1

AbstractLimitation of water renewable resources in one hand,

and increasing growth in consuming water in different parts such as
agriculture, industry, urban and environment in other hand, face
management of these valuable resources to many challenges. Present
study attempts to clarify recent condition of the problem and
introduce effective management tools in water supply sector. In order
to achieve this purpose, simulating model HEC-Res Sim was used for
utilizing dam reservoirs for two reservoir system of Dez reservoir
and regulating dams that located on Dez River in tandem form. The
simulation was implemented during water years of 2003 t0 2005.
obtained results showed regulating of desired storage volume and
balancing water level in dam reservoir for those water years, so that it
responded timely to water consumption requirement in downstream
for mentioned water years and it emphasized on profitability of the
model as effective tool in planning and management of dam reservoir
utilization in different season and variable condition of request
specially in dry and semi dry regions.

KeywordsSimulation, Utilization, HEC Res Sim, Reservoir
Dam, Dez Reservoir, Regulating Dam
I. I.INTRODUCTION
LTHOUGH regarding consecutive drought the world faced,
it does not move toward crisis but warns stakeholders or
so called beneficiary groups that is involved people of
natural resource ( water and soil) (Hedyat , 2005).
Water renewable resource management is a complex issue
that requires comprehensive investigation in social,
economical and environmental fields. Considering that water
resource of the world face to increasing challenges then it
require to use appropriate management tool more than past
years for stabilizing them. One of an important factor that can
be effective in stable development and appropriate
management of these resources is storing and regulating of
water in dam. Therefore, in order to regulate water volume,
some reservoirs are established on the rivers to store it in the
rainy season. These reservoirs are able to prepare downstream

Majid Mazlumi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Susangerd
Branch , Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran
Hashem Makenalizadeh, Department of Civil Engineering, Susangerd
Branch, Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran
Sadegh Torfi, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Susangerd Branch ,
Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran (Corresponding author, phone:
(+98) 916 941 7762; fax: (+98) 612 4222324; e-mail: st@siau.ac.ir).
Golnar Bassak Harouni, Department of mechanical Engineering, Sama
Technical and Vocational Training College, Islamic Azad University,
Susangerd Branch, Susangerd, Iran
Aref Sayahi, Department of computer Engineering , Susangerd Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Susangerd, Iran.


water requirements in lack of water condition and flow
required by hydroelectric power plant (Osroush, 2009).
Stimulation is a modeling method that used for predicting a
system behavior on computer with displaying all detail
characteristics by mathematical description (Ackoff, 1961).
Simulation models have fast and appropriate capabilities for
evaluating and predicting water reservoir system performance
and consequently for selecting appropriate options and
scenarios for desired area.
The first simulation model for reservoir systems was
established in 1953 by American army engineers to investigate
utilization of 6 reservoirs located on Misouri River (Ackoff,
1961).
[7] and [4] used simulation in development program of Lee-
hayg river for multipurpose and multi reservoir systems.
One of general simulation model of reservoir is model HEC-5
(flood simulation, flood control and its security system). The
study of flood control on Saskohana reservoirs system was
investigated by HEC-5 model [2] . The software HEC-Res sim
is graphic version and alternative Software HEC 5 that was
designed by American Army of this software introduced to the
market in 2007 that has new facilities such as ability to define
hydroelectric power plant and pomp station in reservoirs
Teasley et al (2004) prepared a simulation model for forgotten
river in Texas using this software .In this study software HEC
Res Sim was used as a model for utilization purposes with
the aim that its results were used as an analytical framework
for selecting utilization scenario from Dez reservoir and
regulating Dam.
II.MATERIAL AND METHODS
Dez reservoir dam is a multipurpose structure that is
constructed with the aim of controlling flood flows of Dez
River in order to prepare water needed for agricultural
purposes, generating safe hydroelectric energy as 520 mw/h
and controlling floods and preventing seasonal flooding of
Dez River. The dam was constructed in 25 km distance of east
north of Dezful on main branch of Dez River, 100 Km
upstream of crossing of both Karoun and Dez rivers. The
length of Dez dam is 65 km. Dez regulating dam is located in
30 km distance from it at downstream. In order to control and
re regulate outlet water from Dez reservoir dam and prepare
inlet water to irrigation. System and its covered drainage
system. It was designed based on 200m
3
/s and possibility of
passing 600m
3
/s flood flow. The length of the dam is 12 km
and Dez diversion dam was constructed in 6 km distance from
downstream of the regulating dam. The purpose of the dam is
Simulating Utilization from Reservoir in the
form of MultipleDam using HECRes Sim
(Case Study: Two Reservoir Dam System of Dez Reservoir and Regulating
Dam)
M. Mazlumi, H. Makenalizadeh, S. Torfi, G. Bassak Harouni, A. Sayahi
A
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 58 2011
315
deviate Dez river water in gravity form to the main east and
west channels (with capacity of 157 m
3
/s for west channel and
92 m
3
/s for east channel) (Figure 1).

