Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Process Flow Diagram of Bar Soap

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Cabungcal
    2K views9 pages
    This document provides a flow diagram and summary of the life cycle of a bar soap production system. It outlines the key inputs, processes, outputs, and emissions involved at each stage: grain production, cattle raising, meat processing and rendering, and final bar soap production. The stages involve growing crops as feed, raising livestock, processing animal by-products into tallow, and combining tallow with other ingredients through saponification to produce bar soap. Emissions to air, land, water, and solid/liquid wastes are generated at each stage of the process.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document provides a flow diagram and summary of the life cycle of a bar soap production system. It outlines the key inputs, processes, outputs, and emissions involved at each stage: grain production, cattle raising, meat processing and rendering, and final bar soap production. The stages involve growing crops as feed, raising livestock, processing animal by-products into tallow, and combining tallow with other ingredients through saponification to produce bar soap. Emissions to air, land, water, and solid/liquid wastes are generated at each stage of the process.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    2K views9 pages

    Process Flow Diagram of Bar Soap

    Uploaded by

    Andrea Cabungcal
    This document provides a flow diagram and summary of the life cycle of a bar soap production system. It outlines the key inputs, processes, outputs, and emissions involved at each stage: grain production, cattle raising, meat processing and rendering, and final bar soap production. The stages involve growing crops as feed, raising livestock, processing animal by-products into tallow, and combining tallow with other ingredients through saponification to produce bar soap. Emissions to air, land, water, and solid/liquid wastes are generated at each stage of the process.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 9

    Example Flow Diagram of a Hypothetical Bar Soap System

    REVISION (1/1) CHE185 / B21 SY 2012-2013 / 2nd Quarter

    Submitted By: CABUNGCAL, Ma. Andrea Danita E. DELA CRUZ, Minerhiza N. GUTIERREZ, Lyka P. LADRILLONO, Robert NITURA, Michelle T. Submitted To: Prof. Aileen D. Nieva

    AIR EMISSIONS O2, CO2, CH4, C (decomposition), transpiration, H2O vapor, SO2 (from fossil fuel combustion), PM (primary pollutant for grain elevators and feed mills) , N2, NOx, P LAND EMISSIONS

    ENERGY Fossil fuels i.e. coal, oil, and gas Irrigation equipment, processing area and mills, packaging materials, and transportation vehicles

    Organic matter (NOx, NH4+, PO4-3, SO2-4, P), decayed matter


    MARINE EMISSIONS CO2, nutrients, runoff water, N2, P

    PRODUCT GRAIN PRODUCTION Animal grain feed, fodder BY-PRODUCTS RAW MATERIALS *Soil *Animal feed Amaranth, barley, oats, pearl millet, rye, sorghum, spelt, sunflower seed, triticale, and wheat, corn *Natural fertilizers nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium Compost, manure, slurry, worm castings, peat, seaweed, humic acid, and guano *Insecticide/herbicide/fun gicide seed treatment Wheat: Chlorpyriphos and endosulfan Barley: Carboxin, Thiram, and Chlorpyriphos Bran, germ, starch, cellulosic fiber, ethanol, lignin SOLID WASTE Organic matter, stalks, stubble, leaves, seed, pods, husks, bagasse, roots LIQUID WASTE Run-off water from irrigation, leached fertilizer, leached insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide

    WATER Irrigation of crops

    LAND EMISSIONS Organic matter (R-NH2, NOx, N2, NH4+, NH3), P (waste products), manure, urea, uric acid AIR EMISSIONS CO2, CH4, respiration, gaseous losses (N2 and NO2) Odorous gases: hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and intermediate organic acids

    MARINE EMISSIONS Lseached nutrients, nitrates, slurry from wet manure, urine, cattle shed washings, silage run-off, urea, uric acid

    FEED Animal grain feed, fodder WATER For animal consumption and hygienic purposes ENERGY Fossil fuels i.e. coal, oil, and gas SOLID WASTE Animal excreta, organic matter, slurries (semi-solid), manure, solid residues from obtaining wool

    PRODUCT Live cattle CATTLE RAISING BY-PRODUCTS Dairy products (i.e. milk), wool

    Feed equipment, processing area, and transportation vehicles

    LIQUID WASTE
    Livestock wastewater, run-off water, leached antibiotics; cattle shed washings, COD, BOD, DO

    LAND EMISSIONS Organic matter, slaughtered animal remains, P (waste products), manure, pesticide residues, other solid residues

    MARINE EMISSIONS Oil and grease, P, coliform bacteria, leached nutrients, N2, pathogens, salmonella, cattle shed washings, silage run-off, pesticide residues

    AIR EMISSIONS Smoking operations: PM and toxic organics, CO2, CH4 Offensive odorous gases

    PRODUCT FEED Live cattle MEAT PROCESSING AND RENDERING: TALLOW PRODUCTION Tallow BY-PRODUCTS Lards, oils, animal hide, edible meat, feathers, bones

    WATER For process consumption and maintenance and control purposes ENERGY

    SOLID WASTE Slaughtered animal, inedible and discarded remains, manure, hair, organic matter, slurries (semi-solid) LIQUID WASTE Wastewater (condensate stream with a foul odor), blood, run-off water, suspended solids, leached residues; cattle shed washings, COD, BOD, DO

    Fossil fuels i.e. coal, oil, and gas Processing equipment (grinders, disintegrators, centrifuge) and transportation vehicles

    Detailed System Flow Diagram for Production of Bar Soap from Tallow

    Tallow is a rendered form of beef or mutton fat, processed from suet. It is solid at room temperature. In industry, tallow is not strictly defined as beef or mutton (meat of domestic sheep). In this context, tallow is animal fat that derived from other animals such as lard from pigs, or even from plant sources. (Derived from animal by-products).

    Product Life Cycle System

    Life Cycle Design

    You might also like