1)what is the file is read to start the instance? 2)what file is read when database is mounted?

3)what actions will occure if we issue command startup at SQL prompt imediately? Ans)instance is started ,database is mounted,and database is opened. 4)what do dirty buffers comprises of? Ans) d a)Buffers modified but wiritten to disk b)Buffers not yet modified c)Buffers only accessed for data d)Buffers modified but not yet written to disk 5)what parameter is used to size database bugger cache? A)db_cache_size or db_block_buffer 6)what do the libraty cache consists of? Ans)Holds parsed versions of excuted sql statement And Hold compiled versions of pl/sql program unit 7)How can we size shared pool? 8)what is program global area contents? Ans) users progarm variables,users session information nad user defined Cursors 9)what happens during process of checkpoint? Ans)Its a event of recording modified blocks buffer cache onto datafiles when checkpoint occures it will invoke the DBWR to write dirty blocks from database buffer cache to database files. 10)wha is the function of SMON? Ans) SMON will do the crash recovery,cleaning of temporary segments and coalescing free space.But it doesnot take care of background process. 11)which of the following cannot be a part ofr Sstem Global Area? Ans) (a)database buffer cache (b) large pool (c)program global area (d) java pool 12)The total number of Base tables that get created into sys account? Ans)1762 13)what is the status of your database when we create the create database files(ex: dbcreate.sql)? Ans) nomount 14)what users that gets created automatically the moment the database is created? Ans)sys,system 15)what is the tablespaces that accomodates base tables? Ans) system(It creates Base tables is System tablespace) 16)what is default tablespace of sys user? Ans) system 17)Is Data Dictionary views are static? Ans)True (Data Dictionary view are ntohing but DBA_,ALL_,USER_) 18)Is the database creation successful with this command? SQL>create database; Ans)Ture (It will creating controlfile and datafiles) 19)what happend when a command 'SHUTDOWN NORMAL' is issued? Ans)when we issue a command SHUTDOWN then it wll wait for connected users to disconnect but it doesnot allow to any user to logged in to the database. 20)Can we create a tablespace with multiple datafiles at a single stroke? Ans)Yes SQL>create tablespace <tablespace> datafile '<path of datafile 1> size 10m,'<path of datafile 2> size 3m; 21)Can a datafile be associated with two different tablespaces? Ans)No,One datafile can associated to one tablspace not more than one tablespace

22)Suppose your database has max_datafiles limit of 80 and we wnat ot add files above this limit which file we need to modify? Ans) (a) controlfile (b) init.ora (c)alertfile (e)none (a) In controlfile we have to change MAXDATAFILES=<number> and we have to recreate controlfile then only it will change the limit of datafiles for the database. 23)which view tells us about all the tablspaces in your database? Ans)dba_data_files,v$tablespaces 24)Can we bring system tablespace offline when the database is up? Ans) we cannot make system tablspace offline because it contains base tables 25)what is default initial extent size when the tablespace is dictionary managed Ans)when we creates a dictionary managed tablespace it will give the initial extent as 5*<block_size> 26)which parameter should be added in init.ora file for creating tablespace with multiple blocksizes? Ans)we have add db_nk_cache_size=<value> when N in 2,4,6,16,32.we are specifying valued for that particular block size,oracle allocate buffers in database buffer cache for that block size whenver we erform any transaction on that particular block size tablespace it will use that buffers. 27)what is the value for the storage clause pctincrease when the tablespace extent management is local(uniform)? Ans)PCTINCREASE for locally managed tablespace is 0% 28)What is the command that combines all the smaller contiguousfree extents in the tablespace into one larget extent? Ans)Coalesce is used to combine all the smaller continuos free extents in the tablespace into one larger extent.merfge and sum are SQL commands related to table and add extents is not a valid. 29)If the system datafiles to be renamed,the database must be in which mode? Ans)mount Reason:For renaming a datafile belonging to system tablespace our database should be in mount state because system contains all the base tables when we open a database it will continuosly update the base tables even if are not performing transactions. 