J.

Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Journal of Differential Equations
www.elsevier.com/locate/jde
Limit behavior of the solution to nonlinear viscoelastic
Marguerrevon Krmn shallow shell system

Fushan Li
School of Mathematical Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, PR China
a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t
Article history:
Received 15 November 2006
Revised 4 August 2009
Available online 20 May 2010
MSC:
74K25
80M35
Keywords:
Viscoelastic
Shallow shell
Plate
This paper is concerned with the nonlinear full Marguerrevon
Krmn shallow shell system with a dissipative mechanism of
memory type. The model depends on one small parameter. The
main purpose of this paper is to show that as the parameter
approaches zero, the limiting system is the well-known full von
Krmn model with memory for thin plates.
2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction
In this paper, we consider the nonlinear full Marguerrevon Krmn shallow shell model with
a dissipative mechanism of memory type. The model depends on one small parameter. The main
result of the article shows that as the parameter approaches zero, the limiting system is the well-
known full von Krmn model with memory for thin plates.
Systems described by von Krmn or Marguerrevon Krmn type of models have been studied
for many years. However, the majority of the results were on the static or semistatic models (see
[1,3,8,9] and references therein), where the mathematical analysis were very different. In the dy-
namic case, the model that has attracted many attentions is the so called modied von Krmn model
with clamped boundary conditions. Problems related to boundary stabilization of von Krmn equa-
tions have attracted considerable attentions in recent years. Indeed, starting with [10] and followed

Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10871116, 10771118), the Natural Science
Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Q2008A08), STPF of University in Shandong Province of China (J09LA04),
the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shandong Province (20093043) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
(20090451291).
E-mail address: fushan99@163.com.
0022-0396/$ see front matter 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.jde.2010.05.005
1242 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
by papers [5,6], uniform decay properties for the energy of the modied von Krmn system with
boundary dissipation were established. We recall that in the case of the modied von Krmn system,
the in-plane displacements are not accounted for and the system can be decoupled via the Airy stress
function (thus it is reduced to a scalar equation).
The full von Krmn system is much more complicated (due to the strong coupling between hyper-
bolic equations). In fact, the very rst analysis of full von Krmn model was presented in [11], where
energy decay for the one-dimensional full von Krmn model was rst derived. The two-dimensional
version of this model was subsequently treated in [12], where the uniform decay rates were proved
for a combination of static/dynamic models with a nonlinear boundary dissipation, a linear growth at
the innity and of a polynomial growth at the origin. The dynamic von Krmn system accounting
for in-plane accelerations was treated in [2,5,1315,21,26].
The decay rate of viscoelastic modied von Krmn plate equations was proved in [23]. A full
viscoelastic von Krmn plate model was considered in [24], where the uniform decay rates were
proved. In [19], we showed the energy functional associated with the model treated in this paper
decays exponentially to zero as time goes to innity.
The modied Marguerrevon Krmn equations can degenerate to membrane equation and plate
equation under suitable conditions, respectively (see [7,22]). The so-called Timoshenko and Berger
models for plates may be obtained as limits of full von Krmn system when suitable parameters
tend to zero (see [20]).
We have proved that the so-called two-dimensional membrane and exural models for shells can be
obtained as limits of three-dimensional linear viscoelastic shell systems (see [16,17]) and the Koiter
shell equations converge to the membrane or exural shell models under some conditions, respec-
tively (see [18]).
Let be a bounded domain of R
2
with a suciently smooth boundary =
0

1
. We shall
assume that
0

1
= and
0
= , C
3
(, R) such that

= 0 along ( = 1, 2). The vector

= (
1
,
2
) is the unit exterior normal and = (
2
,
1
) represents the tangential direction on .
Here, the variables w and u = (u
1
, u
2
) represent, respectively, the vertical and in-plane displacement
of a shallow shell occupying the domain . The model of the nonlinear full Marguerrevon Krmn
shallow shell with a dissipative mechanism of memory type is given by
u

