:

Compaction of Soil
:

.
).(Consolidation
:


.
:

.
:
-1 .Rolling
-2 .Ramming
-3 .Vibration

-:

-1

.

-2
.
.
-3

:



.
.

.





.


(3-5)% .
Va
Vw
Vs

d
b %:

=b
V

b
1+

=d

.

).(Zero Line
s=VsGs

w Gsw
=
w
w

= V

w
,
s

s=Gs

V
,
Vv

=S

Vs=1

Gs
.Gs
= , Vv
Vv
S
s
Gsw
(1 Aa)Gss
= d
=
=d
)1 + Vv 1 + (Gs / s
1 + Gs
=S

 -:
21
.



15.

.

5
.

-:

>=8
:
-1 .
-2 :
.
-3 .


).(5-15
-4 .

-:

- .

 . - .

) (Compaction Test-:
- AASTO T-99
- AASHTO T-180
-: ).(Max. Dry Density
-1

-2
)Optimum Moisture
.(Content
- -:

) (Proctor 1933



.
) (

:
-1 :
) %7 (4
.
-2 :
) 3/4( %10
.
-3 :
)3/4
( %10 3-:
_ ) 3/4( 3
.
_ 3 ) 3/4(
) 3/4( .4

-1
:
.1

)(1
) (2 60 )8/2.3(

 .
.
.2

:Rammar
:
- 2 0.005 )50.8 0.12
7( . 4.536 0.009 )10 0.02(
.
- 2 0.005 )50.8 0.12
7( . 2.495 0.009 )5.5 0.02(
.
- :

9.5 19 .
.

.
.3

)(.

:
.4
20 5.
2000 0.1.
:
.5
110 5
.
:
.6
254 ) ( ) ( )
( .
:
.7
.

:
.8
) (4.75 19 0.50
.AASHTO-M-92
:
.9
.

) (

 :
:
)(
)(
)(
)(
6
4
6
4
)(
11
5
7
3
)(
3
3
3
3

56
25
56
25

5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
)(
12.0
12.0
12.0
)( 12.0
4.58
4.58
4.58
4.58
)(

)(
:
-1

:
- .
-2 60.
4.75 ) (4
-2
4.75) 4(.
3 .
-3
:
.
-1
102 ) 4(
-2
127 )1.5(
305 )122(
25
.
) ( ) :
(.

-3
5
:
) (1 = +-

:
-4
* )(110 0
12.

* ) 100(.
) (2 =


-5
1 %2

.
= %100
-6
+100%

)(

-1 )( 7.
-2 6 153.
-3 56
.
) (3 = %100
+ 100%

)(

-1

-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7

)(
19) 4/3 2(
2 4/3
4/3 )4.75(.
5 .
.
102) 4(
)( 25
305) 12( 5.5.

5.

12
110.
.

-1
.

-2
.

-3
.

.
-4
:

5 10
18 :

)(
)(


)(
)(
)(

)(
4
3
5
25
10
18
4.58

)(
6
7
5
56
10
18
4.58

)(
4
5.4
5
25
10
18
4.58

) ( :
:
: :

+ +

) (
) (
)

)( %

)(
6
11
5
56
10
18
4.58

(
1
2
3
4

19.5
23.76
15.28
16.15

113.56
112.65
79.89
108.6

103.2
98
65.6
85.1

12.37
19.73
28.39
34.08

(%Sample calculation : to find (w

W% for first case: W%=[ (113.56-103.2)/(103.2-19.5)]=12.37%
:
:

+
) 3

(
)(
)(
1
2
3
4

3100
3100
3100
3100

4535
5828
4830
4769

945
945
945
945

b ) ,( d

)/
(3

)
(%

)/
(3

1.518
1.828
1.83
1.766

12.37
19.73
28.39
34.08

1.35
1.526
1.425
1.317

(:

( Sample calculation to find

:(For first case sample No(1

= b

=]) g/cm3 1.518=[945 / ( 4535-3100

b
1 + %

=d

=] )g/cm 1.350 =[ (1+0.1237) / (1.518



) (
.