30)After creating a tablespace what is the default value for segment space management in 10g? Ans)In oracle 10g is Auto 31)A tablespace was created with extent management as local.Ater that the tablespace extent management was changed from local to dictionary.What would be the next extent size? Ans)Its 1m after the change 32)If we create a tablespace with extent management dictionary and block size 8k with default storage initial 10k.Ater creating this tablespace what value it will show for initial_extent in dba_tablespaces? Ans)40k If extent management is dictionary then database requires initial extent size atleast(block_size*5).here 8k*5=40k 33)Can we create table with ur own parameters like(initial 300k next 300k minextents) on tablespace whose extent management is local Ans)yes we can create 34)A locally managed tablespace is made offline what is the status fo bytes column in dba_data_files? Ans)It shows null value 35)can we resize a datafile where the related tablespace is in offline mode? Ans)we cannot do it 36)DBA changed datafile's autoextend value fo on,what is the default value for

increment_by(column)located in dba_data_files? Ans)1m Explanation:When we will changed datafile to Autoextend on then value of increment_by column in DBA_DATA_FILES will be im(bydefault) means ater filling of datafile complete it will increase the size datafile by 1m everytime. 37)Can we drop a objecdt when the tablespace is in read only mode? Ans)yes we can do it 38)we are trying to create a table with your own storage parameters in a locally managed tablespace.Guess what happens? Ans)It will create table with default storage parameters at tablespace level. 39)Extent deallocation for a segment is done when? Ans)When we dropped or truncate a object it will deallocate the extents for that segement 40)what type of data is available in rollback segments Ans)previous image,undo previous command,read consistency,crash recovery (The main purpose of rollback segments are to maintain before/previous image of data) 41)what is default status of rollback segment the moment it is created? Ans)Ater creating rollback segment the default status will be offline. 42)what is the storage parameter that is unique to rollback segments? Ans)For a rollback segment unize storage parameter is optimal for shirinking. 43)Suppose a rollback segment is occupied by a tranasaction and in the mean time the rollback segment is brought offline at that moment what is the status of that rollback segment? Ans)when rollback supporting one transactionand in mean time if ur making that rollback segment offline then the status of rollback segment will be pending offline because one active transaction was going on that rollback segment. 44)What does high watermark size(hwm size in rollback segments state? Ans)Hight water mark size indicates the max size of rollback segment has frown ever in his life time. 45)Suppose the users tablespace is brought offline which has some open transaction later the user said commit what is the status of the rollback segment at this stage? Ans)The status of rollback segment will be deffered. 46)To make rollback sements online the moment the database is started what is the file we need to modify? Ans)we have to modify init.ora parameter file to online any rollback segment when DB is started 47)Can a rollback segment hold multiple entries Ans)No, Oracle donot allow to drop undo tablespace which in use,Because other than sys use system rollback segment cannot use any other users 48)Can we create the permanent objects in default temporary tablespace of DB? Ans)we cannot create any permanent object in any temporary tablespace. 49)can we make a tempfile read only? Ans)No,DBA cannot make any tempfile read only 50)how can we find out the default temporary tablespace of a DB? Ans)database_properties 51)what is the extent_management value for the temporary tablespace created in10g? Ans)Local It's a Local,Because extent information of dictionary managed tablespace will be stored in data dictionary and locally managed tablespace extent information will be stored in locally in same tablespace so it will reduce the burden on dictionary.If temporary is dictionary managed then its burden is on data dictionary. 52)what is the min,size for a temporary file to be created? Ans)we can create temporary file with minimum 1041k size. 53)what is the value for allocation_type column in dba_tablespaces view for temporary tablespace

