Document No.

Reader Author CSOFTX3000 Core Network CDMA Product Development Department

Product Name Product Version Document Version

CSOFTX3000 V100R006 V1.0

Guide to CSOFTX3000 V100R006 Paging Strategy Optimization

Prepared by Reviewed by Tested by Accepted by Wang Xia Lu Jinghui, Wang Qinyu, Yan Tian Date Date Date Date 2007-11-19 2007-11-30

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved.

Guide to CSOFTX3000 V100R006 Paging Strategy Optimization

For Internal Use Only

Revision Records
Date 2007-11-19 2007-11-30 Revised Version V1.00 V1.01 Description Completed the initial draft. Revised according to review suggestions. Author Wang Xia Wang Xia

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Forewords.....................................................................................................................2 1.1 Background.......................................................................................................................2 1.1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................2 1.1.2 Scenarios................................................................................................................3 1.1.3 Present Service State and Huawei Service Feature.................................................3 1.2 Interworking with Other Network Elements.........................................................................3 1.3 Service Restriction.............................................................................................................3 Chapter 2 Overview......................................................................................................................3

2.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................3 2.1.1 Definition.................................................................................................................3 2.1.2 Service Interaction...................................................................................................4 2.1.3 Benefits...................................................................................................................5 2.1.4 Requirements for Other Network Elements..............................................................5 2.2 Service Flow......................................................................................................................5 2.2.1 Paging Strategy Optimization..................................................................................5 2.2.2 IsPage Optimization................................................................................................7 2.2.3 Paging Optimization for Whole Network...................................................................9 2.3 Service Implementation....................................................................................................14 2.3.1 Principle................................................................................................................14 2.3.2 Requirements........................................................................................................15 2.3.3 License Application................................................................................................15 2.3.4 Software Parameter...............................................................................................15 2.4 Data Configuration...........................................................................................................15 2.4.1 Configuration on the CSOFTX3000 Side..............................................................15 2.4.2 Data Configuration on the UMG8900 Side.............................................................16 2.4.3 Data Configuration on the HLR Side......................................................................16 2.4.4 Data Configuration on the BSC Side......................................................................16 2.5 Service Management.......................................................................................................17 2.5.1 For Operators........................................................................................................17 2.5.2 For Mobile Subscribers..........................................................................................17 2.6 Bill and Charging..............................................................................................................17 2.6.1 Principle................................................................................................................17 2.6.2 Bill Generation.......................................................................................................17 2.7 Troubleshooting...............................................................................................................17

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Keywords: paging, paging strategy, paging interval Abstract: This document is used to guide the optimization of the paging strategy. Abbreviations: Abbreviations IsPage Full Spelling InterSystemPage

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Chapter 1 Forewords
1.1 Background
1.1.1 Introduction
The optimization includes the following aspects:

Paging strategy optimization

In Tibet and areas in countries outside China, a set of core network equipment covers many areas, especially in the multi-area networking. The great geography difference of those areas requires the customized configuration of paging parameter and paging strategy based on each area. At present, the paging parameters of CSOFTX3000 and most paging strategies are efficient globally and they are different only in the service flow. This impacts the success paging ratio of the switch and increases the load of paging channel. The global paging parameters and strategies are also disadvantageous for the network optimization according to the actual condition. Therefore, the paging strategies need be optimized, so that different areas can use different paging strategies.

IsPage optimization

When a subscriber locates in the boundary of two MSCs, the InterSystemPage (IsPage) may be triggered at the same time when the first paging is triggered. The CSOFTX3000, however, does not support the IsPage in the first paging at present. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the paging strategy, so as to allow the IsPage in the first paging.

Paging optimization for whole network

After the multi-area networking is formed by migrating and integrating the original network, the virtual MSCIDs are not distinguished in the whole network paging. Instead, the paging message is sent to BSCs in all the MSCIDs. This is different with that of the whole network paging before the migration and integration. At present, the paging message can be sent to at most 10 BSCs at the same time. Therefore, the BSC in the MSCID where the subscriber is located may be not included. The preceding problem also exists in the multi-area networking (not formed by migrating or integrating the original network), so the whole network paging need be optimized.

