CHAPTER 1 BASIC COURTESIES

1.1 SPEAKING USING AND RESPONDING TO BASIC COURTESIES

1.1.1 Greetings Language you can use: It is important to know how to respond to greetings. GREETINGS Hello, how are you? How are you? How have you been? Whats new? Whats up? Practice 1. 2. 3. 4. Write a short dialogue for two people greeting each other. Practice your dialogue. Perform your dialogue for your classmates. Your classmates should guess if your dialogue is formal or informal. RESPONSES Fine thanks. What about yourself? Good. And you? Fine. How have you been? Not much. What about you? Nothing. Whats up with you?

Example: A: B: A: Answer: Introduction Language you can use:

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Hey, Aziz. Hows it going? Fine. How about you? Not bad. Informal

Here are some of expressions for introducing yourself and introducing others in formal and informal ways: INTRODUCING YOURSELF Formal Hello. My name is _____________ I dont think weve met. Im ________ ______________________________ Informal Hi. Im ______________ Hi my names _________ ____________________

INTRODUCING OTHERS Formal Id like you to meet ______________ Id like to introduce ___________to you. ________________________________ Practice Practice these conversations. A. Steven : Jose : Steven : Jose : B. Tom Yuki Tom : : : Hi, my names Steven Chua. Whats your name? Im Jamil Ramli. Where are you from? Im from Perlis. Hi, Yuki. How are you? Im fine, and you? Just fine. Oh, Yuki, meet my friend Sheila. Sheila Shelby, this is Yuki Yamamoto. Yuki, this is Sheila.
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Informal This is _______________ This is my friend _______ ____________________

C.

Aziz Erica Aziz Erica Aziz

: : : : :

Hello, my names Aziz Raffi Hi, Im Erica Eastman. Nice party. It sure is. Where are you from? Im from Boston. And you? Im from Malaysia. Hi, Erica. Hows everything? Just fine. Oh, Mike, I want you to meet my friend Sheila. Sheila Shelby, this is Mike Mitchell. Mike, this is Sheila. Nice to meet you, Mike. Nice to meet you too, Sheila.

D.

Mike : Erica : Sheila : Mike :

Suggested activities: Introduce yourself to your partner. Now, together, introduce yourselves to your classmates. 1.2 LISTENING TO BASIC COURTESIES

You will hear five introductions. Before you listen, look at the pictures below. Do you think the introduction will be formal or informal? Write F for formal or I for informal under each picture. 1.2.1 Formal and Informal Introductions Now listen to the introductions. Is the introduction formal or informal? Check your guesses.

Source : Benz, C. & Dworak, K. (2000).

1.2.2 Formal and Informal Dialogues There are four dialogues below. In each dialogue, one person is not speaking appropriately. He or she is speaking too formally or is speaking too informally. Put a check mark in front of the speaker who is not speaking appropriately. AT A PARTY _________________ Malik : _________________ George : _________________ Sal IN THE CLASSROOM ________________ Mr. Macy : ________________ Johan IN THE CAFETERIA ________________ Salleh ________________ Victor ________________ Karen AT HOME ________________ Dave : Patrick, this is my mother, Mrs. Doris Bell. ________________ Patrick : Hey, Doris. Hows it going? ________________ Mrs. Bell : Welcome to our home, Patrick. Work with a partner. 1. 2. 3. 4. Look again at the dialogues above. Discuss the inappropriate remarks. Were they too formal or too informal? Why? Rewrite the dialogues so that they are all appropriate. Practice the dialogues together. : : : Hello, Victor. Id like you to meet a new classmate. This is Karen. Hey, Karen. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you. : Im Mr. John Macy, your grammar teacher. Yo, whats up, Teach? : Hey. George! This is Sal, my sister. It is certainly a pleasure to meet you, Sal. Nice to meet you.

The exercises were adapted from Tapestry Listening & Speaking 1. (2000).

