Technical information

Cellasto A cellular polyurethane elastomer

Cellasto automobile auxiliary springs

Cellasto crane buffers

Cellasto seals, damping components and buffers

Cellasto bearings to isolate noise and vibration

The characteristics

Quasistatic progressive pressurecompression behaviour Cellasto components are based on a cellular polyurethane elastomer. The moulded components are produced in a closed-mould foaming process. Depending on the amount of the material used the moulded components have densities of 350 to 650 kg/m 3 . The pore volume accounts for 50 63 % of the moulded volume. The pore diameters lie in the tenth of a millimetre range and are mainly closed. The graphs show experimental data that have been generated with standardized test specimen. When applying this data for product development it should be noted that the material properties further depend on installation conditions, dimensional factors and others. During compression loading, first the pore volume and then the material itself is compressed. It therefore gains rigidity with increasing compression. The material is characterized by progressive pressurecompression behaviour. The maximum compression of Cellasto moulded components depends on their density. The realizable spring excursion increases with decreasing density and can reach up to 80 % of the original length of the component. Large spring excursion and low block dimension characterize moulded components made of this material. For Cellasto components a compressive strain of 4 N/mm 2 represents the dynamic continuous load limit. However, the material is not destroyed by single impacts generating stresses of up to 20 N/mm 2 .

4 bulk density g/cm3 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 normal climatic conditions

2
Compressive stress[N/mm2]

0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Compression [%]

Quasistatic progressive pressure-compression behaviour

P
P

0%

100%

rubber

63%

Cellasto rubber Compression between two plates

Cellasto

Compression in enclosed space

120 100 Increase in diameter [%]

rubber in a cylinder Compressive stress

80 60 40 20

(45 Shore A) rubber

Low transverse expansion and high volume compressibility Compact elastomers show large transverse expansion when compressed. However, this is not the case with cellular polyurethane elastomers. They are characterized by low transverse expansion. Cellasto spring elements are therefore suitable for applications where the sourrounding structural space is confined. Cellasto components also act as springs in enclosed structural space. 2
Cellasto a cellular polyurethane elastomer

Cellasto in a cylinder 20 60 100 Compression [%]

Material grades: Cellasto and rubber in the initial compression range (rubber 45 Shore A. 1.18 g/cm3; Cellasto: 350 kg/m3)

20

40

Cellasto 350 kg/m3 60 80 100

Compression [%]
Scale representation of the compression (compressive deformation of Cellasto and rubber between two plates)

Low transverse expansion and high volume compressibility

The characteristics

Characteristic curves as a function of temperature The mechanical properties of plastics are temperature dependent. They are subject to temperature limits. Moulded Cellasto components gradually harden with decreasing temperature. They are suitable for applications down to about -30C. Moulded Cellasto components that also have to maintain their elasticity at low temperatures can be manufactured from special cryo-flexible Cellasto types. They are then suitable for applications down to about -40C. Moulded Cellasto components gradually soften with increasing temperature. The characteristic curve for Cellasto only changes slightly up to a temperature of approx. 80C, so that moulded Cellasto components can be used in ambient temperatures of up to 80C without losses in elasticity behaviour.

4 bulk density 0,50 g/cm3

2
Compressive stress [N/mm2]

-30 C

-20 C

080 C

0 0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Compression [%]

Characteristic curves as a function of temperature Temperature increase caused by damping The material damps a portion of the mechanical energy input and converts it to heat. The dissipating heat thereby increases the temperature in the stressed moulded component. This temperature should not exceed 110C. For moulded components subject to stresses of constant frequency and constant spring deflection an equilibrium temperature, which has been determined on the basis of standardized form components, is reached. The resultant family of curves the figure on the right is an example enables, already in the moulded component development phase, a prediction as to whether the critical thermal damage temperature would be reached in the foreseen application. Cellasto components which have hardened at low temperatures regain their elastic properties in the course of mechanical stresses and associated warming up.
[H z]
MH 2450
60 50

180 160 140 120 100 80 Temperature [C] 60 40 20 0 10 20 1.0 0.63 2.0

3.0

Fr

eq

ue

y nc

Krit.