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1.1.2 Scenarios
The paging strategy optimization is applicable to all the markets, especially in the scenario with execrable ratio resources and complex terrain. No special networking is required.

1.1.3 Present Service State and Huawei Service Feature

None.

1.2 Interworking with Other Network Elements

An HLR is required for optimizing the whole network paging.

1.3 Service Restriction

None.

Chapter 2 Overview
2.1 Introduction
The base version of this document is CSOFTX3000 V100R006.

2.1.1 Definition
The optimization includes the following aspects:

Paging strategy optimization

In Tibet and areas in countries outside China, a set of core network equipment covers many areas, especially in the multi-area networking. The great geography difference of those areas requires the customized configuration of paging parameter and paging strategy based on each area. At present, the paging parameters of CSOFTX3000 and most paging strategies are efficient globally and they are different only in the service flow. This impacts the success paging ratio of the switch and increases the load of paging channel. The global paging parameters and strategies are also disadvantageous for the network optimization based on the actual condition. Therefore, the paging strategies need be optimized, so that different areas can use different
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paging strategies.

IsPage optimization

When a subscriber locates in the boundary of two MSCs, the IsPage may be triggered in the first paging. The CSOFTX3000, however, does not support the IsPage in the first paging, so it is necessary to optimize the paging strategy, so as to allow the IsPage in the first paging.

Paging optimization for entire network

After the multi-area networking is formed by migrating and integrating the original network, the virtual MSCIDs are not distinguished in the whole network paging. Instead, the paging message is sent to BSCs in all the MSCIDs. This is different with that of the whole network paging before the migration and integration. At present, the paging message can be sent to at most 10 BSCs at the same time. Therefore, the BSC in the MSCID where the subscriber is located may be not included. The preceding problem exists in the multi-area networking (not formed by migrating or integrating the original network), so the whole network paging need be optimized. The specific method is: trigger the whole network paging in a virtual MSC. If the paging fails, trigger the whole network paging in an MSC.

2.1.2 Service Interaction

2.1.2 lists the interaction between the paging strategy optimization and other services. Figure 1.1 Interaction between the paging strategy optimization and other services Service Paging strategy optimization and extended paging Paging strategy optimization and IsPage incoming paging Paging strategy optimization and early paging Paging strategy optimization and whole network paging Interaction In the extended paging, the paging strategy used is consistent with that used before the extended paging is triggered. The default paging strategy is used in the IsPage incoming paging.

The default paging strategy is used in the early paging.

The default paging strategy is used in the whole network paging. The whole network paging in the extended paging, however, adopts the paging strategy related to the location area.

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Paging strategy optimization and whole network paging flow IsPage optimization and whole network paging Whole network paging optimization and whole network paging flow Optimization of whole network paging and virtual MSCID

The default paging strategy is used in the flow of the whole network paging.

If the first paging is a whole network paging, the IsPage flow is not triggered during the first paging.

The procedure of whole network paging in a virtual MSCID is also controlled by the whole network paging flow.

If the virtual MSCID function is not enabled or only an MSCID is configured, the whole network paging in a virtual MSCID acts as the whole network paging in an MSC.

2.1.3 Benefits
I. For Subscribers
The paging strategy optimization can improve the satisfaction of subscribers.

II. For Operators

The paging strategy optimization can improve the service quality and reduce the network load, thus reduce the costs.

2.1.4 Requirements for Other Network Elements

An HLR is required for optimizing the whole network paging.

2.2 Service Flow

This section describes the paging strategy optimization, IsPage optimization, and paging optimization for the whole network. Also, this section introduces the service flow related to each optimization service.

2.2.1 Paging Strategy Optimization

By default, the Paging Strategy Table and Paging Interval Table tables have only one record separately. And the coverage of the records is global. The paging strategy optimization allows different location areas to use different paging strategies and
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multiple records can be configured in the Paging Strategy Table and Paging Interval Table tables. In addition, the correlation between the location area and the paging strategy is established in Location Area Cell Table. The paging strategy optimization is available to all the services related to the paging, including voice terminating call, data receive, mobile terminating short message service, SSD update, OTAPA resource allocation, LBS location service, and PRC. In this section, the normal paging of ordinary voice terminating call is taken as an example.