1.3

READING HOW ARE YOU

Read the passage below. Hello. How are you? Good morning. Have you eaten yet? Where are you going? These are greetings which people use in different languages when they meet each other. But what is a greeting? A greeting is a way of being friendly to someone. It is a way of being polite. It is also a way of starting a conversation. In many languages a question is used as a greeting: Where are you going? Hows everything with you? But questions like these are not real questions. They do not require a full answer or even a true one. In English, for example the commonest greeting is a question about a persons health: How are you? But we do not expect the person to tell us about their health when they reply. We do not expect them to talk about their headache or their backache, if they have one. People reply to these questions with a fixed expression such as Im fine, thanks or Im very well, thanks. In the same way, in countries where people greet each other with Where are you going?, a simple reply such as Just walking around is sufficient. It is not necessary to describe where you are actually going. In most languages, a greeting is usually followed by small talk. Small talk means the little things we talk about at the start of a conversation. In English speaking countries people often make small talk about the weather: Nice day isnt it? Terrible weather isnt it? But there is something special about small talk. It must be about something which both people have the same opinion about. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something. This makes meeting people easier and more comfortable. People usually agree about the weather, so it is a safe topic for small talk. But people often disagree about religion or politics so these are not suitable where the conversation is taking place. At football matches, people make small talk about the game they are watching: Great game, isnt it? At bus-stops, people may comment about the transport system: The buses are very slow these days, arent they? 5

10

15

20

25

30

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Greetings and small talk are an important part of conversation in any language. The way people greet each other and the things they talk about, however, may be different from one language to another. This shows that there is much more to learn when we learn a language than just the vocabulary and the grammar of the language. We also have to learn the social behaviour of the people who speak it. Source: Richards, J.C & Long, M.N. (1995). EXERCISE 1.1

A. The following pronouns are from the passage. What do they refer to in the text? 1. they 2. It 3. They 4. It 5. it (line 3) (line 5) (line 9) refers to __________________________ refers to __________________________ refers to __________________________

(line 26) refers to __________________________ (Line 30) refers to __________________________

B. The following sentences are from the passage. Replace the words in italics with words of similar meaning. 1. They do not require a full answer or even a true one. _____________________________ 2. But we do not expect the person to tell us about their health when they reply. ______________________________ 3. a simple reply such as Just walking around is sufficient. ______________________________

4. The purpose of small talk is to let both people agree on something _____________________________ 5. , so it is a safe topic for small talk. _____________________________ C. Answer the questions below. Your answers should be based on the passage. 1. What do people use in different languages when they meet each other? _____________________________________________________ 2. What can be used as a greeting in many languages? _____________________________________________________ 3. What is greeting usually followed by in most languages? _____________________________________________________ 4. What is greeting usually followed by in most languages? _____________________________________________________ 5. When do we use small talk? _____________________________________________________ 6. What is special about small talk? _____________________________________________________ 7. What is the aim of small talk? _____________________________________________________

8. Why is the weather a safe topic for small talk? ____________________________________________________ 9. Why are religious or politics not suitable topics for small talk? ____________________________________________________ 10. Why do we have to learn the social behaviour of the people when we learn their language? ____________________________________________________

Check your answer.

1.4

WRITING GOODWILL MESSAGES

1.4.1 Goodwill Messages Sometimes you think about someone who has perhaps done something special for you, received a promotion, accomplished a goal, or maybe even suffered a loss. Messages written to these people are goodwill messages which might bring some joy to the receiver. (a) Common types of goodwill messages: Thank-you messages Congratulations Invitations Condolences Get-well cards Apologies Special greetings (birthdays, weddings, anniversaries, births and holidays) Goodwill messages can be handwritten, printed or sent electronically. The formality of the message varies with the occasion and with the relationship between the sender and receiver.

