11 12
2
5 11 12
15
8
6
1 15
8
6
1
4
3 13 10
4
3 13 10
9 14
0
7
9 14
0
7
2
5 11 12
2
5 11 12
15
8
6
1 15
8
6
1
4
3 13 10
4
3 13 10
9 14
0
7
9 14
0
7
0,0
2,1
0,2
2,3
1,2
3,3
1,0
3,1
2,0
0,1
2,2
0,3
3,2
1,3
3,0
1,1
The second 4x4 carpet consists of 4x4 the same pan magic 4x4 square.
1x digit from the 4x4 carpet of the shifted versions of the pan magic 4x4 square
2
15
4
9
6
13
0
11
4
9
2
15
0
11
6
13
5
8
3
14
1
10
7
12
3
14
5
8
7
12
1
10
11
6
13
0
15
4
9
2
13
0
11
6
9
2
15
4
12
1
10
7
8
3
14
5
10
7
12
1
14
5
8
3
3
14
5
8
7
12
1
10
5
8
3
14
1
10
7
12
13
0
11
6
9
2
15
4
11
6
13
0
15
4
9
2
10
7
12
1
14
5
8
3
12
1
10
7
8
3
14
5
4
9
2
15
0
11
6
13
2
15
4
9
6
13
0
11
11
6
13
0
15
4
9
2
13
0
11
6
9
2
15
4
12
1
10
7
8
3
14
5
10
7
12
1
14
5
8
3
2
15
4
9
6
13
0
11
4
9
2
15
0
11
6
13
5
8
3
14
1
10
7
12
3
14
5
8
7
12
1
10
10
7
12
1
14
5
8
3
12
1
10
7
8
3
14
5
4
9
2
15
0
11
6
13
2
15
4
9
6
13
0
11
3
14
5
8
7
12
1
10
5
8
3
14
1
10
7
12
13
0
11
6
9
2
15
4
11
6
13
0
15
4
9
2
16x digit from the 4x4 carpet of the pan magic 4x4 square
2
5 11 12
5 11 12
5 11 12
82
5 11 12
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
2
15
4
9
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
5
8
3
14
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
11
6
13
0
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
12
1
10
7
= Perfect Franklin pan magic 16x16 square

34
255
68
153
38
253
64
155
36
249
66
159
32
251
70
157
85
136
51
238
81
138
55
236
83
142
53
232
87
140
49
234
187
102
221
0
191
100
217
2
189
96
219
6
185
98
223
4
204
17
170
119
200
19
174
117
202
23
172
113
206
21
168
115
35
254
69
152
39
252
65
154
37
248
67
158
33
250
71
156
93
128
59
230
89
130
63
228
91
134
61
224
95
132
57
226
186
103
220
1
190
101
216
3
188
97
218
7
184
99
222
5
196
25
162
127
192
27
166
125
194
31
164
121
198
29
160
123
43
246
77
144
47
244
73
146
45
240
75
150
41
242
79
148
92
129
58
231
88
131
62
229
90
135
60
225
94
133
56
227
178
111
212
9
182
109
208
11
180
105
210
15
176
107
214
13
83
197
24
163
126
193
26
167
124
195
30
165
120
199
28
161
122
42
247
76
145
46
245
72
147
44
241
74
151
40
243
78
149
84
137
50
239
80
139
54
237
82
143
52
233
86
141
48
235
179
110
213
8
183
108
209
10
181
104
211
14
177
106
215
12
205
16
171
118
201
18
175
116
203
22
173
112
207
20
169
114

Just like basic pattern method 3a, the first pattern is a carpet of 4x4 the same panmagic 4x4
square. You need the carpet and 2 fixed patterns to produce a most perfect (Franklin pan)magic
16x16 square.
1x digit from carpet of 4x4 the same panmagic 4x4 square
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
3
16
5
10
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
6
9
4
15
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
12
7
14
1
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
13
2
11
8
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
+ 16x digit from fixed pattern 1

0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
0
1
3
2
1
0
2
3
3
2
0
1
2
3
1
0
+ 64x digit from fixed pattern 2 (= reflected version of fixed pattern 1)
84
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
12
215
62
225
28
199
46
241
60
231
14
209
44
247
30
193
125
162
75
152
109
178
91
136
77
146
123
168
93
130
107
184
131
96
181
106
147
80
165
122
179
112
133
90
163
128
149
74
246
41
196
31
230
57
212
15
198
25
244
47
214
9
228
63
76
151
126
161
92
135
110
177
124
167
78
145
108
183
94
129
61
226
11
216
45
242
27
200
13
210
59
232
29
194
43
248
= most perfect (Franklin pan)magic 16x16 square

3
224
53
234
19
208
37
250
51
240
5
218
35
256
21
202
118
169
68
159
102
185
84
143
70
153
116
175
86
137
100
191
204
23
254
33
220
7
238
49
252
39
206
17
236
55
222
1
189
98
139
88
173
114
155
72
141
82
187
104
157
66
171
120
67
160
117
170
83
144
101
186
115
176
69
154
99
192
85
138
54
233
4
223
38
249
20
207
6
217
52
239
22
201
36
255
140
87
190
97
156
71
174
113
188
103
142
81
172
119
158
65
253
34
203
24
237
50
219
8
205
18
251
40
221
2
235
56
195
32
245
42
211
16
229
58
243
48
197
26
227
64
213
10
182
105
132
95
166
121
148
79
134
89
180
111
150
73
164
127
N.B.: It is also possible to use (in stead of. 4x4 unsplitted panmagic 4x4 square,) 8x2x splitted
panmagic 4x4 squares of basic pattern method 1.
85
[27] Basic pattern method (3c)

With basic pattern method 3b it is possible to use the splitted as well as the unsplitted pattern of a
panmagic 4x4 square. With basic pattern method 3c it is only possible to use the unsplitted
pattern of a panmagic 4x4 square. But the result is a most perfect magic 16x16 square with the
extra magic feature X.
You need (4 x 4 =) 16x the same panmagic 4x4 square and 2 fixed patterns.
1x digit from 16x the same panmagic 4x4 square
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6
4
9
7 14
4
9
7 14
4
9
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3
+16x digit from fixed grid 1

0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
86
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
15
4
5
10
15
4
5
10
15
4
5
10
15
4
5
10
6
9
16
3
6
9
16
3
6
9
16
3
6
9
16
3
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
12
7
2
13
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
1
14
11
8
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1

15 246 60 193 63 198 12 241
244
9 199 62 196 57 247 14
197 64 242 11 245 16 194 59
58 195 13 248 10 243 61 200
207 54 252
1 255
6 204 49
52 201
7 254
4 249 55 206
5 256 50 203 53 208
2 251
250
3 205 56 202 51 253
8
79 182 124 129 127 134 76 177
180 73 135 126 132 121 183 78
133 128 178 75 181 80 130 123
122 131 77 184 74 179 125 136
143 118 188 65 191 70 140 113
116 137 71 190 68 185 119 142
69 192 114 139 117 144 66 187
186 67 141 120 138 115 189 72
31
228
213
42
223
36
21
234
95
164
149
106
159
100
85
170
230
25
48
211
38
217
240
19
166
89
112
147
102
153
176
83
44
215
226
29
236
23
34
221
108
151
162
93
172
87
98
157
209
46
27
232
17
238
219
40
145
110
91
168
81
174
155
104
47
212
229
26
239
20
37
218
111
148
165
90
175
84
101
154
214
41
32
227
22
233
224
35
150
105
96
163
86
169
160
99
28
231
210
45
220
39
18
237
92
167
146
109
156
103
82
173
225
30
43
216
33
222
235
24
161
94
107
152
97
158
171
88
Willem Barink).
87

You need 25x the same panmagic 4x4 and 2 fixed 20x20 grids.
1x digit from 20x20 grid of 25x the same panmagic 4x4 square
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
88

0

0
89

15 390
76 321
79 326
12 385
31 374
60 337
63 342
28 369
47 358
44 353
388
9 327
78 324
73 391
14 372
25 343
62 340
57 375
30 356
41 359
46
325
80 386
11 389
16 322
75 341
64 370
27 373
32 338
59 357
48 354
43
74 323
335
13 392
70 396
10 387
1 399
77 328
6 332
58 339
65 351
29 376
54 380
26 371
17 383
61 344
22 348
42 355
49 367
45 360
38 364
33
68 329
7 398
4 393
71 334
52 345
23 382
20 377
55 350
36 361
39 366
5 400
66 331
69 336
2 395
21 384
50 347
53 352
18 379
37 368
34 363
394
3 333
72 330
67 397
95 310 156 241 159 246

308
154 243
93 312
255 150 316

148 249
91 309
51 381
24 362
35 365
40
94 292 105 263 142 260 137 295 110 276 121 279 126
96 242 155 261 144 290 107 293 112 258 139 277 128 274 123
86 252 145 271 134 300
97 303 102 268 129 287 118 284 113
84 313 151 254 132 265 103 302 100 297 135 270 116 281 119 286
85 320 146 251 149 256

314
56 346
90 307 157 248 138 259 109 296 106 291 141 264 122 275 125 280
81 319
87 318
19 349
92 305 111 294 140 257 143 262 108 289 127 278 124 273
89 247 158 244 153 311
245 160 306
8 378
82 315 101 304 130 267 133 272
83 253 152 250 147 317
88 298
98 299 117 288 114 283
99 269 136 266 131 301 104 282 115 285 120
175 230 236 161 239 166 172 225 191 214 220 177 223 182 188 209 207 198 204 193
228 169 167 238 164 233 231 174 212 185 183 222 180 217 215 190 196 201 199 206
165 240 226 171 229 176 162 235 181 224 210 187 213 192 178 219 197 208 194 203
234 163 173 232 170 227 237 168 218 179 189 216 186 211 221 184 202 195 205 200
Willem Barink).
90

15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
15
12
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
16
11
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13
10
13

0
91
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
3
2
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2

0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
5
0
0
5
0
5
5
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
2
2
3
2
3
3
2
0
5
5
0
5
0
0
5
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3

15 566
92 481
95 486
12 561
31 550
76 497
92
79 502
28 545
47 534
60 513
63 518
44 529
564
9 487
94 484
89 567
14 548
25 503
78 500
73 551
30 532
41 519
62 516
57 535
46
485
96 562
11 565
16 482
91 501
80 546
27 549
32 498
75 517
64 530
43 533
48 514
59
90 483
495
13 568
86 572
10 563
1 575
93 488
6 492
74 499
81 511
29 552
70 556
26 547
17 559
77 504
22 508
58 515
65 527
45 536
54 540
42 531
33 543
61 520
38 524
49
84 489
7 574
4 569
87 494
68 505
23 558
20 553
71 510
52 521
39 542
36 537
55 526
5 576
82 491
85 496
2 571
21 560
66 507
69 512
18 555
37 544
50 523
53 528
34 539
570
3 493
88 490
83 573
8 554
19 509
72 506
67 557
24 538
35 525
56 522
51 541
40
111 470 188 385 191 390 108 465 127 454 172 401 175 406 124 449 143 438 156 417 159 422 140 433
468 105 391 190 388 185 471 110 452 121 407 174 404 169 455 126 436 137 423 158 420 153 439 142
389 192 466 107 469 112 386 187 405 176 450 123 453 128 402 171 421 160 434 139 437 144 418 155
186 387 109 472 106 467 189 392 170 403 125 456 122 451 173 408 154 419 141 440 138 435 157 424
399 182 476
97 479 102 396 177 415 166 460 113 463 118 412 161 431 150 444 129 447 134 428 145
180 393 103 478 100 473 183 398 164 409 119 462 116 457 167 414 148 425 135 446 132 441 151 430
101 480 178 395 181 400
474
98 475 117 464 162 411 165 416 114 459 133 448 146 427 149 432 130 443
99 397 184 394 179 477 104 458 115 413 168 410 163 461 120 442 131 429 152 426 147 445 136
207 374 284 289 287 294 204 369 223 358 268 305 271 310 220 353 239 342 252 321 255 326 236 337
372 201 295 286 292 281 375 206 356 217 311 270 308 265 359 222 340 233 327 254 324 249 343 238
293 288 370 203 373 208 290 283 309 272 354 219 357 224 306 267 325 256 338 235 341 240 322 251
282 291 205 376 202 371 285 296 266 307 221 360 218 355 269 312 250 323 237 344 234 339 253 328
303 278 380 193 383 198 300 273 319 262 364 209 367 214 316 257 335 246 348 225 351 230 332 241
276 297 199 382 196 377 279 302 260 313 215 366 212 361 263 318 244 329 231 350 228 345 247 334
197 384 274 299 277 304 194 379 213 368 258 315 261 320 210 363 229 352 242 331 245 336 226 347
378 195 301 280 298 275 381 200 362 211 317 264 314 259 365 216 346 227 333 248 330 243 349 232
Willem Barink).
93

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13

0
94
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0
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15 774 108 673 111 678
772
12 769
9 679 110 676 105 775
31 758
14 756
92 689
25 695
95 694
94 692
95
28 753
89 759
47 742
30 740
76 705
41 711
79 710
78 708
44 737
73 743
63 726
46 724
60 721
57 727
62
677 112 770

106 675
13 776
687 102 780

100 681
5 784
778
11 773
10 771 109 680
1 783
7 782
16 674 107 693
6 684
98 683 101 688
3 685 104 682
2 779
99 781
90 691
97 703
4 777 103 686
96 754
27 757
29 760
86 764
32 690
26 755
17 767
91 709
93 696
22 700
80 738
74 707
81 719
43 741
45 744
70 748
48 706
42 739
33 751
75 725
77 712
38 716
64 722
58 723
65 735
59
61 728
54 732
49
84 697
23 766
20 761
87 702
68 713
39 750
36 745
71 718
52 729
55 734
21 768
82 699
85 704
18 763
37 752
66 715
69 720
34 747
53 736
50 731
8 762
19 701
88 698
83 765
24 746
35 717
72 714
67 749
40 730
51 733
56
127 662 220 561 223 566 124 657 143 646 204 577 207 582 140 641 159 630 188 593 191 598 156 625 175 614 172 609
660 121 567 222 564 217 663 126 644 137 583 206 580 201 647 142 628 153 599 190 596 185 631 158 612 169 615 174
565 224 658 123 661 128 562 219 581 208 642 139 645 144 578 203 597 192 626 155 629 160 594 187 613 176 610 171
218 563 125 664 122 659 221 568 202 579 141 648 138 643 205 584 186 595 157 632 154 627 189 600 170 611 173 616
575 214 668 113 671 118 572 209 591 198 652 129 655 134 588 193 607 182 636 145 639 150 604 177 623 166 620 161
212 569 119 670 116 665 215 574 196 585 135 654 132 649 199 590 180 601 151 638 148 633 183 606 164 617 167 622
117 672 210 571 213 576 114 667 133 656 194 587 197 592 130 651 149 640 178 603 181 608 146 635 165 624 162 619
666 115 573 216 570 211 669 120 650 131 589 200 586 195 653 136 634 147 605 184 602 179 637 152 618 163 621 168
239 550 332 449 335 454 236 545 255 534 316 465 319 470 252 529 271 518 300 481 303 486 268 513 287 502 284 497
548 233 455 334 452 329 551 238 532 249 471 318 468 313 535 254 516 265 487 302 484 297 519 270 500 281 503 286
453 336 546 235 549 240 450 331 469 320 530 251 533 256 466 315 485 304 514 267 517 272 482 299 501 288 498 283
330 451 237 552 234 547 333 456 314 467 253 536 250 531 317 472 298 483 269 520 266 515 301 488 282 499 285 504
463 326 556 225 559 230 460 321 479 310 540 241 543 246 476 305 495 294 524 257 527 262 492 289 511 278 508 273
324 457 231 558 228 553 327 462 308 473 247 542 244 537 311 478 292 489 263 526 260 521 295 494 276 505 279 510
229 560 322 459 325 464 226 555 245 544 306 475 309 480 242 539 261 528 290 491 293 496 258 523 277 512 274 507
554 227 461 328 458 323 557 232 538 243 477 312 474 307 541 248 522 259 493 296 490 291 525 264 506 275 509 280
351 438 444 337 447 342 348 433 367 422 428 353 431 358 364 417 383 406 412 369 415 374 380 401 399 390 396 385
436 345 343 446 340 441 439 350 420 361 359 430 356 425 423 366 404 377 375 414 372 409 407 382 388 393 391 398
341 448 434 347 437 352 338 443 357 432 418 363 421 368 354 427 373 416 402 379 405 384 370 411 389 400 386 395
442 339 349 440 346 435 445 344 426 355 365 424 362 419 429 360 410 371 381 408 378 403 413 376 394 387 397 392
Willem Barink).
96

It is also possible to use a panmagic 4x4 square to produce a most perfect (Franklin pan)magic
32x32 square.
You need a panmagic 4x4 square (see chapter [7] panmagic 4x4 square) and 2 fixed patterns.
1x digit from carpet of 8x8 the same panmagic 4x4 square
3
16
5
6 12 13
9
16
5
16
5
16
5
16
5
2 16
4 14 11
10 15
2 16
5
2 16
5
2 16
5
2 16
5
2 16
5
2 16
5
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
1
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
1
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
1
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
1
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
97
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
2 16
6 12 13
9
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
9
8 10 15
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
6 12 13
9
2 16
4 14 11
1
6 12 13
8 10 15
4 14 11
8 10 15
6 12 13
9
2 16
4 14 11
1
8 10 15
6 12 13
9
2 16
4 14 11
1
2 16
6 12 13
8 10 15
6 12 13
9
2 16
4 14 11
10 15
3
4 14 11
8 10 15
6 12 13
10 15
16
2 16
4 14 11
10 15
16
8 10 15
6 12 13
10 15
3
2 16
4 14 11
10 15
3
6 12 13
8 10 15
6 12 13
10 15
3
2 16
4 14 11
10 15
16
6 12 13
9
4 14 11
8 10 15
+ 16x digit from fixed pattern 1

0
98
+ 128x digit from fixed pattern 2 (= reflected version of fixed pattern 1)

0
99

3 246 908 893 259 502 652 637 131 118 780 1021 387 374 524 765 899 886
928 873
23 226 672 617 279 482 800 1001 151
117 132 1022 779 373 388 766 523 245

1002 799
960 841
24 618 671 481 280 106 159 993 792 362 415 737 536 234
86 812 989 419 342 556 733 931 854
55 194 704 585 311 450 832 969 183
85 164 990 811 341 420 734 555 213

970 831
32 233 919 866 288 489 663 610 160 105 791 994 416 361 535 738
4 894 907 501 260 638 651 1013 772 126 139 757 516 382 395 885 900 254
97 152 746 543 353 408 874 927 225
35 214 940 861 291 470 684 605 163
98 544 745 407 354
66 576 713 439 322
36 862 939 469 292 606 683 981 804
65 184 714 575 321 440 842 959 193
56 586 703 449 312
7 242 656 633 263 498 784 1017 135 114 528 761 391 370
101 148 1006 795 357 404 750 539 229
51 198 956 845 307 454 700 589 179

944 857
69 180 974 827 325 436 718 571 197

986 815
8 634 655 497 264 122 143 1009 776 378 399 753 520 250
82 560 729 423 338
40 602 687 465 296
18 624 665 487 274 112 153 999 786 368 409 743 530 240
5 244 910 891 261 500 654 635 133 116 782 1019 389 372 526 763 901 884
922 879
17 232 666 623 273 488 794 1007 145 104 538 751 401 360
83 166 988 813 339 422 732 557 211

976 825
954 847
72 570 719 433 328
2 640 649 503 258 128 137 1015 770 384 393 759 514 256
1 248 650 639 257 504 778 1023 129 120 522 767 385 376
992 809
53 196 958 843 309 452 702 587 181

938 863
34 608 681 471 290
79 817 968 442 335 561 712
88 554 735 417 344
29 611 662 492 285
9 887 898 512 265 631 642
30 235 661 612 286 491 789 996 158 107 533 740 414 363
76 189 707 566 332 445 835 950 204
96 169 983 802 352 425 727 546 224
68 830 971 437 324 574 715 949 836
33 216 682 607 289 472 810 991 161
91 549 724 430 347
10 255 897 888 266 511 641 632 138 127 769 1016 394 383 513 760
54 844 957 451 310 588 701 963 822
87 162 736 553 343 418 864 937 215
45 595 678 476 301
57 839 946 464 313 583 690
46 219 677 596 302 475 805 980 174
58 207 945 840 314 463 689 584 186
21 228 926 875 277 484 670 619 149 100 798 1003 405 356 542 747 917 868
67 182 972 829 323 438 716 573 195
92 173 723 550 348 429 851 934 220
22 876 925 483 278 620 669 995 790 108 157 739 534 364 413 867 918 236
1024 777 119 130 768 521 375 386 896 905 247
906 895
25 871 914 496 281 615 658
14 251 645 628 270 507 773 1012 142 123 517 756 398 379
80 185 967 818 336 441 711 562 208
84 814 987 421 340 558 731 933 852
49 200 698 591 305 456 826 975 177
99 150 1004 797 355 406 748 541 227
50 592 697 455 306
13 627 646 508 269
26 239 913 872 282 495 657 616 154 111 785 1000 410 367 529 744
38 860 941 467 294 604 685 979 806
71 178 720 569 327 434 848 953 199
37 212 942 859 293 468 686 603 165
59 581 692 462 315
47 849 936 474 303 593 680
6 892 909 499 262 636 653 1011 774 124 141 755 518 380 397 883 902 252
1008 793 103 146 752 537 359 402 880 921 231
77 563 710 444 333
89 807 978 432 345 551 722
78 187 709 564 334 443 837 948 206
90 175 977 808 346 431 721 552 218
27 613 660 494 283
15 881 904 506 271 625 648
60 205 691 582 316 461 819 966 188
48 217 935 850 304 473 679 594 176
52 846 955 453 308 590 699 965 820
81 168 730 559 337 424 858 943 209
115 134 1020 781 371 390 764 525 243
28 237 659 614 284 493 787 998 156 109 531 742 412 365
16 249 903 882 272 505 647 626 144 121 775 1010 400 377 519 754
70 828 973 435 326 572 717 947 838
39 210 688 601 295 466 816 985 167
43 597 676 478 299
63 833 952 458 319 577 696
20 878 923 485 276 622 667 997 788 110 155 741 532 366 411 869 916 238
1018 783 113 136 762 527 369 392 890 911 241
93 547 726 428 349
73 823 962 448 329 567 706
94 171 725 548 350 427 853 932 222
74 191 961 824 330 447 705 568 202
11 629 644 510 267
31 865 920 490 287 609 664
44 221 675 598 300 477 803 982 172
64 201 951 834 320 457 695 578 192
19 230 924 877 275 486 668 621 147 102 796 1005 403 358 540 749 915 870
912 889
12 253 643 630 268 509 771 1014 140 125 515 758 396 381
62 203 693 580 318 459 821 964 190
42 223 929 856 298 479 673 600 170
61 579 694 460 317
41 855 930 480 297 599 674

75 565 708 446 331
95 801 984 426 351 545 728
N.B.: It is also possible to use (in stead of. 8x8 unsplitted panmagic 4x4 square,) 32x2x splitted
panmagic 4x4 squares of basic pattern method 1.
100

With basic pattern method 7a it is possible to use the splitted as well as the unsplitted panmagic
4x4 square. With basic pattern method 7b it is only possible to use the unsplitted pattern of a
panmagic 4x4 square. But the result is a most perfect magic 32x32 square with the extra magic
feature X.
You need (8 x 8 =) 64x the same panmagic 4x4 square and 2 fixed grids.
1x digit from 64x the same panmagic 4x4 square
15
4
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
1 15
6 12
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
7 14
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
5 16
2 11
10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
+16x digit from fixed grid 1

101
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
8 10
3 13
102
103
15 1014
1012
124
897
127
902
903
126
900
121 1015
901
128 1010
122
899
911
118 1020
116
905
5 1024
11 1013
13 1016
31
998
108
913
111
918
28
993
47
982
92
929
95
934
44
977
63
966
76
945
79
950
60
961
14
996
25
919
110
916
105
999
30
980
41
935
94
932
89
983
46
964
57
951
78
948
73
967
62
994
27
997
32
914
107
933
96
978
43
981
48
930
91
949
80
962
59
965
64
946
75
29 1000
26
995
109
920
90
931
45
984
42
979
93
936
74
947
61
968
58
963
77
952
17 1007
22
924
97
943
86
988
33
991
38
940
81
959
70
972
49
975
54
956
65
20 1001
103
926
84
937
39
990
36
985
87
942
68
953
55
974
52
969
71
958
16
898
123
917
112
10 1011
125
904
106
915
908
113
927
102 1004
4 1017
119
910
100
921
1 1023
7 1022
12 1009
114
907
117
912
1018
909
120
906
115 1021
2 1019
143
886
252
769
255
774
140
881
884
137
775
254
772
249
887
142
773
256
882
139
885
144
770
250
771
141
888
138
883
783
246
892
129
895
244
777
135
894
132
133
896
242
779
890
131
781
271
758
756
265
645
21 1008
23 1006
98
923
101
19
925
104
922
37
992
82
939
85
944
34
987
53
976
66
955
69
960
50
971
24
986
35
941
88
938
83
989
40
970
51
957
72
954
67
973
56
159
870
236
785
239
790
868
153
791
238
788
233
156
865
175
854
220
801
223
806
172
849
191
838
204
817
207
822
188
833
871
158
852
169
807
222
804
217
855
174
836
185
823
206
820
201
839
251
789
240
866
155
869
190
160
786
235
805
224
850
171
853
176
802
219
821
208
834
187
837
192
818
253
776
234
787
157
872
203
154
867
237
792
218
803
173
856
170
851
221
808
202
819
189
840
186
835
205
824
134
780
241
799
230
876
889
247
782
228
793
151
145
879
150
796
225
815
214
860
161
863
166
812
209
831
198
844
177
847
182
828
193
878
148
873
231
798
212
809
167
862
164
857
215
814
196
825
183
846
180
841
199
245
784
130
891
149
880
830
226
795
229
800
146
875
165
864
210
811
213
816
162
859
181
848
194
827
197
832
178
248
778
243
893
136
874
843
147
797
232
794
227
877
152
858
163
813
216
810
211
861
168
842
179
829
200
826
195
845
184
380
641
383
646
268
753
647
382
644
377
759
270
287
742
364
657
367
662
284
737
303
726
348
673
351
678
300
721
319
710
332
689
335
694
316
705
740
281
663
366
660
361
743
286
724
297
679
350
676
345
727
302
708
313
695
334
692
329
711
384
754
267
757
272
642
318
379
661
368
738
283
741
288
658
363
677
352
722
299
725
304
674
347
693
336
706
315
709
320
690
378
643
269
760
266
755
331
381
648
362
659
285
744
282
739
365
664
346
675
301
728
298
723
349
680
330
691
317
712
314
707
333
696
655
374
764
257
767
372
649
263
766
260
262
652
369
671
358
748
273
751
278
668
353
687
342
732
289
735
294
684
337
703
326
716
305
719
310
700
321
761
375
654
356
665
279
750
276
745
359
670
340
681
295
734
292
729
343
686
324
697
311
718
308
713
327
261
768
370
651
702
373
656
258
763
277
752
354
667
357
672
274
747
293
736
338
683
341
688
290
731
309
720
322
699
325
704
306
762
259
653
715
376
650
371
765
264
746
275
669
360
666
355
749
280
730
291
685
344
682
339
733
296
714
307
701
328
698
323
717
312
399
630
628
393
508
513
511
518
396
625
415
614
492
529
495
534
412
609
431
598
476
545
479
550
428
593
447
582
460
561
463
566
444
577
519
510
516
505
631
398
612
409
535
494
532
489
615
414
596
425
551
478
548
473
599
430
580
441
567
462
564
457
583
517
446
512
626
395
629
400
514
507
533
496
610
411
613
416
530
491
549
480
594
427
597
432
546
475
565
464
578
443
581
448
562
459
506
515
397
632
394
627
509
520
490
531
413
616
410
611
493
536
474
547
429
600
426
595
477
552
458
563
445
584
442
579
461
568
527
502
636
385
639
390
524
497
543
486
620
401
623
406
540
481
559
470
604
417
607
422
556
465
575
454
588
433
591
438
572
449
500
521
391
638
388
633
503
526
484
537
407
622
404
617
487
542
468
553
423
606
420
601
471
558
452
569
439
590
436
585
455
574
389
640
498
523
501
528
386
635
405
624
482
539
485
544
402
619
421
608
466
555
469
560
418
603
437
592
450
571
453
576
434
587
634
387
525
504
522
499
637
392
618
403
541
488
538
483
621
408
602
419
557
472
554
467
605
424
586
435
573
456
570
451
589
440
8 1002
928
18 1003
99 1005
Willem Barink).
104
[33] Analysis 8x8 Franklin panmagic square (1)

It is possible to choose sub-squares from a 2x2 carpet (see chapter [8] 4x4 panmagic squares
and each sub-square is (Franklin) panmagic. It is also possible to swap rows and/or columns
1&3, 2&4, 5&7 and/or 6&8 of each 8x8 Franklin panmagic square without loosing any magic
feature.
[1st] Analysis of an 8x8 panmagic square from the book of Arno van den Essen
In the book Magische vierkanten: van Lo Shu tot Sudoku from Arno van den Essen, 2nd print,
you can find on page 152 an 8x8 Franklin panmagic square. By swapping some rows and
columns (as mentioned above), you can simplify the pattern of the square:
Simplified
pattern
1 32 38
40 57
3
27
6 64
62 35 25
17 16 54
56 41 19
11 22 48
46 51
9
Franklin panmagic square page 152

1 32 38 59
5 28 34 63
46 51
9 24 42 55 13 20
27
6 64 33 31
2 60 37
56 41 19 14 52 45 23 10
11 22 48 49 15 18 44 53
40 57
3 30 36 61
7 26
17 16 54 43 21 12 50 47
62 35 25
8 58 39 29
4
59
30
33
8
43
14
49
24
34
7
60
29
50
23
44
13
63
26
37
4
47
10
53
20
5
36
31
58
21
52
15
42
28
61
2
39
12
45
18
55
The simplified pattern of the 8x8 square can be traced back to (the pattern of) a 4x4 panmagic
square as follows:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
1 16
6 11
2
8
9
3 14
7
11
6 16
1 12
14
3
9
8 13
1 16
6 11
2
8
9
3 14
7
11
6 16
1 12
14
3
9
8 13
15
10
5
4
15
10
5
4
5
4
15
10
5
4
15
10
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
12
13
2
7
12
13
2
7
The basic pattern is a 4x4 panmagic square, which has been split up and filled in as follows:
panmagic 4x4
split up
fill in
105
1 15 6 12
8 10 3 13
11 5 16 2
14 4 9 7
1
8
11
14
6
3
16
9
15
10
5
4
12
13
2
7
1 16 6 11 2 15 5 12
8 9 3 14 7 10 4 13
11 6 16 1 12 5 15 2
14 3 9 8 13 4 10 7
Please note: an alternative basic pattern has been found!

[2nd] Analysis of an 8x8 panmagic square on the website of Miguel Angel Amela
On the website www.region.com.ar/amela/franklinsquares/ you can find the square below - an
8x8 Franklin panmagic square - at structure I. This square can be traced back to a simplified
pattern. First row 6&8 and column 5&7 have been swapped and secondly the coloured digits
have been swapped (alternatively).
Example structure I from website
1
60
14
55
9
63
6
52
46
23
33
28
38
20
41
31
51
10
64
5
59
13
56
2
32
37
19
42
24
34
27
45
35
26
48
21
43
29
40
18
62
7
49
12
54
4
57
15
17
44
30
39
25
47
22
36
16
53
3
58
8
50
11
61
Swap row 6&8 and column 5&7

1
60
14
55
9
52
6
63
46
23
33
28
38
31
41
20
51
10
64
5
59
2
56
13
32
37
19
42
24
45
27
34
17
44
30
39
25
36
22
47
62
7
49
12
54
15
57
4
35
26
48
21
43
18
40
29
16
53
3
58
8
61
11
50
Alternative swap (coloured digits)

33
28
46
23
41
20
38
31
14
55
1
60
6
63
9
52
19
42
32
37
27
34
24
45
64
5
51
10
56
13
59
2
17
44
30
39
25
36
22
47
62
7
49
12
54
15
57
4
35
26
48
21
43
18
40
29
16
53
3
58
8
61
11
50
The simplified pattern of the 8x8 square can be traced back to (the pattern of) a 4x4 panmagic
square as follows:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
1 14
3 16
1 14
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
3 16
106
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
12
7 10
5 12
7 10
5
14
1 16
3 14
1 16
3
7 12
5 10
7 12
5 10
9
6 11
8
9
6 11
8
4 15
2 13
4 15
2 13
6
9
8 11
6
9
8 11
15
4 13
2 15
4 13
2
The basic pattern is a 4x4 panmagic square, which has been split up and filled in as follows:
panmagic 4x4
split up
9
6
3 16
4 15 10
5
14
1
8 11
7 12 13
2
fill in
3 16
10
5
1 14
3 16
12
7 10
5
14
1 16
3
7 12
5 10
9
6 11
8
4 15
2 13
6
9
8 11
15
4 13
2
14
1
7 12
9
6
4 15
8 11
13
2
It appears to be a new basic pattern but it is in fact the basic pattern of a sub-square on the 2x2
carpet of the already known basic pattern (see below).
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
X
X
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
X
X
x
Please note: that (in addition to the already known [classical] row- and column swaps)
alternative digit swaps have been found.
[3rd] Analysis of an 8x8 panmagic square produced by the basic key method
107
The following 8x8 Franklin panmagic square has been produced according to the basic key
method of construction (see chapter [35] Basic key method(1)):
33
48
25
24
49
64
9
8
26
23
34
47
10
7
50
63
40
41
32
17
56
57
16
1
31
18
39
42
15
2
55
58
35
46
27
22
51
62
11
6
28
21
36
45
12
5
52
61
38
43
30
19
54
59
14
3
29
20
37
44
13
4
53
60
This square has the following pattern:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
1
16
9
8
1
16
9
8
10
8 15
3 12
7
9
2 14
5
2 16
7 11
4
15
1 10
6 13
10
8 15
3 12
7
9
2 14
5
2 16
7 11
4
15
1 10
6 13
6
11
14
3
6
11
14
3
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
13
4
5
12
13
4
5
12
This 8x8 Franklin panmagic square can be produced from a 4x4 panmagic square as follows:
panmagic 4x4
Swap (coloured digits) Split up
1
8 10 15
14 11
5
4
7
2 16
9
12 13
3
6
1 10
8 15
14
5 11
4
9
2 16
7
6 13
3 12
1 10
8 15
14
2 16
5 11
6 13
Fill in
1 10
8 15
3 12
6 13
16
7
9
2 14
5 11
4
9
2 16
7 11
4 14
5
8 15
1 10
6 13
3 12
108
7
3 12
Please note that an alternative swap of digits is necessary to translate the basic key method of
construction into the basic pattern method of construction.
[4th] Analysis of 8x8 panmagic square(s) of Willem Barink (medjig method)
The following 8x8 panmagic square can be found on Willem Barinks (medjig method) website
<wba.novaloka.nl/magic-squares.html>:
62
5
52
11
64
7
50
9
4
59
14
53
2
57
16
55
13
54
3
60
15
56
1
58
51
12
61
6
49
10
63
8
46
21
36
27
48
23
34
25
20
43
30
37
18
41
32
39
29
38
19
44
31
40
17
42
35
28
45
22
33
26
47
24
This square has the following pattern:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
14
4 13
3 14
4 13
3
5 11
6 12
5 11
6 12
4 14
3 13
4 14
3 13
11
5 12
6 11
5 12
6
16
2 15
1 16
2 15
1
7
9
8 10
7
9
8 10
2 16
1 15
2 16
1 15
9
7 10
8
9
7 10
8
This 8x8 Franklin panmagic square can be produced from a 4x4 panmagic square as follows:
panmagic 4x4
14
4 15
1
7
9
6 12
2 16
3 13
11
5 10
8
Split up
14
Fill in
14
4 13
3
5 11
6 12
4 14
3 13
11
5 12
6
16
2 15
1
7
9
8 10
2 16
1 15
9
7 10
8
6 12
3 13
11
5
15
10
7
9
2 16
109
It appears to be a new basic pattern but it is in fact the basic pattern of a sub-square on the 2x2
carpet of the already known basic pattern (see below).
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
X
X
x
x
x
x
X
X
x
x
X
X
X
X
x
Also the second 8x8 Franklin panmagic square on the website of Willem Barink can traced back
to (the pattern of) a 4x4 panmagic square.
See a complete classification of the most perfect magic 8x8 squares in 6 groups: [34] Analysis
Franklin panmagic squares (2)
110
[34] Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 squares (2)