(t) Div N(t) = 0 in (0, ), (1.1)

w

(t) w

(t) +
2
w(t)
+
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds div

N(t)

+ w(t)

= 0 in (0, ), (1.2)
where the stress resultants N(t) are given by
N(t) := C

u(t)

+ f

+ w(t)

f ()

0
g

(s)C

u
t
(s)

+ f

+ w
t
(s)

f ()

ds.
We introduce notations w
t
(s) = w(t s),

=
t
. g(t) and h(t) are relaxation functions. In (1.1)(1.2),
Div denotes the vector valued divergence of a matrix and div stands for scalar divergence of a vector
eld, C is a linear operator dened on M with value on M, the space of 2 2 symmetric matrices,
and dened as
C() =
E
d(1
2
)

(tr )I +(1 )

F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1243

for any M, where I is the identity matrix and tr denotes the trace of . Moreover, d > 0 is the
density of the shell, E > 0 denotes the Young modulus and (0 < <
1
2
) is the Poissons ratio. On the
other hand, e(u) =
1
2
(u +u
T
) and the nonlinear function f : R
2
M is dened as f (s) =
1
2
s s,
for all s R
2
. The positive constant is the proportional to the thickness of the shallow shell. Clearly,
N(t) is symmetric.
With (1.1) and (1.2), we associate the boundary conditions on the portion of the boundary
0
,
u = 0, w =

w = 0 on
0
(0, ), (1.3)
and the boundary conditions on the remaining portion of the boundary
1
,

N(t) =0 on
1
(0, ),
B
1
w(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
2
w(t)

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds N(t)

+ w(t)

= 0 on
1
(0, ),
(1.4)
where
B
1
w = w +(1 )B
1
w, B
2
w =

w +(1 )

B
2
w,
and the boundary operators B
1
and B
2
are dened by
B
1
w = 2
1

2
w
xy

2
1
w
yy

2
2
w
xx
, B
2
w =

2
1

2
2

w
xy
+
1

2
(w
yy
w
xx
).
With (1.1) and (1.2), we also associate the initial conditions

u(0+) = u
0
, u

(0+) = u
1
, w(0+) = w
0
, w

(0+) = w
1
in ,
u(s) = (s), w(s) = (s), < s < 0,
(1.5)
where

(s),

(s)

, 0; H
2
H
1

(s),

(s)

, 0; H
3
H
2

,
the symbol L

c
denotes the subspace of L

such that there exists a constant T when t the functions

vanish as s <T .
We assume that the relaxation functions g(t) and h(t) satisfy
g, h C
3
[0, ), g(t), h(t) > 0, g

(t), h

(t) < 0, g

(t), h

(t) 0. (1.6)
Hypotheses (1.6) assure that the viscoelastic energy (dened below) is non-increasing. g

(resp. h

) :=
g()(resp. h()) and g

(resp. h

) := g

()(resp. h

()) both exist, g

(resp. h

) 0 and
g

(resp. h

) := g

()(resp. h

()) = 0. We suppose that (cf. [10])

g() > 0, h() > 0, g(0) =h(0) =1. (1.7)
Assumption (1.7) means that the material behaves like a viscoelastic solid at t = +.
1244 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Remark 1.1. There are many functions satisfying (1.6) and (1.7).
To simplify notation we denote by the expression
:=e(u) + f

( + w)

()

. (1.8)
Nonlinear viscoelastic full von Krmn model of plate is given by
u

(t) Div N(t) = 0 in (0, ), (1.9)

w

(t) w

(t) +
2
w(t)
+
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds div

N(t)w(t)

= 0 in (0, ), (1.10)
where
N(t) := C

u(t)

+ f

w(t)

0
g

(s)C

u
t
(s)

+ f

w
t
(s)

ds.
We complete the system (1.9)(1.10) with initialboundary conditions as (1.3), (1.5) and boundary
conditions on
1
,

N(t) = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
1
w(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
2
w(t)