MSC
Call Delivery
When obtaining the paging information, obtain the paging strategy based on the location information.

BSC

a b

Paging Request

1)

During the incoming trunk call, when obtaining the BSC information required by the paging, the MSC determines the paging strategy based on information of the current location area of the subscriber. If there is no information about the location area, the default paging strategy is used.

2)

The preceding associated paging strategy is used in the subsequent sending of paging message and control of paging procedure.

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Note:

The preceding paging strategy contains information in Paging Strategy Table and Paging Interval Table. The preceding default paging strategy indicates the first record in Paging Strategy Table and Paging Interval Table. The first record in the two tables always exists and cannot be removed.

The default paging strategy is used in the whole network paging. The whole network paging in the extended paging, however, adopts the paging strategy related to the location area and the strategy is consistent with that used before the extended paging is triggered.

In the extended paging (not the whole network paging), the paging strategy used is consistent with that used before the extended paging is triggered. The default paging strategy is used in the IsPage incoming paging. The LAC location information contained in the IsPage request is the LAC information of another office, so the relation with the paging strategy of local office cannot be established. At present, the IsPage incoming paging is available only when the subscriber does not exist, so the default paging strategy is used in the IsPage incoming paging.

The parameters Early paging control mode, Reply function of receiving SMS, Paging identification (IMSI is preferred or MIN is preferred), Paging scope on feature services, Maximum whole network paging number per second are only valid in the default paging strategy.

2.2.2 IsPage Optimization

I. IsPaging Optimization in Early Paging

HLR

Serving MSC
ROUTREQ

BSC

Border MSC a

Paging Request InterSystemPage

b c

The serving MSC receives the ROUTREQ message from the HLR.
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If the default paging strategy denotes that the early paging need be triggered, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC.

If InterSystemPage point with early paging in the paging strategy related to the current location area is set to 0, the IsPage is triggered in the first paging. The InterSystemPage message is sent to the border MSC.

Note:

Whether IsPage can be triggered in the first paging depends on the location area information and data related to the IsPage outgoing paging. If the first paging is a whole network paging generated when the subscriber does not exists, the subscriber is deactivated, or there is no information about the location area, the IsPage flow is not triggered. This is because the current location area cannot be obtained or the obtained location area information is not exact.

II. IsPage Opimization in Normal Paging

HLR

Serving ROUTREQ

MSC

BSC

Border

MSC a b

routreq(Dest digits) Incoming call

Paging Request InterSystemPage

c d e

a. b. c. d. e.

The serving MSC receives a ROUTREG message from the HLR. The serving MSC allocates the TLDN and sends it to the HLR. The call is routed into the local office. The serving MSC sends a Paging Request message to the BSC. If InterSystemPage point with normal paging in the paging strategy related to the current

location area is set to 0, the IsPage is triggered in the first paging. The InterSystemPage message is sent to the border MSC.

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Note:

Whether IsPage can be triggered in the first paging depends on the location area information and data related to the IsPage outgoing paging. If the first paging is a whole network paging generated when the subscriber does not exists, the subscriber is deactivated, or there is no information about the location area, the IsPage flow is not triggered. This is because the current location area cannot be obtained or the obtained location area information is not exact.