(b) Thank-You Note You might write a thank-you note when someone has done something special for you. You want to show your appreciation, so you write a note thanking the person for being so kind. Dear ____________ I was pleased to receive the World Map you thoughtfully sent me. It was an excellent choice and several of my friends have admired it. I shall indeed treasure it always. It is going to be framed for my office and will look nice with the wood panelling. Thank you for your thoughtfulness and best wishes. Sincerely (c) Congratulations A letter of congratulation is usually written to someone who has received a promotion, special honours awarded or has accomplished a goal. Dear _______________ I was pleased to hear that you have been promoted to Sales Manager of DELL Enterprise. Congratulations! DELL Enterprise is certainly fortunate to have such a dynamic and hard-working man I am glad the management at DELL recognizes your abilities. Well miss you here in the marketing department, but everyone is delighted for you. Best wishes for your continued success. Sincerely

(d) Invitations and Replies Occasionally, you may receive invitations to an open house, to special party to honor a distinguished person or a special anniversary or to a social gathering. (e) Invitation Nalini, a college student is planning a dinner party. She is writing invitations to some close friends. Dear ___________ We all have a holiday on the New Year day, so I have decided to have a dinner party. The party will be at my house on January 1, and it will start at 8.00 p.m. A lot of people are going to be away for the weekend, but I hope you and a few other friends will be able to come. Please let me know if you can come. Sincerely (f) Acceptance Dear Nalini What a good idea to have a dinner party on New Year day. I shall be delighted to come over and it would be wonderful to see you again. Ill be there and I have already made plans to play badminton from 6.00 to 7.30 pm on the first January, so Ill be a little late. I hope thats o.k. I am looking forward to seeing you. Lim

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(g)

Refusal Dear Nalini I got your invitation today. I am really sorry I cant come to your party as my parents are going to be out of town. Theres no one to take care of my sisters, so I have to stay home with them. Its too bad as you and I havent seen each other in months. Thanks for inviting and thinking of me. I hope we can get together again soon. Sue

(h) Condolence Dear Shah Please accept my sincere sympathy in the passing of your father last week. I understand the difficult time you are going through. My thoughts are with you and your family in this hour of grief. Your father was one of the kindest men I ever knew. You must miss him very much. Sincerely (i) Get Well Soon Dear Raju I was sorry to hear about your accident. I shudder each time to think of it. Im writing simply to wish you a speedy recovery. As soon as you are back home, please let me know. Perhaps I can come and see you because I want to know how everything happened. Best wishes. Samantha
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Useful Expressions Invitation We cordially invite you You are invited to an open house. It is with great pleasure that I invite you We would be delighted if you could come. Phrases of Acceptance Im happy to accept. Thank you for your invitation. Thats very kind of you. I accept your invitation. Phrases of Decline Unfortunately, I wont be able to come because Thank you for your invitation, but I dont think I can make it. Id like to but I cant. Congratulations and Greetings Congratulations on your promotion to Sales Manager. I am writing to congratulate you on your success. I would like to congratulate you on the occasion of your marriage. Congratulations on the birth of your son. This is to extend to you my heartiest congratulations Condolence and Sympathy I was greatly saddened to learn of Davids death. I was sorry to hear about the accident. Please accept my deepest condolence Please accept my deepest sympathy. Appreciation and Thanks I wish to express my appreciation of your timely advice. Im impressed! I want to tell you how much I appreciate I cant thank you enough

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EXERCISE 1.2 Fill in the blanks with suitable words. I (a) ________________ for the last-minute cancellation of our vacation plans. You had put so much work into arranging the (b)________________. Ive been thinking how to apologize for having to (c)________________ our plans, but I dont find any better words than Im sorry. I (d) _____________ very bad about having to go to Hong Kong on business at the last minute. I (e) _____________ this gift can do a little to make up for the (f) ______________. Can we reschedule the trip we have been talking about.

Check your answer.

EXERCISE 1.3

Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Happy 5th wedding (a) ________________ ! I wish I could be there to (b) _______________ with you. I remember so well the day when you were (c) ______________ , and I hope you have been gathering many (d) ______________ memories of your married (e) _______________. You have had so many wonderful years together and I can only (f) _______________ you more of the same ahead. Wishing you good health and continued happiness. Happy anniversary.

Check your answer.