How to produce all possible most perfect (Franklin pan)magic 8x8 squares?
First question is: how many (and which) most perfect magic 8x8 squares are there? According to
the information in the book of Arno van den Essen as well as on a several well-established
websites there are 368640 most perfect magic 8x8 squares excluding rotating and/or mirroring.
From Aale de Winkel I have got a download with 368640 most perfect magic 8x8 squares.
Obvious in the download is that the digits 1 up to 64 are not in a proportional quantity in the
upper left corner. If you watch the smallest most perfect magic square, the panmagic 4x4 square,
than you see that the digits 1 up to 16 are each 3 times (= proportinal quantity) in the upper left
corner of the 48 panmagic magic 4x4 squares excluding rotation and/or mirroring. Including
rotation and/or mirroring the digits 1 up to 16 are each (3 x 8 =) 24 times (= proportional
quantity) in the upper left corner. The proportionality is due to the shift of the 3 basic 4x4
panmagic squares (see chapter [8] panmagic 4x4 square). It is clear which 3 (basic magic
squares) x 16 (shifts) = 48 panmagic 4x4 squares are original. By rotation and/or mirroring you
get the remainder of the (48 x 8 =) 384 panmagic 4x4 squares including rotation and/or
mirroring. But it is not clear which most perfect magic 8x8 squares are original and which are
not.
The download starts with magic suares which have the digit 63 in the upper left corner. In the
download there are relatively a lot of magic squares which have the digit 63 in the upper left
corner. To be precise, in the download there are 23040 magic squares which have the digit 63, in
the upper left corner. Based on magic squares including rotation and/or mirroring I have
produced by rotation with a quarter to te right and (vertical) mirroring (see chapter [8] panmagic
4x4 square) 23040 other solutions. In total I have produced from the download (23040 + 23040
=) 46080 most perfect magic 8x8 squares including rotation and/or mirroring which have the
digit 63 in the upper left corner. Notify that 368640 x 8 / 64 = 46080; so 46080 most perfect
magic 8x8 squares which have the digit 63 in the upper left corner is a proportional part (1/64 x
2949120) of all most perfect magic 8x8 squares including rotation and/or mirroring.
I have sort the (8 rows x 8 digits = 64 digits in a row of all) 46080 most perfect magic 8x8
squares which have the digit 63 in the upper left corner. There turn out to be each time 384 magic
squares which have the same first 4 digits in the upper row, each time 48 magic squares which
have the same upper row (= 8 digits), each time 8 magic squares which have the same upper half
(= 32 digits) and each time 2 magic squares which have (due to the swap possibility of row 6&8)
the same five upper rows (= 40 digits).
I have used the different methods to produce most perfect magic 8x8 squares which have the digit
63 in the upper left corner and I have identified that these magic squares are in the download of
46080 most perfect magic squares which have the digit 63 in the upper left corner. So I have no
doubts that the number of 368640 (x 8 = 2949120 including rotation and or mirroring) is true.
111
Second question is: How can I get all 36840 (x 8 = 2949120) possibilities by using existing (or
new) methods to produce most perfect magic (8x8) squares? Besides the quadrant method of
Willem Barink, Sudoku method 3 and basic pattern method 1 have a big potential of solutions.
Sudoku method 3 and basic pattern method 1 have both the panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern.
Using Sudoku method 3 or basic pattern 1 you get different solutions. I have taken a sample of
120 (I have selected each time at random one magic square out of 384 magic squares, which have
the same first 4 digits in the upper row; notify that 120 x 384 = 46080) out of the 46080 most
perfect magic 8x8 squares which have the digit 63 in the upper left corner. I have determined
how these magic squares can be produced by using a 4x4 panmagic square as basic pattern.
In the sample of 120 most perfect (Franklin pan)magic squares (which I have corrected by
swapping rows and/or columns) I have discovered not only Sudoku methode 3 and basic pattern
method 1, but also Sudoku method 2 and three other groups. In total I have determined the
following 6 groups:
Group I [4x the same panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern = Sudoku method 3]
From the 120 magic squares 5 magic squares have 4x the same panmagic 4x4 square as basic
pattern. See for example:
Most perfect magic 8x8 s.
Basic pattern
Sudoku pattern
63
17
40
10
47
56
26
15
10
15
10
44
29
51
22
60
13
35
12
13
12
13
25
55
48
39
18
64
16
16
36
14
59
21
52
30
43
14
11
14
11
31
49
42
15
33
24
58
15
10
15
10
38
12
61
19
54
28
45
12
13
12
13
57
23
34
16
41
50
32
16
16
46
27
53
20
62
11
37
14
11
14
11
Group II [2x2 the same panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern]

From the 120 magic squares 21 magic squares have 2x2 the same panmagic 4x4 square as basic
Basic pattern
112
Sudoku pattern
63
33
24
10
31
56
42
15
10
15
10
28
45
51
38
60
13
19
12
13
12
13
41
55
32
23
34
64
16
16
20
14
59
37
52
46
27
14
11
14
11
43
53
30
11
21
36
62
11
14
11
14
18
16
57
39
50
48
25
16
16
61
35
22
12
29
54
44
13
12
13
12
26
47
49
40
58
15
17
10
15
10
15
Group III [4x different panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern]

From the 120 magic squares 11 magic squares have 4x a different panmagic 4x4 square as basic
Basic pattern
63
33
28
64
34
27
15
26
61
35
37
59
32
30
39
55
41
18
16
45
12
12
25
62
36
38
60
31
10
11
57
29
40
58
20
14
56
42
53
43
17
15
19
13
54
44
51
10
24
46
52
22
47
49
11
21
48
Sudoku pattern
16
11
13
16
12
14
15
14
13
10
16
14
11
10
13
15
12
23
13
10
14
50
12
15
11
16
Group IV [1x splitted up panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern = Basic pattern method 1
]
From the 120 magic squares 65 magic squares have 1x a splitted up panmagic 4x4 square as basic
pattern (notify that all 6 different basic patterns are in the sample). See for example:
Basic pattern
Sudoku pattern
63
54
10
61
56
12
15
10
13
12
50
14
59
52
16
57
14
11
16
11
55
62
53
64
11
14
16
58
15
51
60
13
49
10
15
12
13
31
35
22
42
29
33
24
44
15
10
13
12
18
46
27
39
20
48
25
37
14
11
16
43
23
34
30
41
21
36
32
11
14
16
38
26
47
19
40
28
45
17
10
15
13
12
Basic patterns 1, 2, 3 and 4 can have a different Sudoku pattern (see for example):
113
Basic pattern
Sudoku pattern
63
58
59
62
15
10
11
14
18
41
23
48
22
45
19
44
16
13
12
64
57
60
61
16
12
13
42
17
47
24
46
21
43
20
10
15
14
11
15
56
10
49
11
52
14
53
15
10
11
14
34
25
39
32
38
29
35
28
16
13
12
55
16
50
51
12
54
13
16
12
13
26
33
31
40
30
37
27
36
10
15
14
11
Group V [2x splitted up panmagic 4x4 square as basic pattern]

From the 120 magic squares 8 magic squares have 2x a splitted up panmagic 4x4 square as basic
Basic pattern
Sudoku pattern
63
25
34
59
29
38
15
11
13
26
33
64
30
37
60
10
16
14
12
40
31
57
36
27
61
15
11
13
58
39
32
62
35
28
10
16
14
12
55
16
17
42
51
12
21
46
16
10
12
14
18
41
56
15
22
45
52
11
15
13
11
48
23
10
49
44
19
14
53
16
10
12
14
50
47
24
13
54
43
20
15
13
11
or
Basic pattern
63
22
44
60
17
47
15
12
12
33
31
54
15
38
28
49
21
64
43
18
59
48
12
16
34
11
53
32
37
16
50
55
30
36
52
25
39
27
14
41
23
62
46
20
57
29
56
10
35
26
42
61
24
45
51
13
58
Sudoku pattern
12
15
15
11
15
11
12
16
11
14
16
16
11
14
14
14
40
13
19
10
10
13
10
13
13
10
Group VI [4x different 4x4 basic pattern = Sudoku method 2]
114
From the 120 magic squares 10 magic squares have 4x a different 4x4 basic pattern. See for
example:
Basic pattern
Sudoku pattern
63
14
35
18
55
43
26
15
14
11
10
34
19
62
15
42
27
54
14
15
10
11
30
47
51
22
39
10
59
14
15
10
11
50
31
46
11
58
23
38
15
14
11
10
61
16
33
20
53
41
28
13
16
12
36
17
64
13
44
25
56
16
13
12
32
45
49
24
37
12
57
16
13
12
52
29
48
60
21
40
13
16
12
Above is given a complete (but estimated) classification of the most perfect (Franklin pan)magic
8x8 squares. A computer analysis is needed to finish the analysis (to get the exact numbers per
group).
115
[35] Basic key method 1 (perfect Franklin panmagic squares;

multiple of 8)
A perfect Franklin panmagic square (for each multiple of 8) can be produced using the basic key
method of construction. See the basic key method of construction executed to produce a perfect
16x16 Franklin panmagic square below.
1
3
1
5
3
7
5
Ensure that the sum of each column is the size of the magic square plus 1 (so 16 + 1 = 17).
1
2 16 15
3
4 14 13
5
6 12 11
7
16 15
1
2 14 13
3
4 12 11
5
6 10
8 10
9
7
9
8
Copy the two rows to the bottom of the square until the size of the magic square has been
reached.
Column:
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
16
1
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
15
2
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
14
3
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
13
4
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
12
5
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
11
6
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
10
7
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
9
8
Produce a second square by rotating the first square (a quarter turn to the left).
Row:
9
116
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
10
8
7
11
12
6
5
13
14
4
3
15
16
2
1
7
9
10
6
5
11
12
4
3
13
14
2
1
15
16
Take a digit (= column coordinate) from a cell of the column square and take a digit (= row
coordinate) from the same cell of the row square and look up in the table below the digit you
need to fill in.
Column:
Row:
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112
113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128
129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144
10
145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
11
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176
12
177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192
13
193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208
14
209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224
15
225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
16
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256
Result:
129 114 144 127 131 116 142 125 133 118 140 123 135 120 138 121
117
160
113
112
161
192
81
80
193
224
49
48
225
256
17
16
111
130
159
82
79
162
191
50
47
194
223
18
15
226
255
145
128
97
176
177
96
65
208
209
64
33
240
241
32
1
98
143
146
95
66
175
178
63
34
207
210
31
2
239
242
158
115
110
163
190
83
78
195
222
51
46
227
254
19
14
109
132
157
84
77
164
189
52
45
196
221
20
13
228
253
147
126
99
174
179
94
67
206
211
62
35
238
243
30
3
100
141
148
93
68
173
180
61
36
205
212
29
4
237
244
156
117
108
165
188
85
76
197
220
53
44
229
252
21
12
107
134
155
86
75
166
187
54
43
198
219
22
11
230
251
149
124
101
172
181
92
69
204
213
60
37
236
245
28
5
102
139
150
91
70
171
182
59
38
203
214
27
6
235
246
154
119
106
167
186
87
74
199
218
55
42
231
250
23
10
105
136
153
88
73
168
185
56
41
200
217
24
9
232
249
151
122
103
170
183
90
71
202
215
58
39
234
247
26
7
104
137
152
89
72
169
184
57
40
201
216
25
8
233
248
The sum of the digits of each quarter row, each quarter column and each quarter diagonal is a
quarter of the magic sum. Also the sum of the digits from all types of circles and other symmetric
figures is a proportional part of the magic sum. The conditions are that each horizontal, vertical
and diagonal line of the figure must consist of an even number of cells and the whole figure must
consist of a multiple of 4 cells. Find the symmetric figures. Tasks: Who can find the whole magic
alphabet?!?!?!
Using the basic key method of construction try to produce a perfect 24x24 or 32x32 Franklin
panmagic square. Establish that in the 24x24 Franklin panmagic square the sum of the digits of
each 1/6, 1/3 and of the rows, columns and diagonals is 1/6, 1/3 respectively of the magic
sum and in the 32x32 Franklin panmagic square the sum of the digits of each 1/8, and of the
rows, columns and diagonals is 1/8, respectively of the magic sum.
118
[36] Basic key method 2 (most perfect; odd multiple of 4)

Why does the basic key method of construction lead to a perfect 16x16 Franklin panmagic
square?
Why does the basic key method lead to perfect Franklin panmagic squares that are multiples of 8,
for example the 16x16 Franklin panmagic square.
1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16 = 136.
(1st) sum = sum = 34 = 1/4 x 136
1
16
2
15
16
1
15
2
That is the condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of the quarter rows and the quarter
columns is a quarter of the magic sum.
(2nd) sum = sum = 34 = 1/4 x 136
1
16
2
15
16
1
15
2
That is the condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of the quarter diagonals (and the
[parallel] [mirrored] bent diagonals) is a quarter of the magic sum.
(3rd) An odd number of digits must always be between reverse vertical combinations of digits
(reverse vertical combinations may not lie next to each other).
1
16
2
15
16
1
15
2
This is the condition that allows it to be used as a second (column) square, thus rotate the first
(row) square by a quarter turn to the left and all the digits from 1 to 256 can be found in the
square.
How to use the basic key method of construction for the 12x12 square?
For squares that are odd multiples of 4, for example the 12x12 square, it is not possible to comply
with all three above mentioned conditions. You must choose between the following:
[option a]
119
(1st) ) sum = sum = 26 = 1/3 x 78

1 10 11
12
3
2
4
9
8
5
6
7
5
8
7 12
3
2
6
1 10 11
9
4
This is the condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of 1/3 rows and 1/3 columns are 1/3
of the magic sum, but the sum of the digits of 1/2 rows and 1/2 columns are not of the magic
sum. Besides, the sum of the digits of circles and other symmetric figures are a proportional part
of the magic sum.
(2nd) sum = sum = 39 = 1/2 x 78
1 10 11
12
3
2
4
9
8
5
6
7
This is the condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of diagonals (and the [parallel]
[mirrored] bent diagonals) is of the magic sum.
(3rd) This is the condition that allows it to be used as second (column) square, thus rotate the first
(row) square by a quarter turn to the left, and you will find all the digits from 1 to 144 can be
found in the square.
Row pattern
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
Column pattern
120
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2
10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
12x12 square (option a)

97
24
25
144
73
60
61
96
37
132
109
12
46
123
118
3
70
87
82
51
106
15
34
135
107
14
35
134
83
50
71
86
47
122
119
2
40
129
112
9
64
93
76
57
100
21
28
141
104
17
32
137
80
53
68
89
44
125
116
5
42
127
114
7
66
91
78
55
102
19
30
139
101
20
29
140
77
56
65
92
41
128
113
8
43
126
115
6
67
90
79
54
103
18
31
138
108 39 98 45
13 130 23 124
36 111 26 117
133 10 143
4
84 63 74 69
49 94 59 88
72 75 62 81
85 58 95 52
48 99 38 105
121 22 131 16
120 27 110 33
1 142 11 136
[option b]
(1st) sum = sum = 39 = 1/2 x 78
1 11 10
2
12
2
3 11
7
6
8 12
5
1
4
3
9 10
9
4
6
7
5
8
This is the condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of rows and columns are of
the magic sum.Besides, the sum of the digits of circles and other symmetric figures are not a
proportional part of the magic sum.
(2nd) The sum of the twisting rows is not 39, but the sum of the whole twisting rows is 78. That
is the boundary condition which ensures that the sum of the digits of the whole diagonal is the
magic sum, but the sum of the digits of diagonals (and the [parallel] [mirrored] bent diagonals)
is not of the magic sum.
(3rd) Odd number of digits are between reverse vertical combinations rotating the first (row)
square by a quarter turn to the left enables you to use it as a second (column) square and all the
digits from 1 to 144 can be found in the square.
121
Row pattern
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
2
11
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
12
1
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
3
10
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
Colum pattern
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
4
9
12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
8
5
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3 10
3
11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2 11
2
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
1 12
12x12 square (option b)

49
72
97
36
37
144
85
84
13
120
121
12
95
74
47
110
107
2
59
62
131
26
23
134
58 86 55 92 60 88 51 93 54 89
63 83 66 77 61 81 70 76 67 80
106 38 103 44 108 40 99 45 102 41
27 119 30 113 25 117 34 112 31 116
46 98 43 104 48 100 39 105 42 101
135 11 138
5 133
9 142
4 139
8
94 50 91 56 96 52 87 57 90 53
75 71 78 65 73 69 82 64 79 68
22 122 19 128 24 124 15 129 18 125
111 35 114 29 109 33 118 28 115 32
130 14 127 20 132 16 123 21 126 17
3 143
6 137
1 141 10 136
7 140
122
[37] Quadrant method (Willem Barink)

Introduction
See chapter [18] most perfect magic squares, explanation for the 7 up till now known methods
to construct most perfect panmagic squares. One of the methods is the quadrant method of
Willem Barink (see medjig method, chapter [16] 6x6 magic-squares). The quadrant method is
suited to construct most perfect panmagic 8x8 squares, but in adapted form the method can also
be used for the construction of higher order most perfect panmagic squares. See for some
panmagic constructions of order 12 and 16 the website http://wba.novaloka.nl/magicsquares.html . This paper deals only with panmagic 8x8 squares, and confines to squares starting
with the number 1 top left.
N.B.: Most perfect panmagic 8x8 squares necessarily have also the franklin magic properties, the
reverse is not the case.
The quadrant method stands for constructing and combining panmagic 4x4 quadrants in order to
build two matching 8x8 grids, one for the units and one for the octuples. On page panmagic 5x5
square, explanation these grids are called row grid and column grid; to ensure uniformity in
terminology on this website, these terms are maintained in this paper.
Both row and column grids consist of 8 times the digits 0 to 7. To construct a most perfect
panmagic 8x8 square, it is essential to realize that the two 8x8 grids both must have the panmagic
properties of the square, and also that the quadrants of the grids individually must reflect these
properties.
This paper deals only with the construction of squares with the number 1 upper-left. Therefore
the up left quadrants - the 0-quadrants - must have the digit 0 upper-left. According to Willem
Barink only 30 such panmagic quadrants exist, diagonally reflections excluded. Based on these 0quadrants Willem Barink investigated systematically the combinatory possibilities of the
quadrants to form panmagic matching grids, found 37 possibilities of combination, and from
there he calculated the amounts of possible squares (N.B.: in the first instalment of this paper the
amount was 18; the recent larger amount is not due to new found combinations, but due to an
adjusted interpretation and a more precise presentation.).
In this paper you will find successively the table of 0-quadrants, the table of combination
possibilities, and for (nearly) all combinations a more or less detailed illustration. In these
illustrations will be shown how to construct and combine the quadrants to form matching 8x8
grids, included a resulting magic square. Based on the method is calculated how many different
magic squares the combinations can produce.
123
The 30 0-quadrants
Here they are, categorized according to their structural characteristics:
0
7
0
7
6 7
1 0
6 7
1 0
G1
1
6
1
6
0
7
0
7
1 7
6 0
1 7
6 0
G2
6
1
6
1
0
7
0
7
5 7
2 0
5 7
2 0
G3
2
5
2
5
0
7
0
7
2
5
2
5
7
0
7
0
G4
5
2
5
2
0
7
0
7
4
3
4
3
7
0
7
0
G5
3
4
3
4
0
7
0
7
3 7
4 0
3 7
4 0
G6
4
3
4
3
0
1
6
7
6 1
7 0
0 7
1 6
B1
7
6
1
0
0
2
5
7
5 2
7 0
0 7
2 5
B2
7
5
2
0
0
4
3
7
3
7
0
4
4 7
0 3
7 4
3 0
B3
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0
A1
1
6
0
7
0
7
2
5
7 5
0 2
5 7
2 0
A2
2
5
0
7
0
7
4
3
7 3
0 4
3 7
4 0
A3
4
3
0
7
0
7
6
1
6 1
1 6
0 7
7 0
C1
7
0
1
6
0
7
1
6
1 6
6 1
0 7
7 0
C2
7
0
6
1
0
7
5
2
5 2
2 5
0 7
7 0
C3
7
0
2
5
0
7
2
5
2 5
5 2
0 7
7 0
C4
7
0
5
2
0
7
3
4
3 4
4 3
0 7
7 0
C5
7
0
4
3
0
7
4
3
4 3
3 4
0 7
7 0
C6
7
0
3
4
0
3
6
5
6 1
5 2
0 7
3 4
H1
7
4
1
2
0
5
6
3
6
3
0
5
1
4
7
2
H2
7
2
1
4
0
3
5
6
5 2
6 1
0 7
3 4
H3
7
4
2
1
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
H4
7
1
2
4
0
6
3
5
3 4
5 2
0 7
6 1
H5
7
1
4
2
0
5
3
6
3 4
6 1
0 7
5 2
H6
7
2
4
1
0
5
6
3
7 1
2 4
1 7
4 2
K1
6
3
0
5
0
3
6
5
7 1
4 2
1 7
2 4
K2
6
5
0
3
0
3
5
6
7 2
4 1
2 7
1 4
K3
5
6
0
3
0
6
5
3
7 2
1 4
2 7
4 1
K4
5
3
0
6
0
6
3
5
7
1
4
2
3
5
0
6
0
5
3
6
7 4
2 1
4 7
1 2
K6
3
6
0
5
4
2
7
1
K5
The quadrants are divided into six different structures, called G, A, B, C, H and K. Playing with
these structures in order to construct an 8x8 grid, you will find out that the combination
possibilities are limited. Below is shown the scheme of the 14 (different) possibilities to combine
the 0-quadrants and its derivatives (= quadrants not starting with 0 upper-left) to form a grid:
G G
G G
A A
C* C*
A A
A A
A C
A C
B B
B B
B B
C C
C C
C C
B C*
B C*
C C
C C
H H
H H
C A*
B C*
K K
K K
C A
B* C*
H K
H K
With the brown and black C is indicated that the C-structure forms two groups of combinations
of grids: one with C1, C3 or C5 (and derivatives), the other with C2, C4, or C6. When not being
0-quadrants the distinction is tricky, and for the construction of squares not important. However,
124
the distinction is important in order to fix the amount of (different) combinations and from there
the calculation of the amounts of squares.
With * is meant: diagonally reflected (structure of the) quadrant. When not being 0-quadrants, the
distinction between A- and A*-structures, and B- and B*-structures is also tricky, however
important in order to fix the amount of combinations and squares.
When trying to construct a matching second grid, you will find out that the possibilities of
matching the structures are limited. The G-structure behaves very exclusive: G-quadrants not
only combine with G-quadrants to form a grid (see the scheme above), they also match only with
their own (reflected) structure in the other grid. Below is summarized how the structures in the
two grids for each quadrant match upon each other (are orthogonal with each other).
G <> G*
A <> B, H,
B <> A, K*
C <> C*, H*
C <> C*, K
H <> H*, K*, C*, A
K <> K*, H*, C, B*
The combinations
See below the combination possibilities, based on the 30 0-quadrants, and the calculated amount
of squares, number 1 upper-left, the combination can produce.
For the calculation it is crucial to distinguish between:
- reflexive combinations, which means: concerning structure the grids are diagonal
reflections of each other (e.g. combination 1, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, etc..); when swapping the
grids they give only rise to diagonal reflections of already made squares;
- and non-reflexive combinations (e.g. combination 2, 4c, etc..) ; they give rise to new
squares when swapping the grids.
The number in the X-column stands for the amount of squares in the group concerned with a
special magic property, viz. that in each row and column not only the sum of the numbers on
position 1 to 4 and 5 to 8, but also the sum of the numbers on position 3 to 6 gives the magic sum
of 130.
125
Row/column grid
r x c
G G
G G
48x48 = 2304
A
A
A
A
B
B
3a
C
C
C
C
3b
C
C
4a
C
B
4b
G* G*
G* G*
c/r-switch
Total
= 2304
36
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
C* C*
C* C*
12x12 = 144
144
C
C
C* C*
C* C*
12x12 = 144
144
A*
C*
C* B*
A C
12x12 = 144
144
C A
B* C*
C* B
A* C
12x12 = 144
144
4c
A C
C* B*
B
C
C*
A*
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
5a
C
C
A*
A*
C* B*
C* B*
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
5b
C C
B* B*
C* C*
A* A*
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
5c
B
B
C*
C*
A
A
C
C
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
5d
A A
C* C*
B
C
B
C
12x12 = 144 + 144
288
H H
H H
H* H*
H* H*
48x12 = 576
576
K K
K K
K* K*
K* K*
48x12 = 576
576
B
B
126
C1,
C3,
C5
36
144
H H
H H
K* K*
K* K*
48x12 = 576
+ 576
= 1152
9a
H H
H H
H* H*
K* K*
48x12 = 576
+ 576
= 1152
9b
H H
H H
K* K*
H* H*
48x12 = 576 + 576
= 1152
9c
K K
K K
K* K*
H* H*
48x12 = 576
+ 576
= 1152
9d
K K
K K
H* H*
K* K*
48x12 = 576 + 576
= 1152
10a H K
H K
H* H*
K* K*
48x12 = 576
576
10b K H
K H
K* K*
H* H*
48x12 = 576
576
10c H K
H K
K* K*
H* H*
48x12 = 576
11
H H
H H
A
A
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
12
H H
H H
C* C*
C* C*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
13a H H
H H
C* C*
A A
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
13b H H
H H
A A
C* C*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
14
K K
K K
B* B*
B* B*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
15
K K
K K
C
C
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
16a K K
K K
A
A
C
C
C C
B* B*
+ 576
127
= 1152
144
16b K K
K K
B* B*
C C
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
17a H K
H K
C* B*
C* B*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
17b K H
K H
B* C*
B* C*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
18a H K
H K
A
A
C
C
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
18b K H
K H
C
C
A
A
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
19a H K
H K
A C
C* B*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
19b H K
H K
C* B*
A C
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
19c K H
K H
B* C*
C A
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
19d K H
K H
C A*
B* C*
48 x 6 = 288 + 288
576
14112
+ 8928
= 23040
360
The table of combinations shows that there are 4 classes of combinations:

- combination 1, the G-squares, 1 x 2304 squares; 36 with X
- combination 2-5d, the A,B,C-squares, 16 x 144 = 2304 squares; 72 with X
- combination 6-10c, the H,K-squares, 16 x 576 = 9216 squares, 144 with X
- combination 11-19d, the H,K/A,B,C-squares, 16 x 576 = 9216 squares, 144 with X.
Apart from the discriminative behaviour of the G-structure, the exclusiveness of the G-squares is
manifested in the calculated amounts. There are 2304 G-squares, which is the square number of
48. The totals of the other classes of combinations are the square numbers of respectively 48, 96
and 96. The total amount of all squares is 23040, which is not a square number. But the Gsquares excluded, the amount is 20736 squares, which is the square of 144. Moreover, the (one)
G-combination excluded, the amount of combinations is 10 + 10 +16 = 36, a square number.
The amount of 23.040 (most perfect) panmagic 8x8 squares with the number 1 upper-left
implies that there are 16 x 23.040 = 368.640 panmagic 8x8 squares, regardless the position of the
number 1. This amount is consistent with the results of Loly c.s, and Amela, 2007 (see also
128
chapter [34] Analysis Franklin panmagic 8x8 (2)). (In the preceding instalments of this paper
the results were not yet consistent because of some wrong interpretations).
The table of combinations, together with the illustrations, give a good insight in how the amounts
have been calculated, so eventual wrong conclusions will surely not survive for long.
It is obvious that the scope of the quadrantmethod is 100%, i.e. there are no 8x8 panmagic
franklins that fall outside the construction method.
Illustration group 1
Magic squares of group 1 can be constructed by means of combining G-grids (i.e. all quadrants
have a G-structure) with G*-grids (i.e. all quadrants have a G*-structure).
First you construct the row grid. Fill the upper left quadrant with the digits after G1, G2, G3, G4,
G5 or G6. In the example G1 has been chosen.
0
7
0
7
6
1
6
1
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
G1 (row grid), step 1

7 1
0 6
7 1
0 6
Necessarily the same G-quadrant must be repeated in the down

left corner (as is shown with the purple digits).
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
The right half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. In column 5 and 7 it is
only possible to continue with an alteration of 2-5, 5-2, 3-4, or 4-3, that is four options. In the
example 2-5 has been chosen.
0
7
0
6
1
6

7 1 2
5
0 6 5
2
7 1 2
5
129
7
0
7
0
7
1
6
1
6
1
0
7
0
7
0
6
1
6
1
6
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
Now in column 6 and 8 it is only possible to continue with an alteration of 3-4 or 4-3, that is two
options. In the example 4-3 has been chosen.
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1

7 1 2 4 5
0 6 5 3 2
7 1 2 4 5
0 6 5 3 2
7 1 2 4 5
0 6 5 3 2
7 1 2 4 5
0 6 5 3 2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
In total there are 6 (G1 to G6) x 4 (options of step 3) x 2 (options of step 4) = 48 possible row
grids.
By means of diagonally reflecting the 48 row grids you can produce 48 column grids. In the Ggroup it is possible to match all 48 row grids with all 48 column grids. See below one of the 64
possible squares of G1/G1*. Note that in the example the column grid is the reflection of the row
grid.
1x digit from row grid +1 + 8x digit from column grid = most perfect 8x8 magic square
0
7
0
6
1
6
7
0
7
1
6
1
2
5
2
4
3
4
5
2
5
3
4
3
0
6
7
7
1
0
0
6
7
7
1
0
0
6
7
7
1
0
0
6
7
7
1
0
1
56
57
63
10
7
8
49
64
58
15
2
3
54
59
61
12
5
6
51
62
60
13
4
7
0
7
0
7
1
6
1
6
1
0
7
0
7
0
6
1
6
1
6
5
2
5
2
5
3
4
3
4
3
2
5
2
5
2
4
3
4
3
4
1
2
4
5
3
6
5
3
2
4
1
2
4
5
3
6
5
3
2
4
1
2
4
5
3
6
5
3
2
4
1
2
4
5
3
6
5
3
2
4
16
17
40
41
32
50
47
26
23
34
9
24
33
48
25
55
42
31
18
39
14
19
38
43
30
52
45
28
21
36
11
22
35
46
27
53
44
29
20
37
The combination G/G* gives in total 48x48 = 2304 squares. The collection of squares belonging
to the combination G*/G (= swapping row and column grids) gives also 2304 squares. But: are
they new squares?
Something about swapping (c/r-switch)
In the above special example it is easy to see that the swapping gives the diagonal reflected
specimen of the original square. But what about this (arbitrary) second example:
130
G1
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
G3*
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
3
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
4
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
3
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
4
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
3
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
4
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
3
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
4
1
48
57
24
9
40
49
32
63
56
57
58
61
60
Swapping the grids gives the following:

G3*
G1
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
0
5
7
2
1
4
6
7
2
0
5
6
3
1
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
1
62
8
59
2
61
7
60
16
17
40
41
Despite the incompleteness of the final squares it can easily be established that the second square
is different from the first one! So, swapping gives new squares? Let us continue our
investigation and now reflect diagonally this second square, and see what happens:
G3
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
7
0
7
0
7
0
7
0
G1*
2
5
2
5
2
5
2
5
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
6
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
3
4
3
4
3
4
3
4
0
6
7
1
2
4
5
3
7
1
0
6
5
3
2
4
0
6
7
1
2
4
5
3
7
1
0
6
5
3
2
4
0
6
7
1
2
4
5
3
7
1
0
6
5
3
2
4
0
6
7
1
2
4
5
3
7
1
0
6
5
3
2
4
1
56
57
16
17
40
41
32
62
59
61
60
And we establish that the swapping of G1/G3* gives the diagonal reflection of G3/G1*, and that
is a square belonging to the first 2304 squares already made.
So, the conclusion is that combinations of two grids that structurally are reflections of each
other (e.g. combination 1, 3a,3b, 4a, etc) give no new squares when swapping the grids.
Consequently, the amount of squares of combination 1, the G-group, is 2304.
The first square we made contains the extra magic property X. Make sure that this property can
only arise in case of the following 6 sequences of digits in the first row or column: 0-6-7-1-2-4-
131
32
5-3, 0-6-7-1-4-2-3-5, 0-5-7-2-1-4-6-3, 0-5-7-2-4-1-3-6, 0-3-7-4-1-2-6-5 and 0-3-7-4-2-1-5-6.

Consequently the amount of squares in group 1 containing this property is 6 x 6 = 36.
Magic squares of group 2 can be produced by means of combining A-grids with B-grids.
First you construct the row grid. Fill the upper left quadrant after A1, A2 or A3. In the example
A1 has been chosen.
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
A1 (row grid), step 1

6 1
1 6
7 0
0 7
In the 5th row you can only continue with 0-7-6-1 or 1-6-7-0. With both options you can finish
the down left quadrant, continuing the A-structure (N.B.: that is a choice, you are going to
construct an A-grid!). In the example 0-7-6-1 has been chosen, which means repeating the first
quadrant.
0 7 6 1
7 0 1 6
1 6 7 0
6 1 0 7
0 7 6 1
7 0 1 6
1 6 7 0
6 1 0 7
The right half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. In column 5 it is only
possible to continue with 2-5-3-4, or 4-3-5-2. In the example 2-5-3-4 has been chosen. With both
options you can finish the upper right quadrant, and continuing the A-structure. The down right
quadrant follows automatically, and shows necessarily also the A-structure.
0
7
1

7 6 1 2
0 1 6 5
6 7 0 3
132
6
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
6
1
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
0
6
1
7
0
7
1
6
0
7

6 1 2 5 4
1 6 5 2 3
7 0 3 4 5
0 7 4 3 2
6 1 2 5 4
1 6 5 2 3
7 0 3 4 5
0 7 4 3 2
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
Recaputilating, we started with A1 in the upper left corner. There are 2 options to finish the down
left quadrant in A. Then there are two options to finish the top right quadrant in A. Finally there
is only one option to finish the down right quadrant. So, putting A1 in the upper left corner gives
4 different options to produce the AAAA-grid. However, we could have started by putting A2 or
A3 in the upper left corner. Conclusion: there are 3 x 4 = 12 AAAA grids.
Now we construct a matching column grid. Fill the upper left quadrant after B1, B2, or B3. In the
example B2 has been chosen.
0
2
5
7
5
7
0
2
B2 (column grid), step 1

2 7
0 5
7 2
5 0
Consider the 5th column. To maintain the panmagic properties position 1 and 2 must be filled
with the digits 0 and 2, so the sequence becomes 0-2-5-7 or 2-0-7-5. In the example 0-2-5-7 has
been chosen, which means repeating the first quadrant.
0
2
5
7
5
7
0
2

2 7 0 5 2 7
0 5 2 7 0 5
7 2 5 0 7 2
5 0 7 2 5 0
133
The down half of the column grid must be filled with the digits 1, 3, 4, and 6. For the 5th row
there are two options: 4-1-6-3 of 1-4-3-6. In the example 4-1-6-3 has been chosen. With both
options you can finish the down left and right quadrants, and maintaining the B-structure.
0
2
5
7
4
0
2
5
7
4
6
1
3
5
7
0
2
1

2 7 0 5 2 7
0 5 2 7 0 5
7 2 5 0 7 2
5 0 7 2 5 0
6 3 4 1 6 3
5
7
0
2
1
3
4
6

2 7 0 5 2 7
0 5 2 7 0 5
7 2 5 0 7 2
5 0 7 2 5 0
6 3 4 1 6 3
4 1 6 3 4 1
3 6 1 4 3 6
1 4 3 6 1 4
In total there are 3 (B1, B2, B3) x 2 (options of step 3) x 2 (options of step 4) = 12 different
BBBB grids.
Finally the magic square can be composed:
0
7
1
7
0
6
6
1
7
1
6
0
2
5
3
5
2
4
4
3
5
3
4
2
0
2
5
5
7
0
2
0
7
7
5
2
0
2
5
5
7
0
2
0
7
7
5
2
1
24
42
48
57
7
23
2
64
58
47
17
3
22
44
46
59
5
21
4
62
60
45
19
6
0
7
1
1
7
0
6
0
6
1
7
7
1
6
0
4
2
5
3
3
5
2
4
2
4
3
5
5
3
4
2
7
4
6
1
2
1
3
4
5
6
4
3
0
3
1
6
7
4
6
1
2
1
3
4
5
6
4
3
0
3
1
6
63
33
56
10
18
16
25
39
41
55
34
32
8
26
15
49
61
35
54
12
20
14
27
37
43
53
36
30
6
28
13
51
134
31
50
40
29
52
11
The combination A/B gives in total 12x12 = 144 possibilities. Structure A and B are no
reflections of each other; consequently the combination B/A (= swapping row and column grids)
gives another 144 squares, and the total amount of squares of combination 2 is 144 + 144 = 288.
See also quadrant method applied to construct a most perfect 12x12 A/B panmagic square on the
website of Willem Barink: http://wba.novaloka.nl/magic-squares.html
Magic squares of group 3 can be produced by means of combining C-grids with C*-grids
combination 3a), and C-grids with C*-grids (combination 3b).
First you construct the row grid. Fill the upper left quadrant after C1, C3, or C5. In the example
C1 (combination 3a) has been chosen.
0
7
6
1
6
1
0
7
C1 (row grid), step 1

1 7
6 0
7 1
0 6
Consider the 5th column. To maintain the panmagic properties position 2 and 3 must be filled
with the digits 7 and 6, so the sequence becomes 0-7-6-1 or 1-6-7-0. With both options you can
finish the upper-right quadrant, maintaining the C-structure (N.B.: Make sure that when you
would have chosen C2 (combination 3b) upper-left, you would have been forced to fill the downleft quadrant with the digits 0,7,1,6.). In the example the sequence 0-7-6-1 has been chosen.
0
7
6
1

6 1 7 0 6 1
1 6 0 7 1 6
0 7 1 6 0 7
7 0 6 1 7 0
7
0
1
6
135
38
The down half of the grid must be filled in with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. Row 5 can only be filled
with 2-4-3-5, or 4-2-5-3. In the example 2-4-3-5 has been chosen. With both options you can
finish the down-left and down-right quadrants, maintaining the C-structure.
0
7
6
1
2

6 1 7 0 6 1
1 6 0 7 1 6
0 7 1 6 0 7
7 0 6 1 7 0
4 3 5 2 4 3
7
0
1
6
5
0
7
6
1
2
5
4
3

6 1 7 0 6 1
1 6 0 7 1 6
0 7 1 6 0 7
7 0 6 1 7 0
4 3 5 2 4 3
3 4 2 5 3 4
2 5 3 4 2 5
5 2 4 3 5 2
7
0
1
6
5
2
3
4
In total there are 3 (C1, C3, C5) x 2 (options of step 3) x 2 (options of step 4) = 12 different row
grids.
Construction of a matching column grid goes the same way. By experiment you can find out that
you have to start the grid with C1*, C3* or C5*. If you start the grid with C2*, C4* or C6* there
is no solution to complete a matching column grid. Keep in mind that when having started the
row grid with C1, C3 or C5, then you have to start the column grid with C1*, C3*, or C5*.
The same is valid for C2, C4, and C6.
Started the column grid with C1*, C3* or C5*, there are 2 options to continue in the upper right
quadrant, and two options to continue in the down left quadrant, so the amount of matching grids
is 4. So, the above row grid has 3 x 4 = 12 matching column grids.
See below one of the the combinations C1/C1*.
136
0
7
6
1
2
5
4
3
6
1
0
7
4
3
2
5
1
6
7
0
3
4
5
2
7
0
1
6
5
2
3
4
0
7
6
1
2
5
4
3
6
1
0
7
4
3
2
5
1
6
7
0
3
4
5
2
7
0
1
6
5
2
3
4
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
1
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
3
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
1
56
15
58
3
54
13
60
63
10
49
8
61
12
51
6
50
7
64
9
52
5
62
11
16
57
2
55
14
59
4
53
17
40
31
42
19
38
29
44
47
26
33
24
45
28
35
22
34
23
48
25
36
21
46
27
The combination C/C* gives in total 12x12 = 144 possibilities. The combination C*/C (=
swapping row and column grids) gives no new squares. So the total number of squares of group
3a is 144. Analogously group 3b (combination C/C*) gives also 144 squares., which makes in
total 288 squares for group 3.
In the C/C*- combination a quarter ( = 36) of the produced squares contains the extra magic
property X. This can be deduced from above example, combined with the following arguments:
- Half of the rowgrids have rows with a suited sequence of digits, e.g. 0-6-1-7-0-6-1-7 is
suited, 0-6-1-7-1-7-0-6 is not, see above example;
- Likewise half of the columngrids have colums with a suited sequence of digits.
See quadrant method applied to construct a most perfect panmagic 12x12 and 16x16 C/C* square
(with the extra magic property X) on the website of Willem Barink:
http://wba.novaloka.nl/magic-squares.html
Magic squares of group 4 can be constructed by means of combining row grids consisting of A-,
B-, C- and C-quadrants with column grids of the same, reflected structures. There are the
following 3 options to combine the ABC-grids, corresponding with group 4a, 4b and 4c in the
table of combinations:
1.
C A*
B C*
C* B*
A C
2.
C A
B* C*
C* B
A* C
3.
A C
C* B*
.
B C*
C A*
Make sure that options 1 and 2 are reflexive combinations, but that option 2 is not (cannot be!) a
reflection of option 1. Make also sure that option 3 is a non-reflexive combination.
In the below illustration is chosen for option 2 (combination 4b).
First you construct the CA*BC* row grid. Fill the upper left quadrant after C2, C4, or C6. In the
example C2 has been chosen.
0
7
1
6

1 6 7
6 1 0
0 7 6
7 0 1
137
32
41
18
39
30
43
20
37
In the 5th row you can only continue with 0-1-6-7 or 1-0-7-6. In the example 0-1-6-7 has been
chosen. Because of option 2, the down-left corner must be finished after B1*.
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
1
6
0
7
1
7
0
6

6 7
1 0
7 6
0 1
6 7
0 1
7 6
1 0
B
The right half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. In column 5 only the
sequences 2-5-3-4, and 4-3-5-2 are possible. In the example 2-5-3-4 has been chosen. With both
options you can to finish the upper right quadrant with an A-structure (our choice, option 2).
Then the down right quadrant follows automatically (and has obviously the C*-structure).
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7

1 6 7 2 5 4
6 1 0 5 2 3
0 7 6 3 4 5
7 0 1 4 3 2
1 6 7
7 0 1
0 7 6
6 1 0
A
3
4
2
5
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
B
C2 (row grid), step 4 A
1 6 7 2 5 4 3
6 1 0 5 2 3 4
0 7 6 3 4 5 2
7 0 1 4 3 2 5
1 6 7 2 5 4 3
7 0 1 4 3 2 5
0 7 6 3 4 5 2
6 1 0 5 2 3 4
138
C*
In total there are 3 (C2, C4, C6) x 2 (options of step 3) x 2 (options of step 4) = 12 different
CABC* row grids.
Now you construct the column grid. Fill the upper left corner with a C*-structure, that means
C2*, C4* or C6*. In the example below C6* has been chosen.. Then the top right quadrant has
been completed in B (two options). Further the down left quadrant has been completed in A,
again two options.
0
4
3
7
1
6
2
5
7
3
4
0
6
1
5
2
C6*
4
0
7
3
5
2
6
1
A
(column grid) B
3 0 3 4
7 4 7 0
0 3 0 7
4 7 4 3
2 1 2 5
5 6 5 2
1 2 1 6
6 5 6 1
C
7
3
4
0
6
1
5
2
The amount of matching C*BAC column grids is 3 x 2 x 2 = 12.