2.2.3 Paging Optimization for Whole Network

I. Optimization for Whole Network Paging Triggered Because Subscriber Does not Exist, Subscriber Is Deactivated, or There Is No Information About the Location Area

HLR

Serving MSC

BSC Under MSCID1

BSC Under MSCID2 a b

ROUTREQ (ExtendMSCID and LAC) Paging Request

Paging Request Paging Request

Figure Description 1) The serving MSC receives the ROUTREQ message from the HLR. (The serving MSC contains two virtual MSCs; that is, MSCID1 and MSCID2. The following descriptions are based on this precondition if there is no special instruction.) The information element ExtendMSCID or LAC contained in the message denotes that the subscriber locates in the virtual MSCID1. 2) 3) The serving MSC sends a Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. The serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. Paging Optimization for Whole Network
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After the serving MSC receives the ROUTREQ message, if the whole network paging need be triggered (because the subscriber is deactivated, the subscriber is not located in the MSC, or there is no information about the location area), proceed as follows:

If Whole network paging of the default paging strategy in Paging Strategy Table is set to Off, the flow is terminated. If Whole network paging of the default paging strategy in Paging Strategy Table is set to On, the configuration of Whole network paging scope in the default paging strategy is judged.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSCID), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSC), step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (first MSCID and then MSC), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. If the paging fails, step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

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Note:

At present, only the MSCID on the caller side and LAC of the callee contained in the ROUTREQ message are descried in the protocol, while the MSCID on the callee side is not required. Therefore, not the HLRs of all the suppliers support the function of containing ExtendMSCID of the MSC where the callee is located in the ROUTREQ message.

When the whole network paging is triggered, Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSCID) or Whole network paging scope(first MSCID and then MSC), but the MSCID of the callee cannot be obtained (for example, ExtendMSCID and LAC are not contained in the ROUTREQ message from the HLR). To be compatible with the HLR and improve the paging success ratio, the whole network paging in an MSC is directly performed, regardless of the settings of Whole network paging scope.

If the ROUTREQ message from the HLR contains ExtendMSCID and LAC at the same time, the priority of ExtendMSCID is higher than the MSCID information obtained based on the LAC.

After the paging is responded, if the MSCID of the subscriber is inconsistent with that before the paging, the call flow is terminated. Therefore, the whole network paging in an MSC may be meaningless. The rule, however, remains in view of the charging.

For the data called service and non-early-paging trunk incoming voice service, if the whole network paging is triggered because there is no information of the location area, the processing is consistent with the whole network paging in the early paging procedure.

Whole network paging scope (MSCID) can be performed for at most one time. Whole network paging scope (MSC) can be performed for at most one time. This rule is also applied to the subsequent whole network paging.

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II. Optimization for Whole Network Paging of Extended Paging Triggered Due to Paging Failure

Serving MSC
Optimization for whole network paging of extended paging triggered due to paging failure

BSC Under MSCID1

BSC Under MSCID2

a

Paging Request

Paging Request Paging Request c

Figure Description 1) If the early paging or ordinary paging fails, the whole network paging of the extended paging is triggered. (The parameter All MSC paging flag in the adjacent location area cell tables is set to Yes.) 2) 3) The serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. The serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. Paging Procedure for Whole Network If the early paging or ordinary paging fails, the whole network paging of the extended paging is triggered. The configuration of the parameter All MSC paging flag in the paging strategy related to the current flow is judged:

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSCID), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSC), step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (first MSCID and then MSC), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. If the paging fails, step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving

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MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

III. Optimization for Whole Network Paging Triggered Because There Is No Information About the Location Area in Location Paging

Serving MSC

BSC Under MSCID1

BSC Under MSCID2

Whole network paging triggered by ordinary SMS and location paging for special features because there is no information about the location area. Paging Request

Paging Request Paging Request c

Figure Description 1) 2) 3) The location paging triggers the whole network paging because there is no information about the location area. The serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. The serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. Paging Procedure for Whole Network In the location paging, if the whole network paging is triggered because there is no information about the location area, the configuration of the parameter Whole network paging scope in the default paging strategy will be judged:

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSCID), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1.If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSC), step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

If Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (first MSCID and then MSC), step b in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1. If

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the paging fails, step c in the preceding figure is executed. That is, the serving MSC sends the Paging Request message to the BSC under MSCID1 and BSC under MSCID2 at the same time. If the paging fails, the flow is terminated.