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EXERCISE 1.4 When do people send greeting card? What messages do they choose? Match the messages below with the occasions. Two messages are missing. What do you think they are? (Some messages can be used more than once).
1. 2. 3. 4. Congratulations Best wishes Happy.. Good Luck a. b. c. d. 5. 6. 7. 8. Seasons greetings Bon Voyage Get well soon With sympathy e. f. g. h. i. j. Hari Raya/ Chinese New Year/ Deepavali someone has got a new job someone is going to take an exam someone has passed an exam someone is getting married 5 6 7 8 any time someone has died a birthday/ anniversary/ new year/Hari Raya Answer 1 2 3 4

Check your answer.

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EXERCISE 1.5 You have received a gift from a friend recently. Write a thank-you note to express your appreciation. Check your answer.

EXERCISE 1.6 You have received a dinner invitation on Saturday, 17th. Either accept or reject it. Check your answer.

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CHAPTER 2 INSTRUCTIONS
2.1 SPEAKINGGIVING AND RESPONDING INSTRUCTIONS/DIRECTIONS TO

2.1.1 Giving Directions Language you can use: go straight go past the high school continue 2 miles turn left make a left at the gas station take a left past the mosque turn right make a right at the first light take a right past the supermarket go south on the North-South Highway take the Air Hitam exit.

When you give directions, you often use prepositions of direction. The words below are prepositions of direction. You can use them to give direction.

Preposition of direction
near across from next to / beside / adjacent to in front of behind close to

__________________________________________________ There is a post office near the apartments. We have a park across from our apartment building. The fruit stand is next to / beside / adjacent to the radio station. The bus is in front of the school. There is a water tower behind the post office. The burger place is close to the school.
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Examples

around the corner from between How to ask for directions. Examples:

Around the corner from the radio station is the church. The Fire station is between Seven Eleven and Cozy Corner.

Excuse me, can you please tell me how to get to the Language Arts building? Pardon me, where is the Administration building? Hello, do you know how to get to the pool from here? Sorry, can you tell me where the Music building is, please? Suggested activities Use the map below and practice giving directions with a partner. Ask your partner for directions to any five places.

Source: Singapore Tourism Board 2002.

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2.1.2

Giving Instructions

Language you can use: Signposts firstly secondly next then after that subsequently finally

When you describe a process, you often use signposts in your instructions. How to give instructions. Example: How to brew some tea. To brew some tea, we need hot water. Firstly, fill the kettle with water. Then, switch the kettle on. Leave the water to boil. Next, pour the water into a mug. After that, put a sachet of tea into the mug and add in some sugar. Then stir. Finally, tea is ready to be served. Suggested activities A. Using the notes below, describe the process of how to operate a fax machine to your friend who has never used a fax machine before. Firstly, make sure the fax machine is connected to the power supply and switched on. Secondly, ..

document face down dial fax tone

feeder tray send button

fax transmission confirmation

B.

Describe to your partner how to cook your favorite dish.

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2.2

WRITING SIMPLE INSTRUCTIONS/DIRECTIONS

2.2.1 Directions Vocabulary Turn left into Walk ahead Keep walking Cycle along Drive along Go straight along Go straight on At the end of junction T-junction crossroad bridge level crossing roundabout exit Opposite Go across Follow this road In front of On your right/left Further down the road The first junction Until you come to

Link words First After Finally/lastly Next After this/that Then Before

2.2.2 Functional Language Asking about location Excuse me. Is there a car park near here? Yes. Theres one in Duke Street. Asking for directions Excuse me. How do I get to Bridge Street? Could you tell me the way to Bridge Street?

Giving directions Go straight ahead. Turn right/left. Its the third on the right.
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Go along this road/across the bridge/past the bank. Giving instructions Turn left here. Dont walk across the road. EXERCISE 2.1

Somebody asks you the way to some of the places as shown below. Look at the pictures and write sentences beginning with Go

Source : Murphy, R. (1998). Example: Go past the church. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Go the bridge. the hill. the steps. this street.

Check your answer.

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EXERCISE 2.2

Look at the map and complete the conversation below.