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds =0 on
1
(0, ).
(1.11)
We suppose that g(t) and h(t) satisfy (1.6)(1.7).
2. Main result
In order to achieve our results, we perturb system (1.1)(1.2) by a parameter > 0 which later will
tends to zero. More precisely, instead of (1.1)(1.2) we consider
u

(t) Div N

(t) = 0 in (0, ), (2.1)

w

(t) w

(t) +
2
w

(t)
+
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds div

(t)

+ w

(t)

= 0 in (0, ) (2.2)
with boundary conditions on the portion of the boundary
0
,
u

= 0, w

= 0 on
0
(0, ). (2.3)
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1245
The boundary conditions on the remaining portion of the boundary are given by

(t) = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
1
w

(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds =0 on
1
(0, ),
B
2
w

(t)

w

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ).
(2.4)
With (2.1)(2.2), we associate the initial conditions

(0+) = u
0
, u

(0+) = u
1
, w

(0+) = w
0
, w

(0+) = w
1
in ,
u

(s) = (s), w

(s) = (s), < s < 0,

(2.5)
where

(s),

(s)

, 0; H
2
H
1

(s),

(s)

, 0; H
3
H
2

.
Here, the stress resultants N

(t) are given by

N

(t) := C

(t)

+ f

+ w

(t)

()

0
g

(s)C

u
t
(s)

+ f

+ w
t
(s)

()

ds
with w
t
(s) = w

(t s). g(t) and h(t) are relaxation functions satisfying (1.6)(1.7).

Formally, as = 0, model (2.1)(2.2) change into system (1.9)(1.10). As we said above, the main
goal of this paper is to analyze the proximity of these two models. Our result is based on the following
theorem.
Theorem 2.1. Assume that g(t) and h(t) satisfy conditions (1.6)(1.7). For any initial data

u
0
, u
1

H
2
()

H
1
()

2
,

w
0
, w
1

H
3
() H
2
()
subject to the compatibility conditions satised on the boundary ,
u
0
=w
0
= w
1
=0, w
1
= w
0
= 0 on
0
,
N(0) = 0 on
1
,
B
1

w
0
+

0
h

(s)w(s) ds

= 0 on
1
.
Then for any T > 0, there exists a unique global solution to (2.1)(2.5) satisfying

, u

, u

0, T ;

H
2
()

H
1
()

L
2
()

, w

, w

0, T ; H
3
() H
2
() H
1
()

.
1246 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Proof. We can use the method proposed by Lasiecka [14] to show the existence and uniqueness as
well as the regularity of the global solution. 2
Our main result is formulated as follows.
Theorem 2.2. Let the small parameter > 0 and consider the unique solution (u

, w

) of system (2.1)(2.5).
Then

, u

, u

u, u

, u

weak-star in L

0, T ;

H
1
()

L
2
()

H
1
()

, w

, w

w, w

, w

weak-star in L

0, T ; H
2
() H
1
() L
2
()

as 0, where (u, w) is the unique (weak) solution of (1.9)(1.10) with

u(0) = u
0
, u

(0) = u
1
, w(0) = w
0
, w

(0) = w
1
,
u = 0, w =

w = 0 on
0
(0, ),
N(t) =0 on
1
(0, ),
B
1
w(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
2
w(t)

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ).
3. Preliminaries
To prove the main result, we give some important preliminaries in this section. We adopt the
following notations (u, v) := (u, v)
L
2
()
, u, v := (u, v)
L
2
(
1
)
, u
s,
:= u
H
s
()
. Denote |A(t)|
2
:=

i, j
a
2
i j
(t),
d
dt
A(t) := A

(t) = (a

i j
(t)), A(t) B(t) :=

i, j
a
i j
(t)b
i j
(t), (A(t), B(t)) :=

i, j
(a
i j
(t), b
i j
(t)), for
any pair of tensors A(t) = (a
i j
(t)) and B(t) = (b
i j
(t)).
First the energy of the system must be properly dened. The total energy can be expected to
consist of two parts. One part involves the current kinetic and strain energies, and the other will
involve the past history of stains. To obtain the appropriate expression, we rst rewrite system (2.1),
(2.2) and (2.4) in the form
u

