1 THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE - GEN ZAMAN

1. The simple present is used to describe a present situation. Simple Present, iinde bulunulan an ifade etmek iin kullanlabilir. I work in Istanbul. (I work now and will work for the future). He is a hardworking student. 2. The simple present is used to indicate habitual actions or events that regularly happens. Simple present ile alkanlklar ve her gn yaplan iler ifade edilebilir. Bu tr cmlelerde genellikle sklk zarflar (always, usually, generally etc) kullanlr. She often goes to work late. The child usually drink milk before going to bed. 3. The simple present is used to express general truths such as scientific fact. Bilimsel gerekleri ve doruluu kantlanm genellemeleri bu tense ile ifade ederiz. Water freezes at 0 C. (A scientific fact) Water boils at 100 C. 4. The simple present is also used in expressions like "I think, I know, I see, etc." Ayrca, "I think, I believe" (sanrm, inanyorum ki) gibi ifadeler geni zamanda kullanlabilir. I think you are a hardworking student. I know you're right. 5. The simple present can also be used to talk about the future.. Gelecekle ilgili veya gelecekte yaplmas planlanm durumlarda kullanlabilir veya gelecekle balantl cmlelerde geni zaman kullanabiliriz. You'll succeed if you study harder. I'll visit Topkapi Palace if I go to Istanbul. The bus leaves at seven o'clock. I have an important examination tomorrow. 6. The simple present tense is also used with certain verbs (like, taste, believe, sound, feel, hear, remember, weigh, smell, etc) imdiki zamanda kullanlmayan "Non-Progressive Verbs" dediimiz fiiller vardr. Bu fiiller, geni zaman ile kullanlabilir. "Like, taste, believe, sound, feel, hear, remember, weigh, smell, love, look, seem, appear, mind, expect, suppose, realize, forget, want, dislike, prefer" gibi fiiller imdiki zamanda kullanlmayan ancak geni zamanda kullanlabilen Non-Progressive Fiillerdir. I don't believe you. She doesn't love me.

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B. STRUCTURE
Positive Structure:

I You He She It We They

Negative Structure:

work work works works works work work

in a great factory

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

don't don't doesn't doesn't doesn't don't don't

work

in a great factory.

Do Do Does Does Does Do Do

I You He She It We They

work

in a great factory?

TO BE IN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

I You He She It We They

am are is is is are are

a teacher a student a boy a girl a dog students people

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE - D'L GEM ZAMAN

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1. The Simple Past tense is used to talk about completed actions in the past: Simple Past, gemite belirli bir zamanda yaplm eylemleri ifade etmek iin kullanlr. "Yesterday, last night, two weeks ago, in 2002" gibi zarflar kullanlabilir. I graduated from the university in 2003. He came from Berlin last night. 2. The Simple Past is used to describe situations which existed for a period of time in the past. Gemite belirli bir sre ierisinde devam etmi olaylar, eylemleri anlatmak iin kullanlr. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs inhabited the earth. They talked to each other during the lesson. He lived in England for a long time. 3. It is also used to talk about habits in the past: Gemiteki alkanlklar ifade etmek iin yine Simple Past kullanlr. I always wore a khaki cap in the summer. He never drank tea. They generally read several novels in the winter. 4. It is used to talk about events that happened one after the other: Hikaye anlatrken olaylar ard arda sraladmzda kullanrz. He jumped out of bed, ran into the bathroom and slammed the door. B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He She It We They

worked

Note: Use second form of Irregular verbs in positive structure of the Past Simple Tense.. (Gemi zaman olumlu cmlelerde, dzensiz fiillerin 2. hali kullanlr.)

Negative Structure:

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

didn't

work

Did Didn't

I You He She It We They

work?

THE SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE - MDK ZAMANIN HKAYES

1. The Past Continuous is used to express continuous actions occurring in the past. Past Continuous gemite zamann belirli bir annda devam etmekte olan eylemleri ve olaylar ifade etmek iin kullanlr. I was watching TV at home last night. They were playing football yesterday afternoon. 2. The Past Continuous tense is frequently used to refer to an ongoing action which was taking place when something else occurred in the past. Gemite devam etmekte olan bir olay esnasnda baka bir eylem gerekleirse ve bu olaylar "when" ile kurulmusa simple past ve past continuous tense birlikte ifade edilir. My father was watching TV when I arrived at home. He was reading book while she was washing the dishes.