110 C

Temperature increase caused by damping

Cellasto a cellular polyurethane elastomer

Sp rin g

40
de fle ct io n [% ]

60

The characteristics

Static load-related creep When dimensioning moulded Cellasto components the increased compression over time at constant load creep must be considered from the outset. The scale of creep, in comparison with reversible compression, is extremely slight and can generally be neglected in standard applications. The measurements performed on test specimens the diagram is but one example of many are carried out over a period of years. Moreover, extrapolation beyond the time of the measurements is possible due to the linearity of the creep curves.
Compression [%]

80 20 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 100 2 5 101 2 5 102 2 5 103 2 5 104 2

20
MH 24-60

20

Time [h]

Dynamic load-related creep Under dynamic loading, in addition to the initial load and load amplitude, the frequency and number of load alternations crucially determine deformation. For otherwise identical loads, compression increases with increasing load frequency. The diagrams above indicate the reason for this. Increasing frequency raises the temperature of the Cellasto specimen; the material becomes softer. The curve in the diagram showing deformation as a function of load alternations flattens out in the forcecontrolled test. The low increase in deformation accords with the remaining compression set. Hence the specimen approximately returns to its original height at the end of the test.
Compression [%]

Static load-related creep

80
7

70 60 50 40 30

20

MH 24-65

20

f = 15 Hz f =3 1/3 Hz

20 10 0 102 2 5 10
3

f = 15 Hz f =3 1/3 Hz

10

10

106 2

Alternating load

Dynamic load-related creep

Material characteristics Property Bulk density Tensile strength Breaking strength Tear growth resistance Residual compressive deformation at 50%/70h/20C deformation at 50%/22h/70C Tested in Material designation: Cellasto MH24 accordance with -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 DIN 53 240 DIN 53 571 Specimen A DIN 53 571 Specimen A DIN 53 515 DIN 53 572 DIN 53 572 350 3.0 350 8.0 3.5 5.0 400 3.5 350 10.0 3.5 5.0 450 4.0 400 12.0 3.5 5.0 500 4.5 400 14.0 3.5 5.0 550 5.5 400 16.0 3.5 5.0 Dimension -60 600 6.5 400 18.0 3.5 5.5 -65 650 7.0 400 20.0 3.5 5.5 kg/m 3 N/mm 2 % N/mm % %

Cellasto a cellular polyurethane elastomer

The characteristics

Loss angle []

Amplitude selective damping For many applications in the field Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) a small damping at low amplitudes of high frequencies is necessary for a good isolation. This is the opposite to large movements where the requirement is rapid damping for dynamic and safe driving purposes. These seemingly contrasting requirements are met equally well with the use of Cellasto. The diagram clearly shows the steep rise in loss angle (a measurement of damping), with the increasing amplitudes for all material densities.

10

Precompression: 30% Frequency: 10 Hz MH 24-35 MH 24-45

MH 24-55 MH 24-65

30 mm
30 mm

0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Amplitude [mm]

Amplitude selective damping

Dynamic stiffening [in comparison to 1 Hz]

Dynamic stiffening Cellasto demonstrates a very low stiffening up to high frequencies. The diagram shows the dynamic stiffening values at high frequencies in comparison to 1 Hz. These values are measured at a precompression of 30 % and an amplitude of 0,1 mm deflection. The stiffening will reduce with the increase of material density. These qualities show Cellasto as the ideal material for use against vibration and to improve noise isolation when used in the construction of many load carrying bearings.

1.4

Precompression: 30% 1.35 Amplitude: 0.1 mm 1.3 1.25 1.2 30 mm 1.15 1.1 1.05 1.0 1 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
30 mm

MH 24-35 MH 24-45 MH 24-55 MH 24-65

180 200

Frequency [Hz]

Very low dynamic stiffening

Cellasto a cellular polyurethane elastomer

BASF Polyurethanes GmbH

The semifinished products and components division processes cellular polyurethane elastomers to Cellasto semifinished products and moulded components. This starts with processing the reactive base materials, through the foaming process, to the moulded Cellasto components. Sophisticated process assurance guarantees a high quality standard. The semifinished products and components division develops the moulded components to customer specifications. Moreover, the company has the backup of wide-ranging experience, up-to-date vibration simulation, CAD technology, tried and tested inspection methods and practice-oriented component testing facilities. In product development the company has access to the whole research and development potential of the parent company.

registered trademark of BASF Polyurethanes GmbH

BASF Polyurethanes GmbH

European Business Management Microcellular Elastomers (Cellasto ) P.O. Box 1140 49440 Lemfoerde Germany Phone +49/54 43/12-23 02 Fax +49/54 43/12-21 05 E-mail cellasto-eu@basf.com www.pu.basf.eu

The information provided here is consistent with the current state of our technical knowledge and experience and replaces the information contained in previous versions. Because of the multitude of influences in the processing and application or our products they do not release the buyers of our products from implementing their own tests and trials. The information merely ser ves as general information and does in no way constitute a guarantee of any specific product conditions or properties (product specification). The details do not describe the suitability of the product for specific applications and purposes. Information regarding quality and useful life or other features do not represent guarantees. Any existing commercial rights and existing laws and regulations must be obser ved under the responsibility of the recipient of our products. Please contact our headquarters or our sales outlet with regard to the availability of products. (10/10)

KU/WM, 180-10-10/GB