Introduction toINin GSM Camel:Customized Appl.Mobile..

LillKristiansen Based partly on OpenServiceprovisioninginGSM byEckhard Geulen,JensHartmann Presented atepmcc97 url:http://www.jenshartmann.de/papers/epmcc97.pdf Andpartly on h // d l http://www.3g4g.co.uk/Tutorial/ZG/zg_camel.html 3 k/ i l/ G/ lh l Read also L.Kristiansen,AnOpenServiceArchitecturewithLocationAwareCallsandServices, ProceedingsfromWOCN2004 http://www.item.ntnu.no/~lillk/docs/lillkWCNC2003wcorrections.pdf

Terms
InterrogatingPLMN(IPLMN):ThePLMNthatinterrogatestheHome PLMN(HPLMN)forinformationtohandlemobileterminatingcall. PLMN (HPLMN) for information to handle mobile terminating call CAMELSubscriptionInformation(CSI):IdentifiesthatCAMELsupportis requiredforthesubscriberandtheidentitiesneeded ( ) ( ) BasicCallStateModel(BCSM):(asinfixedIN) GSMServiceControlFunction(gsmSCF):functionalentitythatcontains theCAMELservicelogic
ItinterfaceswiththegsmSSF,thegsmSRF,theGMLC(loc.Center)andtheHLR.

GSMServiceSwitchingFunction(gsmSSF): GSM S i S it hi F ti ( SSF)

TheconceptofthegsmSSF isderivedfromtheINSSF,butusesdifferent triggeringmechanismsbecauseofthenatureofthemobilenetwork.

SSFisfunctionality located inafixed switch infixed IN y andthe MSCisthe equivalenttypeof switch inGSM hence SSFisalways located inatypeof MSC(VMSCorGWMSC)

Moreterms More terms

PointsinCall(PIC):PICaredefinedbystandardstorepresentthosepoints inwhichactionmightbetaken. in which action might be taken
Theyprovideaviewofastateoreventinwhichcallprocessinglogicmay initiateanaction,
suchassuspensionofcallprocessingwhileadatabaseisqueried.

Triggers:Atriggeristhetermusedtodefinespecificcallprocessinglogic i i i h d d fi ifi ll i l i associatedwithagivenpointincall.

Triggersaretocarryoutinstructionstoinitiateanintelligentnetworkprocess basedonanalysisofconditionsatadetectionpoint.

DetectionPoints(DP):DPrepresenttransitionaleventsthatoccur betweensomePICs. Armingofdetectionpoints:Detectionpointshavetwoclassifications: TriggerDetectionPoints(TDP)andEventDetectionPoint(EDP). Trigger Detection Points (TDP) and Event Detection Point (EDP)
Adetectionpointisarmedifcontrollogicisestablishedtoinitiateservice controlbasedonatriggerorevent.

Asimplified call flow with originating sideINin GSM(Camel) d ( l)

VMSCwith SSFfunction INnodewith Logic

Originating service may be servicemay PNP(personalnumbering plan)

After registration:CSIstored inMSC Example of PNP(pnp#>full#) l f ( f ll )

End point As Visit/ access NW NW As Home NW Bs Home NW Bs Visit/ access NW NW End point

IN S) ) Init (pnp#) Continue (full #) (full#) Est.VMSC CSI Establish GW MSC GWMSC Continue call asusual on terminating side, i.e.look upinBHLRetc) C)

CSICamel Subsccription Information

Theregistration x2(simplified) servicedata(CSI)tobestored i MSC i d (CSI) b d inMSC

End point As Visit/ access NW NW As Home NW Bs Home NW Bs Visit/ access NW NW End point

HLR Reg.

HLR

S)

subscriber data (CSI) for originating calls sent to VLR > VMSC data(CSI)fororiginating senttoVLR >V MSC Reg. VMSC VMSC Armed DP C)

Ex.of INtriggering (MOMobileOrigin.) PNPshortnumber PNP h b

short code dialing over a VPN (Virtual Private shortcodedialingoveraVPN(VirtualPrivate Network)wheretheusercallsacolleagues internalextensiontelephonenumber butis,infact,routedtothatpersonsmobile phonewhichisroamingabroad.

Terminating side (MT) IN triggering side(MT)INtriggering

GMSC with SSF function INnodewith Logic TheGatewayMSC(GMSC)inthe interrogatingPLMNidentifiesthe HLRofthecalledpartywiththehelp oftheMSISDN ( f th MSISDN (asusual) l) ThentheGMSCsendsa RoutingInformationRequesttothe g q HLR. TheHLRcheckstheCSIofthecalled partyandsendstheCSIinformation storedinthesubscriberrecordback stored in the subscriber record back totheG_MSC. Now,theGMSCactsaccordingto CSI andmaytriggerIN

Ex.Terminating distribution service CSIcause aterminating trigger

End E d point As A Visit/ access NW As A Home NW Bs B Home NW Bs B Visit/ access NW End E d point

IN S) ) 1)Loc.Look up 2)Return also CSIdata HLR 3)TriggerINlogic 4)Continue (dest.x) C)

VMSC

Establish (MSRN) GW MSC GWMSC

VMSC CSI

Sprsmltiltidl.Netcom ansatt Sprsml til tidl. Netcomansatt

Hvaomterminerende tjenesteforrigesideer92000000 Dvs.encall distribusjonbasertpAs lokasjonoglokasjontilX taxier. Vilsvaretvrecontinue (91234567)
S Somnrmestblirbetraktesomenforwarding l ( il d j bli b k f di leg(tildrosjenr 4567meddettemob.nr) OgsomseinerevilfretilnyttoppslagiHLR