Fig. 1 situation of observation region
A. Simulating the dam reservoir and introducing HEC-Res
Simmodel
Studying and investigating behavior of dam reservoirs and
determining their volume regarding physical characteristics of
structure system, statistics, input and output data about the
flow can be performed using simulation model. According to
allowed risk in achieving the purposes of the plan and
determining reliability with specific volume of the reservoir
that can be responsive for sub network requirements. In order
to use this model, it is necessary to utilize computer software
packages able to simulate numerous series of reservoir system
(regarding to method of utilization) (Osroush, 2009). In this
study, HEC Res sim model was used. The model consists of
graphical user interface (GUI), a computational program for
simulating process of the reservoir, storage capabilities, data
management and graphical and reporting facilities. Its data
storage system, HEC-Dss, is used to maintain and recover
input and output time series of data. The software consists of
three separated modules. Watershed setup depicts general
scheme of the watershed Reservoir Network module control
input data of the reservoir and simulation module responsible
for simulating and calculations related to it.Input data of the
model include depicting waterway path of rivers and data
related to the reservoir. Input data include curves of height,
area, volume, evaporation and leakage rate and the capacity of
controlled and uncontrolled overflow. Data related to
utilization include flood control areas are defined by users.
ResSim is able to define operational rule of the system for two
or more reservoir in both parallel and tandem form. This
model prepares some facilities for consecutive operation to
manage storage distribution between upstream and
downstream reservoir on the flow.After conducting the
simulating stages, effective parameters in selecting desired
volume of the reservoir is produced by the software and after
investigating and analyzing them and also applying expert
judgments, appropriate option of reservoir volume will be
selected.
Regarding to above mentioned points, simulation process
was conducted for two reservoir system, Dez reservoir dam
and regulating dam and its results will be presented and
analyzed.
B. Evaluating criterias for efficiency of water resources
systems
Resources system performances are evaluated by some
simple criterias such as mean, interests variance and
utilization variables that are useful but often insufficient.
Using indicators such as reliability, resiliency and
vulnerability (RRV) for classifying and evaluating water
resources system performance, was suggested by Hashimoto
et al, (1982) for first time. These indicators are used to test
water resources system for different scenarios and evaluate
output of water resources system with regard to desired needs.
As one criterion (C) is defined for every water supplying
resource that is equivalent to in satisfaction value for the
resource which unable to prepare pre-determined performance
time series of daily values of the river flow simulation or
reservoir balance
t
x is estimated for time period of T .Every
water supplying resource has satisfactory range(S) and
unsatisfaction (U) which is defined for criterion (C)
t
z is
prepare or not preparing criteria and if c x
t
> , then 1 =
t
x
and s x
t
< otherwise 0 =
t
z and
t
z u (Iacoby and locks ,
1972)
Then