Ans)Oracle will uniformly allocate extents for temporary tablespace 54)which cmd is used to make the temporary TS as default temporary TS of a DB Ans)alter database default temporary tablespace <tablespacename> ; to make a default temporary tablespace for a database 55)In which conditions should mee to convert permenant TS into Temporary Ans)The tablespace should be dictionary managed and must be empty. 56)can we create temporary tablespace with "SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEWMENT AUTO" Ans)NO,we cannot create temporary tablespace with segment space management auto 57)Create user with out mentioning default tablespace clause.Then bydefault which tablespace allocate for the user? Ans) From 10g onword which is the default tablespace for database that will be assign to the user. 58)One user assigned select on <table> to another user with grant option after that this second user assined same privilage to third user.Ater firstt user revoked this privilege from second user.Then third can he use that already assigned privilege? Ans)No 60)If DBA created one role with some privileges and assigned this role to users.Ater that he want revoke on privilege from that users how? Ans)revoke from <role> we have to revoke the privilege from the role.We cannot revoke directly from the user. 61)DBA created one profile and assigned to user for that which parameter we need set in init.ora? Ans)Resource_limit=true we have set init.ora tile so profile will effect on user. 62)Which privilege is necessary for a normal user to change his password? Ans)User require create session privillege to change his own password because he is own that whole schema. 63)how to manually lock user account? Ans) Alter user <username> account lock; 64)which view user can see his privileges? Ans)session_privs willshow the privileges for that user 65)One user has quota on two tablespaces.Can he creates his tables other than default tablespace this user revoke DBA from system? Ans)yes,If user having quota on different tablespaces he can create his own objects on that tablespaces. 66)System user granted DBA to normal user.Now can this user revoke DBA from system? Ans)Yes, User can revoke a dba privilege from sysdba.Because Oracle database requires at any point of time one DBA only. 67)For createing password file for sys in which directory we are created? Ans)we have to create your password file in ORACLE_HOME/dbs directory only then only it will read that password file. 66)what is default location of listener.ora file? Ans) $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin 67)The Listener service is stopped after giving a connection to a client.What is the status of client? Ans)Connection will be continued 68)what privilige is necessary for a normal user to change his password? Ans)U are require create session privilege to change his own password because he is own that whole schema. 69)which view user can seee his privileges? Ans)session_privs will show the privileges for that user 70)what is the command to start listener? Ans)lnsrctl start <listenername> to start the listener. Lsnrctl reload will be used when we add more services in listener.ora 71)Can we start the listener service for a database which is not yet started/opened? Ans)Yes,Listener is independent from database thats why we can start/stop the listener without

database also. 72)can we start multiple database services with in one listener service? Ans)yes,we can start n number of services in one listener with one listner 73)what is the view do we query to find out the users whol are connected usingt oracle networking? Ans)v$session. We can querry v$SESSION to find out all the information of users who are logged in to your database.We can find out from where user logged in,at what time he loged n etc. 74)Which operatins we can perform using network connections? Ans)We can use DML and DDL oeprations using network connections because using oracle networking directly your login to user schema. 75)what is background process is needed to create materialiaed view? Ans)reco & cjq0 cjq0 process is required to refresh materailiaed views and reco is required for maintaining distributed transactions betweendatabase. 76)what parameter do we use to start the reco process? Ans)DISTRIBUTED_TRANSACTIONS parameter is responsible for distributed transactions. 77)Is ist mandatory to put the parameter global_names=true for creating database links? Ans)No,It is not mandatory fo put prameter global_names=true for creating database link because this parameter we have to set when we are creating global database links. 78)For creating database links is it necessary to put some value for distributed_transactions parameter? Ans)Yes(needed only at client) 79)Can we do any DML operations on materialiaed view? Ans)No,materialized view is only read only we cannot perform any DML operations on materialized views. 80)How many refresh options do we have for creating materialized view? Ans)3, we have only three frefresh option for creating materialized view(COMPLETE,FAST,FORCE) 81)Can we manually refresh any materialized view? Ans)Yes we can refresh materialized view manually using DBMS_MVIEW package. 