DECEMBER 5,

1935.

FLIGHT.

53

The 90 h.p. Pobjoy Niagara II is developed from the Mk. 1 Niagara installed in the 1934 King's Cup Race winner. . T^Bisis the direct drive version of the 34 h.p. British Anzani
T _ . '' twin. - r , . - - . - - - 1,.

and 1 r,500ft. respectively). the Pegasus X, which delivers 820 h.p. -at normal T.p.m. at 3,500ft. Actually, 920 h.p. is available for take-off and initial climb. The Pegafus X may be regarded as a development of the Pegasus III It is lighter, in spite of the increased power, and its more important features include a new design of cylinder head and barrel with a substantial increase in cooling aFea, sodium cooled and stellited exhaust valves and valve teats, hardened cylinder barrels, rubber buffer mounting, a choice oi reduction gear ratios, long or short chord combined cowling and exhaust ring, a complete range of accessories, provision for auxiliary drives for special items, and facilities lor the standardisation of a C.P. airscrew. The higher output has been achieved by making the lullest possible use of 87 octane fuel, a greater degree of supercharg ing, and a higher crankshaft speed than in the Pegasus III. Weight has been reduced by refinement in the design of various components, tne introduction of special steel of greater strength and improved durability and the use of magnesium castings.

The connecting rod assembly, although of typical Bristol pattern, has been redesigned and strengthened. The .solid master rod runs on a floating bush mounted on a hardened crank phi, the wrist pins and bushes are pressure lubricated and the crank pin and the big end bore are case-hardened. Of split type the crankshaft is carried on one ball and two roller bearing?, and the crank pin is secured to the rear halt of the shaft by the gripping action of a stout maneton bolt, in accordance with usual Bristol practice. The pistons are of the ful! skirted forged type, and the gudgeon pins are larger and stronger than before. Some extremely fine development work is being done by the Bristol Company with sleeve-valve engines. One of these, the 500 h.p. civil-iated Aquila, which has a capacity of 960 cu. in., and is designed to run on 73 octane fuel, is the "first air-cooled sleeve-valve engine to go into series production, and will be available for delivery early in the new year. A larger type, the Perseus, in its civil-rated form gives a maximum output of 770 h.p. aud weighs i,o26lb. For the past ten years the Company has been developing diesel engines for aircraft and the Phoenix unit in this category (415 h.p. at normal r.p.m.) installed in a Wapiti genera! purpose; machine, was the means of bringing to this country thr world's altitude record for diese!-powered air-

Modifications now being made to the Salmson A.D.9R., which now gives 70 h.o.. should result in an increase in power.

The newly introduced Carden has an aluminium cylinder head and dual ignition.