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Computer programming is the process of creating software through the use of logic, algorithms, and programming language Programmers use a program code to make software Program code : a set of instructions that signal the CPU to perform circuit witching operations
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A language designed for writing system software It offers more direct access to the physical hardware of the machine System Software : Operating System, Language Processor & System Utilities Major System Programming Languages
C, C++, ESPOL, PL/I, BLISS
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A language designed for writing application software Application Software : Payroll system, Inventory System, Attendance System etc. Major Application Programming Languages
C, C++, VB.NET, Java, etc.
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Low Level
Machine Language
Computer understand only a language that is known as Machine Language It consists of set of instructions in form of 1s and 0s Example of Machine Instruction
1110001110000
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i) It makes fast and efficient use of the computer. ii) It requires no translator to translate the code i.e.Directly understood by the computer
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i) All operation codes have to be remembered ii) All memory addresses have to be remembered. iii) It is hard to amend or find errors in a program written In the machine language iv) These languages are machine dependent i.e. a particular Machine language can be used on only one type of computer
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Inconveniences of machine language. Assembly language in which operation codes and operands are given in the form of alphanumeric symbols instead of 0s and ls. These alphanumeric symbols will be known as mnemonic codes and can have maximum up to 5 letter combination
e.g. ADD for addition, SUB for subtraction, START, LABEL etc.
Because of this feature it is also known as Symbolic Programming Language. This language is also very difficult and needs a lot of practice to master it because very small
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High level computer languages give formats close to English language and the purpose of developing. It enables people to write programs easily and in their own native language environment (English). High-level languages are basically symbolic languages that use English words and/or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes. Each instruction in the high level language is translated into many machine language instructions thus showing one-to-many translation
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