NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATIO N

DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY/ ROUTE 1 ampule OD IV

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Metoclopramide

Antiemetic GI stimulant

Stimulates motility of upper GI tract without stimulating gastric, biliary, or pancreatic secretions; appears to sensitize tissues to action of acetylcholine; relaxes pyloric sphincter, which, when combined with effects on motility, accelerates gastric emptying and intestinal transit, little effect on gallbladder or colon motility; increases lower esophageal sphincter pressure; has sedative properties; induces release of prolactin.

-short- term therapy for adults with GERD -parenteral: prevention of nausea and vomiting -prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting when nasogastric suction is undesirable -treatment of nausea and vomiting of a variety of etiologies -contraindicated with allergy to metoclopramide, GI hemorrhage, mechanical obstruction or perforation, epilepsy. -use cautiously with previously detected breast cancer, lactation, pregnancy

CNS: restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, anxiety CV: transient hypertension GI: nausea, diarrhea

-monitor BP carefully during IV administration -keep diphenhydramine injection readily available in case extrapyramidal reactions occur -have phenotolamine readily available in case of hypertensive crisis -take drug exactly as prescribed -use of alcohol, sleep remedies, or sedatives can cause serious sedation. -report involuntary movement of the face, eyes, and limbs

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENC/ ROUTE 1 Tab OD PO

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Bisacodyl

Increases peristalsis & motor activity of the small intestines by acting directly on the smooth muscles.

Constipation, relief of evacuation in hemorrhoids, prep for barium enema, pre and post-op

Occasional abdominal discomfort, soreness in anal region

-monitor frequency & character of stool -monitor occurrence of adverse rxn -swallow the tablet whole, do not crush or chew

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENC/ ROUTE 400/tab OD PO

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

OFLOXACIN

Antibiotic

Ofloxacin is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. It belongs to the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics. Ofloxacin stops the multiplication of bacteria by inhibiting the reproduction and repair of their genetic material (DNA).

-Ofloxacin is used to treat pneumonia and bronc hitiscaused by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococ cus pneumoniae. It also is used in treating skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, andStreptococcus pyogenes bacteria. -Ofloxacin is used to treat sexually transmitted diseases. -Ofloxacin is used often to treat urinary infections and prostate infections caused by E. Coli. -Ofloxacin should be avoided during pregnancy because it is secreted in breast milk and can cause adverse events in the infant. - Ofloxacin should be avoided in nursing mothers, as safe use has not been established. - Ofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with central nervous system diseases such as seizures because rare seizures have been reported in patients receiving this medication. -Ofloxacin should be avoided in children and adolescents under 18

nausea,vomiti ng, diarrhea, insomnia, hea dache, dizziness, itching, and vaginitis in women.

years of age, as safe use in these patients have not been established. -Ofloxacin should not be used in patients with myasthenia gravis because it can increase muscle weakness.

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENC/ ROUTE 25mg/tab OD PO

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

hydroxyzine hydrochloride

Anxiolytic Antihistamine Antiemetic

Mechanisms of action not understood; actions may be due to suppression of subcortical areas of the CNS; has clinically demonstrated antihistaminic, analgesic, antispasmodic, antiemetic, mild antisecretory, and bronchodilator activity

-Symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis; adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested; alcoholism and asthma; prior to dental procedures -Management of pruritus due to allergic conditions, such as chronic urticaria, atopic and contact dermatosis, and in histamine-mediated pruritus -Sedation when used as premedication and following general anesthesia -Control of nausea and vomiting and as adjunct to analgesia preoperatively and postoperatively (parenteral) to allow decreased opioid dosage

CNS: Drowsines s, involuntar y motor activity, including tremor and seizures GI: Dry mouth Hypersensitiv ity: Wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness

- Take this drug as prescribed. Avoid excessive dosage. - Report difficulty breathing, tremors, loss of coordination, sore muscles, or muscle spasms.

-Contraindicated with allergy to hydroxyzine, pregnancy, lactation. -Use cautiously with uncomplicated vomiting in children (may contribute to Reye's syndrome or unfavorably influence its outcome; extrapyramidal effects may obscure diagnosis of Reye's syndrome).