Next row and column grid can be combined to the final magic square.
1x digit from row grid +1
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
1
6
0
7
1
7
0
6
6
1
7
0
6
0
7
1
7
0
6
1
7
1
6
0
2
5
3
4
2
4
3
5
5
2
4
3
5
3
4
2
4
3
5
2
4
2
5
3
3
4
2
5
3
5
2
4
+ 8x digit from column grid

0
4
3
7
1
6
2
5
7
3
4
0
6
1
5
2
4
0
7
3
5
2
6
1
3
7
0
4
2
5
1
6
0
4
3
7
1
6
2
5
3
7
0
4
2
5
1
6
4
0
7
3
5
2
6
1
7
3
4
0
6
1
5
2

1
40
26
63
9
55
18
48
58
31
33
8
50
16
41
23
39
2
64
25
47
17
56
10
32
57
7
34
24
42
15
49
3
38
28
61
11
53
20
46
30
59
5
36
22
44
13
51
37
4
62
27
45
19
54
12
60
29
35
6
52
14
43
21
The combination CABC*/C*BAC gives in total 12x12 = 144 squares. Being a reflexive
combination, swapping gives no new squares.
The row and column grids of combination 4a are constructed in a similar way as combination 4b,
and the combination gives also 144 squares.
Finally an example of the non-reflexive combination 4c, in which an ACC*B- row grid has been
combined with a BC*CA-column grid.
0
139
1 16 53 60 17 44 37 32
7
3
4
1
5
2
6
0
4
3
6
2
5
1
3
7
0
5
1
6
2
4
0
7
2
6
1
5
7
3
4
1
5
2
6
4
0
7
2
6
1
5
3
7
0
5
1
6
2
0
4
3
6
2
5
1
6
1
7
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
6
0
7
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
1
6
0
7
0
6
1
4
3
5
2
5
3
4
3
4
2
5
2
4
3
2
5
3
4
3
5
2
5
2
4
3
4
2
5
56
12
61
2
62
11
55
57
5
52
15
51
6
58
4
64
9
54
10
63
3
13
49
8
59
7
50
14
40
28
45
18
46
27
39
29
33
24
43
23
34
30
20
48
25
38
26
47
19
41
21
36
31
35
22
42
Again there are 3x2x2 row grids and 3x2x2 column grids. The total number of squares that can
be generated in group 4c is: 12 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) x 2 (swapping row and column
grids) = 288.
In total the combinations of group 4 produce 144 + 144 + 288 = 576 squares.
Magic squares of group 5 can be constructed by means of combining AC or BC row grids with
BC* or AC* column grids and vice versa. See below for the possible combinations.
1.
A A
C* C*
B B
C C
2.
B C*
B C*
A C
A C
3.
C C
B* B*
C* C*
A* A*
4.
C A*
C A*
C* B*
C* B*
Note that none of the options is a reflexive combination. Option 1 is combination 5d in the
combination table, option 2 is 5c, option 3 is 5b and option 4 is 5a.
In the below illustration combination 5c (option 2) has been chosen. First you construct the BC*
row grid. Fill the top left quadrant after B1, B2 or B3. In the example B2 has been chosen.
0
2
5
7
5
7
0
2
B2 (row grid), step 1

2 7
0 5
7 2
5 0
140
The 5th column necessarily needs 0-2-5-7 or 2-0-7-5. With both options the upper right
quadrant can be finished with a C*-structure. (Note that C*- does not work!). In the example 0-25-7 has been chosen.
0
2
5
7
B2
5
7
0
2
(row grid), step 2 C*

2 7 0 7 2 5
0 5 2 5 0 7
7 2 5 2 7 0
5 0 7 0 5 2
The down half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 1, 3, 4, and 6. Row 5 of the down left
quadrant needs necessarily 1-4-3-6, or 4-1-6-3. In the example 1-4-3-6 has been chosen, and the
quadrant is finished following the B-structure. The down right quadrant follows automatically
and has (obviously) also the C*-structure.
0
2
5
7
1
3
4
6
5
7
0
2
4
6
1
3
B2 (row grid), step 3

2 7 0 7 2
0 5 2 5 0
7 2 5 2 7
5 0 7 0 5
3 6
1 4
6 3
4 1
5
7
0
2
0
2
5
7
1
3
4
6
B2
5
7
0
2
4
6
1
3
(row grid), step 4 C*

2 7 0 7 2 5
0 5 2 5 0 7
7 2 5 2 7 0
5 0 7 0 5 2
3 6 1 6 3 4
1 4 3 4 1 6
6 3 4 3 6 1
4 1 6 1 4 3
141
C*
In total there are 3 (B1, B2, B3) x 2 (options of step 2) x 2 (options of step 3) = 12 different
BC*BC* row grids.
Now you construct an ACAC column grid. For example the following one.
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
A1 (column grid) C
6 1 2 3 4
1 6 5 4 3
7 0 3 2 5
0 7 4 5 2
6 1 2 3 4
1 6 5 4 3
7 0 3 2 5
0 7 4 5 2
A
C
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
And the final square. See below

0
2
5
7
1
3
4
6
5
7
0
2
4
6
1
3
2
0
7
5
3
1
6
4
7
5
2
0
6
4
3
1
0
2
5
7
1
3
4
6
7
5
2
0
6
4
3
1
2
0
7
5
3
1
6
4
5
7
0
2
4
6
1
3

0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
0
1
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
2
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
3

1
59
14
56
2
60
13
55
62
8
49
11
61
7
50
12
51
9
64
6
52
10
63
5
16
54
3
57
15
53
4
58
17
43
30
40
18
44
29
39
32
38
19
41
31
37
20
42
35
25
48
22
36
26
47
21
46
24
33
27
45
23
34
28
There are 3x2x2 BC*BC* row grids and 3x2x2 ACAC column grids. The total amount of squares
that can be generated with combination 5c is: 12 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) x 2 (swapping
row and column grids) = 288
The row and column grids of the other combinations of group 5 are produced in a similar way as
group 5c. See the following example, in which a CCBB- row grid has been combined with a
C*C*AA-column grid (combination 5b). Also this combination, being non-reflexive, produces
288 squares.
0 4 3 7 1 5 2 6
7 3 4 0 6 2 5 1

0 7 1 6 1 6 0 7
1 6 0 7 0 7 1 6
142

1 61 12 56 10 54
16 52
5 57
3 63
7 59 14 50
4
3
0
3
4
7
0
7
4
7
0
3
7
0
3
0
7
4
3
4
7
4
3
0
5
2
1
2
5
6
1
6
5
6
1
2
6
1
2
1
6
5
2
5
6
5
2
1
6
7
4
3
2
5
1
0
3
4
5
2
7
6
5
2
3
4
0
1
2
5
4
3
7
6
5
2
3
4
0
1
2
5
4
3
6
7
4
3
2
5
1
0
3
4
5
2
53
9 64
4 62
2 55 11
60
8 49 13 51 15 58
33 29 44 24 42 22 35 31
28 40 17 45 19 47 26 38
21 41 32 36 30 34 23 43
48 20 37 25 39 27 46 18
In total the combinations of group 5 produce 4 x 288 = 1152 squares.
General information group 6 -10

In the foregoing groups the quadrants consisted of 4 times 4 digits. In group 6-10 the quadrants
consist of 2 times 8 digits.
How many 8x8 H-, K-, and combined HK-grids are possible?
Fill the top left quadrant after H1, H2, H3, H4, H5 or H6. In the example H4 has been chosen.
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
H4
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
In the upper-right right quadrant there are 4 options, 2 with a H-structure, and 2 with a Kstructure.
0
6
5
3
H4
5 2
3 4
0 7
6 1
7
1
2
4
0
6
5
3
K4
7 2
1 4
2 7
4 1
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
H
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
K
5 0
3 6
0 5
6 3
7
1
2
4
Independent of the above options, for the down-left quadrant 8 options are possible, all with Hstructure:
H4
0 5 2 7
H
5 0 7 2
H
4 1 6 3
H
1 4 3 6
143
6 3 4 1
5 0 7 2
3 6 1 4
3 6 1 4
0 5 2 7
6 3 4 1
2 7 0 5
1 4 3 6
7 2 5 0
7 2 5 0
4 1 6 3
2 7 0 5
0
3
5
6
5
6
0
3
4
7
1
2
1
2
4
7
5 2
6 1
0 7
3 4
H3
7
4
2
1
0 7
3 4
5 2
6 1
H
2
1
7
4
1
2
4
7
H
6
5
3
0
3
0
6
5
4 3
7 0
1 6
2 5
H
6
5
3
0
The down-right quadrant follows automatically, and has necessarily the structure of the upperright quadrant. Below an example of both a HHHH- and a HKHK-grid is given:
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
H4
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
H
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
H4
K
0 5 2 7 0 7 2 5
6 3 4 1 6 1 4 3
5 0 7 2 5 2 7 0
3 6 1 4 3 4 1 6
4 1 6 3 4 3 6 1
2 7 0 5 2 5 0 7
1 4 3 6 1 6 3 4
7 2 5 0 7 0 5 2
From above reasoning it will be clear that there are 16 H4HHH and 16 H4KHK-grids.
If you start with a K-quadrant in the upper-left, then you get an analogous reasoning. For
example starting with K4 as the upper-left quadrant, there are the following options for the upperright quadrant:
0
6
5
3
K4
7 2
1 4
2 7
4 1
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
H
7 0
1 6
2 5
4 3
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
K
5
3
0
6
0
6
5
3
7
1
2
4
H4
0 5
6 3
5 0
3 6
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
144
Independent of the above options, for the down-left quadrant there are 8 options, all with Kstructure:
0
6
5
3
K4
7 2
1 4
2 7
4 1
0
3
5
6
7
4
2
1
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
6
0
3
5
2 5
1 6
7 0
4 3
K3
1
2
4
7
6
5
3
0
K
3
5
6
0
3
0
6
5
K
4
2
1
7
4
2
1
7
3
5
6
0
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
3
0
6
5
K
6
0
3
5
6
5
3
0
K
1
7
4
2
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
1
2
4
7
5
6
0
3
2
1
7
4
K
7
1
2
4
7
4
2
1
K
0
6
5
3
0
3
5
6
And again there is the possibility to compose 16 K4KKK- and 16 K4HKH-grids.

As there are 6 H- or K-quadrants to start with, there are 6 x 16 = 96 (homogeneous) HHHH grids,
96 (homogeneous) KKKK grids, 96 (mixed) HKHK grids and 96 (mixed) KHKH grids.
The table of combinations shows that the grids can be combined in 5 different ways:
Group 6 : HHHH/H*H*H*H*,
Group 7 : KKKK/K*K*K*K*,
Group 8 : HHHH/K*K*K*K*,
Group 9 : 4 variants of H/M where H stands for homogeneous, and M for mixed grid,
Group10: 3 variants of M/M.
145
In the preceding general information group 6-10 the following rowgrid has been constructed:
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
H4 (row grid)
2 7 2 7
4 1 4 1
7 2 7 2
1 4 1 4
6 3 6 3
0 5 0 5
3 6 3 6
5 0 5 0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
Now we are going to construct a matching columngrid with H-structure.

Fill the top left quadrant after H1*, H2*, H3*, H4*, H5* or H6*. In the example H5* has been
chosen.
0
3
4
7
6
5
2
1
H5*
3
0
7
4
(column grid), step 1

5
6
1
2
The 5th row can only be filled with 4-2-7-1 (the alternative 0-6-3-5 would immediately lead to
double pairings when composing the final magic square, just try!). Maintaining the H*-structure
the quadrant can only be filled as follows:
0
3
4
7
4
7
0
3
6
5
2
1
2
1
6
5
H5*
3
0
7
4
7
4
3
0

5
6
1
2
1
2
5
6
Important: Note that filling the down-left quadrant after the K*-structure would lead
immediately lead to doubling when composing the final magic square (just try!).
146
In the 5th column only 0-3-4-7 and 2-1-6-5 are possible. In the example 2-1-6-5 has been
chosen.With both options you can finish the upper-right quadrant, but only when maintaining the
H*-structure. The down right quadrant follows automatically, and has necessarily also the H*structure
0
3
4
7
4
7
0
3
6
5
2
1
2
1
6
5
H5*
3
0
7
4
7
4
3
0
0
3
4
7
4
7
0
3
6
5
2
1
2
1
6
5
H5*
3
0
7
4
7
4
3
0

5 2 4 1 7
6 1 7 2 4
1 6 0 5 3
2 5 3 6 0
1
2
5
6
5 2 4 1 7
6 1 7 2 4
1 6 0 5 3
2 5 3 6 0
1 6 0 5 3
2 5 3 6 0
5 2 4 1 7
6 1 7 2 4
Starting the upper-left quadrant with the other H*-fillings leads also to matching column grids.
So, in total there are 6 (H1* ..H6*) x 2 (see options of step 3) = 12 different column grids.
Below you see the final magic square composed with the above grids:
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
0
3
4
7
4
7
0
3
6
5
2
1
2
1
6
5
3
0
7
4
7
4
3
0
5
6
1
2
1
2
5
6
2
1
6
5
6
5
2
1
H*
4
7
0
3
0
3
4
7
1
2
5
6
5
6
1
2
7
4
3
0
3
0
7
4
1 54 27 48 19 40 9 62
31 44 5 50 13 58 23 36
38 17 64 11 56 3 46 25
60
37
59
2
32
15
18
16
53
43
34
63
33
28
6
21
12
22
47
49
42
55
41
20
14
29
4
30
39
57
52 7
45 26
51 8
10 61
24 35
H*
Important: Note that when we swap the 6th and the 8th row in the above construction the
type of combination changes from HHHH/H*H*H*H* into HHHH/H*H*K*K*, see below :
147
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
H*
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
0
3
4
7
4
3
0
7
6
5
2
1
2
5
6
1
H*
3
0
7
4
7
0
3
4
5
6
1
2
1
6
5
2
2
1
6
5
6
1
2
5
K*
4
7
0
3
0
7
4
3
1
2
5
6
5
2
1
6
7
4
3
0
3
4
7
0
1
31
38
60
37
32
2
59
54
44
17
15
18
43
53
16
27
5
64
34
63
6
28
33
48
50
11
21
12
49
47
22
19
13
56
42
55
14
20
41
40
58
3
29
4
57
39
30
9
23
46
52
45
24
10
51
62
36
25
7
26
35
61
8
K*
Moreover, when trying to reconstruct the downleft quadrant of the column grid after H*structure you will find out that this is impossible, it now must necessarily be completed in K* .
This is due to the fact that in H- and K-quadrants swapping of rows does not change the structure,
while the same swapping in H*- and K*-quadrants does! A consequence is that only half of the
amount of HHHH row-grids can have a column grid in H*H*H*H*.
Now it is useful to go back for a moment to the general information 6-10 and consider again the
8 options to complete the down left quadrant: All HHHH rowgrids constructed with H4 in the
upper-left quadrant combined with option 1 up to 4 down-left can match with H*H*H*H*
column grids, combined with option 5 to 8 down-left necessarily leads to H*H*K*K* column
grids. This effect is valid in all H,K-squares.
The total amount of different squares that can be produced in group 6 is: 48 (row grids) x 12
(column grids) = 576. As the combination is reflexive, swapping gives no new squares.
The construction of K-squares goes completely analogous with the construction of the H-squares.
For detailed explanation of the construction, see general information group 6-10. See below two
examples of group 7. Note that in both examples the constructed magic square has the extra
magic property X (shown in blue).
0
3
5
6
0
3
5
6
7
4
2
1
7
4
2
1
2
1
7
4
2
1
7
4
5
6
0
3
5
6
0
3
0
3
5
6
0
3
5
6
7
4
2
1
7
4
2
1
2
1
7
4
2
1
7
4
5
6
0
3
5
6
0
3
0
7
2
5
2
5
0
7
3
4
1
6
1
6
3
4
5
2
7
0
7
0
5
2
6
1
4
3
4
3
6
1
1
6
3
4
3
4
1
6
2
5
0
7
0
7
2
5
4
3
6
1
6
1
4
3
7
0
5
2
5
2
7
0
1 32 43 54 9 24 35 62
60 37 18 15 52 45 26 7
22 11 64 33 30 3 56 41
47
17
44
6
63
50 5 28 39 58
16 59 38 25 8
53 2 31 36 61
27 48 49 14 19
34 21 12 55 42
13
51
10
40
29
20
46
23
57
4
148
0
3
5
6
1
2
4
7
7
4
2
1
6
5
3
0
2
1
7
4
3
0
6
5
5
6
0
3
4
7
1
2
0
3
5
6
1
2
4
7
7
4
2
1
6
5
3
0
2
1
7
4
3
0
6
5
5
6
0
3
4
7
1
2
0
7
2
5
0
7
2
5
3
4
1
6
3
4
1
6
5
2
7
0
5
2
7
0
6
1
4
3
6
1
4
3
1
6
3
4
1
6
3
4
2
5
0
7
2
5
0
7
4
3
6
1
4
3
6
1
7
0
5
2
7
0
5
2
1
60
22
47
2
59
21
48
32
37
11
50
31
38
12
49
43
18
64
5
44
17
63
6
54
15
33
28
53
16
34
27
9
52
30
39
10
51
29
40
24
45
3
58
23
46
4
57
35
26
56
13
36
25
55
14
62
7
41
20
61
8
42
19
The total number of squares of group 7 is: 48 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) = 576; a quarter of
them = 144 ( half of the row grids x half of the column grids) shows the magic property X.
Magic squares of group 8 can be constructed by means of combining row grids consisting of Hquadrants with column grids consisting of diagonally reflected K-quadrants, and vice versa.
For detailed explanation of the construction of the grids, see general information group 6-10.
Below two examples are shown.
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
7
2
5
2
5
0
7
6
1
4
3
4
3
6
1
5
2
7
0
7
0
5
2
3
4
1
6
1
6
3
4
1
6
3
4
3
4
1
6
7
0
5
2
5
2
7
0
4
3
6
1
6
1
4
3
2
5
0
7
0
7
2
5
1
63
22
44
17
47
6
60
54
12
33
31
38
28
49
15
43
21
64
2
59
5
48
18
32
34
11
53
16
50
27
37
9
55
30
36
25
39
14
52
62
4
41
23
46
20
57
7
35
29
56
10
51
13
40
26
24
42
3
61
8
58
19
45
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
7
2
5
2
5
0
7
6
1
4
3
4
3
6
1
5
2
7
0
7
0
5
2
3
4
1
6
1
6
3
4
5
2
7
0
7
0
5
2
3
4
1
6
1
6
3
4
0
7
2
5
2
5
0
7
6
1
4
3
4
3
6
1
1 54 43 32 41 30 3 56
63 12 21 34 23 36 61 10
22 33 64 11 62 9 24 35
44
17
47
6
60
31 2 53 4 55
38 59 16 57 14
28 5 50 7 52
49 48 27 46 25
15 18 37 20 39
42
19
45
8
58
29
40
26
51
13
The total number of squares of group 8 is: 48 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) x 2 (swapping row
and column grids) = 1152.
149
In magic squares of group 9 one of the grids is of the mixed HK type. An illustrative example has
already been given when treating group 6. The table of combinations shows 4 different, nonreflexive combinations, all of them generate 1152 squares.
Below you find some new examples. First a KKKK/K*K*H*H* example. Developed from
swapping the 6th and 8th row of the first KKKK/K*K*K*K* example of group 7. The swapping
makes the extra magic disappear.
0
3
5
6
0
6
5
3
7
4
2
1
7
1
2
4
2
1
7
4
2
4
7
1
5
6
0
3
5
3
0
6
0
3
5
6
0
6
5
3
7
4
2
1
7
1
2
4
2
1
7
4
2
4
7
1
5
6
0
3
5
3
0
6
0
7
2
5
2
7
0
5
3
4
1
6
1
4
3
6
5
2
7
0
7
2
5
0
6
1
4
3
4
1
6
3
1
6
3
4
3
6
1
4
2
5
0
7
0
5
2
7
4
3
6
1
6
3
4
1
7
0
5
2
5
0
7
2
1
60
22
47
17
63
6
32
37
11
50
16
34
27
44 53
43
18
64
5
59
21
48
54
15
33
28
38
12
49
9
52
30
39
25
55
14
24
45
3
58
8
42
19
35
26
56
13
51
29
40
62
7
41
20
46
4
57
2 31 36 61 10 23
And a transformation of the HHHH/K*K*K*K* example of group 8 into a HHHH/K*K*H*H*

combination:
0
6
5
3
0
3
5
6
5
3
0
6
5
6
0
3
2
4
7
1
2
1
7
4
7
1
2
4
7
4
2
1
0
6
5
3
0
3
5
6
5
3
0
6
5
6
0
3
2
4
7
1
2
1
7
4
7
1
2
4
7
4
2
1
0
7
2
5
2
7
0
5
6
1
4
3
4
1
6
3
5
2
7
0
7
2
5
0
3
4
1
6
1
4
3
6
1
6
3
4
3
6
1
4
7
0
5
2
5
0
7
2
4
3
6
1
6
3
4
1
2
5
0
7
0
5
2
7
All examples stand for an amount of 48 x 12 x 2 = 1152 squares.
150
1
63
22
44
17
60
6
47
54
12
33
31
38
15
49
28
43
21
64
2
59
18
48
5
32
34
11
53
16
37
27
50
9
55
30
36
25
52
14
39
62
4
41
23
46
7
57
20
35
29
56
10
51
26
40
13
24
42
3
61
8
45
19
58
Both grids consist of H- and K-quadrants. There are 3 different combinations, two of them
reflexive, the third non-reflexive.
For detailed explanation of the construction of HK- and KH-grids, see the general information
group 6-10. See below two examples, one for combination 10a (reflexive) and one for
combination 10c (non reflexive).
1x digit HK row grid +1
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
+ 8x digit H*K* column grid = most perfect 8x8 magic square

5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
0
5
2
7
2
5
0
7
6
3
4
1
4
3
6
1
5
0
7
2
7
0
5
2
3
6
1
4
1
6
3
4
1
4
3
6
3
4
1
6
2
7
0
5
0
7
2
5
4
1
6
3
6
1
4
3
7
2
5
0
5
2
7
0
1
47
22
60
21
48
2
59
54
28
33
15
34
27
53
16
43
5
64
18
63
6
44
17
32
50
11
37
12
49
31
38
9
39
30
52
29
40
10
51
24
58
3
45
4
57
23
46
35
13
56
26
55
14
36
25
62
20
41
7
42
19
61
8
The total number of squares of combination 10a is: 48 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) = 576.
Combination 10b behaves completely analogous, and generates also 576 squares.
And finally an example of combination 10c:
1x digit HK row grid +1
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
+ 8x digit K*H* column grid = most perfect 8x8 magic square

5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
0
7
2
5
0
5
2
7
6
1
4
3
6
3
4
1
5
2
7
0
5
0
7
2
3
4
1
6
3
6
1
4
1
6
3
4
1
4
3
6
2
5
0
7
2
7
0
5
4
3
6
1
4
1
6
3
7
0
5
2
7
2
5
0
1
63
22
44
5
48
18
59
54
12
33
31
50
27
37
16
43
21
64
2
47
6
60
17
32
34
11
53
28
49
15
38
9
55
30
36
13
40
26
51
24
42
3
61
20
57
7
46
35
29
56
10
39
14
52
25
The total number of squares of combination 10c is: 48 (row grids) x 12 (column grids) x 2
(swapping row and column grids) = 1152.
151
62
4
41
23
58
19
45
8
General information group 11 - 19

Magic squares of group 10-18 are constructed by means of combining a grid consisting of Hand/or K-quadrants (each quadrant contains 2 times 8 digits), and a grid consisting of A-,B- and
C-quadrants (each quadrant contains 4 times 4 digits).
Half of the amount of homogeneous H-grids (HHHH-grids) can be matched with homogeneous
A- and with homogeneous C-grids, the other half can be matched with mixed AC-grids.
Analogously half of the homogeneous K-grids can be matched with homogeneous B- and with
homogeneous C-grids, the other half can be matched with mixed BC-grids.
Analogously half of the mixed HK- or KH-grids can be matched with mixed AC- and BC-grids,
the other half can be matched with mixed ACC*B- or CABC*-grids.
Magic squares of group 10 are constructed by means of combining H-grids with A-grids.
In the example below a row grid with H4 in all four quadrants has been chosen.
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
H4 (row grid)
2 7 0 5
4 1 6 3
7 2 5 0
1 4 3 6
2 7 0 5
4 1 6 3
7 2 5 0
1 4 3 6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
Now the construction of the matching column grid. Fill the top left quadrant after A1, A2, or A3.
In the example A1 has been chosen. (Verify that A1*, A2* and A3* do not not work!).
0
7
1
6
A1 (column grid), step 1

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
152
In the 5th row only 1-6-7-0 is possible. And now you will find out that the third quadrant can
only be completed with an A-structure.
0
7
1
6
1
6
0
7
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0

6 1
1 6
7 0
0 7
7 0
0 7
6 1
1 6
The right half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. In column 5 it is only
possible to fill in 2-5-3-4, or 4-3-5-2 . In the example 4-3-5-2 has been chosen. With both options
you can only finish the upper right quadrant successfully when maintaining the A-structure. The
down right quadrant follows automatically, and has necessarily also the A-structure.
0
7
1
6
1
6
0
7
0
7
1
6
1
6
0
7
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0

6 1 4 3 2 5
1 6 3 4 5 2
7 0 5 2 3 4
0 7 2 5 4 3
7 0
0 7
6 1
1 6
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0

6 1 4 3 2 5
1 6 3 4 5 2
7 0 5 2 3 4
0 7 2 5 4 3
7 0 5 2 3 4
0 7 2 5 4 3
6 1 4 3 2 5
1 6 3 4 5 2
In total there are 3 (A1, A2, A3) x 2 (options of step 3) = 6 different column grids.
153
Finally you can combine row and column grid to produce the magic square. The square below
contains the X magic property (shown in blue).
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
7
1
6
1
6
0
7
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
0
7
0
6
1
1
6
0
7
0
7
1
6
4
3
5
2
5
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
3
4
2
5
5
2
4
3
4
3
5
2
1
63
14
52
9
55
6
60
62
4
49
15
54
12
57
7
51
13
64
2
59
5
56
10
16
50
3
61
8
58
11
53
33
31
46
20
41
23
38
28
30
36
17
47
22
44
25
39
19
45
32
34
27
37
24
42
48
18
35
29
40
26
43
21
The total amount of squares of group 10 is: 48 (row grids H) x 6 (column grids) x 2 (swapping
row and column grids) = 576; 24 x 6 = 144 of these squares have the extra magic property X.
Magic squares of group 12 are constructed by means of combining H-grids with C*-grids .
In the example below the same row grid as above (H4 repeated in all four quadrants) has been
chosen.
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
H4 (row grid)
2 7 0 5
4 1 6 3
7 2 5 0
1 4 3 6
2 7 0 5
4 1 6 3
7 2 5 0
1 4 3 6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
Now you put C1*, C3* or C5* in the upper left corner (verify that C2*, C4* and C6* will not
work in giving a matching column grid). In the example C1* has been chosen.
0
6
1
7
C1* (column grid), step 1

7 6 1
1 0 7
6 7 0
0 1 6
154
In the 5th row you have only the matching option 1-6-7-0. And you only can finish the third
quadrant successfully when maintaining the C*-structure.
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
C1*
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0

1
7
0
6
0
6
1
7
The right half of the row grid must be filled in with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. Column 5 needs 2-43-5 or 4-2-5-3. In the example 2-4-3-5 has been chosen. With both options you can successfully
finish the upper right quadrant only when continuing the C*-structure. The down right quadrant
follows automatically, and has necessarily the C*-structure.
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
C1*
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0

1 2 5 4 3
7 4 3 2 5
0 3 4 5 2
6 5 2 3 4
0
6
1
7
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
C1*
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0

1 2 5 4 3
7 4 3 2 5
0 3 4 5 2
6 5 2 3 4
0 3 4 5 2
6 5 2 3 4
1 2 5 4 3
7 4 3 2 5
In total there are 3 (C1*, C3* or C5*) x 2 (options of step 3) = 6 different column grids.
155
Finally you can combine row and column grid to produce the magic square.
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
6
5
3
0
6
5
3
5
3
0
6
5
3
0
6
2
4
7
1
2
4
7
1
7
1
2
4
7
1
2
4
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0
1
7
0
6
0
6
1
7
2
4
3
5
3
5
2
4
5
3
4
2
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
5
3
4
2
3
5
2
4
2
4
3
5
1
55
14
60
9
63
6
52
62
12
49
7
54
4
57
15
51
5
64
10
59
13
56
2
16
58
3
53
8
50
11
61
17
39
30
44
25
47
22
36
46
28
33
23
38
20
41
31
35
21
48
26
43
29
40
18
32
42
19
37
24
34
27
45
The total number of squares of group 12 is: 48 (row grids H) x 6 (column grids) x 2 (swapping
row and column grids) = 576; none of these squares can have the extra magic property X.
Magic squares of group 13 are constructed by means of combining 8x8 H-grids with 8x8 AC- or
CA-grids.
Arbitrary we have constructed the following row grid:
0
6
5
3
1
2
4
7
5
3
0
6
4
7
1
2
H4 (row grid)
2 7 2 7
4 1 4 1
7 2 7 2
1 4 1 4
3 6 3 6
0 5 0 5
6 3 6 3
5 0 5 0
0
6
5
3
1
2
4
7
5
3
0
6
4
7
1
2
Now we must find a matching AC column grid. We start filling the top left quadrant after A1.
0
7
1
6

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
156
The 5th row needs necessarily 1-6-7-0. And you will find out that you can only finish the third
quadrant successfully when following the C* structure (if you follow the A-structure you get
double pairings when composing the final magic square):
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
6

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
6 7 0
0 1 6
7 6 1
1 0 7
Column 5 needs 2-5-3-4 or 4-3-5-2. In the example 2-5-3-4 has been chosen. With both options
you can finish the upper right quadrant only successfully when following the A-structure. The
down right quadrant follows automatically, and has necessarily the C*-structure.
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
6

7 6 1 2 5 4 3
0 1 6 5 2 3 4
6 7 0 3 4 5 2
1 0 7 4 3 2 5
6 7 0
0 1 6
7 6 1
1 0 7
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
6

7 6 1 2 5 4 3
0 1 6 5 2 3 4
6 7 0 3 4 5 2
1 0 7 4 3 2 5
6 7 0 3 4 5 2
0 1 6 5 2 3 4
7 6 1 2 5 4 3
1 0 7 4 3 2 5
Finally you can combine row and column grid to produce the magic square (group 13b)
157
0
6
5
3
1
2
4
7
5
3
0
6
4
7
1
2
2
4
7
1
3
0
6
5
7
1
2
4
6
5
3
0
2
4
7
1
3
0
6
5
7
1
2
4
6
5
3
0
0
6
5
3
1
2
4
7
5
3
0
6
4
7
1
2
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
6
7
0
6
1
6
0
7
1
6
1
7
0
7
1
6
0
1
6
0
7
0
6
1
7
2
5
3
4
3
5
2
4
5
2
4
3
4
2
5
3
4
3
5
2
5
3
4
2
3
4
2
5
2
4
3
5
1
63
14
52
10
59
5
56
62
4
49
15
53
8
58
11
51
13
64
2
60
9
55
6
16
50
3
61
7
54
12
57
19
45
32
34
28
41
23
38
48
18
35
29
39
22
44
25
33
31
46
20
42
27
37
24
30
36
17
47
21
40
26
43
In total there are 3 (A1, A2 or A3) x 2 (options of step 3) = 6 different column grids.
And, we could have started the column grid with placing a C*-quadrant in the upperleft, see new
example below, group 13a:
1
7
6
4
2
3
5
8
H4
6 3
4 5
1 8
7 2
5 4
8 1
2 7
3 6
H
8
2
3
5
7
6
4
1
3
5
8
2
4
1
7
6
H
8 1
2 7
3 6
5 4
7 2
6 3
4 5
1 8
H
6
4
1
7
5
8
2
3
0
6
1
7
0
7
1
6
C1*
7 6 1
1 0 7
6 7 0
0 1 6
7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
A1
2
4
3
5
2
5
3
4
C*
5 4
3 2
4 5
2 3
5 4
2 3
4 5
3 2
A
3
5
2
4
3
4
2
5
1
55
14
60
2
59
13
56
62
12
49
7
61
8
50
11
51
5
64
10
52
9
63
6
16
58
3
53
15
54
4
57
19
37
32
42
20
41
31
38
48
26
35
21
47
22
36
25
33
23
46
28
34
27
45
24
30
44
17
39
29
40
18
43
This possibility gives another 6 column grids. Note that starting with C2*, C4*, and C6* top left
does not lead to matching grids.
So, the total number of squares of group 13a +13b is: 48 (row grids H) x 12 (column grids AC or
CA) x 2 (swapping row and column grids) = 1152.
Magic squares of group 14 can be constructed by combining K-grids with B-grids.
The construction of row and column grids is similar to group 11.
See the following example:
158
0
3
6
5
4
7
2
1
7
4
1
2
3
0
5
6
1
2
7
4
5
6
3
0
6
5
0
3
2
1
4
7
0
3
6
5
4
7
2
1
7
4
1
2
3
0
5
6
1
2
7
4
5
6
3
0
6
5
0
3
2
1
4
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
0
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
3
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
1
52
15
62
5
56
11
58
16
61
2
51
12
57
6
55
50
3
64
13
54
7
60
9
63
14
49
4
59
10
53
8
17
36
31
46
21
40
27
42
32
45
18
35
28
41
22
39
34
19
48
29
38
23
44
25
47
30
33
20
43
26
37
24
The total amount of squares of group 14 is 576.

Magic squares of group 15 are constructed by combining K-grids with C-grids.
See the following example (note that the row grid is the same as in the example of group 14):
0
3
6
5
4
7
2
1
7
4
1
2
3
0
5
6
1
2
7
4
5
6
3
0
6
5
0
3
2
1
4
7
0
3
6
5
4
7
2
1
7
4
1
2
3
0
5
6
1
2
7
4
5
6
3
0
6
5
0
3
2
1
4
7
0
7
4
3
4
3
0
7
4
3
0
7
0
7
4
3
3
4
7
0
7
0
3
4
7
0
3
4
3
4
7
0
1
6
5
2
5
2
1
6
5
2
1
6
1
6
5
2
2
5
6
1
6
1
2
5
6
1
2
5
2
5
6
1
1
60
39
30
37
32
3
58
40
29
2
59
4
57
38
31
26
35
64
5
62
7
28
33
63
6
25
36
27
34
61
8
9
52
47
22
45
24
11
50
48
21
10
51
12
49
46
23
18
43
56
13
54
15
20
41
The total amount of squares of group 15 is 576.

