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= + +
sin 2 = sin
cos 2 = cos
= = =
+ +
tan 2 = tan
+ =
by replacing sin
by replacing cos
with 1 cos
with 1 sin
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= =
= + +
= =
= + =
= = +
Transformations + translation of a units in the positive y direction + translation of a units in the negative direction
stretch of scale factor a parallel to the y axis stretch of scale factor parallel to the axis
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eg 6 + 5 Add a power and divide by the new power. May need to expand brackets first and change all
Substitution
usually if this is the method you are told what to use as your substitution eg 3 + 4 let = 3 + 4. Remember to change the limits if there are any.
Trigonometric Identities
eg cos Replace cos
with cos 2 + +7 +
Integration by Parts
eg sin or or 3 cos 2 or ln Always set to be the term and to be the other term unless there is a natural log (ln) involved in which case set u to be the ln term
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differentiation Standard multiply by the power and then reduce power by 1 Product Rule let one term be u and the other be v = = Chain Rule =
eg
, let
x =
and terms all mixed up. Often have to use the product rule on a particular term (here on eg 2 + =3 +7 4 + + =6 +7 = 4 +
=6 +7
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Mapping and functions One to one means that for every Even function
vice versa. eg Cosine curve value there is only one value and
two
Odd function
eg Sine curve
Domain is what goes in to a function. Usually the terms. Range is what comes out of a function. Usually the terms. Inverse functions are the reflections of the original function about the
line = . What was the domain now becomes the range and what was the range now becomes the domain. To have an inverse function then the original function must be one to one over the domain you are looking at.
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Curves
The red dashed line below is the original tan curve (and its asymptotes)
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Note that this is the reflection of the curve y = sin in the line
Note that this is the reflection of the curve y = cos in the line
Note that this is the reflection of the curve y = tan in the line
www.chattertontuition.co.uk 0775 950 1629
=
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this is a reflection of
in the line
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Equation of a line
Must have a position vector plus a constant times a direction vector 1 2 1 Eg = 2 , = 5 , = = 3 3 3 6 2 1 Line = 5 + 3 3 6
Angle between two lines . = | || | using the direction vectors for a and b Parallel Vectors
if parallel then one vector is a multiple of the other
If this is negative then you will get an obtuse angle (then subtract from 180 to get the acute angle)
Skew
lines that dont meet and arent parallel are skew
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