(t) Div

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

= 0 in (0, ), (3.1)
w

(t) w

(t) +h

2
w

(t) +
2

0
h

(s)

w
t
(s) w

(t)

ds
div

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

+ w

(t)

= 0
in (0, ), (3.2)
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1247

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

=0 on
1
(0, ),
h

B
1
w

(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)

w
t
(s) w

(t)

ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
h

B
2
w

(t)

w

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)

w
t
(s) w

(t)

ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
(3.3)
where

(t) :=e

(t)

+ f

+ w

(t)

f ().
We dene the energy functional E

(t) of the system (2.1)(2.2) as

E

(t) = E

k
(t) + E

p
(t), (3.4)
where
E

k
(t) =
1
2

u

(t)

2
0,
+

w

(t)

2
0,
+

w

(t)

2
0,

,
E

p
(t) =
1
2

(t)

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,
t
(s)

(t)

ds

+
1
2

, w

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

ds

,
and the functional a(w, v) is dened as
a(w, v) =

w
xx
v
xx
+ w
yy
v
yy
+(w
xx
v
yy
+ w
yy
v
xx
) +2(1 )w
xy
v
xy

d. (3.5)
For simplicity, we denote a(w, w) by a(w). In the following, c
i
and c denote positive constants.
Lemma 3.1. Assume w W() = {w H
2
(), w =

w = 0 on
0
}, tensor (t) and functional a(w) are
dened in (1.8) and (3.5), respectively. Then
c
1

2
w

2
0,
a(w) c
2

2
w

2
0,
, (3.6)
w
2
L
4
()
c
3
a(w), (3.7)
c
4

(t)

2
C

(t)

(t) c
5

(t)

2
, (3.8)

(t)

(t) =C

(t)

(t)

. (3.9)
1248 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Proof. Inequality (3.6) follows from the denition of a(w). By H
1
() L
q
(), q 2, we have
w(t)
2
L
4
()
cw(t)
2
2,
. Combining with w(t)
2
2,
a(w) we obtain (3.7). Let
:=

11

12

21

22

.
Hence
C() =

11
+
22
(1 )
12
(1 )
21

22
+
11

,
and
C() =

2
11
+
2
22
+2
11

22
+(1 )

2
12
+
2
21

.
Combining with 0 < <
1
2
and noticing =
E
d(1
2
)
> 0, we get (3.8).

(t)

(t) =

11
+

22
(1 )

12
(1 )

21

22
+

11

11

12

21

22

= C

(t)

(t)

.
The proof is completed. 2
Lemma 3.2. Let w and v be functions in H
4
() W. Then, we have

2
wv d =a(w, v) +

(B
2
w)v (B
1
w)

d.
Proof. The denition of a(w, v) gives

wv d =a(w, v) +

(1 )(w
xx
v
yy
+ w
yy
v
xx
) 2(1 )w
xy
v
xy

d.
Using Greens formula we see

2
w

v d =

1
(

w)v d

1
w

v d +a(w, v)
+

(1 )(w
xx
v
yy
+ w
yy
v
xx
) 2(1 )w
xy
v
xy

d. (3.10)
Since

(w
xx
v
yy
+ w
yy
v
xx
) 2w
xy
v
xy

d
=

1
(w
xx
v
y

2
+ w
yy
v
x

1
) d

(w
xxy
v
y
+ w
xyy
v
x
) d

1
(w
xy
v
y

1
+ w
xy
v
x

2
) d +

(w
xyy
v
y
+ w
xyy
v
x
) d. (3.11)
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1249
Using

v = v
x

1
+ v
y

2
,

v =v
x

2
+ v
y

1
,
we get
v
x
=

v
1

v
1
, v
y
=

v
2
+

v
1
. (3.12)
Inserting (3.11) and (3.12) into (3.10) and noticing

1
f

v d =

f v d,
we obtain the conclusion. 2
Lemma 3.3. Under the above notations and assumptions (1.6) and (1.7), we have that
d
dt
E