Source: Hopkins, A., Vivier, M. & Potter, J. (1993). A B A B : : : : Is there a library near here? Yes, theres one in the town center. Could you _______________________? Go along this road, turn _____________________ and go straight ________. Its near _______________________ ______________. A : How far is it? on the

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B A B

: :

Its about _________________. Can I go by bus?

: Yes, the number ______________________.

Check your answer.

EXERCISE 2.3

Based on the map given below, complete the conversation.

Source: Hopkins, A., Vivier, M. & Potter, J. (1993). A B A : : : Is there a post office Yes, theres Could ? . ?

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A B A B

: : : :

How

Can

Check your answer.

EXERCISE 2.4

Look at this map and write a letter to Suzana, giving her directions to your house from the station.

NB : X is your house Source: Hopkins, A., Vivier, M. & Potter, J. (1993).

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12 Jalan Ros Ipoh Road Kuala Lumpur 12 November 2003 Dear Suzana, Thanks for your phone call last night. Im really happy that you can come to dinner on Saturday. Here are the directions to my house. Turn ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________

Check your answer. 2.2.3 Instruction A set of instructions usually consists of a number of steps, which the reader must follow in the right order if he is to succeed in his task. It is therefore important that the steps which he must follow are written in the right order. Look at this example of a simple set of instructions: An experiment to show that water expands when frozen. First, fill half the jar with water. Then mark the water level on the outside of the jar. After that put the jar in a freezer until the water freezes. Take the jar out of the freezer when the water is frozen. Observe the new water level. The level of the frozen water is higher.
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How to give instructions 1. Write the instructions in the precise order. The order is based on one step following another. This type of order is known as CHRONOLOGICAL order. Every step is important. None of them can be left out. Nothing is included which is not important, and nothing important has been forgotten. You use imperative sentence to do this. Example: A. Fill half the jar with water. B. Mark the water level outside the jar. 4. You use the base form of the verb when you write imperative sentences. Example A. Take the jar out of the freezer B. Observe the new water level. 5. It is understood that the subject of these sentences is you. Example (You) fill half the jar with water. (You) mark the water level outside the jar. Example: (a) Changing a flat tyre

2.

3.

Get the tools and the spare tyre out of the car boot. Remove the hubcap. Loosen all the wheel nuts. Place the jack under the car in the correct position. Raise the car high enough to put on the spare tyre. Remove the wheel nuts and take off the punctured tyre. Put on the new tyre. Put the wheel nuts back on and tighten them by hand. Lower the car and take away the jack. Tighten the wheel nuts. Put the hubcap back on. (b) Washing up

Turn on the taps and fill the sink with water. Add some washingup liquid and then take a dirty plate and put it in the water. Clean the
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plate with a brush and then take it out of the water. Put it on the side to drain and then dry it with a cloth. EXERCISE 2.5

Read the following texts. Identify the context. Who is it addressed to? A.
Mix one teaspoon of cocoa with one teaspoon of sugar, add a little cold milk and mix to a smooth paste. Pour on boiling water, stirring all the time.

B.
Put the cooked peas, oil lemon juice and garlic into the blender with enough water to allow the mixture to puree satisfactorily. Add salt to taste and more lemon juice as necessary.

C.
Sit down, shut up and get on with your work. And do try to act your age: this isnt a kindergarten.

D.
Wet the hair and apply a small amount of the shampoo. Gently work to a lather. Rinse. Repeat as necessary.

Check your answer.

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EXERCISE 2.6

How To Use a Copying Machine

1.

find cost - money -ready

2.

turn on - machine

3.

find cost - money -ready

4.

lift - cover

5.

book - face

6.

money slot press start

7.

turn off machine

8.

remove book

Source: Huizenga, J., Snellings, C.M. &. Francis, G. R. (1990).

Check your answer.

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EXERCISE 2.7

Write a set of instructions, numbering them step by step for one of these activities. A. Using a cassette player B. Cooking rice (using rice cooker) Check your answer.