Note:

The location paging is applied to the services such as SMS terminating call, SSD update, OTAPA resource allocation, LBS location service, and PRC. When the whole network paging is triggered, Whole network paging scope is set to Whole network paging scope (MSCID) or Whole network paging scope (first MSCID and then MSC), but the MSCID of the callee cannot be obtained (for example, ExtendMSCID and LAC are not contained in the ROUTREQ message from the HLR). To be compatible with the HLR and improve the success ratio of short message, the whole network paging in an MSC is directly performed, regardless of the settings of Whole network paging scope.

The whole network paging of the location paging does not judge the parameter Whole network paging in the default paging strategy. This is based on the consideration for the forward compatibility. For example, the support for the existent short message broadcast service.

2.3 Service Implementation

2.3.1 Principle
Multiple records can be configured in Paging Strategy Table and Paging Interval Table. (At most 256 records can be configured for each table.) In Local Area Cell Table, different location areas can refer to different paging strategies and paging interval information; that is, the paging strategy and paging interval information can be specific to each location area. In Paging Strategy Table, InterSystemPage point with early paging is set to 0; that is, the IsPage can be triggered in the first paging when the early paging function is enabled. In Paging Strategy Table, InterSystemPage point with normal paging is set to 0; that is, the IsPage can be triggered in the first paging in a common paging event. In Paging Strategy Table, define the scope of whole network paging. The values contain Whole network paging scope (MSCID), Whole network paging scope
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(MSC), and Whole network paging scope (first MSCID and then MSC); that is, the scope of whole network paging is fractionalized based on the MSCID.

2.3.2 Requirements
None.

2.3.3 License Application

No License is required for the paging strategy optimization.

2.3.4 Software Parameter

No software parameter need be set for the paging strategy optimization.

2.4 Data Configuration

2.4.1 Configuration on the CSOFTX3000 Side
To optimize the paging strategy, configure the following tables at the CSOFTX3000 side:

I. Configuring the Data Tables

Paging Strategy Table: Run ADD PAGINGSTRA to add the paging strategy information. Paging Interval Table: Run ADD PAGEINTVL to add the paging interval information. Location Area Cell Table: Run ADD LAICGI or MOD LAICGI to refer to the paging strategy information.

II. Configuration Examples

Adding the paging strategy information.

- Paging strategy name: outskirt - Early paging: Use the early paging - Paging optimization: Use the paging optimization function - Whole network paging: On - Whole network paging scope: first MSCID and then MSC - Reply function of receiving SMS: Need wait the reply - Location paging: Location paging

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- Paging scope on feature services: Send paging by using LAC - Paging identification: IMSI is preferred - InterSystemPage point: 0 - Maximum whole network paging number per second: 50 ADD PAGINGSTRA: PGSTRANM="outskirt", RFRSM=TRUE, EP=TRUE, LP=TRUE, PO=TRUE, PSFS=LAC, WNPO=VPMSCWP, WNP=ON,

PID=IMSI, IP=0, WNPT=50;

Adding the paging interval information.

- Paging interval name: outskirt - Paging interval T1 (Second): 5 - Paging interval T2 (Second): 4 - Paging interval T3 (Second): 4 - Remain paging interval (Second): 3 ADD PAGEINTVL: PGINTVLNM="outskirt", PIT1=5, PIT2=4, PIT3=4, RPI=3;

Quoting the preceding new paging strategy.

- LAI/CGI: 460030001 - Virtual MSCe node name: LOCAL - Paging strategy name: outskirt - Paging interval name: outskirt MOD LAICGI: CGI="460030001", MMN="LOCAL", PGSTRANM="outskirt", PGINTVLNM="outskirt";

2.4.2 Data Configuration on the UMG8900 Side

No data configuration is required on the UMG8900 side.

2.4.3 Data Configuration on the HLR Side

No data configuration is required on the HLR side.

2.4.4 Data Configuration on the BSC Side

No data configuration is required on the BSC side.

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2.5 Service Management

2.5.1 For Operators
Not involved.

2.5.2 For Mobile Subscribers

Not involved.

2.6 Bill and Charging

2.6.1 Principle
Not involved.

2.6.2 Bill Generation

Not involved.

2.7 Troubleshooting
None.

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