BIOL 107 ESSENTIALS OF BIOLOGY ARRANGEMENT QUESTONS

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. What are the main properties of elements and atoms? What are the main properties of chemical bonds, molecules & compounds? Explain important bonds in biological molecules. What are the main properties of water? Define hydrophilic & hydrophobic substances. Explain their properties. What are the advantages of water cohesion for living organisms? Define acids, bases, pH scale, salts and buffer systems. Give examples of functional groups. What are the lifes molecules and their properties? Define and give samples of condensation & hydrolysis. Types, functions and properties of organic molecules. Explain properties of amino acids. How do cells actually build organic compounds? Why is protein structure so important? What are the main organic compounds in living things? What are the life lifes levels of organisation? (from the simple to the complex, which extend through). How DNA guides development? Define the terms of metabolism, energy, homeostasis, diversity, prokaryotes, eukaryotes. What are the fundamental forms of matter? What are the smallest particles of an element? What are the subatomic particles? Why do we need buffer systems? Explain the structure of nucleotide. What are the functions of nucleotides? Explain types, properties and functions of nucleic acids? How do protein synthesis? What are the main parts in all of the cells? Give information about cell theory. What are the membrane proteins in cells? How can transportation accross cell membrane? Show the structure of cell membrane with figure. Write typical components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Explain the fluid-mosaic model of cell membrane. Why are cells so small? Give samples of organisms for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. What are the structural differences between animal and plant cells? What are the components of nucleus and their functions? Explain the components of endomembrane system. Write functions of cell organels. What are the similer properties of mitochondria and chloroplasts? Explain the structure of bacteria. Define cytoskeleton, what are its function? What are the movement structures of protistas? How are the cell junctions in plants and animals? Define cell wall, cuticle and matrixes. What kinds of energies do cells use? Define and give samples for endergonic&exergonic reactions. What is the rule of ATP? What are the participants in metabolic reactions? Write the properties of electron transfer chains. Explain the metabolic pathways between mitochondria and chloroplasts. Write the features of enzymes. Write the factors influencing enzyme activity. What are the enzyme helpers? Write the factors affecting diffusion rate. How is the membrane crossing mechanisims?

10.
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

28.
29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38.

39.
40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48.

49.
50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56.

1-Elements are fundamental forms of matter, they cant be broken by normal means. Atoms are the smallest part of an element, they consist of protons,neutrons and electron. 2-