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CHAPTER 3 SUASION - GETTING THINGS DONE

3.1 SPEAKING REQUEST FOR HELP/ASSISTANCE, OFFERING FOR HELP/ASSISTANCE, ASK AND GRANT PERMISSION/INVITATIONS

3.1.1 Requests and Offers 1. Requesting help/assistance Language you can use: Help! I could use some help with this. Help me! Could you give me a hand? Got a minute? Would you mind helping me a Can you give me some help minute? with this? Could you open the door for me? 2. Offering help/assistance Language you can use: Can I help you? Need some help? Can I give you a hand? Need a hand? Let me help you with that. Ill help you with that. Could you use some help? Can I be of assistance? Is there anything you need help with? If you need help with anything, please let me know.

Practice Practice these dialogues. A. A man is looking for something in a department store. He is approached by an assistant.

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Assistant : Man : Assistant : Man : Assistant : Man : B.

Can I help you, Sir? Is there anything in particular that youre looking for? No, thank you. Im just looking. O.K. Take your time. If you need help, let me know. (later) Excuse me, can you help me with something? Yes, Sir. What is it youre looking for? Im interested in this gold pen and pencil set.

A man and woman watch a boy fixing a flat tyre on a car. Woman Man Boy Woman Man Boy Man : : : : : : : That boy looks like he can use some help with that tyre. Oh, hes doing O.K. (after they walk past) Help me! Somebody help me! Look, Johan, the car fell on that boys foot! Yeah. Id better help him Here, son, let me help you with that. Does your foot hurt? Yeah Its on my toes Please try and hurry O.K. O.K. Take it easy. Stay calm.

Suggested activities: 1. 2. 3. 3. You are bending over to pick up a handkerchief you dropped. Your back goes out of joint. You cant stand up. A factory worker is trying to move a large, heavy box. She is having a hard time. She asks a fellow worker to help. You see a young man looking at a map of the city where you live. He seems lost. You offer to help. Asking for a favor

Language you can use: Do something for me, will you? Take care of this for me, please. Can you do me a favor? Do me a favor, will you? May I ask you for a favor? Would you mind doing me a favor? Can you take care of this for me? Would you mind writing this letter for me?

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4. Offering a favor Language you can use: Here, let me read that for you. Ill do that for you. Ill take care of it for you. Shall I call him for you? Is there anything I can do for you? Let me know if theres anything I can do for you.

Practice Practice these dialogues. A. Two friends are talking at home. Samy Chua Samy Chua Samy B. : : : : : by the way, Chua, can you do me a favor? Sure. What is it? I have to call the travel agency about Jims flight to Las Vegas. I dont think I have time. Would you mind? No, not at all. What agency is it? Thanks. Its Tour-All Travel.

A man and a woman are working in an office. Man : I cant believe it. I was sick one day, and I come back to all these papers on my desk. Yeah, it looks pretty bad. Is there anything I can do? Can I ask you for a small favor? I have to proofread these reports by noon, and I dont think Ill get them all done O.K. Let me have a couple. Ill do them for you. Oh, and do one other thing for me, will you? O.K. Could you drop this off at Maliks office? If I do, hell want to talk as usual, and I dont have time today. Oh, yeah, I know what hes like. Sure, Ill drop it off.

Woman : Man Woman Man Woman Man : : : : :

Woman :

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Suggested activities: What would you do in the following situations? 1. 2. 3. 5. You are at the library with a friend and want to take out a book. You have forgotten your library card. You are driving home from work in the rain and you see a colleague walking without an umbrella. Your mother has a bad headache, but has to go shopping for food or dinner. You offer to go for her. Offering

Language you can use: Here, have a seat. Here, take some sugar. Please have a piece of candy. Can I get you some coffee? Would you like to use my pen? Do you want me to help you? Would you like me to type that letter for you? Here, let me open that. Ill do that, if you want me to. How about another piece of pie? How would you like me to bring you back a sandwich?

6.

Accepting

Language you can use: Yes. Thank you. Please. 7. Declining Would you mind? If its no trouble for you. Thats very kind of you.

Language you can use: No, thank you. Thats not necessary. Thats O.K. Thanks, but its O.K. Thanks but no thanks.