+
. ; 0
; 1
1
els
s x u x
t t


If unsatisfaction range are defined as
1
j ,
2
j and
n
j ,
then reliability , resiliency and vulnerability indicators of the
system are defined as follows :
(1) Reliability
t t
R
z T
C
1

(2) Resiliency
t
R
w t
C
S
1

(3)Vulnerability
v
C
i
tj
max
x
c I 1,..,N
Reliability (
R
C ) is the criteria of frequency of failure
resource. Resiliency (
S
R
C ) shows return speed or resource
recovering from failure state.
v
C (Shows failure development.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The most important consumers of water exited from Dez
reservoir and regulating are sabili channels (downstream Dez
dam) and east and west channel (downstream Dez regulating
dam). In this study agricultural and drinking water
requirements were used based on downstream needs. Res Sim
simulating model was implemented for two reservoir system,
Dez reservoir and regulating dams, regarding to inlet intake to
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 58 2011
316
Dez reservoir dam during time period of 2003-2006 (figure 2).
Based on this, daily changes of discharge exited from Dez
reservoir dam (figure 3) and Dez regarding dam (figure 4)
were observed.
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
8
2

+
-
8
2

'-'
8
2

'
8
2
,

8
2

-
+
-
8
2
-
---

8
3

-
-
+
-,

8
3

=
8
3

,-
8
3

-
8
3

,
,

+
-
8
3

+
-
8
3

'-'
8
3

'
8
3
,

8
3

-
+
-
8
3
-
---

8
4

-
-
+
-,

8
4

=
8
4

,-
8
4

-
8
4

,
,

+
-
8
4

+
-
8
4

'-'
8
4

'
8
4
,

8
4

-
+
-
8
4
-
---

8
5

-
-
+
-,

8
5

=
8
5

,-
8
5

-
8
5

,
,

+
-
()
(

Fig. 2 diagram of monthly variation input flow of Dez reservoir dam
in 82-83, 83-84, 84-85 water years
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
8
2

+
-
8
2

'-'
8
2

'
8
2
,

8
2

-
+
-
8
2
-
---

8
3

-
-
+
-,

8
3

=
8
3

,-
8
3

-
8
3

,
,

+
-
8
3

+
-
8
3

'-'
8
3

'
8
3
,

8
3

-
+
-
8
3
-
---

8
4

-
-
+
-,

8
4

=
8
4

,-
8
4

-
8
4

,
,

+
-
8
4

+
-
8
4

'-'
8
4

'
8
4
,

8
4

-
+
-
8
4
-
---

8
5

-
-
+
-,

8
5

=
8
5

,-
8
5

-
8
5

,
,

+
-
( )
(

Fig. 3 diagram of daily variations of simulated out put flow of Dez
reservoir dam in 82-83 and 83-84 and 84-85 water years
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
8
2

+
-
8
2

'-
'
8
2

'
8
2

,

8
2

-
+
-
8
2
-
-
-
-

8
3

-
-
+
-,

8
3

=
8
3

,-
8
3

-
8
3

,
,

+
-
8
3

+
-
8
3

'-
'
8
3

'
8
3

,

8
3

-
+
-
8
3
-
-
-
-

8
4

-
-
+
-,

8
4

=
8
4

,-
8
4

-
8
4

,
,

+
-
8
4

+
-
8
4

'-
'
8
4

'
8
4

,

8
4

-
+
-
8
4
-
-
-
-

8
5

-
-
+
-,

8
5

=
8
5

,-
8
5

-
8
5

,
,

+
-
()
(

Fig. 4 diagram of daily variations of simulated output flow of Dez
regulative dam in 82-83, 83-84, and 84-85 water years

According obtained results, it can be concluded that their
balance between outlet discharge from dams and reservoir
water level, that its reason probably is reservoir definition in
tandem form in the model. In other word, during time period
when water level in reservoir dam is high, level of water in
regulating dam is increased proportionally and vice versa. We
conclude from obtained result that due to appropriate input
water to Dez reservoir dam during time period of 2003 to
2006, supplied water level for various downstream
stakeholders, meet their needs in the same time period (figure
5).
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
8
2

