Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ______________________

Lesson 3: Revision of Numbers and Operations

Revision Question 1 (a) Given that 26 x 112 = 7744, evaluate . (b) Write 1728 as a product of its prime factors. Hence find the value of . (c) (i) Express 3969 and 9261 as products of their prime factors in index notation. (ii) Hence, find the positive square root of 3969. (iii) Find the largest integer that is a factor of 3969 and 9261. [5 marks]

Solution: (a) (b)

7744 = (2 6 112 ) = 2 3 11 = 8 11 = 88

1728 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 3
1728 = (2 6 33 ) = 2 2 3 = 4 3 = 12

(c)

(i)

3 3 3 3 7 7

3969 1323 441 147 49 7 1

3 3 3 7 7 7

9261 3087 1029 343 49 7 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3

1728 864 432 216 108 54 27 9 3 1

3969 = 34 x 72 9261 = 33 x 73 (ii) (iii)

3969 = (34 7 2 ) = 32 7 = 9 7 = 63

3969 = 34 x 72 9261 = 33 x 73 H.C.F of 3969 and 9261 = 33 x 72 = 27 x 49 = 1323

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 2 (a) Express 42 and 315 as products of their prime factors, giving your answer in index notation. (b) Find the smallest positive integer p such that 315p is a perfect square. (c) Find the smallest possible integer q such that 42q is a multiple of 315. [5 marks] Solution: (a) 42 = 2 x 3 x 7 315 = 32 x 5 x 7 315p = 32 x 5 x 7p = 32 x 52 x 72 (for it to be perfect square) p = 5 x 7 = 35 (c)
42q 2 x 3 x 7q 2q 2q = 2 = = 315 3 x 5 x 7 3 x 5 15 42q 2q = to be a smallest whole number, q = 15 315 15

(b)

For

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 3 (a) Given that 4752 = 22a x 3b x 114c, find the values of a, b and c. (b) The H.C.F. of 56, x and 154 is 14 and their L.C.M. is 4312. Find the smallest possible integer, x. [5 marks] Solution:

(a)
2

4752 = 22a x 3b x 114c = 24 x 33 x 11

2

2 =4=2 2a = 2 a= 3b = 33 b=3 114c = 11 4c = 1 c= (b)

2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 11

4752 2376 1188 594 297 99 33 11 1

56 = 23 x 7 154 = 2 x 7 x 11

The H.C.F of 56 and 154 is 2 x 7 = 14 The L.C.M of 56 and 154 is 23 x 7 x 11 = 616 4312 616 = 7 The smallest possible integer x is 2 x 72 = 98 Check: 56 = 23 x 7 98 = 2 x 72 154 = 2 x 7 x 11 The H.C.F of 56 and 154 is 2 x 7 = 14 The L.C.M of 56 and 154 is 23 x 72 x 11 = 4312

2 2 2 7 7 11

4312 2156 1078 539 77 11 1

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 4 Melanie has 3 pieces of string measuring 120 cm, 192 cm and 252 cm respectively. She wants to cut the strings into smaller pieces of equal lengths with no remainders. (a) Find the greatest possible length of each of the smaller pieces of string. (b) How many of these smaller pieces of string can she get? [5 marks] Solution:

120 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 23 x 3 x 5 192 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 26 x 3 252 = 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 x 7 =22 x 32 x 7 H.C.F of 120, 192, 252 = 22 x 3 = 12 (a) The greatest possible length of each of the smaller pieces of ribbon is 12 cm. 120 + 192 + 252 = 564 cm 564 12 = 47 (b) She can get 47 smaller pieces of ribbons of equal length.