(t) =
1
2

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

1
2

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,
t
(s)

(t)

ds
0.
Proof. Multiplying (3.1) by u

and integrating the result over and adding the Greens formula yields

u

(t), u

(t)

+ g

, e

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

ds = 0. (3.13)
Multiplying (3.2) by w

and integrating the result over and using the Greens formula yields

w

(t), w

(t)

w

(t), w

(t)

+h

(t); w

(t)

w

(t)

B
2
w

(t)
w

(t)

w

(t)

B
1
w

(t)

d
+

0
h

(s)

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w

(t)

ds + g

(t)

+ w

(t)

w

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

+ w

(t)

w

(t)

= 0. (3.14)
Clearly,

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w

(t)

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w

(t) w
t
(s)

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w
t
(s)

. (3.15)
1250 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
By applying Lemma 3.2, the rst term on the right-hand side of (3.15) equals

1
2

t
a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w
t
(s) w

(t)

B
2

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w
t
(s) w

(t)

B
1

w
t
(s) w

(t)

d. (3.16)
In the same way, the second term on the right-hand side of (3.15) equals

1
2

s
a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w
t
(s)B
2

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w
t
(s)

B
1

w
t
(s) w

(t)

d. (3.17)
Therefore, from (3.15)(3.17), we have

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w

(t)

=
1
2

t
a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

1
2

s
a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w

(t)B
2

w
t
(s) w(t)

w

(t)

B
1

w
t
(s) w

(t)

d. (3.18)
Consequently, we conclude that

0
h

(s)

2
w
t
(s)
2
w

(t), w

(t)

ds
=
1
2

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

+
1
2

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

0
h

(s)

w

(t)B
2

w
t
(s) w

(t)

w

(t)

B
1

w
t
(s) w

(t)

d ds. (3.19)
Summing (3.13) and (3.14), using (3.19) and the boundary conditions (3.3) together with the sym-
metric of (t) yields
1
2
d
dt

u

(t)

2
+

w

(t)

2
+

w

(t)

2
+ g

(t)

(t)

+h

(t)

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

ds

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,

(t)

ds
+
1
2

0
h

(s)a

w
t
(s) w

(t)

= 0. (3.20)
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1251
Noticing

t
(s)

(t)

,

(t)

t
(s)

(t)

,

(t)
t
(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,
t
(s)

. (3.21)
Thus

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,

(t)

ds
=
1
2
d
dt

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,
t
(s)

(t)

ds
+
1
2

0
g

(s)

t
(s)

(t)

,
t
(s)

(t)

ds. (3.22)
We insert (3.22) into (3.20) to conclude the proof. 2
Lemma 3.4 (Korns inequality). A domain in R
3
is an open, bounded, connected subset of R
3
with Lipchitz-
continuous boundary =. Let
0
be a measurable subset of the boundary such that area
0
> 0. There
exists a constant c(,
0
) such that
u
1,
c(,
0
)

e(u)

0,
, for all u H
1
() vanishing on
0
.
Proof. See Theorem 1.1(2) in [4]. 2
Lemma 3.5. If (u

, w

) is the solution of system (2.1)(2.5). Then

(t)

1,
c,

(t)

2,
c.
Proof. Applying Lemmas 3.1 and 3.3, we obtain

(t)

2
2,
ca

(t)

cE

(0) c,
which implies

(t)

>0
is bounded in L

0, T ; H
2
()

.
Thus

(t)

>0
is bounded in L

0, T ; H
1
()

.
Combining with embedding relation H
1
() L
p
(), p 2 yields

(t)

>0
is bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

x
w

y
(t)