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Practice Practice these dialogues: A. Suhaila May Suhaila May Suhaila May Suhaila B. May is visiting her friend, Suhailas house. : : : : : : : Hi, May. Come in. Here, let me take your coat. Thanks, Suhaila. Is Sue back from school yet? Not yet, but she should be soon. Can I get some coffee? No, thanks. Ive given up coffee. It makes me too nervous. Yeah. Same with me. How about some herbal tea? That sounds fine. Thank you. O.K. Ill be back in just a minute. Sit down.

A woman and her teenage son are walking home from a store. Zafri, look at that poor old man carrying that heavy package. Why dont you go over and offer to help him? He looks like hes doing O.K. Go on, offer to carry it for him. Be nice to old people. Oh, all rightExcuse me, Mister. Would you like me to help you with that? Why, thank you, son. Its getting pretty heavy for me.

Woman : Boy : Woman : Boy : Old man :

Suggested activities: What would you do if you were in the following situations? 1. 2. 3. 4. You are at a friends house talking about your vacation plans. Youre getting thirsty. A friend is visiting, and youre going to put a record on the stereo. You want to know if he has any particular requests. You are at an elderly aunts house. She is trying to read the newspaper, but the print is too small for her. Two people are walking their dogs. One has to use the rest room.

3.1.2 Asking and Giving Permission 1. Asking for permission

Language you can use: Can I close the window? Is it O.K. if I use your computer? Please let me have the car Would you mind if I went with her? tonight. Permit me to borrow your pen a
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May I close the window? Do you mind if I smoke? 2. Giving permission

minute. May I have your permission to marry your daughter?

Language you can use: Sure, go ahead. Its O.K. with me. Fine with me. No, I dont mind. 3. Denying permission Why not? You have my permission. I wont stop you.

Language you can use: No, you may not. You cannot. Yes, I do mind. I dont think so. Practice A. Boy A boy is asking his mother for permission to go to the movies. : Mom, can I go to the movies with Fahmi and the guys tonight? No, you may not. Youve been to two movies this week. Please. Mom. Please let me go. Tonights the last night Ill do anything you want me to. Will you clean the garage this afternoon before you go? Uhmmm O.K. How about half today and half tomorrow? O.K. Its a deal. You can go. You do not have my permission. I will not permit you. I absolutely forbid you.

Mother : Boy : Mother : Boy : Mother : B.

Two strangers are sitting next to each other on a bus. Excuse me, but Im little warm. Is it O.K. if I open the window? Fine with me. Im a little warm also. Thanks. Ah, thats better.

Stranger 1: Stranger 2: Stranger 3:

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Suggested activities: How might the following situations be handled? 1. 2. 3. You are at a friends house. The window beside you is open and you feel cold. A student has to type a paper for class the next day, but his computer is broken. His roommates is in good condition. Youre at work, and you want to ask your boss if you can have tomorrow off.

3.1.3 Invitations There are certain remarks that lead to an invitation. e.g. a. What are you doing next Saturday? b. Are you doing anything next Friday afternoon ?

Look at the exchange below. A: B: A: 1. What are you doing next Saturday ? Oh, I should be quite free, I suppose. Would you like to go with me to a play at the Experimental Theatre ?

Making invitations

When you invite to do something with you, some useful expressions you can use are :How about a drink ? going to afternoon ? Do you want the cinema tomorrow

something for breakfast ? to go to the library ?

Would you like

something for dinner ? a drink ?

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Wouldnt you like to How would you like to I was wondering youd care to I would be delighted It would be a great pleasure 2. Accepting invitations

go out for a meal ? come to my house for the holidays. go shopping with me tomorrow ?

if you join me fore a meal tonight. if you could have dinner with me.

Thank you for your invitation. Ill be glad to come. Thank you. Ill be happy to come. Thats very kind of you. That would be nice. Id love to go with you. I accept your invitation. That sounds lovely. Im looking forward to it. 3. Declining invitations

Expressions such as I am sorry or Im afraid will be useful in this case. Some explanations for your refusal are often needed. Id love to but I cant. Thank you for your invitation, but I dont think I can make it. Its nice of you to ask but honestly, I really cant. Im sorry, Im afraid I cant. Im sorry, but Ive already arranged to go somewhere. Unfortunately, Ive got to go somewhere on Saturday. I wont be able to, Im afraid.