+
-
8
2

'-'
8
2

'
8
2
,

8
2

-
+
-
8
2
-
--
-

8
3

-
-
+
-,

8
3

=
8
3

,-
8
3

-
8
3

,
,

+
-
8
3

+
-
8
3

'-'
8
3

'
8
3
,

8
3

-
+
-
8
3
-
--
-

8
4

-
-
+
-,

8
4

=
8
4

,-
8
4

-
8
4

,
,

+
-
8
4

+
-
8
4

'-'
8
4

'
8
4
,

8
4

-
+
-
8
4
-
--
-

8
5

-
-
+
-,

8
5

=
8
5

,-
8
5

-
8
5

,
,

+
-
()
(

_== '',-

Fig. 5 comparison diagram of daily variations of simulated output
flow rate from Dez regulative dam reservoir to requirements in 82-
83, 83-84, and 84-85
In other hand, due to excessive output flow, more than
downstream applicants in May and March 2005, April 2005,
February and March 2006, appropriate scenario of output can
be implemented. In this scenario for example, with 40 percent
decrease in reservoir output(1ts storage) in May 2004 and
utilizing it in Summer and October 2004, 40 percent decrease
in reservoir output in March 2004 and April 2005 in other to
utilizing it in dry season, June 2005 and Summer 2005, and
also 20 percent decrease in reservoir output in February and
March 2006 and April 2006 with the purpose of starting
utilization in June and summer 2006 a suitable and desirable
utilization system for water reservoirs stored at behind of Dez
reservoir and regulating dams may be established. Applying
this method can help decision makers and responsible people
for establishing a stable request and supply system for water
renewable resources. This may be effective for desired
management of these resources and prevent drought condition
effects. So solving problems can reduce harmful effects of
water shortage. Figure 6 shows the result of implementing the
scenario by model for Dez regulating dam and comparing it
with downstream requirements.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
8
2

+-
8
2

'-'
8
2

'
8
2
,

8
2

-
+
-
8
2
-
---

8
3

-
-
+
-,

8
3

=
8
3

,-
8
3

-
8
3

,
,

+
-
8
3

+-
8
3

'-'
8
3

'
8
3
,

8
3

-
+
-
8
3
-
---

8
4

-
-
+
-,

8
4

=
8
4

,-
8
4

-
8
4

,
,

+
-
8
4

+-
8
4

'-'
8
4

'
8
4
,

8
4

-
+
-
8
4
-
---

8
5

-
-
+
-,

8
5

=
8
5

,-
8
5

-
8
5

,
,

+
-
()
(

_== ',-

Fig. 6 comparison diagram of daily variations of simulated output
flow rate from Dez reservoir dam reservoir to requirements in 82-83,
83-84, and 84-85



World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 58 2011
317
IV. CONCLUSION
1. The model was applicable to simulation of two
reservoir systems, Dez reservoir and regulating dams and by
using it, different scenarios can be investigated.
2. The model results showed that storage in reservoir
dams was reached to an appropriate level according to water
input to reservoirs and water requirement was resolved.
3. Among the characteristics of the model, we can point
to its ability to adopt any optional structures from reservoirs,
powerhouse place, water intake place, place of water entrance
to system, regarding to influence of parallel and tandem each
other.
4. The model was able to apply different policies in
utilizing based on different needs of the user.
5. Simulating models are appropriate models for
evaluating the reservoir performance with different capacities
and utilization policies, but these models are not appropriate in
selecting the best structure of system and purpose and policies.
Because of these, it is suggested that simulating and
optimizing models are utilized together for these purpose until
more acceptable results achieved for decision makers.
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[4] Hufschmidt, M. M. and Fiering, M. B. (1962). Simulation Thechniques
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[5] Hydrologic Engineering Center, "The HEC-ResSim Users Manual",
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II.
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