82)what is the segment type for materialized view? Ans)When we create a materialized view that a local table in database so segment type of materialized view is TABLE 83)what is the syntax todrop materialized view? Ans)SQL>drop materialized view <mview_name> 84)what is status of the tablespace when itsgetting exported(transportable tablespace) Ans)read only, Since data should not be manipulated while its getting exported that's what the tablespace must be in read only mode. 85)what shoul d be the status of the database when we are taking full database backup? Ans)Open,Since in open state data objects definitions and dataa are available and in other states its not availabel thats what the database must be in open mode. 86)what does compress parameter mean Ans)compress all the extents of a table and make one single big extent Explanation:By default the compress parameter value is 'Y' if u don't want to compress all athe into a single extent then u can mention compress=N while taking export. 87)One of these levels is Not supported by export utility? Ans)block level Explanation:Exp is a logical backup it will not support block level backup 88)Suppose we had taken a full databas e export and now want to import it to a non oracle database can we do it? Ans)No,it not possible because int he dump file the object definitions and data format will be in the format of oracle

89)what does feedback parameter in exports state Ans)If we give some value for feedbackup parameter after that many rows exported it will give the feedback default value is 0. 90)Can we export a table's structure but not records? Ans)we can export only a tables structure by giving that parameter rrows=N 91)what is the purpose of destroy paramerer while importing? Ans)destroys all the indexes associated with a table Explanation:if u give destroy=y then then it will destroys the datafiles and recreates datafiles 92)Is it possible to export single partition of a table Ans)Yes,by giving the parameter tables=(<tablename>,<partion_name>) 93)which oracle utility is faster for downloading data into a dumpfile? Ans)In EXPDP we can start multiple process to download the data by specifying PARALLEL=<value> 94)what role is required for performing a FULL export datapump? Ans)EXP_FULL_DATABASE or DBA any one of the roles are required to take full export of database 95)In which schema is the master table created when performing expdp? Ans)Schema through which the utility is invoked Explanation:It will create master table in user schema through which through which expdp utility is invoked and after completion of job it will delete master table from the schema. 96)what parameter of expdp should i use when a particular tablespace needs to be backed up? Ans)TABLESPACES 97)which parameter should i use speedup the expdp? Ans)PARALLEL Explanation:To speedup the process of expdp we should use parallel.Processes and Threads are not valid parameters in expdp 98)Can we interrupt a expdp process? Ans)Yes Explanation:Yes we can,This is the main advantage of expdp over traditional exp/imp 99)which two PL/SQL packages are used by the Oracle Data Dump? Ans)DBMS_METADATA,DBMS_DATAPUMP Explanation:Oracle has given dbms_metadata and dbms_datapump for Oracle Data pump utility.with help of this packages we can start/stop/view the datapump jobs. 100)which command-line parameter of expdp and impdp clients connects we to an existing job? Ans) (a) CONNECT_CLIENT (b) CONTINUE_CLIENT (c)APPEND (d)ATTACH (d) Explanation:Continue_client is for starting the job. ATTACH is to attach existing job and remaining not a valid parameters in expdp 101)which parameter is not a valid for using impdp client? (a) REMAP_TABLE (b) REMAP_SCHEMA (c) REMAP_TABLESPACE (d) REMAP_DATAFILE Ans) a 102)Users are experiencing delays in query response time in a database application.Which area should we look at first to resolve the problem? (a) Memory (b) SGA (c)SAL statement (d) I/O Ans)c Explanation:Inefficient SQL coding may cause bottlenecks in application performance 103)Which of the following is measurable tuning goal that can be used to evaluate system performance? (a) Number of concurrent users (b)Database size

(c)Making the system run faster (d) database hit percentage Ans)D Explanation:If overall successfull database hit percentage is more than 85% then we can say the performance of the db is good 104)Performance has degraded on your system.And we discover paging and swapping is occuring.what is possible cause of this problem? (a)The SGA is too small (b)PGA is too large (c) SGA is too large (d) none Ans)b Explanation:If PGA size is too large then uers are able to communicate with server but he performance will be degraded if enough space is not available in ram,to support this user transactions oracl e start using swapping and paging 105)which of the following is false about control files? (a) maxlogfiles can be set (b) maxdatafiles can be set (c) maxinstances