Eller vil man kunne svare direkte med MSRN til denne nrmeste EllervilmankunnesvaredirektemedMSRNtildennenrmeste taxiogbrukedettehericontinue (unngnyHLR)
Dvs.benytte92000000sometfellesnummerforalledrosjene,men shortcutte omveienviaindividuelleGSMnr frMSRNgies. Dettevirkermesthensiktsmessigdalogikkenjoveithvordrosjeneer ogtroliglettkanfetMSRNmedisammeslengen

Camel phase 1 and phase 2 1andphase

The main addition in CAMEL phase 2 is ThemainadditioninCAMELphase2is Specialised ResourceFunction(SRF)a componentmostoftenfoundinVoice component most often found in Voice ResponseUnits(VRUs). For example when an account balance Forexample,whenanaccountbalance reacheszeroforaprepaidcustomerunder phase1,thecustomerwillsimplybecutoff. phase 1 the customer will simply be cut off

Phase 1
Supporting Callscreening SimpleVPN Simple VPN CallForwarding CallRedirection Call Redirection CallRerouting Homingofprepaid i f id callstoHPLMN
Limitations NoINannouncements supported Nochargingoperations Limitedsetofdetection points
huntingservicesarenot g possible.

Terminatingcallstriggerin theGMSConly. y Notpossibletoactivate CallForwardings withVPN shortcodes.

LocationsinPhase Locations in Phase 1

Any Time Interrogation AnyTimeInterrogation
TheCSEmayrequestHLRtoprovidesubscriber statusand/orlocationinformationatanytime. status and/or location information at any time

Limitation:
The exact location may not be up to date unless Theexactlocationmaynotbeuptodateunless themobilehasanactivecallongoing.

Phase 2 add ons 2add

Followoncalls Inbanduserinteraction(DTMF)Tonesandannouncements Prepaid Freephone Premiumrate PersonalDiscount LocationDependentdiscount ReverseCharging Newdetectionpoints(Abandon,Busy,NotReachable,NoAnswer, RouteSelectFailure cases)
Betterprepaidservice. Huntingtypeofservices.

Phase 3
Updated location
AnyTimeInterrogation. EnhancedwithCAMEL3currentlocationretrieval,

MT (mobile terminated calls) may trigger in MT(mobileterminatedcalls)maytriggerin VMSCB(nononlyinGMSC)

controlsupplementaryservices(CW,hold,CF,CD,ECT, MPTYETC)whichall reside in V MSC B MPTY ETC) which all resideinVMSCB

CallGapping
TocontroloverloadsituationswithinHPLMN
Callgappingworksbyblockingcallsforadeterminedperiodof time(thegapsize).Aftertheperiodoftimepasses,anothercallis allowedthrough.Anothergapisthenstartedandtheprocess p ( p ) repeatsuntiltheoverloadconditionisresolved.(wikipedia)

Phase 4
OriginatingSMScontrol g g Virtualoperators InterworkingwithGPRS
GPRSprepaidLimitation:Notcontentbased

CSMobilitymanagementnotifications
monitorlocation/reachability it l ti / h bilit

ServiceInteractionIndicators
Camel can control interworking with supplementary Camelcancontrolinterworkingwithsupplementary services(CW,hold,CF,CD,..) Butthistendtobecomplicatedinteractions

Click to call / Camel, IN and SIP tocall /Camel,INandSIP

Traditional IN calls ALWAYS assumes a call to INcalls ALWAYSassumes acall to beestablished
And triggers something extra in the middle of the Andtriggerssomething inthe call establishment

May instead utilize webbrowsing chatting etc Mayinstead etc.

Some other application may initiate (fromthe blue )acall blue) a call between your phone number and and other party

WithSIP3PCC(3rdpartycall ctr.) RFC3725

Controlling entity C (B2BUA) C(B2BUA) may beseveral places e.g.:
incore network (INlike) ata(soft)PBX

C some event (e.g. http request)

NV 2 O ITE 6 AK () ck

call fromthe blue (outgoing) (o tgoing)

Issues:
SDP negotiation SDPnegotiation timeout

3I NV 4 O ITE 5A K ck

Bobs device

1I

You need not look into notlook alldetails inthe RFC, but notice the similarities with fixed IN call fromblue(next)

Alices phone User domain

RTP User domain

18

Duringwebbrowsing: During webbrowsing:

C some event (e.g. http request)
1I NV 2 O ITE 6 AK () ck

3I NV 4 O ITE 5A K ck

Bobs device

Bobisbrowsing Bob is browsing viaPC Having afixed softphone on hisdesk Bobclicks on special link to linkto initiate acall to Alice

Alices phone User domain

RTP User domain

Call from the bluePSTN/GSMwith IN Call fromthe blue PSTN/GSM with

Optionally: Open the ElectronicPatient record of Paulatsametime
AS

0 0 Networkbased Calendar Dr.appointments phone check upon Paulat10am ....etc

SCP IPSNT/GSM network

INGW

Switch

Switch

12 12

34 Slightly simplified Numbers here matches numbers on previous slide with 3PCCandSIP

Dr.

Paul