B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I was

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You He She It We They
Negative Structure:

were was was was were were

working.

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

wasn't was not

working.

Was Wasn't

I You He She It We They

working?

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

1. The Present Perfect Continuous tense is used to express continuous, ongoing actions which started in the past and are still going on: Present Perfect Continuous, gemite belirli bir zamanda balam olan ve konuma srasnda da devam eden eylemleri anlatmak iin kullanlr. "For, since, ever since, all day, all week, all year" gibi zaman zarflar bu anlamdaki cmlelerde ska kullanlr. I have been waiting for her since seven o'clock. (and I'm still waiting for her.) We have been running for 15 minutes! Let's have a rest here.

B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He She It have have has has has

been working for two hours.

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We They
Negative Structure:

have have haven't haven't hasn't hasn't hasn't haven't haven't I You He She It We They

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

been working for two hours.

Have Have Has Has Has Have Have

been working for two hours?

THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE

1. The Simple Future tense is used to express actions which will take place in the future. Gelcek zaman bu tense ile ifade edilir. I will go to school tomorrow. 2. The Simple Future is used to express an intention or decision made at the moment of speaking. Konuma annda yaplmasna karar verilen eylemleri ifade etmek iin kullanlr. It's very hot in here. I'll open the window. I have a headache. I'll take an aspirine. 3. The Simple Future can be used to make a prediction. Beklentileri ifade ederken ve tahminde bulunurken Simple Future kullanlr. I think it will be cool and rainy tomorrow.
I believe they will turn back in the evening.

B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He She will It We They

work.

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Negative Structure:

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

will not won't

work.

Will Won't

I You He She It We They

work?

THE SIMPLE FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE

1. The Future Continuous is used to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted. The interruption is usually an action in the Simple Future. This can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time. Future Continuous, gelecekte belirli bir zamanda devam edecek olaylar ifade etmek iin kullanlr. I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight. I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives. He will be studying at the library tonight, so he will not see Jennifer when she arrives. 2. The Simple Future is used with the expression "at this time". Bu tense'de kullanlan, dier zamanlardan farkl bir zellik de "at this time" n kullanlmasdr. We will be doing homework at this time tomorrow. I will be travelling to Paris at this time next week. B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He She will be It We They
Negative Structure:

working.

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You He She It We They
Question structure:

will not be won't be

working.

Will Won't

I You He She It We They

be working?

THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

1. The Future Perfect tense is used to refer to a non-continuous action which will be completed by a certain time in the future. Future Perfect, gelecekte belirli bir zamandan nce tamamlanm olacak eylemleri ifade etmek iin future perfect tense kullanlr. In September, I will have lived in Malatya for four years. Thomas will have finished the project by Wednesday. 2. By + noun and by the time + sentence are used to express in Future Perfect. Future Perfect ile by, by the time, before, in a week, when gibi zaman balalar sklkla kullanlabilir. I will have done my homework by the time he comes. I will have been awake for 24 hours by 12 o'clock.

B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He She It We They

Negative Structure:

will have

worked.

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You He She It We They
Question structure:

will not have won't have

worked.

Will Won't

I You He She It We They

have worked?

THE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

1. The Future Perfect Continuous tense is used to express a continuous, action which will be completed by a certain time in the future. Future Perfect Continuous, gelecekte bir eylemin olayn ne kadar sre devam etmekte olduunu belirtmek iin kullanlr. When we arrive in Izmir, we will have been driving for 17 hours. By the time the match starts, we will have been waiting here for three hours. B. STRUCTURE Positive Structure: I You He

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She It We They
Negative Structure:

will have

been working.

I You He She It We They

Question structure:

will not have won't have

been working.

Will Won't

I You He She It We They

have been working?