Magic squares of group 16 are constructed by combining K-grids with BC- and CB-grids.
See the following example, group 16a:
159
55
14
17
44
19
42
53
16
0
3
6
5
6
3
0
5
7
4
1
2
1
4
7
2
1
2
7
4
7
2
1
4
6
5
0
3
0
5
6
3
0
3
6
5
6
3
0
5
7
4
1
2
1
4
7
2
1
2
7
4
7
2
1
4
6
5
0
3
0
5
6
3
0
7
4
3
0
3
4
7
4
3
0
7
4
7
0
3
3
4
7
0
3
0
7
4
7
0
3
4
7
4
3
0
2
5
6
1
2
1
6
5
6
1
2
5
6
5
2
1
1
6
5
2
1
2
5
6
5
2
1
6
5
6
1
2
1
60
39
30
7
28
33
62
40
29
2
59
34
61
8
27
26
35
64
5
32
3
58
37
63
6
25
36
57
38
31
4
17
44
55
14
23
12
49
46
56
13
18
43
50
45
24
11
10
51
48
21
16
19
42
53
47
22
9
52
41
54
15
20
The total amount of squares of group 16a + 16b is 576 + 576 =1152.
Magic squares of group 17 are constructed by combining HK- or KH-grids with CB- or BCgrids.
Again is emphasized that only half of the 96 HK row grids can be successfully combined with
C*B column grid. Below you see an arbitrary chosen HKHK-row grid.
H4 (row grid) K4
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
Now a matching CB column grid must be found. Start with putting C1*, C3* or C5* in the
upper left quadrant. It is useful to verify that C2*, C4* and C6* will immediately bring you in
trouble when trying to develop the upper right quadrant! In the example C1* has been chosen.
0
6
1
7

7 6 1
1 0 7
6 7 0
0 1 6
160
In the 5th row you can only continue with 1-6-7-0. With this the down left quadrant can only be
finished successfully maintaining the C*-structure. (Verify that the A-structure does not work!):
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6

7 6 1
1 0 7
6 7 0
0 1 6
6 7 0
0 1 6
7 6 1
1 0 7
In column 5 only 2-4-3-5 or 4-2-5-3 are possible. With both options you can finish the upper
right quadrant succesfully, but only when following the B-structure. In the example 4-2-5-3 has
been chosen. The down right quadrant follows automatically, and has necessarily also the Bstructure.
C1*
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0
(column), step 3
1 4 5 2
7 2 3 4
0 5 4 3
6 3 2 5
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
3
5
2
4
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6

7 6 1 4 5 2 3
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
7 6 1 4 5 2 3
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
In total there are 3 (C1*, C3*, C5*) x 2 (options of step 3) = 6 different column grids.
161
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
0
6
1
7
1
7
0
6
7
1
6
0
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
7
1
6
0
1
7
0
6
0
6
1
7
4
2
5
3
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
4
2
5
3
2
4
3
5
3
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
2
4
3
5
1
55
14
60
13
59
2
56
62
12
49
7
50
8
61
11
51
5
64
10
63
9
52
6
16
58
3
53
4
54
15
57
33
23
46
28
45
27
34
24
48
26
35
21
36
22
47
25
19
37
32
42
31
41
20
38
30
44
17
39
18
40
29
43
The total amount of squares of above combination is: 48 (row grids HKHK) x 6 (column grids
C*BC*B) x 2 (swapping row and column grids) = 576. And, of course, the same amount may be
generated with the combination KHKH/BC*BC*. So, the total amount of squares of group
17a+b is 1152.
Magic squares of group 18 are constructed by combining HK- and KH-grids with AC- and CAgrids.
See below the same row grid as was chosen for group 17.
H4 (row grid ) K4
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
Now we are going to find a matching AC column grid. Put the 0-quadrant A1, A2 or A3 in the
upper left corner. In the example A1 has been chosen.
0
7
1
6

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
162
In the 5th row only 0-7-6-1 is possible. With this the down left quadrant can only be finished
successfully maintaining the A-structure. (Verify that a C*-structure does not work!):
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
In column 5 only 2-5-3-4 or 4-3-5-2 are possible. With both options you can finish the upper
right quadrant, but only when following the C-structure. Then the down right quadrant follows
automatically, and has necessarily also the C-structure.
In the example 4-3-5-2 has been chosen.
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6

7 6 1 4 5 2 3
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6

7 6 1 4 5 2 3
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
7 6 1 4 5 2 3
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
163
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
0
6
5
3
4
2
1
7
7
1
2
4
3
5
6
0
2
4
7
1
6
0
3
5
5
3
0
6
1
7
4
2
0
7
1
6
0
7
1
6
7
0
6
1
7
0
6
1
6
1
7
0
6
1
7
0
1
6
0
7
1
6
0
7
4
3
5
2
4
3
5
2
5
2
4
3
5
2
4
3
2
5
3
4
2
5
3
4
3
4
2
5
3
4
2
5
1
63
14
52
5
59
10
56
62
4
49
15
58
8
53
11
51
13
64
2
55
9
60
6
16
50
3
61
12
54
7
57
33
31
46
20
37
27
42
24
48
18
35
29
44
22
39
25
19
45
32
34
23
41
28
38
30
36
17
47
26
40
21
43
The total amount of squares of above combination HKHK/ACAC is: 48 (row grids HK) x 6
(column grids) x 2 (swapping row and column grids) = 576. The combination KHKH/CACA
gives the same amount, so the total amount of group 18 is 1152.
Magic squares of group 19 are constructed by combining HK- or KH-grids with grids consisting
of A-, B-, C- and C*-quadrants.
See below the following row grid (the grid is almost the same as in previous examples, only row
6 and 8 have been swapped).
H4 (row grid) K4
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
Again we are going to find a matching column grid starting with an A-structure in the upper left.
In the example A1 has been chosen.
0
7
1
6

7 6 1
0 1 6
6 7 0
1 0 7
164
In the 5th row only 0-7-6-1 is possible. And now we find out that the down left quadrant can
only be finished successfully when following a C*-structure ( the A-structure does not work,
verify!):
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
7
0
6
1
7
1
6
0

6 1
1 6
7 0
0 7
6 1
0 7
7 0
1 6
C1*
The right half of the row grid must be filled with the digits 2, 3, 4, and 5. In column 5 only 2-53-4 and 4-3-5-2 are possible. With both options you can finish the upper right quadrant
successfully, but only when following the C-structure. Then the down right quadrant follows
automatically, and has necessarily the B-structure. In the example 4-3-5-2 has been chosen.
6 1 4 5 2 3
1 6 3 2 5 4
7 0 5 4 3 2
0 7 2 3 4 5
6 1
0 7
7 0
1 6
C1*
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
7
0
6
1
7
1
6
0
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7

7 6 1 4 5 2 3
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
7 6 1 4 5 2 3
1 0 7 2 3 4 5
6 7 0 5 4 3 2
0 1 6 3 2 5 4
C1*
165
Finally you can combine row and column grid to produce the magic square :
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
2
4
7
1
6
5
3
0
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
0
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
7
0
6
1
7
1
6
0
6
1
7
0
6
0
7
1
1
6
0
7
1
7
0
6
4
3
5
2
4
2
5
3
5
2
4
3
5
3
4
2
2
5
3
4
2
4
3
5
3
4
2
5
3
5
2
4
1
63
14
52
5
56
10
59
62
4
49
15
58
11
53
8
51
13
64
2
55
6
60
9
16
50
3
61
12
57
7
54
33
31
46
20
37
24
42
27
48
18
35
29
44
25
39
22
19
45
32
34
23
38
28
41
30
36
17
47
26
43
21
40
Above combination HKHK/ACC*B (combination 19a) generates 48 x 6 x 2 = 576 squares.

In the above example we started the column grid with an A-structure. It is evident that we can
also start the column grid with a C*-structure. Then you get for example:
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
H4
5 2
3 4
0 7
6 1
1 6
2 5
4 3
7 0
H
7
1
2
4
3
0
6
5
0
6
5
3
4
7
1
2
K4
7 2
1 4
2 7
4 1
3 6
0 5
6 3
5 0
K
5
3
0
6
1
2
4
7
0
5
2
7
2
5
0
7
C3*
7 5 2
2 0 7
5 7 0
0 2 5
5 7 0
2 0 7
7 5 2
0 2 5
A
4
1
6
3
6
1
4
3
B
6 1
3 4
4 3
1 6
4 3
3 4
6 1
1 6
C
3
6
1
4
1
6
3
4
1
47
22
60
21
48
2
59
62
20
41
7
42
19
61
8
43
5
64
18
63
6
44
17
24
58
3
45
4
57
23
46
33
15
54
28
53
16
34
27
56
26
35
13
36
25
55
14
11
37
32
50
31
38
12
49
30
52
9
39
10
51
29
40
Also this combination HKHK/C*BAC (combination 19b) gives 576 squares. This makes
together 1152 squares.
And, finally, we can repeat the whole reasoning above with a KHKH row grid (combinations 19c
and 19d). And again this will give 1152 new squares.
So, the total amount of squares of group 19a+b+c+d is 2304.
166
[38] 9x9 [ultra] panmagic square

I dont know how many pure (pan)magic 9x9 squares exist.
A 9x9 panmagic square is an odd square, but is also a multiple of 3 (can be devided by 3). Can a
9x9 panmagic square be produced by using the same method of construction to produce a 5x5
panmagic square (which can be used to produce all posible panmagic 5x5 and panmagic 7x7
squares)? The answer is yes and no. If you choose as first row the digits 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8 you
get as result only a semi-magic 9x9 square. If you chosse as first row the digits 0-2-1-5-4-3-7-6-8
you get as result a correct panmagic 9x9 square.
Notify first that the row 0-2-1-5-4-3-7-6-8 leads to a correct result, because 0+5+7, 2+4+6 and
1+3+8 is 12, that is 1/3 of (0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8=) 36.
Notify second that if you choose as first row the digits 0-2-1-5-4-3-7-6-8 you can, instead of the
2nd square that is produced by shifting the first row two places to the right, take as 2nd square the
1st square rotated by a quarter to the right.
There is a method to produce a panmagic square with an extra magic feature.
Fill in the first row of the 1st square: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Produce the second and third row
of the 1st square by moving the digits each time 3 places to the left.
1st square, first three rows
0
0
3
1
4
2
5
0
3
6
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
0
4
7
1
5
8
2
6
0
3
7
1
4
8
2
5
0
3
6
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
4
7
5
8
The first three rows of the 1st square consist of three 3x3 sub-squares. Produce the second three
rows of the 1st square by switching the sequence of the three columns of the three 3x3 subsquares to 2-3-1. Produce the second three rows of the 1st square by switching the sequence of the
three columns of the three 3x3 sub-squares to 3-1-2.
1st square
0
3
6
1
4
7
2
5
8
1
4
7
2
5
8
0
3
6
2
5
8
0
3
6
1
4
7
3
6
0
4
7
1
5
8
2
4
7
1
5
8
2
3
6
0
5
8
2
3
6
0
4
7
1
6
0
3
7
1
4
8
2
5
7
1
4
8
2
5
6
0
3
8
2
5
6
0
3
7
1
4
167
Produce the 2nd square by rotating the 1st square (a quarter turn to the right). Take a digit from the
1st square multiplied by 9 and add (1x) the digit from the same cell of the 2nd square.
9x digit
0
3
6
1
4
7
2
5
8
1
4
7
2
5
8
0
3
6
2
5
8
0
3
6
1
4
7
+ 1x digit
3
6
0
4
7
1
5
8
2
4
7
1
5
8
2
3
6
0
5
8
2
3
6
0
4
7
1
6
0
3
7
1
4
8
2
5
7
1
4
8
2
5
6
0
3
8
2
5
6
0
3
7
1
4
8
6
7
2
0
1
5
3
4
5
3
4
8
6
7
2
0
1
2
0
1
5
3
4
8
6
7
= panmagic 9x9 square

7
8
6
1
2
0
4
5
3
4
5
3
7
8
6
1
2
0
1
2
0
4
5
3
7
8
6
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
33
61
11
36
64
23
48
76
14
39
67
26
51
79
2
27
55
20
45
73
5
30
58
17
42
70
34
62
6
37
65
9
49
77
21
40
68
12
52
80
24
28
56
0
46
74
18
31
59
3
43
71
15
60
7
35
63
10
38
75
22
50
66
13
41
78
25
53
54
1
29
72
19
47
57
4
32
69
16
44
In the square consists of the digits 0 up to 80. By adding 1 to each digit you can produce a square
which cionsists of the digits 1 up to 81.
Extra magic feature is that the sum of the digits of each 3x3 sub-square is the magic sum of 360.
You can use this method to produce squares which have the size of odd squares (= 9x9, 25x25,
49x49, 81x81, 121x121, ...). For example, to produce a 25x25 square use the digits 0 up to 24 as
first row of the 1st square. Produce the second up to fifth row of the 1st square by moving the
digits each time 5 places to the left. Produce the second up to fifth five rows (= 5x5 sub-squares)
of the 1st square by switching the sequence of the five columns of the five 5x5 sub-squares to 2-34-5-1, 3-4-5-1-2, 4-5-1-2-3 respectively 5-1-2-3-4.
Ultra magic 9x9 square:

1x digit from row grid
0 4 8
5 6
7 2 3
0 4
5 6 1
7 2
0 4 8
5 6
7 2 3
0 4
5 6 1
7 2
0 4 8
5 6
7 2 3
0 4
5 6 1
7 2
1
8
3
1
8
3
1
8
3
7
5
0
7
5
0
7
5
0
2
6
4
2
6
4
2
6
4
3
1
8
3
1
8
3
1
8
168
+ 9x digit from column grid +1

0
7
5
0
7
5
0
4
2
6
4
2
6
4
8
3
1
8
3
1
8
5
0
7
5
0
7
5
6
4
2
6
4
2
6
1
8
3
1
8
3
1
7
5
0
7
5
0
7
2
6
4
2
6
4
2
3
1
8
3
1
8
3
7
2
3
0
4
8
5
6
1
5
6
1
7
2
3
0
4
8
= Ultra magic 9x9 square

1 68 54 6 70 47
44 21 58 37 23 63
78 34 11 80 30 13
46 5 72 51 7 65
62 39 22 55 41 27
15 79 29 17 75 31
64 50 9 69 52 2
26 57 40 19 59 45
33 16 74 35 12 76
66
25
32
3
43
77
48
61
14
49
56
18
67
20
36
4
38
81
8
42
73
53
60
10
71
24
28
N.B.: The square is panmagic, symmetric, 3x3 compact and each 1/3 row and each 1/3 column
gives 1/3 of the magic sum.
Using ternary patterns to produce panmagic 9x9 squares

Choose four grids from the grids below and choose one odd V, one even V, one odd H and
one even H (n.b.: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 is odd and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 is even).
V1
V2
0
169
V3
V4
0
V5
V6
V7
V8
V9
V11
V10
2
V12
170
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
H7
H8
171
H9
H10
H11
H12
Put the chosen 4 grids in random order and take 1x digit from first grid add 3x digit from second
grid add 9x digit from third grid add 27x digit from fourth grid and add 1 to the result.
Example of 9x9 panmagic square (H2-V4-V1-H3)

Take 1x digit from grid H2
0
172
+3x digit from grid V4

0
+ 9x digit from grid V1

0
+ 27x digit from grid H3 +1

0

1 16 22 57 72 78 29 44 50
56 71 77 28 43 49 3 18 24
30 45 51 2 17 23 55 70 76
13 19 7 69 75 63 41 47 35
173
68
42
25
80
54
74
48
4
59
33
62
36
10
65
39
40
14
81
52
26
46
20
60
31
5
34
8
66
37
11
15
67
53
27
79
21
73
32
6
58
9
61
38
12
64
N.B.: each random chosen 3x3 sub-square gives the magic sum of 369.
This method gives 6x6x6x6 (choice even and oneven V and H) x 4x3x2x1 (sequence grids) is
31.104 different possibilities. Shifting the result on a 2x2 carpet of the panmagic 9x9 square give
more possibilties.
Expanding the possibilities

The above given possibilities are so called regular panmagic 9x9 squares. It is also possible to
produce irregular panmagic 9x9 squares. You need to shift the grids to get irregular panmagic
9x9 squares. Shift the last row of a V-grid to the first row and shift the first column of a H-grid to
the last column [and do it again]. Take the [double] shifted grids of the above mentioned
example and you get the following irregular panmagic 9x9 square[s].
Take 1x digit from grid H2'
Take 1x digit from grid H2''
+3x digit from grid V4'
+3x digit from grid V4''
174
+ 9x digit from grid V1'
+ 9x digit from grid V1''
+ 27x digit from grid H3' +1
+ 27x digit from grid H3'' +1
= panmagic 9x9 square'
=panmagic 9x9 square''
25
66
81
60
38
53
32
10
25
60
66
81
32
38
53
10
56
71
49
28
43
24
18
77
80
31
37
52
12
27
59
65
30
45
23
17
76
55
70
51
30
17
23
70
76
55
45
51
16
78
57
72
50
29
44
22
72
78
57
44
50
29
16
22
68
74
34
40
46
15
21
62
56
43
49
28
18
24
71
77
42
48
14
20
61
67
73
36
42
20
14
73
61
67
48
36
13
19
63
69
75
35
41
47
13
75
63
69
47
35
41
19
80
59
37
52
31
12
27
65
68
46
34
40
21
15
74
62
54
33
11
26
64
79
58
39
54
11
26
58
64
79
33
39
N.B.: It is also possible to combine unshifted and [double] shifted grids to produce panmagic 9x9
squares. So the possibilities are almost unlimited!!!
Additional ternary grids
See below 48 additional grids to produce panmagic 9x9 squares.

A1
A2
175
B1
B2
0
A3
A4
0
B3
B4
0
A5
A6
1
176
B5
B6
1
A7
A8
1
B7
B8
1
A9
A10
2
177
B9
B10
2
A11
A12
2
B11
B12
2
A1'
A2'
1
178
B1'
B2'
1
A3'
A4'
2
B3'
B4'
2
A5'
A6'
2
179
B5'
B6'
2
A7'
A8'
0
B7'
B8'
0
A9'
A10'
0
180
B9'
B10'
0
A11'
A12'
1
B11'
B12'
1
The following combinations are possible:

Combination possibilities
A (odd)
A (even)
B' (odd)
B' (even)
181
B (odd)
B (even)
A' (odd)
A' (even)
A (odd)
A (odd)
A (odd)
A (even)
A (even)
A (even)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
B (odd)
B (odd)
B (odd)
B (even)
B (even)
B (even)
A (all)
A (all)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
A' (odd)
A' (odd)
A' (odd)
A' (even)
A' (even)
A' (even)
A (all)
A (all)
B (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
B' (odd)
B' (odd)
B' (odd)
B' (even)
B' (even)
B' (even)
A (all)
A (all)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
B (all)
A (@)
A' (@)
B (@)
B' (@)
@ 3x odd & 1x even or 1x odd & 3x even
See for example:

Take 1x digit from grid A3
0 2 1 2 1 0 1
1 0 2 0 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 0 2 0
0 2 1 2 1 0 1
1 0 2 0 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 0 2 0
0 2 1 2 1 0 1
1 0 2 0 2 1 2
2 1 0 1 0 2 0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
+3x digit from grid B4

0 2 1 0 2 1
1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0
1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0
2
0
1
0
1
1
2
0
2
0
0
1
2
1
2
182
0
2
0
1
2
1
2
0
1
0
1
2
0
2
0
1
2
1
2
0
1
0
1
2
0
2
0
1
2
1
2
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
+ 27x digit from grid B11' +1

1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
2
1
0
1
0
2
0
2
1
+ 9x digit from grid A7'

0 2 1 2 1 0
2 1 0 1 0 2
1 0 2 0 2 1
0 2 1 2 1 0
2 1 0 1 0 2
1 0 2 0 2 1
0 2 1 2 1 0
2 1 0 1 0 2
1 0 2 0 2 1

28 27 68 48 17 58 38
23 64 36 13 57 53 6
72 32 19 62 49 12 79
4 75 44 24 65 34 14
80 40 3 70 33 20 63
39 8 76 29 25 69 46
61 51 11 81 41 1 71
47 16 60 37 9 77 30
15 56 52 5 73 45 22
7
74
42
55
50
18
31
26
66
78
43
2
54
10
59
21
67
35
It is also possible to use shifted grids to produce more 9x9 panmagic squares; see below the
shifted grids of the example above.
(shifted)
Take 1x digit from grid A3 (shifted 2x)
183
+3x digit from grid B4

(shifted)
+3x digit from grid B4 (shifted 2x)
+ 9x digit from grid A7' (shifted)
+ 9x digit from grid A7' (shifted 2x)
+ 27x digit from grid B11' (shifted)

+1
+ 27x digit from grid B11' (shifted 2x)

+1
184
44
57
49
11
33
25
68
9
73
4
53
12
61
20
69
28
77
45
75
13
62
51
70
29
27
37
5
34
74
42
1
50
18
58
26
66
24
43
2
81
10
59
48
67
35
= panmagic 9x9 square'

24
64
5
81
40
62
48
16
29
65
36
73
41
3
49
17
60
25
54
13
35
21
70
2
78
37
59
14
57
22
71
33
79
38
9
46
55
53
66
31
20
42
7
77
18
44
6
52
11
63
19
68
30
76
= panmagic 9x9 sq.''

4
74
15
61
50
72
28
26
39
75
43
56
51
10
32
27
67
8
34
23
45
1
80
12
58
47
69
65
6
79
41
63
46
17
30
22
54
64
32
21
40
8
78
16
56
14
36
19
71
3
76
38
60
52
55
23
72
31
80
39
7
47
15
N.B.: You can combine (without limitation) [double] shifted and unshifted grids.
Combining first grids with additional grids

It is also possible to combine the first grids with the additional grids.
Combination possibilities
A (odd)
A (odd)
A' (odd)
A' (odd)
B (odd)
B (odd)
B' (odd)
B' (odd)
A (even)
A (even)
A' (even)
A' (even)
B (even)
B (even)
B' (even)
B' (even)
H (odd)
V (odd)
H (odd)
V (odd)
H (odd)
V (odd)
H (odd)
V (odd)
H (even)
V (even)
H (even)
V (even)
H (even)
V (even)
H (even)
V (even)
A (odd)
A' (odd)
B (odd)
B' (odd)
A (even)
A' (even)
B (even)
B' (even)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
H (odd)
H (odd)
H (odd)
H (odd)
H (odd)
H (odd)
H (even)
H (even)
H (even)
H (even)
H (even)
H (even)
A (all)
A (all)
A (all)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
V (odd)
V (even)
A (all)
A' (all)
185
V (odd)
V (odd)
V (odd)
V (odd)
V (odd)
V (even)
V (even)
V (even)
V (even)
V (even)
A (all)
A (all)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
A (all)
A (all)
A (all)
A' (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
A' (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B (all)
B' (all)
B' (all)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
H (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
V (all)
See for example:

0 1 2 1 2 0 2
2 0 1 0 1 2 1
1 2 0 2 0 1 0
0 1 2 1 2 0 2
2 0 1 0 1 2 1
1 2 0 2 0 1 0
0 1 2 1 2 0 2
2 0 1 0 1 2 1
1 2 0 2 0 1 0
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
+3x digit from grid A2

0 1 2 2 0 1
2 0 1 1 2 0
1 2 0 0 1 2
0 1 2 2 0 1
2 0 1 1 2 0
1 2 0 0 1 2
0 1 2 2 0 1
2 0 1 1 2 0
1 2 0 0 1 2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
+ 9x digit from grid V1

0 1 2 0 1 2
0 1 2 0 1 2
0 1 2 0 1 2
1 2 0 1 2 0
1 2 0 1 2 0
1 2 0 1 2 0
2 0 1 2 0 1
2 0 1 2 0 1
2 0 1 2 0 1
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
0
0
0
2
2
2
0
0
0
1
1
1
186
+ 27x digit from grid V2 +1

0 1 2 0 1 2 0
0 1 2 0 1 2 0
0 1 2 0 1 2 0
2 0 1 2 0 1 2
2 0 1 2 0 1 2
2 0 1 2 0 1 2
1 2 0 1 2 0 1
1 2 0 1 2 0 1
1 2 0 1 2 0 1
1
1
1
0
0
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0

1 41 81 8 39 76 6
9 37 77 4 44 75 2
5 45 73 3 40 80 7
64 23 36 71 21 31 69
72 19 32 67 26 30 65
68 27 28 66 22 35 70
46 59 18 53 57 13 51
54 55 14 49 62 12 47
50 63 10 48 58 17 52
43
42
38
25
24
20
61
60
56
74
79
78
29
34
33
11
16
15
Vertical shift
You can double the panmagic 9x9 squares possibilities by using a vertical shift (see below):
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
28
69
64
71
19
26
24
35
33
9
20
27
46
36
31
62
67
65
15
56
63
68
18
13
21
49
47
34
14
52
50
48
59
57
61
12
16
60
55
5
10
17
39
53
51
79
42
37
54
73
80
58
8
6
11
81
2
9
4
45
40
38
76
74
43
41
72
77
75
22
3
7
29
25
23
1
32
30
44
66
70
78
28
23
72
4
80
39
61
47
15
27
64
32
75
40
8
51
16
56
68
36
19
44
3
76
11
60
52
48
13
62
24
70
29
81
37
5
187
17
57
49
65
33
25
41
9
73
58
53
12
34
20
69
1
77
45
38
6
79
14
63
46
71
30
22
7
74
42
55
50
18
31
26
66
78
43
2
54
10
59
21
67
35
N.B.: The vertical shifted version of the panmagic 9x9 square has not the extra magic feature
(that each random chosen 3x3 sub-square gives the magic sum).
The finishing touch

I have got an Excel file from Dwane Campbell and Aale de Winkel. There are 72 baselines
(starting with 0). It is possible to use the 72 baselines to produce (72 x 4 =) 288 baseline grids
(which have the extra magic feature) with the digit 0 in the upper left corner. See below the 72
baselines (starting with 0):
Baseline grids (starting with 0)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
1
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
188
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
Use for example baseline 61 to make 4 baseline grids to produce a 9x9 panmagic square.
Take 1x digit from grid (basel. 61)
0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
189
+3x digit from grid (baseline 61)

0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1
2 0 1 2 0 1 2 0
1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2
2 0 1 2 0 1 2 0
0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1
0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1
1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2
1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2
2 0 1 2 0 1 2 0
2
1
0
1
2
2
0
0
1
+ 9x digit from grid (baseline 61)

0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
0 2 1 2 0 0 1 1
2 1 0 1 2 2 0 0
1 0 2 0 1 1 2 2
2
1
0
2
1
0
2
1
0
+ 27x digit from grid (basel. 61) +1

0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1
1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0 2
2 1 0 2 1 0 2 1 0
1 78 44 21 58 34 11 68 54
80 37 6 70 47 23 63 30 13
42 8 73 32 18 66 49 25 56
61 48 14 81 28 4 71 38 24
20 67 36 10 77 53 3 60 43
12 59 52 2 69 45 19 76 35
31 27 65 51 7 55 41 17 75
50 16 57 40 26 74 33 9 64
72 29 22 62 39 15 79 46 5
There are (288 x 6 shift options =) 1728 derived vertical shifted grids (without the extra magic
feature) with the digit 0 in the upper left corner.
190
[39] 3x extra magic 9x9 square

In the previous chapter I present a method to produce a panmagic 9x9 square. In this chapter I
present two different methods to produce 9x9 magic squares, which are not panmagic, but the
squares have other extra magic features.
Method 1
We use 9 magic 3x3 squares to build up the 9x9 magic square. We choose a 3x3 magic square
and add each time 9 to all digits. Now we get 9 magic 3x3 squares with all the digits from 1 up to
81. We put the 9 magic 3x3 squares in order by using an (other or the same) magic 3x3 square.
9 x magic 3x3 square (by adding each time 9 to all digits)
4
3
8
2
11 18 13
16 14 12
15 10 17
3
20 27 22
25 23 21
24 19 26
4
29 36 31
34 32 30
33 28 35
6
47 54 49
52 50 48
51 46 53
7
56 63 58
61 59 57
60 55 62
8
65 72 67
70 68 66
69 64 71
9
74 81 76
79 77 75
78 73 80
2
7
6
1
9
5
1
Put the 3x3 squares in order by using a 3x3 magic square

2
2
2
7
7
7
6
6
6
2
2
2
7
7
7
6
6
6
2
2
2
7
7
7
6
6
6
9
9
9
5
5
5
1
1
1
9
9
9
5
5
5
1
1
1
9
9
9
5
5
5
1
1
1
4
4
4
3
3
3
8
8
8
4
4
4
3
3
3
8
8
8
4
4
4
3
3
3
8
8
8
Magic 9x9 square consisting of 9 magic 3x3 squares

11
16
15
56
61
60
47
52
51
18
14
10
63
59
55
54
50
46
13
12
17
58
57
62
49
48
53
74
79
78
38
43
42
2
7
6
81
77
73
45
41
37
9
5
1
76
75
80
40
39
44
4
3
8
29
34
33
20
25
24
65
70
69
36
32
28
27
23
19
72
68
64
31
30
35
22
21
26
67
66
71
Method 2
191
5
38 45 40
43 41 39
42 37 44
We build up the 9x9 magic square by using (again) 9 magic 3x3 squares. Only this time the 9
magic 3x3 squares are proportional semi magic squares. Proportional means that all 9 magic 3x3
squares have the same magic sum of (1/3 x 369 = ) 123.
We use the row and column patterns of the magic 3x3 square (see method 3 in chapter [39] 3x
extra magic 15x15 square). As column coordinates we use not the digits 0 up to 2 but 0 up to (9 x
3 -/- 1 = ) 26 and we spread the column coordinates proportional over the 9 semi magic 3x3
squares.
1 x row coordinate
+ 3x column coordinate + 1 = semi magic 3x3 square
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
13
0
26
26
13
0
0
26
13
40
3
80
81
41
1
2
79
42
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
17
4
18
18
17
4
4
18
17
52
15
56
57
53
13
14
55
54
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
9
8
22
22
9
8
8
22
9
28
27
68
69
29
25
26
67
30
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
14
1
24
24
14
1
1
24
14
43
6
74
75
44
4
5
73
45
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
15
5
19
19
15
5
5
19
15
46
18
59
60
47
16
17
58
48
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
10
6
23
23
10
6
6
23
10
31
21
71
72
32
19
20
70
33
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
12
2
25
25
12
2
2
25
12
37
9
77
78
38
7
8
76
39
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
16
3
20
20
16
3
3
20
16
49
12
62
63
50
10
11
61
51
0
2
1
2
1
0
1
0
2
11
7
21
21
11
7
7
21
11
34
24
65
66
35
22
23
64
36
Put the 9 magic 3x3 squares together.
192
9x9 magic square consisting of 9 proportional semi magic 3x3 squares

40
3
80
43
6
74
37
9
77
81
41
1
75
44
4
78
38
7
2
79
42
5
73
45
8
76
39
52
15
56
46
18
59
49
12
62
57
53
13
60
47
16
63
50
10
14
55
54
17
58
48
11
61
51
28
27
68
31
21
71
34
24
65
69
29
25
72
32
19
66
35
22
26
67
30
20
70
33
23
64
36
Notify that each 1/3 row and each 1/3 column gives 1/3 of the magic sum (1/3 of 369 = 123) and
both diagonals give the magic sum of of 369.
Method 3
We build up the 9x9 magic square by using 1x a digit from the grid with 9x the same 3x3 magic
square and 9x a digit from the same cell of the grid with 9x the shifted versions of the 3x3 magic
square.
+1x digit from 9x the same 3x3 m.s.
8 1 6 8 1 6 8 1
3 5 7 3 5 7 3 5
4 9 2 4 9 2 4 9
8 1 6 8 1 6 8 1
3 5 7 3 5 7 3 5
4 9 2 4 9 2 4 9
8 1 6 8 1 6 8 1
3 5 7 3 5 7 3 5
4 9 2 4 9 2 4 9
6
7
2
6
7
2
6
7
2
+9x [digit-1] from 9x shifted 3x3 m.s.

9 2 4 8 1 6 7 3 5
1 6 8 3 5 7 2 4 9
5 7 3 4 9 2 6 8 1
6 8 1 5 7 3 4 9 2
7 3 5 9 2 4 8 1 6
2 4 9 1 6 8 3 5 7
3 5 7 2 4 9 1 6 8
4 9 2 6 8 1 5 7 3
8 1 6 7 3 5 9 2 4
= extra magic 9x9 square
80 10 33 71 1 51 62 19 42
193
3
40
53
57
13
26
30
67
50
63
64
23
36
37
77
9
70
20
6
43
74
60
16
47
21
31
44
75
4
17
48
58
41
81
55
14
54
28
68
27
61
11
24
34
65
78
7
38
12
49
35
66
22
8
39
76
32
72
73
5
45
46
59
18
79
2
15
52
56
69
25
29
Notify that each 1/3 row and each 1/3 column gives 1/3 of the magic sum (1/3 of 369 = 123) and
both diagonals give the magic sum of of 369.
194

You can produce 10x10 magic squares by using the medjig method, the method to produce
bordered squares, or the methode of Strachey.
In this chapter I present the improved method of Strachey and the Medjig method without
puzzling (= LUX method) to produce a magic 10x10 square.
IMPROVED METHOD OF STRACHEY:
A 10x10 magic square produced with the ordinary method of Strachey consists of a 2x2 carpet of
a magic 5x5 square. You need to swap a lot of digits to get a correct magic square. A 10x10
magic square produced with the improved method of Strachey consists of 4 panmagic 5x5
squares. The 5x5 squares are more proportional and you need to swap less digits to get a correct
magic square.
Produce 4 panmagic 5x5 squares by using method 3 on page 3x extra magic 15x15 square. Take
as row coordinates each time the digits 0 up to 4 and take as column coordinates the digits 0 up to
(5 x 4 -/- 1 = ) 19.
5x column coordinate + 1x row coordinate + 1 = panmagic 5x5 square
250 250 250 250 250
250
0
5 10 15 17
10 15 17
0
5
17
0
5 10 15
5 10 15 17
0
15 17
0
5 10
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
250
1
54
87
30
78
27
80
3
51
89
53
86
29
77
5
79
2
55
88
26
90
28
76
4
52
250
250
250
250
250
250 250 250 250 250

250
1
4
9 14 19
9 14 19
1
4
19
1
4
9 14
4
9 14 19
1
14 19
1
4
9
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
250
6
49
97
25
73
22
75
8
46
99
48
96
24
72
10
74 100
7 23
50 71
98
9
21 47
250
250
250
250
250
255 255 255 255 255

255
2
6 11 13 16
11 13 16
2
6
16
2
6 11 13
6 11 13 16
2
13 16
2
6 11
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
255
11
59
82
35
68
32
70
13
56
84
58
81
34
67
15
69
12
60
83
31
85
33
66
14
57
255 255 255 255 255
195
255
255
255
255
255
255
3
7
8 12 18
8 12 18
3
7
18
3
7
8 12
7
8 12 18
3
12 18
3
7
8
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
255
16
44
92
40
63
37
65
18
41
94
43
91
39
62
20
64
17
45
93
36
95
38
61
19
42
255
255
255
255
255
Put the 4 panmagic 5x5 squares together.