NAME OF DRUG . Tranexamic Acid

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENC/ ROUTE 500mg/cap TID PO

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

produces an antifibrinolytic effect by competitively inhibiting the activation of plasminogen to plasmin. It is also a weak noncompetitive inhibitor of plasmin

-Hereditary angioneurotic edema -Increased local fibrinolysis when the diagnosis is indicative of hyperfibrinolysis -Patients with a history or risk of thrombosis -Patients with acquired disturbances of color vision

-Pale skin -Troubled breathing with exertion - Unusual bleeding or bruising -Unusual tiredness or weakness -Difficulty with moving -Fever - Flushing

-Monitor closely in disseminated intravascular coagulation -Advise patient to report side effects associated with the drug -Discontinue if disturbance in colour vision occurs

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY/ ROUTE 200mg/sachet OD PO

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Acetylcysteine

Mucolytic agent

Exerts mucolytic action through its free sulfhydryl group which opens up the disulfide bonds in the mucoproteins thus lowering mucous viscosity. The exact mechanism of action in acetaminophen toxicity is unknown. It is thought to act by providing substrate for conjugation with the toxic metabolite.

-Treatment of respiratory affections characterized by thick and viscous hypersecretions: acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis and its exacerbations; pulmonary emphysema, mucoviscidosis and bronchiectasis. - MAO inhibitor therapy within 14 days initiating therapy; severe hypertension; severe. Coronary artery disease, hypersensitivity to pseudoedephrine, acrivastine or any component; renal impairment.

bronchospasm , angioedema, rashes and pruritus, nausea and vomiting, fever, syncope, sweating, arthralgia, blurred vision, disturbances of liver function

- Monitor effectiveness of therapy and advent of adverse/allergic effects. Instruct patient in appropriate use and adverse effects to report.

NAME OF DRUG

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY/ ROUTE 8cc 6 doses Via epidural catheter

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

Morphine Sulfate

Opioid agonist analgesic

Principal opium alkaloid; acts as agonist at specific opioid receptors in the CNS to produce analgesia, euphoria, sedation; the receptors mediating these effects are thought to be the same as those mediating the effects of endogenous opioids (enkephalins, endorphins).

-Relief of moderate to severe acute and chronic pain -Preoperative medication to sedate and allay apprehension, facilitate induction of anesthesia, and reduce anesthetic dosage -Analgesic adjunct during anesthesia -Component of most preparations that are referred to as Brompton's cocktail or mixture, an oral alcoholic solution that is used for chronic severe pain, especially in terminal cancer patients -Intraspinal use with microinfusion devices for the relief of intractable pain -Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to opioids; diarrhea caused by poisoning until toxins are eliminated; during labor or delivery of a premature infant (may cross immature bloodbrain barrier more readily); after biliary tract surgery or following surgical anastomosis; pregnancy; labor (respiratory depression in neonate; may prolong labor). - Use cautiously with head injury and increased

dry mouth, constipation. Tissue irritation and induration (SC injection). sweating,physi cal tolerance and dependence, psychological dependence

-Dilute and administer slowly IV to minimize likelihood of adverse effects. -Tell patient to lie down during IV administration. -Keep opioid antagonist and facilities for assisted or controlled respiration readily available during IV administration. -Use caution when injecting SC or IM into chilled areas or in patients with hypotension or in shock; impaired perfusion may delay absorption; with repeated doses, an excessive amount may be absorbed when circulation is restored. Reassure patients that they are unlikely to become addicted; most patients who receive opioids for medical reasons do not develop dependence syndromes

intracranial pressure; acute asthma, COPD, cor pulmonale, preexisting respiratory depression, hypoxia, hypercapnia (may decrease respiratory drive and increase airway resistance); acute abdominal conditions, CV disease, supraventricular tachycardias, myxedema, seizure disorders, acute alcoholism, delirium tremens, cerebral arteriosclerosis, ulcerative colitis, fever, kyphoscoliosis, Addison's disease, prostatic hypertrophy, urethral stricture, recent GI or GU surgery, toxic psychosis, renal or hepatic dysfunction.

NAME OF DRUG Arcoxia

CLASSIFICATION

DOSAGE/ FREQUENCY/ ROUTE

MECHANISM OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS

SIDE EFFECTS

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES