INTRODUCTION Language is a communication tool in a society. It can be used as identify something and to create an information to the other human.

Humans language is used much more than for such motives. Unlike animals language can sound so simple as well as so complex. People as human society will always interact each other in their daily activities. To communicate their need and their thought either individual or communities always use a means of communication called language. Language is both an individual possession and a social possession. According to Finnocciaro in Siddiqui (2004: 133), language is a systematical means of communicating ideas or feeling by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meaning. Hornby (1995:1128) states that society is a system in which people live together in organized communities, or a community of people that are living in a particular country or region and having shared customs, laws, organizations, etc. Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics that takes language as an object of study, in a way that is usually distinguished from how syntax, semantics, morphology, and phonology handle it. It is a field that analyzes language as part social property. According to Chaer and Agustina (1995:3), sociolinguistics is a study of language in their relationship with language itself in society. Furthermore, Kridalaksana in Chaer and Agustina states that sociolinguistics is a study of language variations and the relationship among speakers with functions of language variations in a language community. Sociolinguistics is the study of language as part of culture and society (Pride and Holmes 1997). Here, there is an emphasis that language is part of culture therefore its existence could not stand alone because exactly language can still alive and develop in the social life, even if sometimes people are rare to realize it. In this paper, the writer is interested to analyze further about one of important parts of sociolinguistics which concerns to explain deeply about code-choosing (SPEAKING) in Wild Hogs movie script at scene 1. In a communication of societys

multilingual communities, the speaker is being demanded to talk properly particularly in choosing languages code. Usually, the choosing is not random but it is considered by the various factors, such as social, culture and situation. The writer will take some examples happened in an utterance. Then, it will be analyzed as well as give the important highlight on how those utterances have correlation with the social factors. The summary of Wild Hogs movie is as follow. In Cincinnati, the dentist Doug Madsen is in crisis, bored with his middleclass life and missing his reckless youth when he was known as the Golden Biker. The aspirant writer Bobby Davis feels pressed by his wife and hates his job. The shy geek computer analyst Dudley Frank is unsuccessful with women. The wealthy Woody Stevens is married with a top-model. Together, the four middle-aged friends in their motorcycles self-call the "Wild Hogs". When Woody loses his wife and is completely broken, he invites his friends to take a road trip to the Pacific, in a quest for freedom. After many incidents, they stop for a beer in a bar owned by the dangerous biker gang "Del Fuegos". Their tough leader Jack steals Dudley's motorcycle, and Woody decides to recover the bike back. Woody cuts the fuel pipes of the bikes and provokes an accident, exploding their bar, but he does not tell the truth to his friends. When they stop in the small town of Madrid without gas, Dudley falls in love for the waitress and owner of the local bar Maggie. However, the "Del Fuegos" traps them in the town and the "Wild Hogs" have to take an attitude.

RESEARCH QUESTION

The writer formulates the problems in the following procedures: 1. What are the factors influences in using a particular language in Wild Hogs movie script at scene 1?

DISCUSSION Language always has various variations and it will always be developed as well as the users of language still maintain its existence strongly. In this assignment, as the writer has formulated the research questions above, this chapter will explain further about the language varieties within multilingual society. The writer knows that the difference in using the language for particular talk event. For example when a native person of this village talks to another whom originally comes from this village too; they will probably use Javanese as well as the others. Here, it means that people in the society suppose to use the most acceptable language to talk with the other communities. There are some major causes as reasons of people using a particular language; these include social aspects within this society. As problems appear, it can show that in Wild Hogs movie script at scene 1. Hymes (1974) in Wardaugh (1986: 245-249) has
proposed an ethnographic framework which takes into account the various factors that are involved in speaking. Ethnography of a communicative event is a description of all the factors that are relevant in understanding how that particular communicative event achieves its objectives. There are eight factors influences in using a particular language in Wild

Hogs movie script at scene 1. The factors are formulated into an acronym, namely SPEAKING, which stands for Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, Act sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norm of interaction, and Genre. The writer would like to concern those points in the following explanations. 1. Setting and Scene The setting and scene (S) of speech are important. Setting refers to the time and place, i.e. the concrete physical circumstances in which speech takes place. Scene refers to the abstract psychological setting, or the cultural definition of the occasion. People may consider choosing a more formal variety of a language when talking in an office than when talking in a picnic place. A more moderate attitude in speaking is also found in a

ritual or ceremonial occasion than in a street or supermarket. Within a particular setting, of course, participants are free to change scenes, as they change the level of formality (e.g. go from serious to joyful) or as they change the kind of activity in which they are involved (e.g. begin to drink or to recite poetry). 2. Participants The participants (P) are the people involved in the communication found in the setting. It includes various combination of speaker-listener, addressor-addressee, or sender-receiver. They generally fill certain socially specified roles. A two-person conversation involves a speaker and hearer with no roles change; a political speech involves an addressor and addressees (the audience); and a telephone message involves a sender and a receiver. For example is a good public speaker, wants to know about her audience (the participants) before performing a speech. Another example, two girls chatting in a library and looking a boy then they want to change their ways of speaking (intonation, pitch, etch) as well as their body language after a boy is passing them. 3. Ends Ends (E) refers to the conventionally recognized and expected outcomes of an exchange as well as to the personal goals that participants seek to accomplish on particular occasions. A trial in a courtroom has a recognizable social end in view, but the various participants, i.e. the judge, jury, prosecution, defense, accused, and witnesses, have different personal goals. For example, a political party delivers a speech in a campaign; he wishes to persuade the crowd before him in order to receive support for the election. Another example, a mother speaks to her son before he leaves for school, she might want her son to behave himself in the school. Thus, for different ends, speakers of a language often choose different code.

4. Act Sequence Act Sequence (A) refers to the actual form and content of what is said: the precise words used, how they are used, and the relationship of what is said to the actual topic at hand. Public lecturers, casual conversations, and cocktail party chatterer are all different forms of speaking; with each go to different kind of language and things talked about. For example, a formal speech is set carefully with an opening expression, followed with an introduction, a story, before entering the main topic. The sequence in speaking is then considered to be also an important factor to consider. 5. Key Key (K) refers to the tone, manner, or spirit in which a particular message is conveyed: light-hearted, serious, precise, pedantic, mocking, sarcastic, pompous, and so on. The key may also be marked nonverbally by certain kinds of behavior, gesture, posture, or even deportment. When there is a lack of fit between what a person is actually saying and the key that the person is using, listeners are likely to pay more attention to the key than to the actual content, e.g. to the burlesque of a ritual rather than to the ritual itself. 6. Instrumentalities Instrumentalities (I) refers to the choice of channel, e.g. oral, written, or telegraphic, and to the actual forms of speech employed, such as the language, dialect, code, or register that is chosen. 7. Norms of interaction Norms of interaction (N) refers to the specific behaviors and properties that attach to speaking and also how these may be viewed by someone who does not share them, e.g. loudness, silence, gaze return, and so on. For example, there are certain norms of interaction with regard to church services and conversing with strangers. However, these norms vary

between social groups, so the kind of behavior expected in congregations that practice talking in tongues or the group encouragement of a preacher in others would be deemed abnormal and unacceptable in a high Anglican setting. 8. Genre Genre (G) refers to clearly demarcated types of utterance; such things as poems, proverbs, riddles, sermons, prayers, lecturers, and editorials. These are all marked in specific ways in contrast to casual speech.

a. The movie script of Wild Hogs at scene 1

FADE IN: INT. KITCHEN - MORNING ANGLE ON: BILLY MATTHEWS, 8, ravenously eating a plate of hashbrowns, runny fried eggs and syrupy waffles. WOMAN'S VOICE (O.C.) Doug?... We see DOUG MATTHEWS, 40's, sitting across the table, staring at his son, Billy. Doug is handsome in that honest, sincere way. A guy you would call to help you move a couch. He watches Billy scoop up his hashbrowns with a frosted pop-tart. Billy catches his Dad's look and grins with his mouth full. Doug smiles back, then looks down at his own plate. He has scrambled egg whites and sliced tomatoes. His smile fades away. WOMAN'S VOICE (O.C.) (CONT'D) Doug? Doug snaps out of it and looks up at his wife, KELLY MATTHEWS. She's attractive, with a patient smile. KELLY I've got some stuff to do for the party tomorrow. Can you take Billy to school? DOUG What "stuff"? This party isn't going to be fancy, is it? Just some friends and a wing platter from Costco? KELLY It's a our 10th anniversary, Doug. Its

going to be a nice party with nice food and nice music. And wings have carbs, so you can't eat them anyway. BILLY (MOUTH FULL) I'll eat 'em. Doug gives Billy a look. DOUG No you won't. Because I'm going to scrape the batter off. BILLY That doesn't work.

DOUG I went to medical school. You think I don't know how carbs work? BILLY Dentists go to medical school? Doug looks a little insulted. KELLY Doug, can you take Billy or not? DOUG Yeah, I can take him. There aren't any emergencies at the office this morning. KELLY You have emergencies? DOUG (INDIGNANT) Yes, I have emergencies. That's what my pager is for. one beep from that thing, and bam. I'm off. Like a cheetah. Billy, now pouring lucky charms into a bowl, looks up. BILLY (MOUTH FULL) The battery ith gone in that thing. You took them out for the TV clicker. Doug gives Billy a look. DOUG

I did do that. I forgot about that. I need to get some batteries in there. Because dentists do have emergencies. We are doctors, you know? We take the same oath. The oath of saving lives. Doug goes to take some of Billy's discarded Lucky Charms. Billy swats his hand away. BILLY (MOUTH FULL) Uh uh. Carbth. Doug nods, defeated, as Billy hops up and dumps the remaining lucky charms in the trash.

b. Analysis From the movie script above, the writer will analyze using Dell Hymess theory. 1. Setting and Scene In this movie, the setting of the place is kitchen and the time is in the morning when Dougs family is having breakfast. 2. Participants The participants in this movie at scene 1 are Doug as a dentist who cant connect with his son and he misses his college glory days when he was called The Golden Knight, Kelly as Dougs wife, she is attractive, with a patient smile, and Billy as Dougs son who has trouble relating to his father. 3. Ends The ends of this movie are Kelly wants Doug to take Billy to school; she hopes Doug can take to school because she has some stuff to do for the party tomorrow and Doug wants to be closer to his son, Billy. 4. Act Sequence In this scene, early the act sets when Dougs family is having breakfast and Kelly wants Doug to take Billy to school. Then happened the

conversation about Dougs job. Doug feels working as a dentist same as a doctor, but Billy still considers its different job. And finally, they go together after breakfast. 5. Key In this scene, Billy looks really enjoyed the breakfast so he does not care for his fathers speech. Actually, Doug wants to be closer to his son. Doug is doing anything so he gets concern from his son. 6. Instrumentalities In this scene, it shows that Dougs family might speak in a casual register with many dialect features and careful grammatical standard forms. 7. Norm of Interaction In this scene, Norm of Interaction is prohibited to talk while eating, Billy always interrupts from Dougs questions. So, it looks that this family looks friendly, but they still respect each other. 8. Genre The genre of this scene is casual because their conversation is doing breakfast in the morning so make them relax.

CONCLUSION The skill of choosing the language is classified as a communicative competence and it is basically developed by observing factors found in the social context of language use. The choosing code of certain language in the multicultural society is an interesting phenomenon to be studied from sociolinguistics perspective because in the writers point of view it could be clearly demonstrated that this is not concerning in only a language term, but also it tends to concern in a social aspect. From this study, there are some major points about the use of multilingual languages. There are eight factors influences in using a particular language in Wild Hogs movie script at scene 1. The factors are formulated into an acronym, namely SPEAKING, which stands for Setting and Scene, Participants, Ends, Act sequence, Key, Instrumentalities, Norm of interaction, and Genre. The factors described that have seen one of the most important foundations in general study of code choices. They are popularly known as the components of the ethnography of speaking. In a conversation, we might not find the factors to be activated all together.

REFERENCES Chaer, Abdul and Agustina, Leonie. 1995. Sosiolinguistik Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta Holmes, Janet. 1993. An Introduction to Sociolinguistic. New York: Longman Publishing. Jendra, Made Iwan Indrawan. 2010. Sociolinguistics: The Study of Societiess Languages. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu Pride and Holmes. 1997. Sociolinguistics. Middlesex: Penguin Books Wardaugh, Ronald. 1986. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. UK: Blackwell Publishers www.mymoviescripts.com/?id=Wild+Hogs www.imdb.com/title/tt0486946/plotsummary

SOCIOLINGUISTICS
An Analysis of Dell Hymess Theory (SPEAKING) in Wild Hogs Movie Script at Scene 1

Submitted by: MARTHIN WAHYUDHIYANTORO F1F008036

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF HUMANITIES FACULTY OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY PURWOKERTO 2012