can be set (d) maxtablespaces can be set Ans)D Explanation:Controlfile contains the record of maxlogfils,maxlogmembers,meaxdatafiles,maxinstances and maxloghistory not maxtablespaces 106)control files cannot stroe which of the following information? (a)location of datafiles (b)location of redo log files (c) location of archived redolog files (d) none Ans) C 107)which of the following is false about redolog files? (a)There can be only one logfile (b) There can be only one logmember (c) There can be more than one redolog files (d) There can be more than one redolog members `(a) we must have atleast two redolog groups in database 108)which of the following is false about redolog files? (a) Logswitch can be forced by DBA (b) Alogswitch occurs when LGWR has filled one log file group (c) Logswitch occurs when DB shutdown (d) none of the above (c) Explanation:Alog switch can be occurd 'alter system switch logfile statement or log file group filled up. When shutdown a database a database logswitch willnot occure. 109)what happens when a user issues commit? Ans)The transactions present in redolog bugger are written to redolog files and then commit complete maessage is issued. Whenever a user say commit the transaction will be written to onlinie redolog file and the acknowlegement will be return to the user. 110)How do we change name of the database? Ans)To change the DB name take the trace of controlfile which would be created in USER_DUMP_DEST then we edit the BD NAME in trace file and init.ora file,remove the controlfiles which are existing go to the nomount state and then recreate the controlfile. 111)what is rolling forward mechanism? Ans) Applying contents of archive log files Explanation:Rolling forward is applying the the transactions which are there in the archivelog files upon the datafiles 112)Assuem that we lost redolog group 2.Then as a DBA how will we recover them? Ans)SQL>alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2; Explanation:If u don't have an inactive redo lo file database will be shutdown and then u have to go to the mount state and say 'alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2' so that the lost redolog group file will be created

113)From which data dictionary view will be find out where archived log files are created? Ans)v$archive_dest will dispaly the info. In 9i only 10 destination and in 8i only 5 destination 114)what are the minimum files will be copied in whole database cold backup? Ans)cntrolfile,datafiles,redologfiles in the sense whole database and external files like init.ora and password file are minimum files will be copied in cold backup. 115)To take cold backup,database will be in which mode? Ans)In cold backup the datafiles must be synchronized this will be possible in nomount or shutdown the database only possible 116)If we lose the database, to recover it? Ans)Running in archive log mode and Backup (which we have tabken after putting it in archive log mode) should be availabe. Explanation:If u want to recover the database must have the consistent backup of database and the archivelogs in order to apply all the archivelogs upon the datbaase files. 117)we are attempting to identify synchronization between files on a mounted database that was just backedup .which of the following dictionary views may offer assistance in this task? Ans)V$datafile_header view provides the status of each datafile along wich scn in DB. 118)An oracle database ensures detection of the need for database recovery by chedcking for synchronization using which of the following background processes? Ans)SMON will do the instance recovery if the datafile SCN is not matching with the controlfile SCN 119)Afer a session makes a change to a table in oracle database,at what point is that change physically wirtten to the database files? Ans)When a checkpoint occurs the current SCN will be wirtten to each datafile and dirty buffers will be written to the corresponding datafiles. 120)we are concerned that media recovery performance will be slow because we have very large redo logs to apply to the Oracle database.Which of the following choices best identifies the way we can speed recovery performance in the future? Ans)If we take the backup of database more frequently we need not use more archive logfiles to do the recovery. 121)while the db is running in NO ARCHIVELOG MODE can we take a datafile offline by giving the command 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE <FILE_ID> OFFLINE' Ans)NO, Explanation:Unless we ebable the DB in ALM won't allow we to do the above statement but u can do the following statement 'ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE <ILE_ID> OFFLINE DROP' 122)To take hot backup database should be in Ans)Should be in archivelog mode and up and running