>0
is bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

.
(3.23)
1252 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Let

11

12

21

22

, (3.24)
where

11
= u

x
+
1
2

+ w

1
2

()
x

2
,

22
= v

y
+
1
2

+ w

1
2

()
y

2
,

12
=

21
=
1
2

y
+ v

x
+

+ w

+ w

y
()
x
()
y

.
(3.25)
Using Lemmas 3.1 and 3.3, we have

i, j=1

i j

2
d c

cE

(0) c.
Combining with (3.23) yields

u

>0
and

v

>0
are bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

y
+ v

>0
is bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

.
(3.26)
Applying Lemma 3.4, we get from (3.26) that u

(t)
1,
c. 2
4. The proof of main result
Applying Lemmas 3.3, 3.5 and noticing the denition of E

(t), we have

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, (4.1)

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, (4.2)

u

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, (4.3)

v

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, (4.4)

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; H
2
()

, (4.5)

w

(t)

is bounded in L

0, T ; H
1
()

. (4.6)
From (4.1)(4.6), there exist sequences (which will be denoted by the same symbol) and functions
u, v, w (which depend on x, y and t) such that
u

u weak-star in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, (4.7)
v

u weak-star in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, (4.8)
u


u weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, (4.9)
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1253
v


u weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, (4.10)
w

w weak-star in L

0, T ; H
2
()

, (4.11)
w


w weak-star in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, (4.12)
as 0.
Applying Aubin compactness lemma (see [25]), from (4.11)(4.12), we obtain
w

w strongly in L

0, T ; H
2
()

, > 0, as 0, (4.13)
which implies
w

w strongly in L

0, T ; H
1
()

, as 0. (4.14)
Recalling
H
1
() L
4
(). (4.15)
Combining with (4.14) yields
w

w strongly in L

0, T ; L
p
()

, as 0. (4.16)
Therefore

2
|w|
2
strongly in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, as 0. (4.17)
From (4.7)(4.8), we have
u

x
+ v

u
x
+ v
y
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, as 0. (4.18)
Introduce the following notations
F

= u

x
+ v

y
+
1
2

+ w

1
2

()

2
, F = u
x
+ v
y
+
1
2
|w|
2
. (4.19)
Then, the above relations (4.17)(4.18) show
F

F weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, as 0. (4.20)
Introduce the notations

i j
as in (3.25) and

11
= u
x
+
1
2
|w
x
|
2
,
22
= v
y
+
1
2
|w
y
|
2
,
12
=
21
=
1
2
(u
y
+ v
x
+ w
x
w
y
). (4.21)
Then (4.16)(4.18) show

i j

i j
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, as 0. (4.22)
1254 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Finally, let us analyze the nonlinear term in (2.2). Noticing (3.24), we have the explicit form of
C(

) that
C

11
+

22
0
0

11
+

22

+(1 )

11

12

21

22

,
which implies
C

+ w

1
D

, (4.23)
where

1
=

+ w

x
+(1 )

11

+ w

x
+

12

+ w

,
D

2
=

+ w

y
+(1 )

21

+ w

x
+

12

+ w

.
(4.24)
Using (4.16), (4.20) and (4.22), we deduce that

+ w

F w
x
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

,
F

+ w

F w
y
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

,
(4.25)
and

11

+ w

11
w
x
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

12

+ w

12
w
y
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

21

+ w

21
w
x
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

22

+ w

11
w
x
weak-star in L

0, T ; L
q
()

,
(4.26)
as 0, for any 1 q < 2.
Thus
C

i j

+ w

D
1
D
2

weak-star in L

0, T ;

L
q
()

, (4.27)
as 0, for any 1 q < 2 with
D
1
=

F w
x
+(1 )(
11
w
x
+
12
w
y
)

, D
2
=

F w
y
+(1 )(
21
w
x
+
12
w
y
)

.
In the similarly way, we conclude that

0
g

(s)C

t
i j
(s)

ds

+ w

(t)

0
g

(s)

t
i j
(s)

ds w(t)

weak-star in L

0, T ;

L
q
()

, (4.28)
as 0, for any 1 q < 2.
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1255
Eq. (2.1) can be written as
u

= Div

(t)

0
g

(s)C

t
(s)

ds

.
Combining with (4.22), we have that there exist subsequences (still denoted by the same symbol)
such that
u


u

weak-star in L

0, T ;