Magic 10x10 square to be corrected
505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505
505
500
500
500
500
500
510
510
510
510
510
505
1
54
87
30
78
11
59
82
35
68
27
80
3
51
89
32
70
13
56
84
53
86
29
77
5
58
81
34
67
15
79
2
55
88
26
69
12
60
83
31
90
28
76
4
52
85
33
66
14
57
6
49
97
25
73
16
44
92
40
63
22
75
8
46
99
37
65
18
41
94
48
96
24
72
10
43
91
39
62
20
74 100
7 23
50 71
98
9
21 47
64 95
17 38
45 61
93 19
36 42
Swap the 2x five (not-diagonal) digits, to get a correct 10x10 magic square.
10x10 magic square
1
59
87
35
78
11
54
82
30
68
32
80
3
51
89
27
70
13
56
84
53
86
29
77
5
58
81
34
67
15
79
2
60
88
31
69
12
55
83
26
90
28
76
4
52
85
33
66
14
57
6
49
97
25
73
16
44
92
40
63
22
75
8
46
99
37
65
18
41
94
48
96
24
72
10
43
91
39
62
20
74 100
7 23
50 71
98
9
21 47
64 95
17 38
45 61
93 19
36 42
This method can be also used to produce a magic 14x14 square (consisting of 4 as proportional as
possible panmagic 7x7 squares.
MEDJIG METHOD WITHOUT PUZZLING (= LUX METHOD):
Yoy can use the Medjig method without puzzling, better known as the LUX method. The three
characters are three different Medjig tiles. If you draw a straight line between the digits 1, 2, 3
[and 4] on the tiles, you get the characters L (see red marked), U (see yellow marked) or X (see
blue marked. Take a digit from the LUX grid and add [digit minus 1] x 4 from the grid with the
2x2 blown up magic 5x5 square.
1x digit from grid with Medjig tiles LUX
196
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
4
3
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
4
3
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
2
4
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
4
3
1
3
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
4
3
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
3
4
3
4
2
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
+4x [digit minus 1] from grid with 2x2 blown up magic 5x5
square
130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
1
1
14
14
22
22
10
10
18
18
1
1
14
14
22
22
10
10
18
18
7
7
20
20
3
3
11
11
24
24
7
7
20
20
3
3
11
11
24
24
13
13
21
21
9
9
17
17
5
5
13
13
21
21
9
9
17
17
5
5
19
19
2
2
15
15
23
23
6
6
19
19
2
2
15
15
23
23
6
6
25
25
8
8
16
16
4
4
12
12
25
25
8
8
16
16
4
4
12
12
= magic 10x10 square

505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505 505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
505
4
2
56
54
88
86
37
38
69
71
1
3
53
55
85
87
40
39
72
70
28
26
80
78
12
10
41
42
93
95
25
27
77
79
9
11
44
43
96
94
52
50
84
82
33
34
68
66
17
19
49
51
81
83
36
35
65
67
20
18
76
74
8
6
60
58
89
90
21
23
73 100
75 98
5 32
7 30
57 64
59 62
92 13
91 14
24 45
22 47
197
97
99
29
31
61
63
16
15
48
46
[41] Composite 12x12 magic square

Learn how to produce the composite magic 12x12 square from "Scripta Mathematica" of Royal
Vale Heath of 1938.
Take as first grid a 3x3 'blown up' panmagic 4x4 square. Take as second grid 8x a magic 3x3
square (see yellow marked) and 8x the same magic 3x3 square turned up site down (see red
marked). Take finally 1x digit from the first grid and add [digit minus 1] x 16 from the same cell
of the second grid
1x digit from grid with 3x3 'blown up' panmagic 4x4 square
1
1
1
14
14
14
4
4
4
15
15
15
1
1
1
14
14
14
4
4
4
15
15
15
1
1
1
14
14
14
4
4
4
15
15
15
8
8
8
11
11
11
5
5
5
10
10
10
8
8
8
11
11
11
5
5
5
10
10
10
8
8
8
11
11
11
5
5
5
10
10
10
13
13
13
2
2
2
16
16
16
3
3
3
13
13
13
2
2
2
16
16
16
3
3
3
13
13
13
2
2
2
16
16
16
3
3
3
12
12
12
7
7
7
9
9
9
6
6
6
12
12
12
7
7
7
9
9
9
6
6
6
12
12
12
7
7
7
9
9
9
6
6
6
+ [digit minus 1] x 16 from grid with 3x3 (and upsite down) magic square
6
7
2
4
3
8
4
3
8
6
7
2
1
5
9
9
5
1
9
5
1
1
5
9
8
3
4
2
7
6
2
7
6
8
3
4
4
3
8
6
7
2
6
7
2
4
3
8
9
5
1
1
5
9
1
5
9
9
5
1
2
7
6
8
3
4
8
3
4
2
7
6
6
7
2
4
3
8
4
3
8
6
7
2
1
5
9
9
5
1
9
5
1
1
5
9
8
3
4
2
7
6
2
7
6
8
3
4
4
3
8
6
7
2
6
7
2
4
3
8
9
5
1
1
5
9
1
5
9
9
5
1
= panmagic 12x12 square (consisting of 16 magic 3x3 squares)
198
2
7
6
8
3
4
8
3
4
2
7
6
81
97
17
62
46
126
52
36
116
95
111
31
1
65
129
142
78
14
132
68
4
15
79
143
113
33
49
30
110
94
20
100
84
127
47
63
56
40
120
91
107
27
85
101
21
58
42
122
136
72
8
11
75
139
5
69
133
138
74
10
24
104
88
123
43
59
117
37
53
26
106
90
93
109
29
50
34
114
64
48
128
83
99
19
13
77
141
130
66
2
144
80
16
3
67
131
125
45
61
18
98
82
32
112
96
115
35
51
60
44
124
87
103
23
89
105
25
54
38
118
140
76
12
7
71
135
9
73
137
134
70
6
28
108
92
119
39
55
121
41
57
22
102
86
What are the special magic features of this 12x12 magic square?
(1st) The 12x12 square is panmagic and consists of 16 (disproportional) magic 3x3 squares;
(2nd) It is possible to get 9 (proportional) panmagic 4x4 squares from the 12x12 magic square; see
below.
12x12 magic square --> 9x panmagic 4x4 square
81
97
17
62
46
126
52
36
116
95
111
31
1
65
129
142
78
14
132
68
4
15
79
143
113
33
49
30
110
94
20
100
84
127
47
63
56
40
120
91
107
27
85
101
21
58
42
122
136
72
8
11
75
139
5
69
133
138
74
10
24 93 13 125 60
104 109 77 45 44
88 29 141 61 124
123 50 130 18 87
43 34 66 98 103
59 114
2 82 23
117 64 144 32 89
37 48 80 112 105
53 128 16 96 25
26 83
3 115 54
106 99 67 35 38
90 19 131 51 118
140
76
12
7
71
135
9
73
137
134
70
6
Put for example all yellow marked digits together.
one of the 9 panmagic 4x4 squares:
199
28
108
92
119
39
55
121
41
57
22
102
86
290 290 290 290

290
290
290
290
290
290
81
62
52
95
56
91
85
58
93
50
64
83
60
87
89
54
290 290
290 290
290 290
(3rd) It is possible to get 27 (proportional) panmagic 8x8 squares from the 12x12 magic
square. Take from each of the 16
squares the same 2 digits of the 1st and 2nd r 1st and 3rd r 2nd and 3rd column ; see below.
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
200
25
26
27
For example 12 gives the following panmagic 8x8 square.

one of the 27 panmagic 8x8 squares:
580 580 580 580 580 580 580 580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
81 33 56 104 93 45 60 108
17 49 120 88 29 61 124 92
62 110 91 43 50 98 87 39
126 94 27 59 114 82 23 55
52 100 85 37 64 112 89 41
116 84 21 53 128 96 25 57
95 47 58 106 83 35 54 102
31 63 122 90 19 51 118 86
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
580
It is possible to use this method to produce a composite magic 24x24 square (see chapter [44]).
201

Use the method of Strachey to produce a 14x14 magic square. As extra I show you how to
produce a 14x14 magic square with a 12x12 Bree/Ollerenshaw inlay.
METHOD OF STRACHEY:
You need 2x2 the same 7x7 magic square. I present 3 popular methods to produce a 7x7 square.
7x7, method 1
Use the diagonal method of the Dutch Professor van der Blij:
1
8
15
22
29
36
43
30
44
9
16
23
37
24
38
39
18
12
26
40
6
13
20
27
34
41
48
19
33
47
4
11
25
32
46
3
10
17
31
45
7
14
21
28
35
42
49
22
5
30
13
38
21
46
47
23
6
31
14
39
15
16
48
24
7
32
8
40
41
17
49
25
1
33
9
10
42
18
43
26
2
34
35
11
36
19
44
27
3
4
29
12
37
20
45
28
Methode 2
Use the method of De la loubre (also known as the Siamese method):
- Put digit 1 exactly in the middle of the top row;
- Go diagonal up right until you meet a cell that has already been filled in (for example: you can
not put the 8 in the cell diagonal up right);
- Put the next digit below the previous digit (for example: you must put the 8 below the 7);
- Start a new diagonal up right until you meet a cell that has already been filled in ...
30
39
48
10
19
28
202
38
46
5
13
21
22
47
6
14
15
23
31
7
8
16
24
32
40
9
17
25
33
41
49
18
26
34
42
43
2
27
35
36
44
3
11
29
37
45
4
12
20
7x7, method 3
- Put digit 1 exactly in the middle of the top row;
- Put the digits 2 up to 7 each time one place to the right and two places down (= chess horse
movement);
- Put digit 8 below 7.
1
5
2
6
3
7
8
movement);
- Put digit 15 below 14;
-
- Put digit 43 below 42;
movement).
46
5
13
21
22
30
38
31
39
47
6
14
15
23
16
24
32
40
48
7
8
1
9
17
25
33
41
49
42
43
2
10
18
26
34
27
35
36
44
3
11
19
12
20
28
29
37
45
4
N.B.: It is also possible to use a panmagic 7x7 square (see method in chapter [12] 5x5 panmagic
square).
Produce the second, third and fourth 7x7 magic squares by adding (7 x 7 = ) 49, (2 x 49 = ) 98
respectively (3 x 49 = ) 147 to all digits of the first 7x7 magic square. Put the first square in the
203
top left corner, put the second square in the down right corner, put the third square in the top right
corner and put the fourth square in the down left corner.
46
5
13
21
22
30
38
193
152
160
168
169
177
185
31
39
47
6
14
15
23
178
186
194
153
161
162
170
16
24
32
40
48
7
8
163
171
179
187
195
154
155
1
9
17
25
33
41
49
148
156
164
172
180
188
196
42
43
2
10
18
26
34
189
190
149
157
165
173
181
27
35
36
44
3
11
19
174
182
183
191
150
158
166
12
20
28
29
37
45
4
159
167
175
176
184
192
151
144
103
111
119
120
128
136
95
54
62
70
71
79
87
129
137
145
104
112
113
121
80
88
96
55
63
64
72
114
122
130
138
146
105
106
65
73
81
89
97
56
57
99
107
115
123
131
139
147
50
58
66
74
82
90
98
140
141
100
108
116
124
132
91
92
51
59
67
75
83
125
133
134
142
101
109
117
76
84
85
93
52
60
68
110
118
126
127
135
143
102
61
69
77
78
86
94
53
The columns give already the magic sum. To get the right sum in the rows and the diagonals, you
need to swap digits. Split up the 7x7 square in the top left corner and the 7x7 square in the down
left corner both in four parts (see blue digits). Swap the parts top left and down left of the 7x7
square in the top left corner with the parts top left and down left of the 7x7 square in the down
left corner. Swap the digits of the (one place to the right shifted) border between the two parts of
the 7x7 square in the top left corner with the digits of the (one place to the right shifted) border
between the two parts of the 7x7 square in the down left corner. Swap finally all digits of the top
half of the last columns with the digits of the down half of the last columns. N.B.: Because we
swapped digits from the first 3 columns, we need to swap digits from the last (3 1 = ) 2
columns. See the final result below.
14x14 magic square
193
152
160
21
169
177
185
46
5
13
168
22
30
38
178
186
194
153
161
162
170
31
39
47
6
14
15
23
163
171
179
187
195
154
155
16
24
32
40
48
7
8
1
9
17
172
33
41
49
148
156
164
25
180
188
196
42
43
2
10
18
26
34
189
190
149
157
165
173
181
27
35
36
44
3
11
19
174
182
183
191
150
158
166
12
20
28
29
37
45
4
159
167
175
176
184
192
151
144
103
111
119
120
128
136
95
54
62
70
71
79
87
129
137
145
104
112
113
121
80
88
96
55
63
64
72
114
122
130
138
146
105
106
65
73
81
89
97
56
57
99
107
115
123
131
139
147
50
58
66
74
82
90
98
140
141
100
108
116
124
132
91
92
51
59
67
75
83
76
84
85
93
52
60
68
125
133
134
142
101
109
117
61
69
77
78
86
94
53
110
118
126
127
135
143
102
14x14 MAGIC SQUARE WITH 12x12 BREE/OLLERENSHAW INLAY:
204
Produce a 14x14 magic square with 12x12 inlay. Use the method of Bree/Ollerenshaw to produce
the 12x12 inlay. First put the digits 1 up to 144 in sequence and secondly mix the digits of the
four quarters (see colours).
Sequencing
1
2
13 14
25 26
37 38
49 50
61 62
133 134
121 122
109 110
97 98
85 86
73 74
3
15
27
39
51
63
135
123
111
99
87
75
4
16
28
40
52
64
136
124
112
100
88
76
5
17
29
41
53
65
137
125
113
101
89
77
6
18
30
42
54
66
138
126
114
102
90
78
Mixing
1 134
132 23
25 110
108 47
49 86
84 71
133
2
24 131
109 26
48 107
85 50
72 83
3
130
27
106
51
82
135
22
111
46
87
70
136
21
112
45
88
69
4
129
28
105
52
81
5
128
29
104
53
80
137
20
113
44
89
68
138 12 143 10 141

8 139
19 121 14 123 16 125 18
114 36 119 34 117 32 115
43 97 38 99 40 101 42
90 60 95 58 93 56 91
67 73 62 75 64 77 66
6 144 11 142
9 140
7
127 13 122 15 124 17 126
30 120 35 118 33 116 31
103 37 98 39 100 41 102
54 96 59 94 57 92 55
79 61 74 63 76 65 78
12
24
36
48
60
72
144
132
120
108
96
84
11
23
35
47
59
71
143
131
119
107
95
83
10
22
34
46
58
70
142
130
118
106
94
82
9
21
33
45
57
69
141
129
117
105
93
81
8
20
32
44
56
68
140
128
116
104
92
80
7
19
31
43
55
67
139
127
115
103
91
79
N.B.: This 12x12 square is panmagic and each random chosen 2x2 sub-square gives 1/3 of
the magic sum.
To produce the border you need the digits 1 up to 26 (and 171 up to 196); to produce the 12x12
inlay you need to add 26 to each digit. To produce the border, you produce a 14x14 concentric
magic square on website http://users.eastlink.ca/~sharrywhite/BorderedMagicSquares.html. Use
only the border. Put the 12x12 inlay and the border together,
and you get the following 14x14 magic square with 12x12 inlay:
14x14 magic square (with 12x12 inlay)
205
14
195
8 188
10 186
12 196
7 182
16 180
18 178 184
27 160
29 162
31 164
38 169
36 167
34 165
3 158
193
51 136
5 134
191
49 156
53 138
73 132
75 112
47 154
55 140
71 130
77 114
45 147
62 145
69 123
79 116
40 149
60 143
64 125
86 121
42 151
84 119
44 194
58 141
66 127
2
4
68 192
82 117
177 110
97 108
95 106
93
99
88 101
90 103
92
20
171 159
28 161
30 163
32 170
37 168
35 166
33
26
25
50 157
173 135
23
21
13
52 137
74 133
175 111
206
57
24
67 128 174
83 118
89 102
15 181
43 152 172
59 142
65 126
85 120
87 100
1 190
41 150
61 144
63 124
80 122
94 105
11 185
39 148
56 146
70 129
78 115
96 107
9 187
46 153
54 139
72 131
76 113
98 109
189
48 155
81
22
91 104 176
17 179
19 183
[43] 15x15 panmagic square

Can you use to produce a 15x15 panmagic square the same method to produce panmagic 5x5
squares? The answer is yes and no. If you choose as first row 0-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-1314 than you get as result only a semi-magic 15x15 square. If you use the digits 0-2-1-3-4-5-8-7-611-10-9-13-12-14, than you get a correct panmagic 15x15 square.
Notify that the row 0-2-1-3-4-5-8-7-6-11-10-9-13-12-14 leads to a correct result, because
0+3+8+11+13, 2+4+7+10+12 and 1+5+6+9+14 is 35, that is 1/3 of (0+1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10
+11+12+13+14=) 105.
There is a more difficult method to produce a 15x15 panmagic square (use the digits 0 up to 14
instead of 1 up to 15, because it is easier to calculate with).
The difficulty is the construction of the first row (after that it is not difficult anymore). The key to
produce the first row is the matrix of 3x5 or 5x3:
Matrix 3x5
0
1
11
13
10
9
14
2
3
7
12
6
8
5
4
35
35
35
Matrix 5x3
21
21
21
21
21
0
1
11
13
10
9
14
2
3
7
12
6
8
5
4
35
35
35
21
21
21
21
21
The magic sum of 0 up to14 is 105. Notify that in the matrix the sum of each column of 5 digits is
(5/15 x 105 =) 35 and the sum of each row of 3 digits is (3/15 x 105 =) 21. Fill in the digits as
follows:
Fill in the first row acording to matrix 3x5
0
11
14
13
12
10
14
13
12
10
Fill in the first row according to matrix 5x3

0
11
Rows 2 up to15 can be produced by moving the first row each time 4 places to the left.
207
9 11
4 14 13 12
2 10
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
14 13 12
2 10
9 11
10
9 11
9 11
9 11
13 12
9 11
4 14 13 12
2 10
4 14 13 12
9 11
2 10
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
9 11
4 14 13 12
2 10
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
2 10
9 11
9 11
9 11
9 11
4 14
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
4 14 13 12
2 10
9 11
9 11
12
9 11
9 11
9 11
9 11
2 10
2 10
9 11
9 11
2 10
2 10
9 11
2 10
9 11
2 10
2 10
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
6
2 10
2 10
2 10
2 10
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
2 10
2 10
4 14 13 12
11
3
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
4 14 13 12
2 10
4 14 13 12
2 10
4 14 13 12
2 10
We have now produced the 1st square with the column coordinates.
1st square with column coordinates (take 15x digit + 1)
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
208
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
6
7
11
12
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
3
1
4
2
0
5
14
10
8
9
13
6
7
11
12
4 14 13
2 10
The 2nd square is the 1st square, rotated a quarter turn to the left.
2nd square with row coordinates (take 1x digit)
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
12
13
14
4
12
13
14
4
11
9
5
1
7
8
0
3
6
10
2
Take a digit from the 1st square multiplied by 15, add 1, and add (1x) the digit from the same cell
of the 2nd square and you get the 15x15 panmagic square as mentioned below.
4
82
221
153
133
149
210
95
117
175
186
47
23
69
31
122
143
204
91
109
172
191
48
28
74
45
5
87
220
156
110
177
190
51
17
68
39
1
79
217
161
123
148
209
105
18
73
44
15
80
222
160
126
137
203
99
106
169
187
56
76
214
157
131
138
208
104
120
170
192
55
21
62
38
9
141
197
98
114
166
184
52
26
63
43
14
90
215
162
130
180
185
57
25
66
32
8
84
211
154
127
146
198
103
119
71
33
13
89
225
155
132
145
201
92
113
174
181
49
22
219
151
124
142
206
93
118
179
195
50
27
70
36
2
83
205
96
107
173
189
46
19
67
41
3
88
224
165
125
147
194
60
20
72
40
6
77
218
159
121
139
202
101
108
178
209
37
11
78
223
164
135
140
207
100
111
167
188
54
16
64
158
129
136
199
97
116
168
193
59
30
65
42
10
81
212
102
115
171
182
53
24
61
34
7
86
213
163
134
150
200
58
29
75
35
12
85
216
152
128
144
196
94
112
176
183
The method of construction can be used for each odd multiple of 3, but no multiple of 9 (=
15x15, 21x21, 33x33, 39x39, ). For example to produce a 21x21 panmagic square you can use
the following matrix:
Matrix 21x21 panm. square
0
1
16
19
15
5
14
17
9
12
8
11
7
6
13
20
2
3
4
18
10
70
70
70
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
3x3 the same panmagic 5x5 square to produce a panmagic 15x15 square.
I like to tell you how I have created the two fixed grids. The secret is in the first row of the first
fixed grid; see below:
The sum of 5 digits per colour is 5
0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0
The sum of 3 digits per colour is 3

0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0
You get row 2 up to 15 by shifting the first row each time 3 cells to the left. The second fixed
grid is areflection of the first fixed grid (= orthogonal).
Take 1x digit from 3x3 the same panmagic 5x5 square
1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13
14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21
22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9
10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17
18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5
1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13
14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21
22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9
10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17
18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5
1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13 19 25 1
7 13
14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21 2
8 14 20 21
22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9 15 16 22 3 9
10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17 23 4 10 11 17
18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5 6 12 18 24 5
210
19
2
15
23
6
19
2
15
23
6
19
2
15
23
6
25
8
16
4
12
25
8
16
4
12
25
8
16
4
12
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
+ 25x digit from first fixed grid

2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
1
2
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
2
0
0
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
1
2
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
2
0
0
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
1
2
2
0
1
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
0
2
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
1
1
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
+ 75x digit from second fixed grid

2
2
1
0
0
2
0
2
2
1
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
1
2
1
0
0
2
2
2
2
1
0
0
2
0
1
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
2
2
1
2
1
0
0
2
2
1
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
2
2
1
0
1
0
0
2
2
1
2
1
1
0
1
2
0
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
2
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
1
2
1
0
1
2
0
0
1
2
0
1
2
2
0
211

1 32 213 169 100 26 57
89 20 46 202 158 114 70
222 78 109 65 141 172 103
60 211 167 123 54 35 161
43 74 180 156 112 68 24
76 107 63 94 175 101 132
164 170 121 52 8 189 220
72 153 184 140 66 22 178
135 61 92 198 129 110 11
193 149 30 6 187 218 99
151 182 138 19 25 176 207
14 95 196 127 83 39 145
147 3 34 215 216 97 28
210 136 17 48 204 185 86
118 224 105 81 37 143 174
163
71
134
192
155
13
146
209
117
5
88
221
59
42
80
194
152
40
148
181
119
2
115
223
31
44
77
190
73
106
150
183
91
4
137
225
33
16
79
212
75
108
166
154
62
51
139
197
10
18
126
214
47
85
168
201
64
122
160
93
7
45
128
186
49
82
195
203
36
124
157
120
53
111
199
188
21
84
217
205
38
96
159
142
55
113
171
9
67
130
219
177
15
98
206
144
27
90
173
56
69
102
165
23
131
125
208
116
29
87
200
58
41
104
162
50
133
191
179
12
N.B.: It is also possible to use 3x3 the same panmagic 7x7 square to produce a panmagic 21x21
square.
ultra magic 15x15square:

= 1x digit from first grid
6
9
3
4 13
14 2
7 12 0
1 10 11 5
8
6
9
3
4 13
14 2
7 12 0
1 10 11 5
8
6
9
3
4 13
14 2
7 12 0
1 10 11 5
8
6
9
3
4 13
14 2
7 12 0
1 10 11 5
8
6
9
3
4 13
14 2
7 12 0
1 10 11 5
8
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
6
14
1
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
9
2
10
+ 15x digit from second grid +1
212
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
3
7
11
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
4
12
5
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
0
8
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
13
4
3
9
6
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
0
12
7
2
14
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
8
5
11
10
1
202
75
47
142
105
197
67
60
137
97
210
62
52
150
92
= Ultra (pan)magic 15x15 square

10 124 200 14 127 205 4
183 83 73 181 90 63 188
116 177 51 114 167 56 117
40 154 140 44 157 145 34
213 23 103 211 30 93 218
11 132 201 9 122 206 12
190 79 65 194 82 70 184
108 173 58 106 180 48 113
41 162 141 39 152 146 42
220 19 95 224 22 100 214
3 128 208 1 135 198 8
191 87 66 189 77 71 192
115 169 50 119 172 55 109
33 158 148 31 165 138 38
221 27 96 219 17 101 222
125
88
171
155
28
126
80
178
156
20
133
81
170
163
21
209
61
54
149
91
204
74
46
144
104
196
69
59
136
99
7
195
107
37
225
2
187
120
32
217
15
182
112
45
212
130
78
176
160
18
131
85
168
161
25
123
86
175
153
26
199
68
57
139
98
207
64
53
147
94
203
72
49
143
102
5
193
111
35
223
6
185
118
36
215
13
186
110
43
216
134
76
174
164
16
129
89
166
159
29
121
84
179
151
24
N.B.: Establish that the square is panmagic, symmetric and double (3x3 and 5x5) compact.
It is also possible to use a different 3x5 rectangle and to combine a 3x5 rectangle with a different
5x3 rectangle. See for example the following 3x5 rectangle:
9
2
10
6
14
1
3
7
11
13
0
8
4
12
5
You can use this method to produce ultra panmagic odd squares, that are multiples of 3 (21x21,
27x27, 33x33, 39x39, ...). You need symmetric magic 3x7, 3x9, 3x11 and 3x13 rectangles; see on
Aale de Winkel's website:
http://www.magichypercubes.com/Encyclopedia/DataBase/RectanglesSymmetric3byX.html
213

In the previous chapter you can see how to produce a panmagic 15x15 square. In this chapter I
show you three different methods to produce extra magic 15x15 squares. These squares are not
panmagic, but the squares have extra magic features instead.
Method 1
You can use a magic 3x3 square and a (pan)magic 5x5 square to produce a 15x15 magic square (I
have used this method to produce an [extra] panmagic 35x35 square).
Make a 5x5 carpet of the magic 3x3 square and make a 3x3 carpet of the (pan)magic 5x5 square.
Take [digit -/- 1] x 25 from the first carpet and add the digit from the same cell of the second
capet.
25 x [digit -/- 1] from 5x5 carpet of a magic 3x3 square
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
2
7
6
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
9
5
1
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
4
3
8
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
+ 1x digit from 3x3 carpet of a (pan)magic 5x5 square

1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
25
4
8
12
16
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
13
17
21
5
9
1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
1
10
14
18
22
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
19
23
2
6
15
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
7
11
20
24
3
= magic 15x15 square

26 219
82
50 213
76
44 207 100
38 201
214
94
32 225
88
160
139
43
172
126
35
164
143
47
151
135
39
168
147
123
2
206
115
19
223
102
6
215
119
23
202
106
15
61
195
99
53
182
86
70
199
78
57
186
95
74
178
154
133
37
166
150
29
158
137
41
175
129
33
162
141
117
21
205
109
13
217
121
5
209
113
17
221
105
9
60
189
93
72
176
85
64
193
97
51
185
89
68
197
173
127
31
165
144
48
152
131
40
169
148
27
156
140
111
20
224
103
7
211
120
24
203
107
11
220
124
3
54
183
87
66
200
79
58
187
91
75
179
83
62
191
167
146
30
159
138
42
171
130
34
163
142
46
155
134
110
14
218
122
1
210
114
18
222
101
10
214
118
22
73
177
81
65
194
98
52
181
90
69
198
77
56
190
161
145
49
153
132
36
170
149
28
157
136
45
174
128
104
8
212
116
25
204
108
12
216
125
4
208
112
16
67
196
80
59
188
92
71
180
84
63
192
96
55
184
Notify that each random chosen 3x5 or 5x3 rectangle gives the magic sum of 1695.
Method 2
We produce the 15x15 magic square by using 9 panmagic 5x5 squares. We take one panmagic
5x5 square and add each time 25 to all digits. Now we have got 9 panmagic 5x5 squares with all
the digits from 1 up to 225. We put the 9 panmagic 5x5 squares in order of a magic 3x3 square.
9 x panmagic 5x5 squares (by adding each time 25 to all digits)
1
10
14
18
22
76
85
89
93
97
151
160
164
168
172
19
23
2
6
15
1
7
11
20
24
3
94
98
77
81
90
4
82 100
86 79
95 83
99 87
78 91
169
173
152
156
165
7
157
161
170
174
153
25
4
8
12
16
175
154
158
162
166
13
17
21
5
9
26
35
39
43
47
88
92
96
80
84
101
110
114
118
122
163
167
171
155
159
176
185
189
193
197
44
48
27
31
40
2
32
36
45
49
28
119
123
102
106
115
5
107
111
120
124
103
194
198
177
181
190
8
182
186
195
199
178
50
29
33
37
41
125
104
108
112
116
200
179
183
187
191
38
42
46
30
34
69
73
52
56
65
3
57
61
70
74
53
75
54
58
62
66
63
67
71
55
59
144
148
127
131
140
6
132
136
145
149
128
150
129
133
137
141
138
142
146
130
134
201
210
214
218
222
219
223
202
206
215
9
207
211
220
224
203
225
204
208
212
216
213
217
221
205
209
51
60
64
68
72
113
117
121
105
109
126
135
139
143
147
188
192
196
180
184
Put the 5x5 squares in order of a 3x3 square

2
215
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
2
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
5
5
5
5
5
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
8
8
8
8
8
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
8
8
8
8
8
Magic 15x15 square consisting of 9 panmagic 5x5 squares

26
35
39
43
47
151
160
164
168
172
126
135
139
143
147
44
48
27
31
40
169
173
152
156
165
144
148
127
131
140
32
36
45
49
28
157
161
170
174
153
132
136
145
149
128
50
29
33
37
41
175
154
158
162
166
150
129
133
137
141
38
42
46
30
34
163
167
171
155
159
138
142
146
130
134
201
210
214
218
222
101
110
114
118
122
1
10
14
18
22
219
223
202
206
215
119
123
102
106
115
19
23
2
6
15
207
211
220
224
203
107
111
120
124
103
7
11
20
24
3
225
204
208
212
216
125
104
108
112
116
25
4
8
12
16
213
217
221
205
209
113
117
121
105
109
13
17
21
5
9
76
85
89
93
97
51
60
64
68
72
176
185
189
193
197
94
98
77
81
90
69
73
52
56
65
194
198
177
181
190
82
86
95
99
78
57
61
70
74
53
182
186
195
199
178
100
79
83
87
91
75
54
58
62
66
200
179
183
187
191
88
92
96
80
84
63
67
71
55
59
188
192
196
180
184
Method 3
We use again 9 panmagic 5x5 squares, but now we use 9 proportional panmagic 5x5 squares.
Proportional means that all 9 panmagic 5x5 squares give the same magic sum of (1/3 x 1695 = )
565.
We use the method to produce a panmagic 5x5 square. As column coordinates we use not the
digits 0 up to 4 but 0 up to (9x5 -/- 1 = ) 44 and we spread the column coordinates proportional
over the 9 panmagic 5x5 squares.
5 x column coordinate
2 12 22 32 42
+ 1x row coordinate + 1 = panmagic 5x5 square

0
216
11
62 113 164 215
22 32 42
2 12
42
2 12 22 32
12 22 32 42
2
32 42
2 12 22
3
1
4
2
4
2
0
3
0
3
1
4
1
4
2
0
2
0
3
1
114 165 211 12 63

212 13 64 115 161
65 111 162 213 14
163 214 15 61 112
7
21
41
10
31
10
31
7
21
41
21
41
10
31
7
31
7
21
41
10
41
10
31
7
21
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
36 52 108 159 210

109 160 206 37 53
207 38 54 110 156
55 106 157 208 39
158 209 40 51 107
5
18
40
17
30
17
30
5
18
40
18
40
17
30
5
30
5
18
40
17
40
17
30
5
18
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
26 87 93 154 205
94 155 201 27 88
202 28 89 95 151
90 91 152 203 29
153 204 30 86 92
4
26
37
16
27
16
27
4
26
37
26
37
16
27
4
27
4
26
37
16
37
16
27
4
26
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
21 82 133 139 190

134 140 186 22 83
187 23 84 135 136
85 131 137 188 24
138 189 25 81 132
1
25
36
13
35
13
35
1
25
36
25
36
13
35
1
35
1
25
36
13
36
13
35
1
25
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
6 67 128 179 185

129 180 181
7 68
182
8 69 130 176
70 126 177 183
9
178 184 10 66 127
0
24
38
14
34
14
34
0
24
38
24
38
14
34
0
34
0
24
38
14
38
14
34
0
24
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
1 72 123 174 195

124 175 191
2 73
192
3 74 125 171
75 121 172 193
4
173 194
5 71 122
8
19
39
11
33
11
33
8
19
39
19
39
11
33
8
33
8
19
39
11
39
11
33
8
19
0
3
1
4
2
1
4
2
0
3
2
0
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
0
4
2
0
3
1
41 57 98 169 200
99 170 196 42 58
197 43 59 100 166
60 96 167 198 44
168 199 45 56 97
6
23
43
9
29
3
20
44
9
29
6
23
43
15
28
3
23
43
9
29
6
20
44
15
29
6
23
43
9
28
3
20
43
9
29
6
23
44
15
28
0
3
1
4
2
0
3
1
1
4
2
0
3
1
4
2
2
0
3
1
4
2
0
3
3
1
4
2
0
3
1
4
4
2
0
3
1
4
2
0
31
119
217
50
148
16
104
222
217
47
150
33
116
219
77
145
18
118
216
49
147
35
103
221
79
149
32
120
218
46
144
17
105
220
48
146
34
117
225
78
141
15 20 28 44
3
28 44
3 15 20
4
2
0
3
1
4
2
0
3
1
80 101 142 223 19

143 224 20 76 102
Put the 9 panmagic 5x5 squares in random order together.

15x15 magic square containing 9 proportional panmagic 5x5 squares
11
114
212
65
163
21
134
187
85
138
41
99
197
60
168
62
165
13
111
214
82
140
23
131
189
57
170
43
96
199
113
211
64
162
15
133
186
84
137
25
98
196
59
167
45
164
12
115
213
61
139
22
135
188
81
169
42
100
198
56
215
63
161
14
112
190
83
136
24
132
200
58
166
44
97
36
109
207
55
158
6
129
182
70
178
31
119
217
50
148
52
160
38
106
209
67
180
8
126
184
47
150
33
116
219
108
206
54
157
40
128
181
69
177
10
118
216
49
147
35
159
37
110
208
51
179
7
130
183
66
149
32
120
218
46
210
53
156
39
107
185
68
176
9
127
220
48
146
34
117
26
94
202
90
153
1
124
192
75
173
16
104
222
80
143
87
155
28
91
204
72
175
3
121
194
77
145
18
101
224
93
201
89
152
30
123
191
74
172
5
103
221
79
142
20
154
27
95
203
86
174
2
125
193
71
144
17
105
223
76
205
88
151
29
92
195
73
171
4
122
225
78
141
19
102
Notify that each 1/3 row, 1/3 column and 1/3 diagonal gives 1/3 of the magic sum, that is (1/3 x
1695 =) 565.
218
[45] The perfect magic square

What is the perfect magic square?
The perfect magic square has not only the most magic features, but has also a perfect
composition.
Most magic features
The perfect magic square is a most perfect 16x16 magic square (= a perfect Franklin panmagic
16x16 square). Each row, column, diagonal and each 2x2 sub-square gives of the
magic sum ( of 2056 = 514). Each [parallell] [mirrored] [bent] complete diagonal, each pan
diagonal and each 4x4 sub-square gives the magic sum of 2056. Find also all kinds of symmetric
figures (from circles up to the complete alphabet).
Perfect composition
A (pure) 16x16 magic square consist of the following 16 sequences: 1 up to 16, 17 up to 32, 33
up to 48, , 241 up to 256. In each 4x4 sub-square you find 16 digits from the 16 different
sequences. Further you find the digits of a sequence in sequence (if you look vertical from the
four 4x4 sub-squares in the corners of the16x16 square).
1
240
52
221
2
239
51
222
3
238
50
223
4
237
49
224
116
157
65
176
115
158
66
175
114
159
67
174
113
160
68
173
205
36
256
17
206
35
255
18
207
34
254
19
208
33
253
20
192
81
141
100
191
82
142
99
190
83
143
98
189
84
144
97
5
236
56
217
6
235
55
218
7
234
54
219
8
233
53
220
120
153
69
172
119
154
70
171
118
155
71
170
117
156
72
169
201
40
252
21
202
39
251
22
203
38
250
23
204
37
249
24
188
85
137
104
187
86
138
103
186
87
139
102
185
88
140
101
9
232
60
213
10
231
59
214
11
230
58
215
12
229
57
216
124
149
73
168
123
150
74
167
122
151
75
166
121
152
76
165
197
44
248
25
198
43
247
26
199
42
246
27
200
41
245
28
219
184
89
133
108
183
90
134
107
182
91
135
106
181
92
136
105
13
228
64
209
14
227
63
210
15
226
62
211
16
225
61
212
128
145
77
164
127
146
78
163
126
147
79
162
125
148
80
161
193
48
244
29
194
47
243
30
195
46
242
31
196
45
241
32
180
93
129
112
179
94
130
111
178
95
131
110
177
96
132
109
1
240
52
221
2
239
51
222
3
238
50
223
4
237
49
224
116
157
65
176
115
158
66
175
114
159
67
174
113
160
68
173
205
36
256
17
206
35
255
18
207
34
254
19
208
33
253
20
192
81
141
100
191
82
142
99
190
83
143
98
189
84
144
97
5
236
56
217
6
235
55
218
7
234
54
219
8
233
53
220
120
153
69
172
119
154
70
171
118
155
71
170
117
156
72
169
201
40
252
21
202
39
251
22
203
38
250
23
204
37
249
24
188
85
137
104
187
86
138
103
186
87
139
102
185
88
140
101
9
232
60
213
10
231
59
214
11
230
58
215
12
229
57
216
124
149
73
168
123
150
74
167
122
151
75
166
121
152
76
165
197
44
248
25
198
43
247
26
199
42
246
27
200
41
245
28
184
89
133
108
183
90
134
107
182
91
135
106
181
92
136
105
13
228
64
209
14
227
63
210
15
226
62
211
16
225
61
212
128
145
77
164
127
146
78
163
126
147
79
162
125
148
80
161
193
48
244
29
194
47
243
30
195
46
242
31
196
45
241
32
180
93
129
112
179
94
130
111
178
95
131
110
177
96
132
109
1
240
52
221
2
239
51
222
3
238
50
223
4
237
49
224
116
157
65
176
115
158
66
175
114
159
67
174
113
160
68
173
205
36
256
17
206
35
255
18
207
34
254
19
208
33
253
20
192
81
141
100
191
82
142
99
190
83
143
98
189
84
144
97
5
236
56
217
6
235
55
218
7
234
54
219
8
233
53
220
120
153
69
172
119
154
70
171
118
155
71
170
117
156
72
169
201
40
252
21
202
39
251
22
203
38
250
23
204
37
249
24
188
85
137
104
187
86
138
103
186
87
139
102
185
88
140
101
9
232
60
213
10
231
59
214
11
230
58
215
12
229
57
216
124
149
73
168
123
150
74
167
122
151
75
166
121
152
76
165
197
44
248
25
198
43
247
26
199
42
246
27
200
41
245
28
184
89
133
108
183
90
134
107
182
91
135
106
181
92
136
105
13
228
64
209
14
227
63
210
15
226
62
211
16
225
61
212
128
145
77
164
127
146
78
163
126
147
79
162
125
148
80
161
193
48
244
29
194
47
243
30
195
46
242
31
196
45
241
32
180
93
129
112
179
94
130
111
178
95
131
110
177
96
132
109
220
1
240
52
221
2
239
51
222
3
238
50
223
4
237
49
224
116
157
65
176
115
158
66
175
114
159
67
174
113
160
68
173
205
36
256
17
206
35
255
18
207
34
254
19
208
33
253
20
192
81
141
100
191
82
142
99
190
83
143
98
189
84
144
97
5
236
56
217
6
235
55
218
7
234
54
219
8
233
53
220
120
153
69
172
119
154
70
171
118
155
71
170
117
156
72
169
201
40
252
21
202
39
251
22
203
38
250
23
204
37
249
24
188
85
137
104
187
86
138
103
186
87
139
102
185
88
140
101
9
232
60
213
10
231
59
214
11
230
58
215
12
229
57
216
124
149
73
168
123
150
74
167
122
151
75
166
121
152
76
165
197
44
248
25
198
43
247
26
199
42
246
27
200
41
245
28
184
89
133
108
183
90
134
107
182
91
135
106
181
92
136
105
13
228
64
209
14
227
63
210
15
226
62
211
16
225
61
212
128
145
77
164
127
146
78
163
126
147
79
162
125
148
80
161
193
48
244
29
194
47
243
30
195
46
242
31
196
45
241
32
180
93
129
112
179
94
130
111
178
95
131
110
177
96
132
109
1
240
52
221
2
239
51
222
3
238
50
223
4
237
49
224
116
157
65
176
115
158
66
175
114
159
67
174
113
160
68
173
205
36
256
17
206
35
255
18
207
34
254
19
208
33
253
20
192
81
141
100
191
82
142
99
190
83
143
98
189
84
144
97
5
236
56
217
6
235
55
218
7
234
54
219
8
233
53
220
120
153
69
172
119
154
70
171
118
155
71
170
117
156
72
169
201
40
252
21
202
39
251
22
203
38
250
23
204
37
249
24
188
85
137
104
187
86
138
103
186
87
139
102
185
88
140
101
9
232
60
213
10
231
59
214
11
230
58
215
12
229
57
216
124
149
73
168
123
150
74
167
122
151
75
166
121
152
76
165
197
44
248
25
198
43
247
26
199
42
246
27
200
41
245
28
184
89
133
108
183
90
134
107
182
91
135
106
181
92
136
105
13
228
64
209
14
227
63
210
15
226
62
211
16
225
61
212
128
145
77
164
127
146
78
163
126
147
79
162
125
148
80
161
193
48
244
29
194
47
243
30
195
46
242
31
196
45
241
32
180
93
129
112
179
94
130
111
178
95
131
110
177
96
132
109
Analysis (= proof)
Analysis gives proof that the perfect magic square is indeed perfect.
Start position of the transformation method
If you use the transformation method to transform the perfect magic square backwards, than you
get the following start position (see below). Notify that the 16 sequences as well as the 16 digits
of each sequence are in sequence (if you look vertical from top left to bottom right):
221
1
17
33
49
2
18
34
50
3
19
35
51
4
20
36
52
65
81
97
113
66
82
98
114
67
83
99
115
68
84
100
116
129
145
161
177
130
146
162
178
131
147
163
179
132
148
164
180
193
209
225
241
194
210
226
242
195
211
227
243
196
212
228
244
5
21
37
53
6
22
38
54
7
23
39
55
8
24
40
56
69
85
101
117
70
86
102
118
71
87
103
119
72
88
104
120
133
149
165
181
134
150
166
182
135
151
167
183
136
152
168
184
197
213
229
245
198
214
230
246
199
215
231
247
200
216
232
248
9
25
41
57
10
26
42
58
11
27
43
59
12
28
44
60
73
89
105
121
74
90
106
122
75
91
107
123
76
92
108
124
137
153
169
185
138
154
170
186
139
155
171
187
140
156
172
188
201
217
233
249
202
218
234
250
203
219
235
251
204
220
236
252
13
29
45
61
14
30
46
62
15
31
47
63
16
32
48
64
77
93
109
125
78
94
110
126
79
95
111
127
80
96
112
128
141
157
173
189
142
158
174
190
143
159
175
191
144
160
176
192
Basic patterns
See the basic patterns of the perfect magic square:
Row pattern (take 1x digit from the row pattern)
1
16
4
13
2
15
3
14
3
14
2
15
4
13
1
16
4
13
1
16
3
14
2
15
2
15
3
14
1
16
4
13
13
4
16
1
14
3
15
2
15
2
14
3
16
1
13
4
16
1
13
4
15
2
14
3
14
3
15
2
13
4
16
1
5
12
8
9
6
11
7
10
7
10
6
11
8
9
5
12
8
9
5
12
7
10
6
11
6
11
7
10
5
12
8
9
9
8
12
5
10
7
11
6
11
6
10
7
12
5
9
8
12
5
9
8
11
6
10
7
10
7
11
6
9
8
12
5
9
8
12
5
10
7
11
6
11
6
10
7
12
5
9
8
12
5
9
8
11
6
10
7
10
7
11
6
9
8
12
5
5
12
8
9
6
11
7
10
7
10
6
11
8
9
5
12
8
9
5
12
7
10
6
11
6
11
7
10
5
12
8
9
13
4
16
1
14
3
15
2
15
2
14
3
16
1
13
4
16
1
13
4
15
2
14
3
14
3
15
2
13
4
16
1
Column pattern (add [digit-1] x 16 from the column pattern)
222
1
16
4
13
2
15
3
14
3
14
2
15
4
13
1
16
4
13
1
16
3
14
2
15
2
15
3
14
1
16
4
13
205
221
237
253
206
222
238
254
207
223
239
255
208
224
240
256
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
1
15
4
14
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
8
10
5
11
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
13
3
16
2
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
12
6
9
7
Notify that the column pattern is 16x the 1st panmagic 4x4 basic square!!!
Sudoku patterns
See the perfect Sudoku patterns of the perfect magic square (if you take the digits 0 up to 255 in
stead of 1 up to 256):
1x digit
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
+ 4x digit
223
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
0
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
0
3
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
+ 16x digit
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
3
1
0
2
+ 64x digit
224
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
225
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1