Revision Question 5 During Youth Day celebrations, a school distributed 4125 files, 1485 pens and 7260 writing pads equally to all the students of the school. (a) Find the largest possible number of students in the school that day. (b) Find the largest number of files, pens and writing pads each student received. [5 marks] Solution:

4125 = 3 x 53 x 11 1485 = 33 x 5 x 11 7260 = 22 x 3 x 5 x 112 H.C.F of 4125, 1485 and 7260 = 3 x 5 x 11 = 165 (a) The largest possible number of students in the school that day is 165. (b) Largest no of files = 4125 165 = 25 Largest no of pens = 1485 165 = 9 Largest no of pads = 7260 165 = 44

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 6 Ferry service Q leaves the jetty every 3 minutes. Ferry service P leaves the jetty every 4 minutes and Ferry Service S leaves the jetty every 6 minutes. If all 3 ferry services have ferries leaving the jetty at 0600, when will the last time that 3 ferries leave the jetty together, before 0730? [5 marks] Solution:

4=2x2 6=2x3 L.C.M of 3, 4 and 6 is 3 x 4 = 12 The three ferry services have ferries leaving together every 12 min. Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 0600 + 0084 = 0724 3 ferries will leave the jetty together the last time before 0730 at 0724.
Revision Question 7 (a) Evaluate {21 [12 + (18)] 3} 3 (b) Arrange the number in descending order. 1 1 1 1 ,0.101, , ,0.09, 9 10 11 10

[5 marks]
Solution:

(a)

{21 [12 + (18)] 3} 3 = {21 [12 18)] 3} 3 = {21 [30] 3} 3 = {21 [90]} 3 = (21 + 90) 3 = 63 3 = 21
. 1 = 0.1111...... = 0.1 9

(b)

1 = 0 .1 10
. . 1 = 0.0909090909... = 0.0 9 0 11

. . 1 = 0.0909090909... = 0.0 9 0 11

In descending order:

1 1 1 1 , ,0.09, ,0.101, 10 11 10 9

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 8

(a) The solution to a set of numbers is represented on the number line below. Describe in words, the set of numbers.

-6
(b)

-5 -4

-3 -2

-1

Express (i)
9 11 23 27 53 54

(ii)

(iii)

[5 marks]
Solution:

(a) (b)

The set of numbers are real numbers greater than -4 but less than or equal to 5. (i)

. . 9 = 0.81818181... = 0. 81 11 . . 23 = 0.851851851... = 0. 8 51 27 . . 53 = 0.9814814814... = 0.9 81 4 54

(ii)

(iii)

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 9

(a)

Express

3 36

1 + (1 ) 2 as a fraction in its lowest terms. 3 8

(b)

Evaluate (i) (ii)

5 (10.3) 2 .8 + ( 3 .2 ) as a fraction in its simplest form as a recurring decimal [5 marks]

Solution:

(a)

3 36

1 3 1 4 1 1 16 16 7 + (1 ) 2 = + ( ) 2 = + ( ) = 1 + = 3 6 2 3 2 2 9 9 9 8

(b) (i)

5 (10.3) 51.5 515 103 7 = = = = 8 2.8 + (3.2) 6 60 12 12 8

. 7 = 8.58333333... = 8.58 3 12

(ii)

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Secondary 1 Mathematics Lesson 3: Numbers and the Four Operations I Revision Question 10

(a)

Given that 2 x 3 and 5 y 1 , find (i) The smallest value of

x y (ii) The greatest value of x 2 y 3

(iii) The value of y if y 2 = 25

5.996 197 4.02 (ii) A number corrected to four significant figures is 3 980 000. Write down the minimum possible value of the number.

(b)

(i) Estimate correct to one significant figure, the value of

(iii)

Express 2.0 2 0 7 to five significant figures. [5 marks]

Solution:

(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (b) (i) (ii)

The smallest value of

x 2 = = 2 y 1 The greatest value of x 2 y 3 = (5) 2 (5) 3 = 25 (125) = 150

The value of y if y 2 = 25 is y = 5

5.996 197 6 196 6 14 = = 21 20 (correct to 1 sig. fig.) 4.02 4 4

3 975 000 3 980 000 (correct to 4 sig. fig.)

Minimum possible value of the number is 3 975 000. (iii)

2.0 2 0 7 = 2.0207207... 2.0207 (correct to 5 sig. fig)
. .

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