H
1
()

, as 0. (4.29)
Eq. (2.2) can be written as
(I )w

=
2
w

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds +div

+ w

. (4.30)
Combining with (4.5) and (4.25), we have that there exist subsequences (still denoted by the same
symbol) such that
w


w

weak-star in L

0, T ; L
2
()

, as 0. (4.31)
Now, we can pass to the limit as 0 in (2.1)(2.2) to conclude (u, w) is a weak solution of
u

(t) Div N(t) = 0 in (0, ), (4.32)

w

(t) w

(t) +
2
w(t)
+
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds div

N(t)w(t)

=0 in (0, ), (4.33)
and

N(t) = 0 on
1
(0, ),
B
1
w(t) +B
1

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds =0 on
1
(0, ),
B
2
w(t)

(t) +B
2

0
h

(s)w
t
(s) ds = 0 on
1
(0, ),
(4.34)
with (t) =e[u(t)] + f (w(t)).
It remains to prove that (u, w) verify the initial data. In view of (4.1)(4.4), (4.29) and AubinLions
compactness lemma, we have
u

(t) u strongly in C

[0, T ];

L
2
()

,
u

(t) u

strongly in C

[0, T ];

H
1
()

, as 0.
1256 F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257
Thus
u

(0) u(0) strongly in

L
2
()

2
,
u

(0) u

(0) strongly in

H
1
()

2
, as 0,
which imply u(0) = u
0
, u

(0) = u
1
.
In view of (4.5)(4.6) and AubinLions compactness lemma, we have
w

(t) w(t) strongly in C

[0, T ]; H
1
()

.
Thus
w

(0) w(0) strongly in H

1
(),
which implies w(0) = w
0
.
In order to prove that w

(0) = w
1
, we will use Eq. (4.30). Since {w

} is bounded in L

(0, T ;
H
2
()) then {
2
w

} is bounded in L

(0, T ; H
2
()). We already know (see the analysis of (4.24))
that the term {N

( + w

)} is bounded in L

(0, T ; [L
q
()]
2
) for all 1 q < 2. Consequently, it is
also bounded in L

(0, T ; [H

()]
2
) for any > 0. It follows that {div[N

( + w

)]} is bounded
in L

(0, T ; H
1
()). According to (4.30), {w

} is bounded in L

(0, T ; L
2
()). By AubinLions
compactness lemma, we can extract a subsequence of {w

} such that
w

w

strongly in C

[0, T ]; L
2
()

, as 0.
Thus
w

(0) w

(0) strongly in L
2
(), as 0,
which yields w

(0) = w
1
.
5. Comments
The convergence above hold along suitable subsequences. However, taking into account that the
limit (u, w) as been identied as the unique solution of limiting problem, we deduce that the whole
family converges as 0.
We have considered here the case where the initial data (u
0
, u
1
, w
0
, w
1
) and ((s), (s)) do not
depend on the parameter . It is easy to see that the same results hold if we consider the sequences
(u
0,
, u
1,
, w
0,
, w
1,
) and (

(s),

(s)) such that

u
0,
, u
1,

u
0
, u
1

weakly in

H
2
()

H
1
()

2
,

w
0,
, w
1,

w
0
, w
1

weakly in H
3
() H
2
(),

(s),

(s)

(s),

(s)

weak-star in L

, 0; H
2
H
1

(s),

(s)

(s),

(s)

weak-star in L

, 0; H
3
H
2

,
as 0.
In [19], we have proved that the energy functional associated with the model treated in this
manuscript decays exponentially to zero as time goes to innity. On the similar way, the same re-
sult in [19] can be obtained as time goes to innity and the parameter approaches zero.
F. Li / J. Differential Equations 249 (2010) 12411257 1257
Acknowledgments
The author would like to thank Professor Tiehu Qin for fruitful discussions and to thank Professor
Ta-tsien Li for his encouragement. The author is deeply grateful to the referees for their valuable
comments which have led to an improvement of the presentation of this paper.
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