Method 1
Take 1x a digit from the pattern with 3x3 the same magic 6x6 square and add 36x a [digit minus
1] from the same cell of the (6x6 blown up) pattern of a magic 3x3 square.
+1x digit from 3x3 the same magic 6x6 square
20
29
27
22
20
29
27
22
20
29
27
22
11
36
18
31
13
11
36
18
31
13
11
36
18
31
13
34
16
14
23
21
34
16
14
23
21
34
16
14
23
21
25
32
30
12
25
32
30
12
25
32
30
12
33
24
19
26
33
24
19
26
33
24
19
26
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
20
11
34
7
33
6
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
29
2
16
25
24
15
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
9
36
14
5
19
28
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
27
18
23
32
1
10
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
4
31
21
30
8
17
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
22
13
3
12
26
35
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
2
2
2
2
2
2
+36x [digit minus 1] from the (6x6 'blown up') magic 3x3 square
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
8
8
8
8
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
4
4
4
9
9
9
9
9
9
= magic 18x18 square (consisting of 9 magic 6x6 squares)
226
272
263
286
259
285
258
92
83
106
79
105
78
128
119
142
115
141
114
281
254
268
277
276
267
101
74
88
97
96
87
137
110
124
133
132
123
261
288
266
257
271
280
81
108
86
77
91
100
117
144
122
113
127
136
279
270
275
284
253
262
99
90
95
104
73
82
135
126
131
140
109
118
256
283
273
282
260
269
76
103
93
102
80
89
112
139
129
138
116
125
274
265
255
264
278
287
94
85
75
84
98
107
130
121
111
120
134
143
20
11
34
7
33
6
164
155
178
151
177
150
308
299
322
295
321
294
29
2
16
25
24
15
173
146
160
169
168
159
317
290
304
313
312
303
9
36
14
5
19
28
153
180
158
149
163
172
297
324
302
293
307
316
27
18
23
32
1
10
171
162
167
176
145
154
315
306
311
320
289
298
4
31
21
30
8
17
148
175
165
174
152
161
292
319
309
318
296
305
22
13
3
12
26
35
166
157
147
156
170
179
310
301
291
300
314
323
200
191
214
187
213
186
236
227
250
223
249
222
56
47
70
43
69
42
209
182
196
205
204
195
245
218
232
241
240
231
65
38
52
61
60
51
189
216
194
185
199
208
225
252
230
221
235
244
45
72
50
41
55
64
207
198
203
212
181
190
243
234
239
248
217
226
63
54
59
68
37
46
184
211
201
210
188
197
220
247
237
246
224
233
40
67
57
66
44
53
202
193
183
192
206
215
238
229
219
228
242
251
58
49
39
48
62
71
Method 2
First we make the 16x16 (inlay) square by combining digits from two patterns with the digits 1
up to 256 and (counting down from) 256 up to 1.
16x16 square with the digits 1 up to 256
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88
97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104
113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136
145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168
177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184
193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200
209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216
225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232
241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248
9
25
41
57
73
89
105
121
137
153
169
185
201
217
233
249
10
26
42
58
74
90
106
122
138
154
170
186
202
218
234
250
11
27
43
59
75
91
107
123
139
155
171
187
203
219
235
251
12
28
44
60
76
92
108
124
140
156
172
188
204
220
236
252
16x16 square with the digits (counting down from) 256 up to 1
227
13
29
45
61
77
93
109
125
141
157
173
189
205
221
237
253
14
30
46
62
78
94
110
126
142
158
174
190
206
222
238
254
15
31
47
63
79
95
111
127
143
159
175
191
207
223
239
255
16
32
48
64
80
96
112
128
144
160
176
192
208
224
240
256
256
240
224
208
192
176
160
144
128
112
96
80
64
48
32
16
255
239
223
207
191
175
159
143
127
111
95
79
63
47
31
15
254
238
222
206
190
174
158
142
126
110
94
78
62
46
30
14
253
237
221
205
189
173
157
141
125
109
93
77
61
45
29
13
252
236
220
204
188
172
156
140
124
108
92
76
60
44
28
12
251
235
219
203
187
171
155
139
123
107
91
75
59
43
27
11
250
234
218
202
186
170
154
138
122
106
90
74
58
42
26
10
249
233
217
201
185
169
153
137
121
105
89
73
57
41
25
9
248
232
216
200
184
168
152
136
120
104
88
72
56
40
24
8
247
231
215
199
183
167
151
135
119
103
87
71
55
39
23
7
246
230
214
198
182
166
150
134
118
102
86
70
54
38
22
6
245
229
213
197
181
165
149
133
117
101
85
69
53
37
21
5
244
228
212
196
180
164
148
132
116
100
84
68
52
36
20
4
243
227
211
195
179
163
147
131
115
99
83
67
51
35
19
3
242
226
210
194
178
162
146
130
114
98
82
66
50
34
18
2
241
225
209
193
177
161
145
129
113
97
81
65
49
33
17
1
= magic 16x16 square (as combination of the squares above)

1 255 254
4
5 251 250
8
9 247 246 12
240 18 19 237 236 22 23 233 232 26 27 229
224 34 35 221 220 38 39 217 216 42 43 213
49 207 206 52 53 203 202 56 57 199 198 60
65 191 190 68 69 187 186 72 73 183 182 76
176 82 83 173 172 86 87 169 168 90 91 165
160 98 99 157 156 102 103 153 152 106 107 149
113 143 142 116 117 139 138 120 121 135 134 124
129 127 126 132 133 123 122 136 137 119 118 140
112 146 147 109 108 150 151 105 104 154 155 101
96 162 163 93 92 166 167 89 88 170 171 85
177 79 78 180 181 75 74 184 185 71 70 188
193 63 62 196 197 59 58 200 201 55 54 204
48 210 211 45 44 214 215 41 40 218 219 37
32 226 227 29 28 230 231 25 24 234 235 21
241 15 14 244 245 11 10 248 249
7
6 252
13
228
212
61
77
164
148
125
141
100
84
189
205
36
20
253
243
30
46
195
179
94
110
131
115
158
174
67
51
222
238
3
242
31
47
194
178
95
111
130
114
159
175
66
50
223
239
2
16
225
209
64
80
161
145
128
144
97
81
192
208
33
17
256
Produce a concentric 18x18 magic square on website

http://users.eastlink.ca/~sharrywhite/BorderedMagicSquares.html, and use only the (grey
marked) border. Because the border consists of the digits 1 up to 34 (and 291 up to 324), you
need to add 34 to all digits of the 16x16 (inlay) square.
16x16 in 18x18 magic square
228
307
298
28
296
30
294
32
292
34
26
8
318
6
320
4
322
2
308
25
35
274
258
83
99
210
194
147
163
146
130
211
227
82
66
275
300
301
289
52
68
241
225
116
132
177
161
180
196
113
97
244
260
49
24
23
288
53
69
240
224
117
133
176
160
181
197
112
96
245
261
48
302
303
38
271
255
86
102
207
191
150
166
143
127
214
230
79
63
278
22
21
39
270
254
87
103
206
190
151
167
142
126
215
231
78
62
279
304
305
285
56
72
237
221
120
136
173
157
184
200
109
93
248
264
45
20
19
284
57
73
236
220
121
137
172
156
185
201
108
92
249
265
44
306
316
42
267
251
90
106
203
187
154
170
139
123
218
234
75
59
282
9
1
43
266
250
91
107
202
186
155
171
138
122
219
235
74
58
283
324
309
281
60
76
233
217
124
140
169
153
188
204
105
89
252
268
41
16
15
280
61
77
232
216
125
141
168
152
189
205
104
88
253
269
40
310
311
46
263
247
94
110
199
183
158
174
135
119
222
238
71
55
286
14
13
47
262
246
95
111
198
182
159
175
134
118
223
239
70
54
287
312
313
277
64
80
229
213
128
144
165
149
192
208
101
85
256
272
37
12
11
276
65
81
228
212
129
145
164
148
193
209
100
84
257
273
36
314
315
50
259
243
98
114
195
179
162
178
131
115
226
242
67
51
290
10
17
27
297
29
295
31
293
33
291
299
317
7
319
5
321
3
323
18
Method 3
The first grid is 9x the same magic 4x4 in 6x6 square. The second grid is fixed. Take 1x a digit
from the first grid and add 36x a digit from the same cell of the second grid.
1x digit from grid with 9x the same 4x4 in 6x6
1
34
32
29
34
32
29
34
32
29
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
31
28
36
31
28
36
31
28
36
34
32
29
34
32
29
34
32
29
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
31
28
36
31
28
36
31
28
36
34
32
29
34
32
29
34
32
29
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
35
11
18
23
22
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
33
25
20
13
16
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
27
14
15
26
19
10
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
24
21
12
17
30
31
28
36
31
28
36
31
28
36
+ 36x digit
8
229
= 18x18 magic square with 9x proportional 4x4 in 6x6

289
6 297
35 299
34 320
18 311
29 253
22 290
321
25 308
13 304
27
14 303
26 307 298
7 312
21 300
296 319
28 291
4 285
17 318
5
42 261
71 263
63
70 284
54 275
65 217
78 225 106 248 101
58 254 107 227
61 272
49 268
50 267
62 271 262
40 249
43 276
57 264
53 282
36 260 283
64 255
41
99
90 239
94 218
97 236
85 232
86 231
98 235 226
79 240
76
93 228
89 246
72 224 247 100 219
77 108
181 114 189 142 212 137 145 150 153 178 176 173 109 186 117 214 140 209
143 191 126 203 130 182 179 155 162 167 166 146 215 119 198 131 202 110
213 133 200 121 196 112 177 169 164 157 160 148 141 205 128 193 124 184
135 122 195 134 199 190 171 158 159 170 163 154 207 194 123 206 127 118
115 204 129 192 125 210 151 168 165 156 161 174 187 132 201 120 197 138
188 211 136 183 113 144 152 175 172 147 149 180 116 139 208 111 185 216
73 222
251
81 250 104 245
83 234
95 238
74 287
105 241
92 229
88 220
243 230
87 242
91
223
96 237
80 103 244
37 258
45 286
47 270
68 281
59 274
38 323
69 277
56 265
52 256
82 279 266
51 278
55
9 322
11 306
32 317
23 310
33 313
20 301
16 292
46 315 302
15 314
19
10
12 305
30
84 233 102 259
60 273
48 269
75 221 252
67 280
39 257 288
44
1 294
66 295
8
24 309
31 316
3 293 324
N.B.: Establish that each 1/3 row, each 1/3 column and each 1/3 diagonal gives 1/3 of the magic
sum.
You can use this method to produce multiples of 6 (= 12x12, 18x18, 24x24, 30x30, ). To
produce an extra magic 30x30 square: use 25x the same 4x4 in 6x6 magic square.
230
[47] Ultra panmagic 25x25 square

See on website http://mathsforeurope.digibel.be/magic.htm the following ultra panmagic 25x25
square:
ultra panmagic 25x25 square
1 443 235 547 339 283 100 387 179 616 565 352
157 599 261
53 495 439 226 543 335
313 105 417 209 521 595 257

469 131 573 365
22
44 456 148 217 509 321 113 405 499 161 578 270
91 383 200 612 279 373
74 486 153 247 539 326
27 121 413 205 517 309 253
57
40 452 144 556 505 317 109 421 213
18 435 379 191 608 300
70 482 174 586 535 347
87
31 473 140 552 369
14 426 243 187 604 291
83 400
625 287
79 391 183 127 569 356
48 465 409 221 513 305 117
61 478 170 582 274 343
587 254
66 483 175 244 531 348
15 427 396 188 605 292
28 470 132 574 361 310 122 414 201 518
118 410 222 514 301 275

149 561 353
280
62 479 166 583 527 344
45 457 401 218 510 322 114
92 384 196 613 557 374
431 248 540 327
84
6 448 240 184 621 288
58 500 162 579 266 340
10 447 239 526
80 392 461 128 570 357
2 444 231 548 617 284
36 453 145 214 501 318 110 422 491 158 600 262
54
49
96 388 180
23 440 227 544 331
19
88 380 192 609 296 370
32 474 136 553 522 314 101 418 210 154 591 258
75 487
423 215 502 319 106
55 492 159 596 263 332
24 436 228 545 614 276
37 454
554 366
33 475 137 206 523 315 102 419 488 155 592 259
85 397 189 601 293 362

236 528 345
71
93 385 197 141 558 375
20 432 249 536 328 297
29 466 133 575 519 306 123 415 202 171 588 255
7 449 393 185 622 289
76
67 484 428 245 532 349
50 462 129 566 358 302 119 406 223 515 584 271
267
59 496 163 580 549 336
3 445 232 176 618 285
97 389 458 150 562 354
359
46 463 130 567 511 303 120 407 224 168 585 272
64 476 450 237 529 341
390 177 619 281

541 333
98
42 459 146 563 355 324 111 403 220 507 576 268
25 437 229 198 615 277
72 489 151 593 260 329
89 376 193 610
94 381 455 142 559 371
16 433 250 537 606 298
41 115 402 219 506 323

8
77 394 181 623 290
60 497 164 233 550 337
38 107 424 211 503 320 264
90 377 194 138 555 367
11
63 480 167
4 441
51 493 160 597
34 471 420 207 524 311 103
203 520 307 124 411 485 172 589 251
68
12 429 241 533 350 294
81 398 190 602 571 363
30 467 134
195 607 299
35 104 416 208 525 312 256
73 490 152 594 538 330
17 434 246
346
86 378 472 139 551 368
13 430 242 534 603 295
477 169 581 273
65
82 399 186 135 572 364
9 446 238 530 342 286
508 325 112 404 216 165 577 269
26 468 412 204 516 308 125
78 395 182 624 568 360
56 498 442 234 546 338
39 451 143 560 372 316 108 425 212 504 598 265
69 481 173 590 252
47 464 126 225 512 304 116 408
99 386 178 620 282 351
52 494 156 230 542 334
43 460 147 564
21 438 382 199 611 278
95
The square is ultra panmagic, because the sum of the digits of each 1/5 row, 1/5 column and 1/5
diagonal is 1565; that is 1/5 of the magic sum of 7825.
You can split up the square in row- and column coordinates (see explanation in chapter [13]
panmagic 5x5 square, explanation):
231
Row coordinates
0
6
12
18
24
11
17
23
4
5
22
3
9
10
16
8
14
15
21
2
19
20
1
7
13
17
23
4
5
11
3
9
10
16
22
14
15
21
2
8
20
1
7
13
19
6
12
18
24
0
9
10
16
22
3
15
21
2
8
14
1
7
13
19
20
12
18
24
0
6
23
4
5
11
17
21
2
8
14
15
7
13
19
20
1
18
24
0
6
12
4
5
11
17
23
10
16
22
3
9
13
19
20
1
7
24
0
6
12
18
5
11
17
23
4
16
22
3
9
10
2
8
14
15
21
7
13
19
20
1
18
24
0
6
12
4
5
11
17
23
10
16
22
3
9
21
2
8
14
15
24
0
6
12
18
5
11
17
23
4
16
22
3
9
10
2
8
14
15
21
13
19
20
1
7
11
17
23
4
5
22
3
9
10
16
8
14
15
21
2
19
20
1
7
13
0
6
12
18
24
3
9
10
16
22
14
15
21
2
8
20
1
7
13
19
6
12
18
24
0
17
23
4
5
11
15
21
2
8
14
1
7
13
19
20
12
18
24
0
6
23
4
5
11
17
9
10
16
22
3
14
15
21
2
8
20
1
7
13
19
6
12
18
24
0
17
23
4
5
11
3
9
10
16
22
1
7
13
19
20
12
18
24
0
6
23
4
5
11
17
9
10
16
22
3
15
21
2
8
14
18
24
0
6
12
4
5
11
17
23
10
16
22
3
9
21
2
8
14
15
7
13
19
20
1
232
5
11
17
23
4
16
22
3
9
10
2
8
14
15
21
13
19
20
1
7
24
0
6
12
18
22
3
9
10
16
8
14
15
21
2
19
20
1
7
13
0
6
12
18
24
11
17
23
4
5
16
22
3
9
10
2
8
14
15
21
13
19
20
1
7
24
0
6
12
18
5
11
17
23
4
8
14
15
21
2
19
20
1
7
13
0
6
12
18
24
11
17
23
4
5
22
3
9
10
16
20
1
7
13
19
6
12
18
24
0
17
23
4
5
11
3
9
10
16
22
14
15
21
2
8
12
18
24
0
6
23
4
5
11
17
9
10
16
22
3
15
21
2
8
14
1
7
13
19
20
4
5
11
17
23
10
16
22
3
9
21
2
8
14
15
7
13
19
20
1
18
24
0
6
12
23
4
5
11
17
9
10
16
22
3
15
21
2
8
14
1
7
13
19
20
12
18
24
0
6
10
16
22
3
9
21
2
8
14
15
7
13
19
20
1
18
24
0
6
12
4
5
11
17
23
2
8
14
15
21
13
19
20
1
7
24
0
6
12
18
5
11
17
23
4
16
22
3
9
10
19
20
1
7
13
0
6
12
18
24
11
17
23
4
5
22
3
9
10
16
8
14
15
21
2
6
12
18
24
0
17
23
4
5
11
3
9
10
16
22
14
15
21
2
8
20
1
7
13
19
Column coordinates
0
6
12
18
24
23
4
5
11
17
16
22
3
9
10
14
15
21
2
8
7
13
19
20
1
17
23
4
5
11
10
16
22
3
9
8
14
15
21
2
1
7
13
19
20
24
0
6
12
18
9
10
16
22
3
2
8
14
15
21
20
1
7
13
19
18
24
0
6
12
11
17
23
4
5
21
2
8
14
15
19
20
1
7
13
12
18
24
0
6
5
11
17
23
4
3
9
10
16
22
13
19
20
1
7
6
12
18
24
0
4
5
11
17
23
22
3
9
10
16
15
21
2
8
14
11
17
23
4
5
9
10
16
22
3
2
8
14
15
21
20
1
7
13
19
18
24
0
6
12
3
9
10
16
22
21
2
8
14
15
19
20
1
7
13
12
18
24
0
6
5
11
17
23
4
15
21
2
8
14
13
19
20
1
7
6
12
18
24
0
4
5
11
17
23
22
3
9
10
16
7
13
19
20
1
0
6
12
18
24
23
4
5
11
17
16
22
3
9
10
14
15
21
2
8
24
0
6
12
18
17
23
4
5
11
10
16
22
3
9
8
14
15
21
2
1
7
13
19
20
22
3
9
10
16
15
21
2
8
14
13
19
20
1
7
6
12
18
24
0
4
5
11
17
23
14
15
21
2
8
7
13
19
20
1
0
6
12
18
24
23
4
5
11
17
16
22
3
9
10
1
7
13
19
20
24
0
6
12
18
17
23
4
5
11
10
16
22
3
9
8
14
15
21
2
18
24
0
6
12
11
17
23
4
5
9
10
16
22
3
2
8
14
15
21
20
1
7
13
19
5
11
17
23
4
3
9
10
16
22
21
2
8
14
15
19
20
1
7
13
12
18
24
0
6
8
14
15
21
2
1
7
13
19
20
24
0
6
12
18
17
23
4
5
11
10
16
22
3
9
20
1
7
13
19
18
24
0
6
12
11
17
23
4
5
9
10
16
22
3
2
8
14
15
21
12
18
24
0
6
5
11
17
23
4
3
9
10
16
22
21
2
8
14
15
19
20
1
7
13
4
5
11
17
23
22
3
9
10
16
15
21
2
8
14
13
19
20
1
7
6
12
18
24
0
16
22
3
9
10
14
15
21
2
8
7
13
19
20
1
0
6
12
18
24
23
4
5
11
17
19
20
1
7
13
12
18
24
0
6
5
11
17
23
4
3
9
10
16
22
21
2
8
14
15
6
12
18
24
0
4
5
11
17
23
22
3
9
10
16
15
21
2
8
14
13
19
20
1
7
23
4
5
11
17
16
22
3
9
10
14
15
21
2
8
7
13
19
20
1
0
6
12
18
24
10
16
22
3
9
8
14
15
21
2
1
7
13
19
20
24
0
6
12
18
17
23
4
5
11
2
8
14
15
21
20
1
7
13
19
18
24
0
6
12
11
17
23
4
5
9
10
16
22
3
The two 25x25 squares with the row- and the column coordinates start in the top left corner with
the same panmagic 5x5 square. All 24 other 5x5 squares are (24 different) over the 2x2 carpet
shifted versions of the same panmagic 5x5 square.
2x2 carpet of the 5x5 panmagic basic square
233
1
2
3
4
5
1
0
6
12
18
24
0
6
12
18
24
2
17
23
4
5
11
17
23
4
5
11
3
9
10
16
22
3
9
10
16
22
3
4
21
2
8
14
15
21
2
8
14
15
5
13
19
20
1
7
13
19
20
1
7
0
6
12
18
24
0
6
12
18
24
17
23
4
5
11
17
23
4
5
11
9
10
16
22
3
9
10
16
22
3
21
2
8
14
15
21
2
8
14
15
13
19
20
1
7
13
19
20
1
7
Analysis of the starting positions (= digit in the top left corner) of the shifted panmagic 5x5
squares gives the following patterns:
Analysis of starting positions of the 25x25 square with row coordinates:
Comb. column-/row coord. Column coordinates Row coordinates
1,1
2,5
3,4
4,3
5,2
5,5
1,4
2,3
3,2
4,1
4,4
5,3
1,2
2,1
3,5
3,3
4,2
5,1
1,5
2,4
2,2
3,1
4,5
5,4
1,3
1
2
3
4
5
5
1
2
3
4
4
5
1
2
3
3
4
5
1
2
2
3
4
5
1
1
5
4
3
2
5
4
3
2
1
4
3
2
1
5
3
2
1
5
4
2
1
5
4
3
Analysis of starting positions of the 25x25 square with column coordinates:

Comb. column-/row cord. Column coordinates Row coordinates
1,1
2,2
3,3
4,4
5,5
2,5
3,1
4,2
5,3
1,4
3,4
4,5
5,1
1,2
2,3
4,3
5,4
1,5
2,1
3,2
5,2
1,3
2,4
3,5
4,1
1
2
3
4
5
2
3
4
5
1
3
4
5
1
2
4
5
1
2
3
5
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
5
5
1
2
3
4
4
5
1
2
3
3
4
5
1
2
2
3
4
5
1
You can use each panmagic 5x5 square (see chapter [10] panmagic 5x5 square) as basic square
(= 5x5 square in the top left corner of the two 25x25 squares with the row- and the column
coordinates). The 24 other 5x5 squares in the two 25x25 squares with the row- and column
coordinates are (24 different) shifted versions of the (5x5) basic square. Use the above mentioned
starting positions.
234
Use 25x the same ultra magic 5x5 square to produce a (real) ultra magic
25x25 square
Take as first grid 5x5 the same (not shifted) version of the ultra panmagic 5x5 square and take as
second grid the shifted versions of the ultra panmagic 5x5 square.
1x digit from ultra panmagic 5x5 square
1
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
3
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
3
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
15
22
18
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
23
19
12
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
10
13
24
16
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
14
21
20
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
17
11
25
235
+ 25x digit from shifted versions of ultra panmagic 5x5 square

24
7
11
18
5
5
24
7
11
16
3
25
9
12
12
16
3
25
10
14
17
1
23
23
10
14
17
2
21
8
15
19
19
2
21
8
13
20
4
22
6
6
13
20
4
16
3
25
9
12
12
16
3
25
10
14
17
1
23
23
10
14
17
2
21
8
15
19
19
2
21
8
13
20
4
22
6
6
13
20
4
24
7
11
18
5
5
24
7
11
10
14
17
1
23
23
10
14
17
2
21
8
15
19
19
2
21
8
13
20
4
22
6
6
13
20
4
24
7
11
18
5
5
24
7
11
16
3
25
9
12
12
16
3
25
2
21
8
15
19
19
2
21
8
13
20
4
22
6
6
13
20
4
24
7
11
18
5
5
24
7
11
16
3
25
9
12
12
16
3
25
10
14
17
1
23
23
10
14
17
13
20
4
22
6
6
13
20
4
24
7
11
18
5
5
24
7
11
16
3
25
9
12
12
16
3
25
10
14
17
1
23
23
10
14
17
2
21
8
15
19
19
2
21
8
18
18
5
24
7
9
9
12
16
3
1
1
23
10
14
15
15
19
2
21
22
22
6
13
20
9
9
12
16
3
1
1
23
10
14
15
15
19
2
21
22
22
6
13
20
18
18
5
24
7
1
1
23
10
14
15
15
19
2
21
22
22
6
13
20
18
18
5
24
7
9
9
12
16
3
15
15
19
2
21
22
22
6
13
20
18
18
5
24
7
9
9
12
16
3
1
1
23
10
14
22
22
6
13
20
18
18
5
24
7
9
9
12
16
3
1
1
23
10
14
15
15
19
2
21
11
11
18
5
24
7
7
11
18
5
24
25
25
9
12
16
3
3
25
9
12
16
17
17
1
23
10
14
14
17
1
23
10
8
8
15
19
2
21
21
8
15
19
2
4
4
22
6
13
20
20
4
22
6
13
25
25
9
12
16
3
3
25
9
12
16
17
17
1
23
10
14
14
17
1
23
10
8
8
15
19
2
21
21
8
15
19
2
4
4
22
6
13
20
20
4
22
6
13
11
11
18
5
24
7
7
11
18
5
24
17
17
1
23
10
14
14
17
1
23
10
8
8
15
19
2
21
21
8
15
19
2
4
4
22
6
13
20
20
4
22
6
13
11
11
18
5
24
7
7
11
18
5
24
25
25
9
12
16
3
3
25
9
12
16
8
8
15
19
2
21
21
8
15
19
2
4
4
22
6
13
20
20
4
22
6
13
11
11
18
5
24
7
7
11
18
5
24
25
25
9
12
16
3
3
25
9
12
16
17
17
1
23
10
14
14
17
1
23
10
4
4
22
6
13
20
20
4
22
6
13
11
11
18
5
24
7
7
11
18
5
24
25
25
9
12
16
3
3
25
9
12
16
17
17
1
23
10
14
14
17
1
23
10
8
8
15
19
2
21
21
8
15
19
2
236
= Ultra panmagic 25x25 square

576
173
260
439
117
101
598
160
264
390
69
602
221
283
290
394
52
621
247
331
413
20
554
572
231
338
420
43
505
199
357
461
468
30
524
182
309
487
91
528
150
134
312
491
78
376
73
610
214
292
276
398
60
614
240
344
402
21
558
565
244
327
421
47
506
188
370
454
472
31
513
195
318
480
99
532
136
143
305
499
82
584
162
266
428
125
109
587
166
253
226
348
410
14
567
551
248
335
414
40
519
177
371
458
465
44
502
196
322
481
88
545
129
147
306
488
95
593
155
274
432
111
118
580
174
257
384
62
616
203
300
284
387
66
603
26
523
185
364
467
451
48
510
189
315
494
77
546
133
140
319
477
96
597
156
263
445
104
122
581
163
270
393
55
624
207
286
293
380
74
607
234
337
416
3
575
559
237
341
403
301
498
85
539
142
126
323
485
89
590
169
252
446
108
115
594
152
271
397
56
613
220
279
297
381
63
620
243
330
424
7
561
568
230
349
407
34
512
191
353
475
459
37
516
178
442 208
4 361 550 217
8 354 536 450 17 358 529 436 225 367 533 429 211 25 542 433 204 11 375
426 215 22 368 534 201 15 372 543 434
1 365 547 443 209 351 540 447 218
9 526 440 222 18 359
123 294 556 455 137 298 569 456 130 112 573 469 131 105 287 473 144 106 280 562 148 119 281 555 462
585
164
267
251
448
110
589
167
151
273
435
114
592
377
71
608
615
219
277
396
58
65
619
202
296
383
238
345
404
422
6
563
245
329
347
406
13
570
229
49
507
186
193
355
474
32
511
518
180
374
457
36
316
478
100
84
537
141
303
500
484
87
541
128
325
385
64
617
601
223
285
389
67
51
623
210
289
392
227
346
408
415
19
552
246
333
340
419
2
571
233
38
520
179
197
356
463
45
504
522
181
363
470
29
324
482
86
93
530
149
307
486
493
80
549
132
311
591
153
275
259
437
116
578
175
159
262
441
103
600
235
339
417
401
23
560
239
342
326
423
10
564
242
27
521
183
190
369
452
46
508
515
194
352
471
33
313
495
79
97
531
138
320
479
497
81
538
145
304
599
157
261
268
430
124
582
161
168
255
449
107
586
391
53
625
609
212
291
378
75
59
612
216
278
400
35
514
192
176
373
460
39
517
501
198
360
464
42
302
496
83
90
544
127
321
483
490
94
527
146
308
588
170
254
272
431
113
595
154
172
256
438
120
579
399
57
611
618
205
299
382
61
68
605
224
282
386
241
328
425
409
12
566
228
350
334
412
16
553
250
310
489
92
76
548
135
314
492
476
98
535
139
317
577
171
258
265
444
102
596
158
165
269
427
121
583
388
70
604
622
206
288
395
54
72
606
213
295
379
N.B.: Establish that the magic square is symmetric (the sum of two digits is 2 x 313 = 626).
237
249
332
411
418
5
574
232
336
343
405
24
557
236
41
503
200
184
362
466
28
525
509
187
366
453
50

A 27x27 square is a multiple of 3 (and the size is no odd square), but still panmagic 27x27
squares exist. See below a method of construction (do not fill in the digits 1 up to 27, but fill in
the digits 0 up to 26, because it is easier to calculate with).
Produce first 1/3 of the first row (27 / 3 = 9 digits). Take for example the digits 0 up to 8 in the
same sequence. Then produce 1/3 of the second row with the digits 9 up to 17 and 1/3 of the third
row with the digits 18 up to 26. The sum of each (1/9) column must be ([0 t/m 26] / 9 = ) 39.
1/3 of 1st/2nd/3rd row (sum 1/9 column is 39)
0
17
22
39
1
15
23
39
2
16
21
39
3
10
26
39
4
11
24
39
5
9
25
39
6
14
19
39
7
12
20
39
8
13
18
39
Then finish the first three rows by using the same 1/3 rows in a different sequence of (top down )
2-3-1 and 3-1-2.
First three rows of the 1st square
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 15 16 10 11 9 14 12 13 22 23 21 26 24 25 19 20 18
17 15 16 10 11 9 14 12 13 22 23 21 26 24 25 19 20 18 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
22 23 21 26 24 25 19 20 18 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17 15 16 10 11 9 14 12 13
Copy the first three rows to the bottom until the square has been filled completely. The 1st square
consist of row coordinates.
238
1st square with the row coordinates (take a digit [x 1])

0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
22
0
17
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
23
1
15
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
21
2
16
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
26
3
10
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
24
4
11
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
25
5
9
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
19
6
14
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
20
7
12
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
18
8
13
Produce the 2nd square with the column coordinates by rotating the 1st square by a quarter turn to
the right and by mirroring (verticaly).
2nd square with the column coordinates (take a digit x 27 + 1)
239
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
22
23
21
26
24
25
19
20
18
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
17
15
16
10
11
9
14
12
13
Take a digit from the 1st square and add a digit multiplied by 27 from the same cell of the 2nd
square and add 1. You have produced the below mentioned panmagic 27x27 square.
Panmagic 27x27 square