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CHAPTER 4 REGULAR SCHEDULE

4.1 REGULAR SCHEDULE Language you can use: When we talk about our regular schedule, we often use these time expressions: EXPRESSIONS On Tuesdays and Thursdays Every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday In the morning (afternoon, evening) During the week On the weekends On Saturdays Suggested activities: i. Work with a partner. Use the new expressions to talk about student schedules. Ghazalis Schedule
SU N M O R N I N G A F T E R N O O N E V E N I N G MON TUES WED THUR FR I SAT

EXAMPLE

________

On Tuesdays and Thursdays, I go to the gym. Every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, I have classes. In the morning. I do housework. I work at the store in the afternoon. I go to school during the week. On the weekends, I hang out with friend. I go to the movies on Saturdays.

Read the newspaper

work

work

work

work

work

sleep in late

relax

class

class

class

class

study

play soccer

study

study

work out at the gym

study

work out at the gym

relax

go to the m ovies

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Sarahs Schedule
SU N M O R N I N G A F T E R N O O N E V E N I N G MON TU E S W ED TH U R FR I SAT

study

work

work

work

work

work

study

study

class

class

class

class

class

study

W atch TV

class

class

class

class

go out with friends

stay hom e

ii.

Work with a partner. Tell each other about your schedules.

The schedules were adapted from Tapestry Listening & Speaking 1. (2000). 4.2 LISTENING - TALKING ABOUT SCHEDULES

Circle the correct answers while you listen. 1. Khaled is a. b. 2. busy. not busy.

Khaled works a. b. every weekdays. on Tuesday and Thursday.

3.

Marina is on campus a. b. Tuesday and Thursday mornings. Tuesday and Thursday afternoons.

4.

Khaled and Marina will meet a. b. on Friday at noon. on Friday in the afternoon.
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Discuss these questions with a classmate from another culture: 1. 2. 3. 4.3 In your native culture, can a man and woman be friends? When you make plans for coffee with someone of the opposite sex, is it a romantic date or a friendly appointment? In the dialogue, did Khaled and Marina make an appointment or a romantic date? Why do you think this is so? READING What time of the day do you like best? Anna Cruz I have five children. The house is always busy when theyre awake. Thats why I try to get up before everyone else. I get up at dawn. The house is quiet. I drink a cup of coffee and read a newspaper. I love that time because its mine and I can think without interruptions. Kyung Mi Moon Im a night person. I love the night. I feel sleepy all day and then at night-I wake up! I like to go out dancing or see movies or talk to friends. I never go to sleep before 2 a.m. Sandra Wu Im a morning person. As soon as a little light comes through the window, I wake up. I never stay in bed. I love to start the day. I try to do important work in the morning because I know that I think best at that time. By 1.00, I begin to slow down! Jamal Shirazi I like the time around dusk. I try to watch the sunset every day. It gives me a feeling that the day is complete. Its a time for me to think about the day, think about people, and think about life. Jane Reed I love tea time. I have tea every afternoon - late afternoon. Its a time to stop the days activity for an hour, and talk with friends and family.
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Sometimes, people visit my home then. Sometimes, I go to a friends house for tea. Kimio Takano I love it when I stop working! If its 6.00, thats my favorite time. If its 7.00, thats my favorite time. If its 10.00, thats my favorite time! EXERCISE 4.1

A.

Check ( / ) the correct box or boxes. SANDRA KYUNG MI JAMAL KIMIO ANNA JANE

1. 2. 3. 4.

These two people are morning people. These people think best in the morning. This person always go to bed late. The favorite time of these people is with friends and / or family. This person uses her favorite time to work. This person uses his favorite time to think about life.

5. 6.

Source: Lebauer, R.S. (2001). Check your answer.

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