1
461 597
464 600
467 603
18
475 611
11
471 604
240
15
472 608
23
483 616
27
484 620
20
480 613
45
421 638
38
417 631
42
418 635
50
429 643
54
430 647
47
426 640
28
407 624
31
410 627
34
413 630
77
456 589
81
457 593
74
453 586
55
434 570
58
437 573
61
440 576
72
448 584
65
444 577
69
445 581
82
272 705
85
275 708
88
278 711
99
286 719
92
282 712
96
283 716 104 294 724 108 295 728 101 291 721
126 313 665 119 309 658 123 310 662 131 321 670 135 322 674 128 318 667 109 299 651 112 302 654 115 305 657
158 267 697 162 268 701 155 264 694 136 245 678 139 248 681 142 251 684 153 259 692 146 255 685 150 256 689
163 380 516 166 383 519 169 386 522 180 394 530 173 390 523 177 391 527 185 402 535 189 403 539 182 399 532
207 340 557 200 336 550 204 337 554 212 348 562 216 349 566 209 345 559 190 326 543 193 329 546 196 332 549
239 375 508 243 376 512 236 372 505 217 353 489 220 356 492 223 359 495 234 367 503 227 363 496 231 364 500
460 596
463 599
466 602
477 610
17
470 606
10
474 607
14
482 618
22
486 619
26
479 615
19
423 637
44
416 633
37
420 634
41
428 645
49
432 646
53
425 642
46
406 623
30
409 626
33
412 629
36
455 591
76
459 592
80
452 588
73
433 569
57
436 572
60
439 575
63
450 583
71
443 579
64
447 580
68
271 704
84
274 707
87
277 710
90
288 718
98
281 714
91
285 715
95
293 726 103 297 727 107 290 723 100
315 664 125 308 660 118 312 661 122 320 672 130 324 673 134 317 669 127 298 650 111 301 653 114 304 656 117
266 699 157 270 700 161 263 696 154 244 677 138 247 680 141 250 683 144 261 691 152 254 687 145 258 688 149
379 515 165 382 518 168 385 521 171 396 529 179 389 525 172 393 526 176 401 537 184 405 538 188 398 534 181
342 556 206 335 552 199 339 553 203 347 564 211 351 565 215 344 561 208 325 542 192 328 545 195 331 548 198
374 510 238 378 511 242 371 507 235 352 488 219 355 491 222 358 494 225 369 502 233 362 498 226 366 499 230
595
462 598
465 601
468 612
16
476 605
12
469 609
13
473 617
24
481 621
25
485 614
21
478
639
43
422 632
39
415 636
40
419 644
51
427 648
52
431 641
48
424 622
29
408 625
32
411 628
35
414
590
78
454 594
79
458 587
75
451 568
56
435 571
59
438 574
62
441 585
70
449 578
66
442 582
67
446
703
83
273 706
86
276 709
89
279 720
97
287 713
93
280 717
94
284 725 105 292 729 106 296 722 102 289
666 124 314 659 120 307 663 121 311 671 132 319 675 133 323 668 129 316 649 110 300 652 113 303 655 116 306
698 159 265 702 160 269 695 156 262 676 137 246 679 140 249 682 143 252 693 151 260 686 147 253 690 148 257
514 164 381 517 167 384 520 170 387 531 178 395 524 174 388 528 175 392 536 186 400 540 187 404 533 183 397
558 205 341 551 201 334 555 202 338 563 213 346 567 214 350 560 210 343 541 191 327 544 194 330 547 197 333
509 240 373 513 241 377 506 237 370 487 218 354 490 221 357 493 224 360 504 232 368 497 228 361 501 229 365
Thanks to website http://home.earthlink.net/~dwanecampbell/ternary.html
241
Use 3x3 the same ultra magic 9x9 square to produce an ultra magic 27x27
square
Take 1x digit from 3x3 the same ultra panmagic 9x9 square add 81x digit from the first fixed grid
and add 243x digit from the second fixed grid.
Take 1x digit from 3x3 the same ultra magic 9x9 square
1
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
68
54
70
47
66
49
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
44
21
58
37
23
63
42
25
56
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
78
34
11
80
30
13
73
32
18
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
46
72
51
65
53
67
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
62
39
22
55
41
27
60
43
20
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
15
79
29
17
75
31
10
77
36
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
64
50
69
52
71
48
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
26
57
40
19
59
45
24
61
38
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
33
16
74
35
12
76
28
14
81
242
+ 81x digit from first fixed grid

1
+ 243x digit from second fixed grid

1
243
= Ultra magic 27x27 square

325 716 54 249 637 209 413 552 130 244 635 216 411 556 128 332 714 49 406 554 135 330 718 47 251 633 211
692 21 382 604 185 306 528 106 461 611 183 301 523 104 468 690 25 380 530 102 463 685 23 387 609 187 299
78 358 659 242 273 580 154 437 504 240 277 578 161 435 499 73 356 666 159 439 497 80 354 661 235 275 585
244
127 410 558 51 331 713 215 246 634 46 329 720 213 250 632 134 408 553 208 248 639 132 412 551 53 327 715
467 525 103 379 689 27 303 610 182 386 687 22 298 608 189 465 529 101 305 606 184 460 527 108 384 691 20
501 160 434 665 75 355 577 239 279 663 79 353 584 237 274 496 158 441 582 241 272 503 156 436 658 77 360
631 212 252 555 133 407 719 48 328 550 131 414 717 52 326 638 210 247 712 50 333 636 214 245 557 129 409
188 300 607 100 464 531 24 385 686 107 462 526 19 383 693 186 304 605 26 381 688 181 302 612 105 466 524
276 583 236 440 498 157 352 662 81 438 502 155 359 660 76 271 581 243 357 664 74 278 579 238 433 500 162
82 473 540
394 695 170 309 616
392 702 168 313 614 89 471 535 163 311 621 87 475 533
390 697
449 507 139 361 671 63 285 592 218 368 669 58 280 590 225 447 511 137 287 588 220 442 509 144 366 673 56
564 115 416 728 30 337 640 194 261 726 34 335 647 192 256 559 113 423 645 196 254 566 111 418 721 32 342
613 167 315 537 88 470 701
391 532 86 477 699
389 620 165 310 694
396 618 169 308 539 84 472
224 282 589 136 446 513 60 367 668 143 444 508 55 365 675 222 286 587 62 363 670 217 284 594 141 448 506
258 646 191 422 561 112 334 725 36 420 565 110 341 723 31 253 644 198 339 727 29 260 642 193 415 563 117
388 698
312 619 164 476 534 85 307 617 171 474 538 83 395 696
469 536 90 393 700
314 615 166
674 57 364 586 221 288 510 142 443 593 219 283 505 140 450 672 61 362 512 138 445 667 59 369 591 223 281
33 340 722 197 255 643 109 419 567 195 259 641 116 417 562 28 338 729 114 421 560 35 336 724 190 257 648
568 230 297 492 151 452 656 66 373 487 149 459 654 70 371 575 228 292 649 68 378 573 232 290 494 147 454
206 264 625 118 428 549 42 349 704 125 426 544 37 347 711 204 268 623 44 345 706 199 266 630 123 430 542
321 601 173 485 516 94 397 680 18 483 520 92 404 678 13 316 599 180 402 682 11 323 597 175 478 518 99
370 653 72 294 574 227 458 489 148 289 572 234 456 493 146 377 651 67 451 491 153 375 655 65 296 570 229
710 39 346 622 203 270 546 124 425 629 201 265 541 122 432 708 43 344 548 120 427 703 41 351 627 205 263
15 403 677 179 318 598 91 482 522 177 322 596 98 480 517 10 401 684 96 484 515 17 399 679 172 320 603
145 455 495 69 376 650 233 291 571 64 374 657 231 295 569 152 453 490 226 293 576 150 457 488 71 372 652
431 543 121 343 707 45 267 628 200 350 705 40 262 626 207 429 547 119 269 624 202 424 545 126 348 709 38
519 97 479 683 12 400 595 176 324 681 16 398 602 174 319 514 95 486 600 178 317 521 93 481 676 14 405
245

You can use a panmagic 5x5 square and a panmagic 7x7 square to produce a panmagic 35x35
square (how to produce a
panmagic 5x5 and/or a panmagic 7x7 square, see chapter [12] 5x5 panmagic square
-
Make a 7x7 carpet of a panmagic 5x5 square;

Make a 5x5 carpet of a panmagic 7x7 square;
Take [digit -/- 1] x 49 from the first carpet and add (1x) the digit from the same cell of the
second carpet.
Take [digit -/- 1] x 49 from 7x7 carpet of a pan magic 5x5 square
1
13
14
20
21
22
10
11
17
18
24
19
25
13
14
20
21
15
16
22
23
10
11
17
12
18
24
19
25
13
14
20
21
15
16
22
23
10
11
17
12
18
24
19
25
13
14
20
21
15
16
22
23
10
11
17
12
18
24
19
25
13
14
20
21
15
16
22
23
10
11
17
12
18
24
19
25
13
14
20
21
15
16
22
23
10
11
17
12
18
24
19
25
13
19
25
14
20
21
15
16
22
15
16
23
10
11
17
23
12
18
24
12
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
8
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
13
19
25
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
14
20
21
8
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
16
22
15
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
10
11
17
23
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
18
24
12
246
+ 1x digit from 5x5 carpet of a pan magic 7x7 square

1
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
17
25
33
41
49
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
20
28
29
37
45
12
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
32
40
48
16
24
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
44
11
19
27
35
36
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
14
15
23
31
39
47
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
26
34
42
43
10
18
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
38
46
13
21
22
30
247
= pan magic 35x35 square

1
657
303
605
959 1009
1061
138
440
485
493
847 1142
907 1209
86
693
388
41
641
343
589
943 1000
891 1193
77
327
629
976
984
61
783 1036
106
408
710
517
743 1045
122
424
795 1097
174
476
526
828 1081
158
460
219
276
578
880 1133
210
260
562
864 1166
925 1178
614
916 1218
819 1114
191
444
501
243
251
553
848 1150
598
900 1202
985
62
1030
107
409
711
768 1070
147
393
752 1054
131
433
461
518
813 1115
192
445
502
804 1106
176
478
535
788 1090
244
252
547
849 1151
228
285
587
840 1135
212
269
599
901 1203
885 1187
623
918 1220
865 1167
44
651
297
946 1003
937
994
64
116
418
720
789 1091
168
463
520
213
270
572
874 1176
617
919 1221
434
479
536
834 1136
20
669
322
971 1028
1073
101
403
455
505
859 1161
729
56
705
351
152
454
511
197
254
556
858 1160
608
910 1205
955 1012
222
279
581
876 1129
928 1181
843 1145
895 1197
74
1049
126
421
723
473
530
832 1085
207
264
611
913 1215
965 1022
92
719
821 1123
151
453
571
873 1175
203
253
555
857 1159
607
909 1211
390
57
713
831 1084
161
456
513
206
263
565
867 1169
610
912 1214
359
714
764 1066
143
396
755 1057
127
429
195
448
498
800 1102
179
481
538
791 1086
566
868 1163
240
248
550
852 1154
231
281
583
836 1138
215
272
602
897 1199
888 1190
619
921 1223
345
47
647
300
949 1006
83
31
333
635
680
933
990
67
716
369
15
671
317
563
893 1195
926 1179
615
917 1212
973 1023
731
51
676
978
986
63
108
410
712
830 1083
160
462
512
205
262
564
866 1168
616
911 1213
97
697
350
45
645
298
96
349
141
394
696
753
814 1116
193
446
503
805 1100
177
245
246
548
850 1152
588
600
902 1204
633
886 1188
988
65
367
117
419
721
771
790 1092
162
464
521
823 1125
153
214
271
573
875 1170
198
255
557
618
920 1222
609
904 1206
799 1101
178
480
537
230
287
582
835 1137
887 1189
730
30
332
634
686
932
989
66
739 1041
118
420
715
772 1074
102
404
763 1058
135
437
163
465
522
824 1126
154
449
506
808 1110
187
489
497
574
869 1171
199
256
558
860 1162
232
289
542
844 1146
223
280
575
603
905 1207
896 1191
929 1182
384
353
6
655
308
957 1014
91
386
670
972 1029
50
706
39
341
594
639
941
998
75
724
352
377
5
654
307
956 1013
90
392
690
747
792 1094
171
23
325
627
679
974
982
59
361
397
756 1051
128
430
740 1042
119
414
773 1075
103
405
757 1059
136
438
748 1050
120
422
781 1034
111
413
708
765
499
801 1103
180
482
539
785 1087
164
466
523
825 1127
148
450
507
809 1111
188
490
491
793 1095
172
474
531
833 1079
156
458
515
817 1119
196
225
282
584
837 1139
216
273
568
870 1172
200
257
559
861 1156
233
290
543
845 1147
224
274
576
878 1131
208
265
567
862 1164
241
249
551
889 1184
620
922 1224
604
906 1208
890 1192
930 1183
612
914 1216
596
898 1200
636
681
934
991
68
1043
113
415
717
467
524
871 1173
370
16
672
318
967 1024
774 1076
104
406
826 1121
149
451
508
201
560
855 1157
258
52
701
354
7
656
302
958 1015
942
999
76
121
423
725
794 1096
173
475
532
218
577
879 1132
439
810 1112
189
484
492
234
544
846 1148
291
595
640
137
692
275
387
342
749 1044
758 1060
85
40
326
628
673
975
983
60
782 1035
112
407
709
827 1080
157
459
516
209
561
863 1165
266
378
24
691
368
316
286
331
938
428
21
229
29
685
133
383
962 1019
738 1040
754 1056
81
660
313
769 1071
947 1004
358
11
144
334
707
624
778 1031
963 1020
374
329
442
32
732
385
698
373
159
903 1198
816 1118
71
261
601
412
944 1001
204
851 1153
514
642
881 1134
27
687
389
579
549
110
87
277
247
82
953 1010
220
239
948 1005
892 1194
337
841 1143
504
457
646
590
42
546
447
155
344
908 1210
293
194
780 1033
98
545
606
236
815 1117
58
292
784
395
981
183
235
727
142
980
811 1113
856 1158
829 1082
770 1065
678
964 1021
661
509
554
425
882 1128
411
452
259
527
580
987
150
202
123
528
109
820 1122
470
471
979
759
175
169
677
702
744 1046
797 1099
779 1032
400
796 1098
591
314
355
105
441
338
12
53
775 1077
494
72
927 1180
923 1225
139
728
278
621
968 1025
486
426
625
319
184
995
221
658
304
17
666
760 1062
36
703
356
371
812 1107
124
626
662
401
945
323
299
99
510
54
643
28
46
969 1026
745 1047
688
324
360
315
88
667
776 1078
22
376
13
954 1011
365
320
883 1185
1067
853 1155
699
417
842 1144
529
541
924 1219
540
472
288
622
495
170
238
884 1186
519
375
525
872 1174
115
894 1196
718
468
469
294
416
570
167
592
114
166
736 1038
237
742 1037
268
70
339
69
211
993
37
992
787 1089
936
652
637
935
534
683
357
335
839 1141
18
734
33
682
380
477
631
305
78
586
336
899 1201
182
34
381
597
951 1008
284
487
798 1093
295
227
185
73
49
649
803 1105
806 1108
722
694
347
432
435
427
94
130
140
996
915 1217
751 1053
761 1063
125
496
997
55
704
939
689
391
735
644
488
89
79
746 1048
186
940
663
822 1124
807 1109
638
970 1027
402
436
593
309
653
306
668
321
100
134
340
14
366
19
952 1002
777 1072
762 1064
38
877 1130
632
684
132
382
330
737 1039
1055
80
35
695
650
613
960 1017
399
977
348
311
146
675
95
296
9
665
767 1069
630
961 1018
43
363
328
659
312
931 1177
26
364
10
726
25
674
372
362
8
664
310
966 1016
84
379
129
431
733
741
802 1104
181
483
533
786 1088
165
226
585
838 1140
217
569
145
398
818 1120
190
443
500
242
552
854 1149
250
700
283
346
648
301
750 1052
766 1068
93
48
950 1007
267
Notify that extra magic feature is that each random chosen 5x7 or 7x5 sub-square gives the magic
sum of 21.455
248
You can produce a magic (3 x 4 =) 12x12, a magic (3 x 5 =) 15x15, a panmagic (4 x 5 =) 20x20,

a magic (3 x 7 =) 21x21,a panmagic (4 x 7 =) 28x28, a panmagic (5 x 7 =) 35x35, a panmagic (4
x 9 =) 36x36, a panmagic (5 x 9 =) 45x45, ... square.
Notify that extra magic feature in a (a x b =) c x c square is that each random chosen a x b or b x
a sub-square gives the magic sum.
Use a symmetric magic 5x7 rectangle to produce an ultra magic 35x35 square
26
20
3
9
32
19
6
7
35
23
8
34
15
22
11
31
24
18
12
5
25
14
21
2
28
13
1
29
30
17
4
27
33
16
10
Use the (last) method on page '[ultra] pan magic 15x15 square' to produce an ultra panmagic
35x35 square, that is symmetric and each 5x5 and 7x7 sub-square gives the same (proportional
part of the magic) sum.
249
[50] Extra magic 35x35 square

Put the digits 0 up to 34 in the first row of the first as well as the second grid. Take care that each
1/7 row gives the sum of 85 (see rectangle 7x5).
Rectangle 7x5
0
7 24
1
8 16
2 23 19
3 26 15
4 22 18
5 12 14
6 21 13
20
27
9
10
11
25
17
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
85
85
85
85
85
85
85
Produce the first five rows of the first as well as the second grid. Shift the digits of row 2 up to 5
of the first grid two places to the right. Shift the digits of row 2 up to 5 of the second grid two
places to the left (see method in chapter [14] 5x5 panmagic square).
The first five rows of the first grid (shift the digits of the first row each time two places to the right)
0
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
The first five rows of the second grid (shift the digits of the first row each time two places to the left)
0
24
24
20
34
34
24
20
20
34
20
34
16
16
27
33
24
20
33
34
16
27
24
27
33
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
19
16
27
32
33
23
16
10
31
22
18
32
23
15
10
23
19
31
19
32
26
32
23
19
10
11
30
12
14
31
26
18
11
26
15
10
30
15
10
31
22
31
26
15
11
25
29
21
13
30
22
14
25
22
18
11
29
18
11
30
12
30
22
18
25
29
12
13
17
12
14
25
28
14
25
29
21
29
12
14
17
Finish the two grids by shifting the top seven 5x5 squares. Shift the top seven 5x5 squares of the
first grid to the left. Shift the top seven 5x5 squares of the second grid to the right (see colours).
250
17
28
28
21
21
13
17
13
17
28
28
21
13
+1x digit+1 from the first grid

0
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
0
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
+35x digit from the second grid
251
24
24
20
34
34
24
20
20
34
20
34
16
16
27
33
24
20
33
34
16
27
24
27
33
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
19
16
27
32
33
23
16
10
31
22
18
32
23
15
10
23
19
31
19
32
26
32
23
19
11
30
12
14
31
26
18
11
26
15
10
30
15
10
31
22
10
31
26
15
25
29
21
13
30
22
14
25
22
18
11
29
18
11
30
12
11
30
22
18
17
28
29
12
13
17
12
14
25
28
28
21
21
13
14
25
29
21
17
13
17
28
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
32
23
19
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
23
19
32
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
32
23
19
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
16
27
33
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
33
16
27
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
27
33
16
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
16
27
33
19
32
23
15
10
31
26
18
11
30
22
14
25
29
12
13
17
28
21
24
20
34
33
16
27
32
23
19
31
26
15
10
30
22
18
11
29
12
14
25
28
21
13
17
34
24
20
16
27
33
23
19
32
26
15
10
31
22
18
11
30
12
14
25
29
21
13
17
28
24
20
34
27
33
16
32
23
19
10
31
26
15
11
30
22
18
25
29
12
14
17
28
21
13
20
34
24
937
541
361
397
1081
757
469
613
1009
= Extra magic 35x35 square

1
253
865
721
1225
37
289
577
973
1189
73
829
685
325
1153
109
252
1117
145
793
649
181
433
505
901
1045
217
861
735
1191
270
588
979
1157
44
297
675
348
1123
94
825
536
382
1089
1198
25
280
841
725
132
926
642
416
1055
266
875
701
708
1215
21
1164
52
314
562
1211
35
246
848
962
212
744
472
623
1014
483
629
989
227
982
219
763
489
769
457
604
612
1008
178
500
163
789
516
905
1021
308
594
947
954
1172
63
1144
90
838
668
1183
69
282
569
335
269
860
710
1223
752
850
733
597
1214
20
1193
24
255
873
997
238
278
843
724
244
737
464
720
1200
444
510
885
908
1018
199
1048
214
440
466
1039
195
430
523
878
453
493
899
1035
895
144
1025
208
797
646
641
417
1077
156
802
401
110
188
435
473
624
987
232
749
815
698
318
1112
121
339
1140
80
942
529
921
557
354
1073
159
377
1101
116
801
635
782
661
390
1028
190
408
1069
152
450
496
446
520
881
1002
224
753
484
602
888
1030
201
764
462
617
994
1130
103
808
689
366
1096
137
914
552
404
1062
171
775
653
890
228
1041
205
426
503
609
998
239
742
39
307
576
956
1187
75
828
684
327
1151
111
923
540
376
1115
477
147
792
644
403
1079
176
428
515
896
1050
265
571
977
1159
62
703
1182
51
291
592
296
677
346
1125
93
949
1143
89
817
696
824
551
380
1091
118
320
1098
120
936
555
925
648
414
1057
162
784
511
910
1016
183
445
356
1072
154
788
659
392
1023
200
441
525
1210
10
312
564
972
1171
46
836
670
338
1139
82
940
531
363
876
1100
131
799
637
407
1064
158
455
491
883
1040
33
248
864
961
1166
67
284
587
334
1132
101
810
688
365
1111
196
135
916
538
399
1068
169
777
652
900
1036
210
421
498
762
471
606
1012
627
984
237
751
852
268
859
712
1221
41
731
1195
23
264
586
293
575
971
1185
77
975
1161
48
295
683
827
679
333
1149
106
918
550
371
1120
142
779
647
413
1084
344
1127
92
819
546
385
1086
113
935
658
419
1052
149
1007
226
746
487
599
1213
19
257
871
705
1168
50
306
590
951
787
1142
84
823
694
322
1093
130
931
560
351
1059
157
798
664
185
767
459
622
996
221
276
845
723
1209
12
310
566
958
1170
387
61
834
672
337
1134
88
945
526
358
1110
126
804
632
394
1067
168
423
514
611
991
242
396
1082
180
443
509
739
482
719
1202
31
887
1046
216
748
470
250
863
960
1181
65
621
1010
267
854
286
573
329
1138
99
812
687
375
1106
140
911
533
402
1078
174
772
639
718
1219
36
288
585
966
1190
72
814
682
343
1154
108
934
545
360
1118
1054
167
786
502
906
781
662
389
1038
194
1020
198
439
481
625
432
521
880
993
225
986
223
750
858
729
761
485
601
1212
14
1197
22
259
581
980
1156
43
305
693
349
1122
79
822
535
383
1088
129
930
263
869
707
1163
60
301
595
946
1129
87
833
699
317
1109
125
920
558
353
634
412
1066
151
451
1061
172
774
657
894
495
898
1034
187
765
1027
206
425
513
610
461
608
995
236
274
1006
240
741
468
714
847
722
1204
18
315
561
953
1180
56
839
667
324
1137
98
943
528
374
1105
115
1208
29
252
862
970
1176
70
281
568
332
1148
104
807
674
370
1095
138
913
933
544
362
1116
146
783
645
411
1080
182
442
504
893
1044
211
549
743
480
616
1015
254
857
728
1224
38
304
580
955
1188
74
832
681
326
1152
537
381
1090
128
929
656
415
1056
153
785
508
904
1022
197
434
476
630
981
218
760
868
734
1192
262
570
978
1158
59
300
676
347
1124
97
821
1108
124
922
556
941
530
373
1104
355
1063
155
796
660
117
800
636
398
1065
391
1037
189
438
519
166
449
497
897
1029
882
988
235
756
490
596
1199
17
273
874
702
1179
55
290
593
948
1147
86
816
697
319
193
770
456
603
1005
231
279
842
709
1207
28
313
563
969
1175
45
837
669
342
1136
369
1097
136
915
548
400
1076
170
776
643
889
1033
204
81
427
512
620
1001
245
736
463
717
1218
34
247
849
965
1165
68
283
584
331
1131
102
809
692
76
818
680
341
1150
112
932
539
368
1114
141
778
655
406
1085
177
429
507
903
1049
213
759
475
605
1013
272
856
711
1222
40
303
579
957
1186
691
345
1126
83
820
543
379
1092
127
924
651
420
1051
148
795
518
909
1017
184
437
465
628
983
234
755
851
732
1194
27
261
572
976
1160
58
299
1133
85
831
695
321
1107
119
928
554
357
1058
165
791
665
386
1024
192
448
524
877
1004
230
745
488
598
1217
16
256
872
704
1178
54
292
591
950
835
671
328
1135
96
939
532
372
1099
123
805
631
393
1075
161
454
492
884
1032
203
768
458
619
1000
220
277
844
727
1206
11
311
565
968
1174
47
330
1146
100
811
678
364
1103
134
917
547
410
1071
175
771
638
892
1043
209
422
499
615
990
243
738
479
716
1201
32
249
867
964
1167
66
285
583
42
302
574
963
1184
71
813
690
336
1155
107
919
542
378
1119
143
794
650
395
1083
179
447
506
886
1047
215
758
474
607
1011
258
855
726
1220
578
974
1162
57
294
686
350
1121
78
830
553
384
1087
114
927
640
418
1053
164
790
501
907
1019
202
436
467
626
985
233
754
866
730
1196
13
260
1177
49
298
589
952
1128
95
826
700
316
1094
122
938
559
352
1074
160
780
663
388
1042
191
431
522
879
1003
229
747
486
600
1203
15
271
870
706
309
567
967
1169
53
840
666
323
1145
91
944
527
359
1102
133
803
633
409
1070
150
452
494
902
1031
186
766
460
618
999
222
275
846
713
1205
26
959
1173
64
287
582
340
1141
105
806
673
367
1113
139
912
534
405
1060
173
773
654
891
1026
207
424
517
614
992
241
740
478
715
1216
30
251
853
253
[51] Bordered squares

Introduction
There are 3 similar types of squares: inlaid squares, bordered squares and concentric squares. See
for the exact desciptions on the website of Harvey Heinz: www.magic-squares.net/glossary.htm
A bordered square is an (impure) magic square inside a bigger (pure) magic square. A bordered
square consist of the center magic square with a singular border around the center square. The
center square consist of the middle numbers of the magic square and the border contains the
lowest numbers and their complements (the highest numbers). See below a method of
construction to produce simple even bordered squares, an example of an odd bordered square and
a reference to a website with more complicated inlaid squares (= more inlaid squares inside a
bigger magic square).
Even bordered squares
The smallest even bordered square is an (impure) 4x4 square inside a (pure) 6x6 square. A pure
6x6 square consist of all the digits from 1 up to 36.
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
-10
-9
-8
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
Use the middle (yellow marked) 16 digits to produce the 4x4 center square. Take for example the
first basic panmagic 4x4 square (see chapter [7] panmagic 4x4 square) and add 10 to each digit.
Pure 4x4
1
8 13 12
15 10
3
6
4
5 16
9
14 11
2
7
+10 = (impure) bordered 4x4

11
25
14
24
18
20
15
21
23
13
26
12
22
16
19
17
To produce the border there are the following three boundary conditions:
On the opposite of a possitive digit in the row, the column or the diagonal must be filled in
the same negative digit (= translation of the digits from 27 up to 36);
In the top row, the bottom row, the left column and the right column must be filled in each
time 6 different (3 positive and 3 negative) digits;
The digits of the top row, the bottom row, the left column and the right column must each
time total to 0.
254
Produce the top row and the right column and fill in (for example) the digit 1 at the left corner on
the top row. Because the digit at the left corner on the top row is 1, at the right corner on the
bottom row the digit -1 must be filled in. The digit (?) to be filled in at the right corner on the top
row is in the top row as well as in the right column.
1
-1
In the top row and the right column must be filled in 4x 3 digits from (+/-) 1 up to 10. We need 1
up to 10 plus two digits (out of 1 up to 10) double. The sum of 1 up to 10 is 55. If we choose 1
and 8 double, than the sum of each 3 digits must be: [55 + 1 + 8] / 4 = 16. Solve the puzzle!
1+5+10
1+6+ 9
1+7+ 8
2+4+10
2+5+ 9
2+6+ 8
3+4+ 9
3+5+ 8
3+6+ 7
4+5+ 7
When you have solved the puzzle, the digits can be filled in as follows:
Fill in 4 possibilities
1
-3
-5
Fill in opposite digits

-8
2
4
10
-7
-1
1
-2
-4
-10
7
8
-3
-5
-6
-9
The final result is:
255
-8
2
4
10
-7
-1
1
35
33
27
7
8
6
11
25
14
24
31
9
18
20
15
21
28
34
23
13
26
12
3
32
22
16
19
17
5
29
2
4
10
30
36
You can use this method of construction for all even bordered magic squares (6x6 inside 8x8,
8x8 inside 10x10, 10x10 inside 12x12, ).
Odd bordered squares
The smallest bordered square is an (impure) 3x3 square inside the (pure) 5x5 square. It is possible
to use the 9 (sequencing) middle digits out of 1 up to 25 to produce the 3x3 center square; see the
result below.
3x3 center inside 5x5 square
1
2
18
21
23
22 20 19
3
10 17 12 24
15 13 11
8
14
9 16
5
4
6
7 25
An 5x5 inlaid inside an 7x7 square, can be produced as follows:

Produce the column pattern and the row pattern of the 5x5 inlaid by using the method of
construction in chapter [14] Pan magic 5x5 square. Take from the digits 0 up to 6 the five middle
digits, 1 up to 5.
Column pattern 5x5 inlaid square

1
4
2
5
3
2
5
3
1
4
3
1
4
2
5
4
2
5
3
1
5
3
1
4
2
Row pattern 5x5 inlaid square

1
3
5
2
4
2
4
1
3
5
256
3
5
2
4
1
4
1
3
5
2
5
2
4
1
3
The 5x5 inlaid square contains all combinations of the digits 1 up to 5. The border must contain
all combinations of the difgits 0 and/or 6. Establish that the sum of two opposite digits are
allways 6 and the sum of every row and every column is allways 21. Notify that 2x the middle
digit from 0 up to 6 (= 3) must be placed in opposite corners and the lowest and highest digits (=
0 and 6) must be placed in the same row or column:
Column pattern 7x7 border
3
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
3
3
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
0
6
3
Place the digits of the row pattern and establish that you get all combinations of the digits 0
and/or 6 between the column pattern and the row pattern of the border (because the magic square
must contain all the digits from 1 up to 49):
Row pattern 7x7 border
0
1
2
5
4
6
3
3
5
4
1
2
0
6
Take 7x a digit from the column pattern and add 1x a digit from the same cell of the row pattern
and add 1 (to get the digits 1 up to 49 instead of 0 up to 48).
7x digit from column pattern

3
0
6
0
6
0
6
1
1
4
2
5
3
5
2
2
5
3
1
4
4
4
3
1
4
2
5
2
5
4
2
5
3
1
1
6
5
3
1
4
2
0
0
6
0
6
0
6
3
1x digit from row pattern

0
1
2
5
4
6
3
6
1
3
5
2
4
0
0
2
4
1
3
5
6
257
0
3
5
2
4
1
6
6
4
1
3
5
2
0
6
5
2
4
1
3
0
3
5
4
1
2
0
6
+1
21
1
44
5
46
6
45
13
8
31
19
37
25
35
14
16
39
22
10
33
34
28
24
12
30
18
36
20
=
41
32
15
38
26
9
7
48
40
23
11
29
17
0
3
47
4
43
2
42
27
5x5 inlaid inside 7x7 square

22
2
45
6
47
7
46
14
9
32
20
38
26
36
15
17
40
23
11
34
35
29
25
13
31
19
37
21
42
33
16
39
27
10
8
49
41
24
12
30
18
1
4
48
5
44
3
43
28
You can use this method of construction also for a 7x7 inlaid inside a 9x9 square
Another website about the construction of bordered magic squares
You can more information about the construction of bordered magic squares on website:
http://users.eastlink.ca/~sharrywhite/BorderedMagicSquares.html
More complicated inlaid squares
You can find more complicated inlaid squares on the website of Harvey Heinz:
www.magic-squares.net/magicsquare.htm#Orders 3, 5, 7, 9 Inlaid
258
[52] Inlaid square (1)

In chapter [51] Bordered suares I present an method of construction to produce odd respectively
even bordered magic squares. More complicated are inlaid squares; see for example on the
website of Harvey Heinz: www.magic-squares.net/magicsquare.htm#Orders 3, 5, 7, 9 Inlaid
Someone asked me how to produce a complicated inlaid square. There is no algorithm to produce
each imaginable inlaid square. It challenged me to produce the below mentioned inlaid square.
The challenge is: how to produce a 12x12 magic square existing of four 6x6 magic squares with
in each 6x6 magic square an 4x4 (panmagic) inlaid square. To meet the challenge I followed the
steps below:
The easiest step is to produce the four 4x4 panmagic inlaid squares. Use a random chosen 8x8
most perfect (Franklin pan)magic square (see explanation most perfect magic squares), add
40 to each digit and split up the 8x8 square in four 4x4 (inlaid) squares.
Most magic 8x8 square + 40 = four 4x4 inlaid squares

1
54
12
63
56
10
61
41
94
52 103
43
96
50 101
16
59
50
14
57
52
56
99
45
90
54
97
47
92
53
64
11
55
62
93
42 104
51
95
44 102
49
60
15
49
58
13
51
100
55
89
46
98
53
91
48
17
38
28
47
19
40
26
45
57
78
68
87
59
80
66
85
32
43
21
34
30
41
23
36
72
83
61
74
70
81
63
76
37
18
48
27
39
20
46
25
77
58
88
67
79
60
86
65
44
31
33
22
42
29
35
24
84
71
73
62
82
69
75
64
To produce the four borders you need (4 x 20 =) 80 digits. Take the digits 1 up to 40 and 105
up to 144 and translate the digits 105 up to 144 into -/- 1 up to -/- 40.
See method of Construction to produce even bordered squares. Each side of the border
consists of 3 positive and 3 negative digits and the sum of the 6 digits is 0. For the four times
four corners you need 16 digits, that is 8 digits positive/negative, double. Given that the
average digit is (the lowest digit plus the highest digit devided by two: [1+40]/2 =) 20,5, the
sum of the 8 double digits must be (8 x 20,5 = )164. The sum of 3 digits must be (3 x 20,5 =)
61,5, that is alternate 61 or 62. I puzzled and got finally the table below:
+
+
-/-/-
15
20
26
61
16
21
25
62
17
22
23
62
18
19
24
61
28
26
61
32
25
62
31
23
62
36
24
61
15
37
61
16
40
62
17
10
35
62
18
39
61
13
14
34
61
29
30
62
27
33
62
11
12
38
61
259
164
15
Use the table to produce the borders of the four 6x6 squares (fill in the digits from the
table, fill in the opposite digits and translate the negative digits -/- 1 up to -/- 40 into 105
up to 144).
20
15
20
-13
-13
-14
-14
-34
-34
26
16
-12
-38
24
-6
-10
-4
-16
-17
-18
25
17
-32
32
-5
40
-40
20 132 131 111
26
16
117
28
138
37
108
136
21
-3
-29
-30
-31
31
-36
-8
-1
35
-35
39
-39
-6
10
-23
21 142 116 115
25
17
113
32
140
40
105
29
34 130
18
-16
139
120 124
29
30 129
22
20 132 131 111
26
21 142 116 115
25
41
94
52 103
28 113
16
43
96
50 101
32
138
56
99
45
7 140
54
97
47
37
93
92
42 104
51 108
40
95
44 102
49 105
9 100
55
89
46 136
98
53
91
48 139
119 125
13
14
34 130 120 124
29
30 129
22 143 118 112
23
19 134 133 107
24
114
57
78
68
87
31 109
18
59
80
66
85
36
137
72
83
61
74
8 144
70
81
63
76
35
77
58
88
67 110
39
79
60
86
65 106
10
84
71
73
62 135
82
69
75
64 141
122 123
27
33 128 121 126
11
12
38 127
260
-27
-33
19
-11
-12
-38
24
36
-10
33
-17
-24
22 143 118 112
23
18
114
31
109
137
144
35
110
39
106
-22
27
10
122 123
Put the borders and the 4x4 inlaid squares together.
117
-2
36
23
30
-21
12x12 square = four 6x6 squares with 4x4 inlaid
17
-11
-9
90
19
-15
-25
15
18
-9
23
-39
-15
14
-33
-35
34
13
-27
-40
-37
-2
-37
37
119 125
22
15
17
31
28
14
25
-7
13
-30
32
-28
-20
-29
16
-3
28
26
-26
21
135
2
27
33 128
-4
-19
11
12
38
-18
19 134 133 107
24
36
4
121 126
141
11
12
38 127
The magic sum of the four 4x4 panmagic inlaid squares is each time 290. The magic sum of the
four 6x6 magic squares is each time 435. The magic sum of the 12x12 magic square is 870.
Notify that the 12x12 magic square consists of four proportional 6x6 magic squares, and that is
why (as extra magic feature) half of the rows/columns/diagonals of the 12x12 magic square give
435 (= of the magic sum of 870).
And now the finishing touch!!!
We can enlarge the above produced 12x12 inlaid square to a 14x14 inlaid square.
[1] Add 26 to each digit.
[2] Make a border of 52 digits (1 up to 26 and 171 up to 196) around the 12x12 inlaid square.
For method to produce the border, see: www.perfectmagicsquares.com/Bordered_squares.html.
The sum of the digits 1 up to 26 is 351. If you add 33, than you get 384, that is 4x96. To get 33
take for example the digits 16 and 17 double. Solve the puzzle and you get for example this table:
16
16
17
8
17
4
3
11
1
24
23
12
26
5
7
13
2
22
21
14
25
6
10
18
9
19
15
20
96
96
96
96
Use the table to make the border (notify that the 26 highest digits, 171 t/m 196, are translated into
-/- 1 up to -/- 26):
16
26
25
-8 -11 -12 -13 -14 -18 -20
17
3
23
7
21
10
15
-4
-24
-5
-22
-6
-19
-16
261
16
26
25
-8 -11 -12 -13 -14 -18 -20
17
-3
-23
23
-7
-21
21
-10
10
-15
15
-4
24
-24
-5
22
-22
-6
19
-17
16
-19
-1 -26
26
-2 -25
25
-9
11
12
13
14
18
20 -16
9 189 186 185 184 183 179 177
17
194
174
23
190
176
21
187
10
182
15
193
24
173
192
22
175
191
19
178
180 196 171 195 172 188
11
12
13
14
18
20 181
It is an easy job to finish the 14x14 magic inlaid square.
Magic 14x14 square (with inlaid 4x4, 6x6 and 12x12)

16
194
41
26
25
9 189 186 185 184 183 179 177
46 158 157 137
52
174 143
67 120
78 129
190 164
82 125
71 116
42
17
47 168 142 141
51
54 139
69 122
76 127
58
23
33 166
80 123
73 118
31
176
63 119
68 130
77 134
66 121
70 128
75 131
21
187
35 126
81 115
72 162
32 124
79 117
74 165
10
39
60 156 146 150
29
56 155
15
182 145 151

4
43
40
48 169 144 138
49
24 140
83 104
94 113
5 163
98 109
87 100
44
55
45 160 159 133
50 193
57 135
85 106
92 111
62 173
34 170
96 107
89 102
27 192
22
61 103
84 114
93 136
65 105
86 112
91 132 175
36 110
97
99
88 161
30 108
95 101
90 167 191
19 148 149
28
53
59 154 147 152
37
38
64 153 178
13
14
18
180 196 171 195 172 188
11
12
20 181
262
[53] Inlaid square (2)

The challenge
See in the previous chapter how I have produced a 14x14 (= even) square consisting of even
inlays. The challenge is to produce an even magic square with as well odd as (not diamond) even
inlays. Look at the following 22x22 magic square with a 20x20 inlay containing odd and even
inlays.
The composition
The composition of the 20x20 inlay is as follows:
In the corners are four 7x7 panmagic squares. Around the 7x7 panmagic squares are half
borders. The cross in the middle contains five panmagic 4x4 squares (and eight half panmagic
4x4 squares, in which two times two digits have been swapped to get a correct magic square,
which will be explained later on).
The 20x20 inlay consist of (to start with) the digits 1 up to 400 (and will be added by 42 later on
to complete the 22x22 square). The four panmagic 7x7 squares consist of the digits 103 up to
298. The half borders consist of the digits 73 up to 102 and 299 up to 328. The five complete
and eight half panmagic 4x4 squares consist of the digits 1 up to 72 and 329 up to 400.
The four panmagic 7x7 squares
263
To produce the four panmagic 7x7 squares we use the method of construction in chapter [14]
panmagic 5x5 square.
We produce the four panmagic 7x7 squares simultaneously. For the row coordinates we use four
times the digits 0 up to 6. For the column coordinates we use the digits 0 up to 27, which will be
spread as proportional as possible over the four panmagic 7x7 squares.
Column coordinates 1st square
0
11
18
25
4
13
23
4
13
23
0
11
18
25
11
18
25
4
13
23
0
13
23
0
11
18
25
4
18
25
4
13
23
0
11
23
0
11
18
25
4
13
25
4
13
23
0
11
18
Row coordinates 1st square

0
3
6
2
5
1
4
1
4
0
3
6
2
5
2
5
1
4
0
3
6
3
6
2
5
1
4
0
4
0
3
6
2
5
1
5
1
4
0
3
6
2
6
2
5
1
4
0
3
7x column digit + 1x row digit +1 + 102 = first panmagic 7x7 square

1 30 80 95 131 167 182
81 96 132 168 176
2 31
133 162 177
3 32 82 97
178
4 33 83 98 127 163
34 84 92 128 164 179
5
93 129 165 180
6 35 78
166 181
7 29 79 94 130
Column coordinates 2nd square

2
9
16
26
5
15
21
5
15
21
2
9
16
26
9
16
26
5
15
21
2
15
21
2
9
16
26
5
16
26
5
15
21
2
9
21
2
9
16
26
5
15
26
5
15
21
2
9
16
103
183
235
280
136
195
268
132
198
264
106
186
231
283
182
234
279
135
194
267
109
197
270
105
185
230
282
131
233
278
134
200
266
108
181
269
104
184
229
281
137
196
284
133
199
265
107
180
232
Row coordinates 2nd square

0
3
6
2
5
1
4
1
4
0
3
6
2
5
2
5
1
4
0
3
6
3
6
2
5
1
4
0
4
0
3
6
2
5
1
5
1
4
0
3
6
2
6
2
5
1
4
0
3
7x column digit + 1x row digit +1 + 102 = second panmagic 7x7 square

15
67
119
185
41
107
152
37
110
148
18
70
115
188
66
118
184
40
106
151
21
109
154
17
69
114
187
36
117
183
39
112
150
20
65
153
16
68
113
186
42
108
189
38
111
149
19
64
116
117
169
221
287
143
209
254
139
212
250
120
172
217
290
264
168
220
286
142
208
253
123
211
256
119
171
216
289
138
219
285
141
214
252
122
167
255
118
170
215
288
144
210
291
140
213
251
121
166
218
Column coordinates 3rd square

3
10
17
24
7
14
20
7
14
20
3
10
17
24
10
17
24
7
14
20
3
14
20
3
10
17
24
7
17
24
7
14
20
3
10
20
3
10
17
24
7
14
24
7
14
20
3
10
17
Row coordinates 3rd square

0
3
6
2
5
1
4
1
4
0
3
6
2
5
2
5
1
4
0
3
6
3
6
2
5
1
4
0
4
0
3
6
2
5
1
5
1
4
0
3
6
2
6
2
5
1
4
0
3
7x column digit + 1x row digit +1 + 102 = third panmagic 7x7 square

22
74
126
171
55
100
145
51 73 102
103 125 147
141 170 24
25 54 76
77 99 121
122 144 173
174 28 50
124
169
53
105
143
27
72
146
23
75
120
172
56
101
175
52
104
142
26
71
123
Column coordinates 4th square

1
8
19
27
6
12
22
6
12
22
1
8
19
27
8
19
27
6
12
22
1
12
22
1
8
19
27
6
19
27
6
12
22
1
8
22
1
8
19
27
6
12
27
6
12
22
1
8
19
124
176
228
273
157
202
247
153
205
243
127
179
224
276
175
227
272
156
201
246
130
204
249
126
178
223
275
152
226
271
155
207
245
129
174
248
125
177
222
274
158
203
277
154
206
244
128
173
225
Row coordinates 4th square

0
3
6
2
5
1
4
1
4
0
3
6
2
5
2
5
1
4
0
3
6
3
6
2
5
1
4
0
4
0
3
6
2
5
1
5
1
4
0
3
6
2
6
2
5
1
4
0
3
7x column digit + 1x row digit +1 + 102 = fourth panmagic 7x7 square

8 44 59 88 138 160 196
60 89 139 161 190
9 45
140 155 191 10 46 61 90
192 11 47 62 91 134 156
48 63 85 135 157 193 12
86 136 158 194 13 49 57
159 195 14 43 58 87 137
110
162
242
294
150
188
261
146
191
257
113
165
238
297
161
241
293
149
187
260
116
190
263
112
164
237
296
145
240
292
148
193
259
115
160
262
111
163
236
295
151
189
298
147
192
258
114
159
239
The 1st and 2nd panmagic 7x7 square will be placed on top and the 3rd and 4th panmagic 7x7
square will be placed at the bottom in the corners of the 20x20 inlay. Look at the following row-,
column- and diagonal sums:
2807 2807 2807 2807 2807 2807 2807
2807 2807 2807 2807 2807 2807 2807
265
2807
2807
2800
103
132
182
197
233
269
284
117
139
168
211
219
255
291
2800
183
198
234
270
278
104
133
169
212
220
256
285
118
140
2800
235
264
279
105
134
184
199
221
250
286
119
141
170
213
2800
280
106
135
185
200
229
265
287
120
142
171
214
215
251
2800
136
186
194
230
266
281
107
143
172
208
216
252
288
121
2800
195
231
267
282
108
137
180
209
217
253
289
122
144
166
2800
268
283
109
131
181
196
232
254
290
123
138
167
210
218
2814
124
153
175
204
226
248
277
110
146
161
190
240
262
298
2814
176
205
227
249
271
125
154
162
191
241
263
292
111
147
2814
228
243
272
126
155
177
206
242
257
293
112
148
163
192
2814
273
127
156
178
207
222
244
294
113
149
164
193
236
258
2814
157
179
201
223
245
274
128
150
165
187
237
259
295
114
2814
202
224
246
275
129
158
173
188
238
260
296
115
151
159
2814
247
276
130
152
174
203
225
261
297
116
145
160
189
239
Notify that the sum of the rows is (14/20 x 4010 =) 2807 -/- 7 respectively +/+ 7. This difference
will be corrected by producing the vertical parts of the half borders.
The four half borders
For the vertical parts of the half borders excluding the corners we use the digits 89 up to 102
and 299 up to 312. We connect the digits to each other and take care that the sum of two digits of
the top vertical parts is 408 and the sum of two digits of the bottom vertical parts is 394. For
horizontal parts and the corners we connect the remaining digits to each other, and take care that
the sum is each time 401. Now all sums, with exception of the half borders, are 16/20 of the
magic sum of 4010, that is 3208.
3208 3208 3208 3208 3208 3208 3208 3216
3200 3208 3208 3208 3208 3208 3208 3208
266
+8
-8
3208
3208
103
132
182
197
233
269
284
312
96
117
139
168
211
219
255
291
3208
183
198
234
270
278
104
133
311
97
169
212
220
256
285
118
140
3208
235
264
279
105
134
184
199
310
98
221
250
286
119
141
170
213
3208
280
106
135
185
200
229
265
309
99
287
120
142
171
214
215
251
3208
136
186
194
230
266
281
107
308
100
143
172
208
216
252
288
121
3208
195
231
267
282
108
137
180
307
101
209
217
253
289
122
144
166
3208
3208
268
283
109
131
181
196
232
306
102
254
290
123
138
167
210
218
3270
+62
328
327
326
325
324
323
322
88
80
87
86
85
84
83
82
320
3146
-62
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
321
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
81
3208
124
153
175
204
226
248
277
89
305
110
146
161
190
240
262
298
3208
176
205
227
249
271
125
154
90
304
162
191
241
263
292
111
147
3208
228
243
272
126
155
177
206
91
303
242
257
293
112
148
163
192
3208
273
127
156
178
207
222
244
92
302
294
113
149
164
193
236
258
3208
157
179
201
223
245
274
128
93
301
150
165
187
237
259
295
114
3208
202
224
246
275
129
158
173
94
300
188
238
260
296
115
151
159
3208
247
276
130
152
174
203
225
95
299
261
297
116
145
160
189
239
Notify that the sum of the two horizontal parts of the half borders is (16/20 x 4010 =) 3208 +/+
62 respectively -/- 62 and the sum of the two vertical parts of the half borders is 3208 +/+ 8
respectively -/- 8. These differences will be corrected by producing the eight half panmagic 4x4
squares.
The (8x1/2 + 5x1 =) 9 panmagic 4x4 squares
To produce the 9 panmagic 4x4 squares the 72 lowest and the 72 highest digits are available. We
produce 9 proportional panmagic 4x4 squares (notify that the magic sum is each time 4/20 x
4010, that is 802) by using the Khajuraho method.
7
396
398
15
388
390
23
380
17
382
31
372
25
374
39
364
33
366
397
395
10
389
16
387
18
381
24
379
26
373
32
371
34
365
40
363
400
394
392
11
386
13
384
19
378
21
376
27
370
29
368
35
362
37
393
399
385
14
391
12
377
22
383
20
369
30
375
28
361
38
367
36
390
15
388
387
10
389
16
13
392
11
386
12
55
385
348
14
49
391
350
63
340
57
342
71
332
65
334
47
356
41
358
267
42
357
48
355
50
349
56
347
58
341
64
339
66
333
72
331
360
43
354
45
352
51
346
53
344
59
338
61
336
67
330
69
353
46
359
44
345
54
351
52
337
62
343
60
329
70
335
68
64
339
58
341
338
61
344
59
343
60
337
62
57
342
63
340
Notify that we use the possibility to shift over the carpet (see panmagic 4x4 square) to let the
digits 1 and 63 respectively 12 and 20 facing each other and these digits can be swapped to
correct the difference of +/- 62 in the rows and to correct the diffence of +/- 8 in the columns of
the half borders.
103 132 182 197 233 269 284 312
64 339
183 198 234 270 278 104 133 311 338
58 341
61 344
96 117 139 168 211 219 255 291
59
97 169 212 220 256 285 118 140
235 264 279 105 134 184 199 310
31 372
25 374
98 221 250 286 119 141 170 213
280 106 135 185 200 229 265 309
26 373
32 371
99 287 120 142 171 214 215 251
136 186 194 230 266 281 107 308 376
27 370
29 100 143 172 208 216 252 288 121
195 231 267 282 108 137 180 307 369
30 375
28 101 209 217 253 289 122 144 166
268 283 109 131 181 196 232 306 343
60 337
62 102 254 290 123 138 167 210 218
328 327 326 325 324 323 322
88
57 342
80
87
86
23 380
39 364
33 366
17 382
71 332
65 334 390
1 340
15
47 356
85
84
41 358 388
83
82 320
9
18 381
34 365
40 363
24 379
66 333
72 331 387
10
42 357
48 355 389
16
384
19 368
35 362
37 378
21 336
67 330
69
13 392 360
43 354
45
11 386
377
22 361
38 367
36 383
12 329
70 335
68
20 385 353
46 359
44
14 391
74
76
78
73
75
77
79 321
7 396
63 398 313 314 315 316 317 318 319
81
124 153 175 204 226 248 277
89
2 397
8 395 305 110 146 161 190 240 262 298
176 205 227 249 271 125 154
90
55 348
49 350 304 162 191 241 263 292 111 147
228 243 272 126 155 177 206
91
50 349
56 347 303 242 257 293 112 148 163 192
273 127 156 178 207 222 244
92 352
51 346
53 302 294 113 149 164 193 236 258
157 179 201 223 245 274 128
93 345
54 351
52 301 150 165 187 237 259 295 114
202 224 246 275 129 158 173
94 400
3 394
5 300 188 238 260 296 115 151 159
247 276 130 152 174 203 225
95 393
6 399
4 299 261 297 116 145 160 189 239
The 20x20 inlay is ready!

The border
We produce the border by using the method of the bordered square. We use the digits 1 up to 42
and 443 up to 484 (translated into -/- 42 up to -/- 1). See the following steps:
+/+
-/+/+
-/22
22 23 1
22
5 38
23 10 33
15 16 17
1
42
42
2
6 37
11 32
18 19
2
41
41
3 40
4 39 20
7 36
8 35
9 34
12 31 13 30 14 28
21 24 25 26 27 29
40
39
20
-15
268
-16
237
237
237
237
-17
-18
-19
-21
-24
-25
-26
-27
-29
23
10
33
11
32
12
31
13
30
14
28
-5
-38
-6
-37
-7
-36
-8
-35
-9
-34
-22
22
42
41
40
39
20
-15
-16
-17
-18
-19
-21
-24
-25
-26
-27
-29
23
-10
10
-33
33
-11
11
-32
32
-12
12
-31
31
-13
13
-30
30
-14
14
-28
28
-5
38
-38
-6
37
-37
-7
36
-36
-8
35
-35
-9
34
-34
-23
-1
-42
-2
-41
-3
-40
-4
-39
-20
15
16
17
18
19
21
24
25
26
27
29
-22
22
42
41
40
39
20
470
469
468
467
466
464
461
460
459
458
456
23
269
475
10
452
33
474
11
453
32
473
12
454
31
472
13
455
30
471
14
457
28
480
38
447
479
37
448
478
36
449
477
35
450
476
34
451
462
484
443
483
444
482
445
481
446
465
15
The final result

270
16
17
18
19
21
24
25
26
27
29
463
We add 42 to all digits of the 20x20 inlay and put the inlay inside the border:
22x22 inlaid square
456
23
475 145 174 224 239 275 311 326 354 106 381 100 383 138 159 181 210 253 261 297 333
22
42
41
40
39
20
470
469
468
467
466
464
461
460
459
458
10
452 225 240 276 312 320 146 175 353 380 103 386 101 139 211 254 262 298 327 160 182
33
474 277 306 321 147 176 226 241 352
73 414
67 416 140 263 292 328 161 183 212 255
11
453 322 148 177 227 242 271 307 351
68 415
74 413 141 329 162 184 213 256 257 293
32
473 178 228 236 272 308 323 149 350 418
69 412
71 142 185 214 250 258 294 330 163
12
454 237 273 309 324 150 179 222 349 411
72 417
70 143 251 259 295 331 164 186 208
31
472 310 325 151 173 223 238 274 348 385 102 379 104 144 296 332 165 180 209 252 260
13
455 370 369 368 367 366 365 364 130
30
99 384
43 382 122 129 128 127 126 125 124 362
471
65 422
81 406
75 408
59 424 113 374 107 376 432
57
89 398
83 400 430
51
14
457
60 423
76 407
82 405
66 421 108 375 114 373 429
52
84 399
90 397 431
58
28
5 426
61 410
77 404
79 420
63 378 109 372 111
55 434 402
85 396
87
53 428 480
38 419
64 403
80 409
78 425
54 371 112 377 110
62 427 395
88 401
86
56 433 447
6 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 363
49 438 105 440 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 123 479
37 166 195 217 246 268 290 319 131
44 439
50 437 347 152 188 203 232 282 304 340 448
7 218 247 269 291 313 167 196 132
97 390
91 392 346 204 233 283 305 334 153 189 478
36 270 285 314 168 197 219 248 133
92 391
98 389 345 284 299 335 154 190 205 234 449
8 315 169 198 220 249 264 286 134 394
93 388
95 344 336 155 191 206 235 278 300 477
35 199 221 243 265 287 316 170 135 387
96 393
94 343 192 207 229 279 301 337 156 450
9 244 266 288 317 171 200 215 136 442
45 436
47 342 230 280 302 338 157 193 201 476
34 289 318 172 194 216 245 267 137 435
48 441
46 341 303 339 158 187 202 231 281 451
15
17
462
484
443
483
444
482
445
481
446
465
16
18
19
21
24
25
26
27
29 463
The magic sum of the 22x22 square is 5335. The magic sum of the 20x20 inlay is 4850. The
magic sum of the two top panmagic 7x7 squares is 1694 and the magic sum of the two bottom
panmagic 7x7 squares is 1701. The magic sum of the five panmagic 4x4 squares is 970.
271
[54] Each magic sum

Key to produce a 4x4 magic square for each random chosen magic sum
The basic pattern is the magic square of 0 (as magic sum).
22 14 -46 10
-30 -6
6 30
26
2 -2 -26
-18 -10 42 -14
If you choose as magic sum 403, then 403 : 4 = 100 remainder 3.

Add 100 to each cell of the basic pattern of 0 and also add additionally the remainder number (3)
to each yellow marked cell.
125
70
126
82
114
94
102
93
54
109
98
142
110
130
77
86
This square is not panmagic, but has other additional magic features (for example the sum of the
digits of the four 2x2 subsquares, the four horizontal twisted rows and the four vertical ears =
403). Check it out for yourself.
272
[55] Water retention challenge

How to retain as much as possible water within magc squares?
A special challenge to produce (4x4 and bigger) magic squares is attempting to retain as much as
possible water (given the size of the magic square). See for example the 4x4 (pan)magic square
below.
16
3 10
5
2 13
8 11
7 12
1 14
9
6 15
4
The value in a cell represents the height of a tower. Heigher cells surround lower cells vertical
and horizontal (not diagonal), which makes it possible to fill the surrounded cells (imaginary)
with water. In the above mentioned square two cells are surrounded. The total of 10-8 + 10-1 =
11 units of water can be retained.
See (the idea of) this funny game on the website of Craig Knecht:
www.knechtmagicsquare.paulscomputing.com
273
[56] Most magic 4x4x4 cube

How to use a panmagic 4x4 square to produce a most magic 4x4x4 cube?
Read on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_magic_cube everything about the features of the
perfect magic cube. Perfect magic cubes exist from the size (order) of 5x5x5 and bigger.
See on www.trump.de/magic-squares/magic-cubes/cubes-1.html the following 4x4x4 magic
cube. This 4x4x4 magic cube is nearly perfect.
The above mentioned 4x4x4 magic cube has the following magic features:
- the 4 rows, the 4 columns and the 2 diagonals in each level give the magic sum of 130:
- the 16 pillars give the magic sum of 130;
- the 16 diagonals (2x4 from the corners and 8x from the middle of the sides) through the 4
levels give the magic sum of 130;
- The space diagonals give 100, 120, 140 respectively 160 instead of the magic sum of 130.
You can use a 4x4 panmagic square to produce a nearly perfect magic 4x4x4 cube in the next
five steps:
274
Transform a 4x4 panmagic square into the basic pattern of the 1st level of the 4x4x4 magic
cube:
Panmagic 4x4
->
1
8 10 15
12 13
3
6
7
2 16
9
14 11
5
4
Basic pattern 1st level

8
1 10 15
13 12
3
6
11 14
5
4
2
7 16
9
Transform the basic pattern of the 1st level into the basic pattern of the 2nd level of the 4x4x4
magic cube:
Basic pattern 1st level ->
8
1 10 15
13 12
3
6
11 14
5
4
2
7 16
9
Basic pattern 2nd level

14 11
4
5
1
8 15 10
7
2
9 16
12 13
6
3
Produce the basic pattern of the 3rd level by diagonal (= vertical + horizontal) mirroring of the
basic pattern of the 2nd level of the 4x4x4 magic cube:
Basic pattern 2nd level -> Hor./vertical mirroring -> Basic pattern 3rd level
14 11
4
5
1
8 15 10
7
2
9 16
12 13
6
3
12 13
6
3
7
2
9 16
1
8 15 10
14 11
4
5
3
6 13 12
16
9
2
7
10 15
8
1
5
4 11 14
Produce the basic pattern of the 4th level by diagonal (= vertical + horizontal) mirroring of the
basic pattern of the 1st level of the 4x4x4 magic cube:
Basic pattern 1st level -> Hor./vertical mirroring -> Basic pattern 4th level
8
1 10 15
13 12
3
6
11 14
5
4
2
7 16
9
2
7 16
9
11 14
5
4
13 12
3
6
8
1 10 15
9 16
7
2
4
5 14 11
6
3 12 13
15 10
1
8
Add in each level fixed column patterns to the basic patterns and produce the level by adding
1x digit from the basic pattern to 16x the digit from the same cell of the column patern:
275
Basic pattern 1st level

8
1 10 15
13 12
3
6
11 14
5
4
2
7 16
9
Column pattern 1st level

3
1
2
0
1
0
3
2
2
3
0
1
0
2
1
3
4x4x4 kube, 1st level

56
29
43
2
17 42 15
12 51 38
62
5 20
39 32 57
Basic pattern 2nd level Column pattern 2nd level 4x4x4 cube, 2nd level
14 11
4
5
1
8 15 10
7
2
9 16
12 13
6
3
1
0
3
2
0
2
1
3
3
1
2
0
2
3
0
1
30
1
55
44
11 52 37
40 31 58
18 41 16
61
6 19
Basic pattern 3rd level Column pattern 3rd level 4x4x4 cube, 3rd level
3
6 13 12
16
9
2
7
10 15
8
1
5
4 11 14
2
3
0
1
3
1
2
0
0
2
1
3
1
0
3
2
35 54 13 28
64 25 34
7
10 47 24 49
21
4 59 46
Basic pattern 4th level Column pattern 4th level 4x4x4 cube, 4th level
9 16
7
2
4
5 14 11
6
3 12 13
15 10
1
8
0
2
1
3
2
3
0
1
1
0
3
2
3
1
2
0
9 48 23 50
36 53 14 27
22
3 60 45
63 26 33
8
You can use this method to produce a most magic 4x4x4 cube from each panmagic 4x4 square.
276
[57] Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube

How to use a panmagic 4x4 square to produce a perfect magic 8x8x8 cube?
Read on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_magic_cube everything about the features of the
perfect magic cube. Perfect magic cubes exist from the size (order) of 5x5x5 and bigger.
See on www.trump.de/magic-squares/magic-cubes/cubes-1.html the following perfect magic
5x5x5 cube.
The above mentioned 5x5x5 magic cube has the following magic features:
- the 5 rows, the 5 columns and the 2 diagonals in each level give the magic sum of 315:
277
the 25 pillars give the magic sum of 315;

the 30 diagonals (for example 115+64+38+87+11=315 or 106+44+58+87+20=315)
through the 5 levels give the magic sum of 315;
The four space diagonals (for example 67+39+63+87+59=315) give the magic sum of
315.
You can use a 4x4 panmagic square to produce a perfect magic 8x8x8 cube in the next four steps:
Use the pattern of a 4x4 panmagic square to produce the basic pattern of the 1st level of the
8x8x8 magic cube:
panmagic 4x4
->
1
8 10 15
12 13
3
6
7
2 16
9
14 11
5
4
4x4 in right half

1
5 11 15
column 2&3 swapped

1 10
8 15
12
3 13
6
7 16
2
9
14
5 11
4
left half
12 16
<- right half

2
fill in crosswise
5 11 15
12 16
5 11 15 12 16
14 10
3 13
3 13
3 13
14 10
9 14 10
4
12 16
2
6
1
5 11 15
2
6 12 16 11 15
1
5
1
5 11 15 12 16
2
6
11 15
1
5
2
6 12 16
7
3 13
9 14 10
8
4
13
9
7
3
8
4 14 10
14 10
8
4
7
3 13
9
8
4 14 10 13
9
7
3
The basic pattern of the 3th level is the basic pattern of the 1st level of the 8x8x8 magic cube
vertical mirrored:
1st level 8x8x8 magic cube -> vertical mirrored = 3rd level 8x8x8 magic cube
12 16
2
6
1
5 11 15
2
6 12 16 11 15
1
5
1
5 11 15 12 16
2
6
11 15
1
5
2
6 12 16
7
3 13
9 14 10
8
4
13
9
7
3
8
4 14 10
14 10
8
4
7
3 13
9
8
4 14 10 13
9
7
3
15
5
6
16
4
10
9
3
11
5
1
6
1 15 11 16
2 16 12 15
12
6
2
5
8 10 14
9
14
4
8
3
13
3
7
4
7
9 13 10
278
2 16 12
12
6
2
11
5
1
1 15 11
13
3
7
7
9 13
8 10 14
14
4
8
Produce the basic patterns of the remaining levels of the 8x8x8 magic cube by swapping the
4x4 sub-squares of the 1st respectively 3rd level:
-
Produce the basic patterns of the 2nd, 7th and 8th level by swapping the 4x4 sub-squares
in the basic pattern of the 1st level (see below colours yellow, red, pink and blue);
Produce the basic patterns of the 4th, 5th and 6th level by swapping the 4x4 sub-squares
in the basic pattern of the 3rd level (see below colours grey, white, green and brown).
Add in each level two fixed Sudoku patterns to the basic patterns and produce the level by
adding 1x digit from the basic pattern to 16x the digit from the same cell of Sudoku pattern [1]
and by adding 64x digit from the same cell of Sudoku pattern [2]:
Basic pattern, 1st level
12 16 2 6 1 5 11 15
2 6 12 16 11 15 1 5
1 5 11 15 12 16 2 6
11 15 1 5 2 6 12 16
7 3 13 9 14 10 8 4
13 9 7 3 8 4 14 10
14 10 8 4 7 3 13 9
8 4 14 10 13 9 7 3
Basic pattern, 2nd level

7 3 13 9 14 10 8 4
13 9 7 3 8 4 14 10
14 10 8 4 7 3 13 9
8 4 14 10 13 9 7 3
12 16 2 6 1 5 11 15
2 6 12 16 11 15 1 5
1 5 11 15 12 16 2 6
11 15 1 5 2 6 12 16
Basic pattern, 3rd level

15
5
6
16
4
10
9
3
11 5 1 6
1 15 11 16
2 16 12 15
12 6 2 5
8 10 14 9
14 4 8 3
13 3 7 4
7 9 13 10
2 16 12
12 6 2
11 5 1
1 15 11
13 3 7
7 9 13
8 10 14
14 4 8
Basic pattern, 4th level
Sudoku pattern [1], 1st level

1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
Sudoku pattern [2], 1st level

0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
Sudoku pattern [1], 2nd level Sudoku pattern [2], 2nd level
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
Sudoku pattern [1], 3rd level Sudoku pattern [2], 3rd level
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
Sudoku pattern [1], 4th level Sudoku pattern [2], 4th level
279
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
4
10
9
3
15
5
6
16
8 10 14 9 13 3
14 4 8 3 7 9
13 3 7 4 8 10
7 9 13 10 14 4
11 5 1 6 2 16
1 15 11 16 12 6
2 16 12 15 11 5
12 6 2 5 1 15
7
13
14
8
12
2
1
11

6
16
15
5
9
3
4
10
2 16 12 15 11 5 1
12 6 2 5 1 15 11
11 5 1 6 2 16 12
1 15 11 16 12 6 2
13 3 7 4 8 10 14
7 9 13 10 14 4 8
8 10 14 9 13 3 7
14 4 8 3 7 9 13

9
3
4
10
6
16
15
5
13 3 7 4
7 9 13 10
8 10 14 9
14 4 8 3
2 16 12 15
12 6 2 5
11 5 1 6
1 15 11 16
8 10 14
14 4 8
13 3 7
7 9 13
11 5 1
1 15 11
2 16 12
12 6 2

1 5 11 15 12 16 2 6
11 15 1 5 2 6 12 16
12 16 2 6 1 5 11 15
2 6 12 16 11 15 1 5
14 10 8 4 7 3 13 9
8 4 14 10 13 9 7 3
7 3 13 9 14 10 8 4
13 9 7 3 8 4 14 10
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
280
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
14 10 8 4 7 3 13 9
8 4 14 10 13 9 7 3
7 3 13 9 14 10 8 4
13 9 7 3 8 4 14 10
1 5 11 15 12 16 2 6
11 15 1 5 2 6 12 16
12 16 2 6 1 5 11 15
2 6 12 16 11 15 1 5
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
0
3
1
2
3
0
2
1
Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube, 1st level

28
290
321
123
487
221
190
392
512
198
165
415
3
313
346
100
242
460
427
145
269
55
88
366
278
48
79
373
233
467
436
138
417
155
252
450
94
360
263
61
69
383
288
38
442
132
227
473
331
113
18
300
184
398
493
215
175
405
502
208
340
106
9
307
Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube, 2nd level

135
445
478
232
380
66
33
283
355
89
58
260
160
422
453
255
109
343
312
14
402
172
203
497
393
179
212
490
118
336
303
21
318
8
103
349
193
507
412
162
218
484
387
185
293
31
128
326
472
238
141
439
43
273
370
76
52
266
361
83
463
245
150
432
Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube, 3rd level

319
5
102
352
196
506
409
163
219
481
386
188
296
30
125
327
469
239
144
438
42
276
371
73
49
267
364
82
462
248
151
429
134
448
479
229
377
67
36
282
354
92
59
257
157
423
456
254
112
342
309
15
403
169
202
500
396
178
209
491
119
333
302
24
Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube, 4th level

281
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
1
2
0
3
2
1
3
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
3
7
6
2
4
0
1
5
4
0
1
5
3
7
6
2
0
4
5
1
7
3
2
6
7
3
2
6
0
4
5
1
5
1
0
4
2
6
7
3
2
6
7
3
5
1
0
4
6
2
3
7
1
5
4
0
1
5
4
0
6
2
3
7
420
154
249
451
95
357
262
64
72
382
285
39
443
129
226
476
330
116
19
297
181
399
496
214
174
408
503
205
337
107
12
306
25
291
324
122
486
224
191
389
509
199
168
414
2
316
347
97
243
457
426
148
272
54
85
367
279
45
78
376
236
466
433
139

374
80
47
277
137
435
468
234
146
428
459
241
365
87
56
270
416
166
197
511
99
345
314
4
124
322
289
27
391
189
222
488
207
501
406
176
308
10
105
339
299
17
114
332
216
494
397
183
37
287
384
70
474
228
131
441
449
251
156
418
62
264
359
93

489
211
180
394
22
304
335
117
13
311
344
110
498
204
171
401
259
57
90
356
256
454
421
159
231
477
446
136
284
34
65
379
84
362
265
51
431
149
246
464
440
142
237
471
75
369
274
44
186
388
483
217
325
127
32
294
350
104
7
317
161
411
508
194

81
363
268
50
430
152
247
461
437
143
240
470
74
372
275
41
187
385
482
220
328
126
29
295
351
101
6
320
164
410
505
195
492
210
177
395
23
301
334
120
16
310
341
111
499
201
170
404
258
60
91
353
253
455
424
158
230
480
447
133
281
35
68
378

282
206
504
407
173
305
11
108
338
298
20
115
329
213
495
400
182
40
286
381
71
475
225
130
444
452
250
153
419
63
261
358
96
375
77
46
280
140
434
465
235
147
425
458
244
368
86
53
271
413
167
200
510
98
348
315
1
121
323
292
26
390
192
223
485
You can use this method to produce a perfect magic 8x8x8 cube from each panmagic 4x4 square.
283
[58] Trick with bimagic square

If replacing each digit by its square in a magic square produces another magic square, the square is said to be a
bimagic square (see for example the smallest possible [= 8x8] bimagic square from the book of Arno van den Essen).
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
260
56
34
57
18
47
31
11180
3136
1156
64
3249
324
2209
81
961
260
33
20
54
48
29
59
260
26
43
13
23
64
38
10
11180
1089
400
2916
2304
49
841
3481
100
49
11180
676
1849
169
529
4096
1444
16
2401
260
19
35
30
53
12
260
15
25
63
41
24
46
60
11180
361
25
1225
900
2809
144
2116
3600
50
40
11180
225
625
3969
1681
576
2500
1600
260
55
17
11
36
260
61
16
42
52
27
58
32
45
11180
36
3025
289
121
1296
3364
1024
2025
39
22
11180
3721
256
1764
2704
729
1521
260
44
62
28
37
14
484
51
21
11180
1936
3844
784
1369
196
2601
441
260
260
11180
11180
II tried to discover a method to produce bimagic squares, but I have failed. But I have discovered a trick to transform
a bimagic 8x8 square in another (= not rotated and/or mirrored version of the) bimagic 8x8 square.
The trick is to split up the bimagic 8x8 square in binary patterns (see chapter [10] panmagic 4x4 square, binary or
chapter [19] 8x8 most perfect magic, binary) and swap the digits 0 and 1 in all binary patterns.
Original patterns bimagic 8x8 square
1x
digit
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
+ 2x digit
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
Digits 0 and 1 swapped

1x
digit
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
+ 2x digit
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
+ 4x digit
+ 4x digit
284
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
+ 8x digit
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
+ 8x digit
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
+ 16x digit
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
+ 16x digit
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
+ 32x digit + 1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
+ 32x digit + 1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
0
Bimagic 8x8 square of van den Essen
Bimagic 8x8 square new
285
9
32
39
46
50
59
4
21
31
45
22
60
40
10
49
3
57
11
52
30
2
48
23
37
8
17
42
35
63
54
13
28
47
58
1
12
24
29
38
51
18
36
27
53
41
7
64
14
56
6
61
19
15
33
26
44
34
55
16
5
25
20
43
62
56
33
26
19
15
6
61
44
34
20
43
5
25
55
16
62
8
54
13
35
63
17
42
28
57
48
23
30
2
11
52
37
18
7
64
53
41
36
27
14
47
29
38
12
24
58
1
51
9
59
4
46
50
32
39
21
31
10
49
60
40
45
22
3
I have checked that the new bimagic vierkant is right.
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
260
11180
260
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
11180
260
31
57
47
18
56
34
11180
81
961
3249
64
2209
324
3136
1156
260
32
45
11
17
58
36
55
11180
1024
2025
121
289
3364
1296
36
3025
260
39
22
52
42
27
61
16
11180
1521
484
2704
1764
729
3721
256
260
46
60
30
35
12
53
19
11180
2116
3600
900
1225
144
2809
361
25
260
50
40
63
24
41
15
25
11180
2500
1600
3969
576
1681
225
625
260
59
10
48
54
29
33
20
11180
3481
100
2304
2916
841
49
1089
400
260
49
23
13
38
64
26
43
11180
16
2401
529
169
1444
4096
676
1849
260
21
37
28
51
14
44
62
11180
441
1369
784
2601
196
1936
3844
N.B.: If you swap 0 and 1 in the binary patterns of a magic square, you swap the highest digit
with the lowest digit, the second highest digit with the second lowest digit, etcetera. And ...
the 'inverse' magic square has the same magic features as the original (even if the original is a
panmagic, most perfect, bimagic, trimagic, concentric, bordered, or inlaid magic square)!!!
286
[59] My favourite links

Encyclopedia magic hyper cubes (Aale de Winkel)
Enumeration, structuring and methods (harvey Heinz)
Enumeration, structuring and methods 3x3 up to 13x13
Construction of Franklin (pan)magic squares (Donald
Morris)
Structure of Franklin (pan)magic squares (miguel Angel
Amela)
Construction of Franklin panmagic squares (Willem
Barink)
Orinal view on magic squares (Craig Knecht)
Magic squares of Luo Shu format (Robert Dickter)
Ultra panmagic squares
287
www.magichypercubes.com/Encyclopedia
www.magic-squares.net
www.gronogo.com/magic
www.bestfranklinsquares.com/home
www.region.com.ar/amela/franklinsquares
wba.novaloka.nl/magic-squares.html
www.knechtmagicsquares.paulscomputing.com
www.luo-shu.com
http://mathsforeurope.digibel.be/magic.htm

How To Produce Perfect Magic Squares

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How To Produce Perfect Magic Squares

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How to produce

Author: Arie Breedijk

Most magic square per order

3x3 magic square

3x3 magic square, explanation

Sudoku method (1)

Sudoku method (2)

Sudoku method (3)

4x4 panmagic square

4x4 panmagic square, explanation

4x4 panmagic square, binary

Drer and Franklin transformation

Transformation method, analysis

5x5 panmagic square

5x5 panmagic square, explanation

6x6 magic square

Ultra magic 8x8 squares

Most perfect magic square, explanation

8x8 most perfect magic square, binary

Khajuraho method, explanation

Basic pattern method (1a)

Basic pattern method (1b)

Basic pattern method (2)

Basic pattern method (3a)

Basic pattern method (3b)

Basic pattern method (3c)

Basic pattern method (4)

Basic pattern method (5)

Basic pattern method (6)

Basic pattern method (7a)

Basic pattern method (7b)

Analysis 8x8 Franklin panmagic

Analysis 8x8 Franklin panmagic (2)

Basic key method 1

Basic key method 2

3x extra magic 9x9 square

10x10 magic square

composite 12x12 magic square

14x14 magic square

15x15 panmagic square

3x extra magic 15x15 square

The perfect magic square

3x extra magic 18x18 magic square

Ultra panmagic 25x25 square

27x27 panmagic square

35x35 panmagic square

extra magic 35x35 square

Inlaid square (1)

Inlaid square (2)

Each magic sum

Water retention challenge

Most magic 4x4x4 cube

Perfect magic 8x8x8 cube

Trick with bymagic square

[2] Most magic square per order

magic 23x23 square, in chapter [14] 5x5 [ultra] panmagic square.

[3] 3x3 magic square

Print this page and get stuck in.

[4] 3x3 magic square, explanation

[5] Sudoku method (1)

This magic square also just happens to be a panmagic square!

Information for whiz kids: