RELIABLE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE FOR SENSITIVE ENVIRONMENT

Balamurali.K,
Asst.Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shree Sathyam College of Engineering and Tech Salem, India kbalamurali1983@gmail.com

Kiruthika.S
Asst.Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamilnadu College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India srini.kiruthi@gmail

Abstract: In wireless network it is difficult to provide reliability, especially in sensitive environment where interference and intermittent delay in transmission of packets are highly risky. This paper describes an architecture which ensures reliable data and voice communication in a hospital environment. The main requirement is there should not be any interference between radio frequency of the voice with that of a medical equipment. This uses limited power for the transmission of packets and cost effective since it uses traditional PBX instead of IP telephony systems. The topology of this architecture does not require any special equipment. Keywords: Interferences, Pbx, Power, Adhoc network, sensitive environment, data communication.

INTRODUCTION
Wireless data and voice communication can be carried out through various methods. The important requirement over wireless network is the transmission of packets over the network without any loss in the packet. This paper describes the architecture for reduced interference communication over Wi-Fi band. The following factors were taken into consideration since it affects the communication in a sensitive environment especially communication[5] in sensitive environment. The new architectural solution provides an increased reliability of the communication within an organization. In typical wireless ad hoc networks[1], reliability and scalability are always inversely coupled. In other words, it becomes more difficult to build a reliable ad hoc network as the number of nodes increases. This is due to the network overhead that comes with the increased size of the network. In ad hoc networks, the network is formed without any predetermined topology or shape. Therefore, any node wishing to communicate with other nodes should generate more packets than its data packets. These extra packets are generally called "control packets" or "network overhead." Route discovery packets and route response packets in typical ad hoc network routing protocols[6] are a few examples of the overhead. As the size of the network grows, more control packets will be needed to

find and keep the routing paths. In typical ad hoc networks, the overhead increases exponentially as the network size grows. In a small network, the amount of control packets is almost negligible. But when the network size starts increasing, the overhead increases rapidly. Since the available overall bandwidth is limited, the increase of overhead results in the decrease of usable bandwidth for data transmission. As the network size grows further, there will be very small amount of bandwidth left for application data transmission. This characteristic of ad hoc networks imposes an interesting question on the reliability of the network. Since an ad hoc network is designed to automatically adapt itself to a changing environment or interference, it will issue more control packets when it faces environmental dynamics.

1.1 SENSITIVE ENVIRONMENT

With the integration of wireless communication technology into hospital infrastructures across the nation, many hospitals are concerned about the impact of radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic interference (EMI) between wireless technologies and medical equipment. Such interference may cause undesirable effects to medical equipment, possibly, resulting in misdiagnosis, mistreatment, and/or patient injury. These wireless communication devices include wireless LAN, Bluetooth, telecommunications, paging, two-way radios, telemetry devices, older equipment

may have inadequate shielding and, therefore, be more susceptible to interference. Because of reliable wireless voice and data communication[8] gives hospital workers immediate access to each other and to their patients, the benefits of the technology translate into improved patient care. The time lag and unreliable communication is eliminated by this solution, so doctors can immediately give potentially lifesaving instructions. These benefits are especially critical in the emergency rooms or trauma center, where every seconds delay in communication can have life threatening consequences. This voice over wireless architecture paves a way to provide real time communication for health care where cellular communication prohibited due to high sensitivity.

1.2 Factors affecting Reliability 1.2.1 Interference

In communications and electronics, especially in telecommunications, interference is anything which alters, modifies, or disrupts a signal as it travels along a channel between a source and a receiver. The term typically refers to the addition of unwanted signals[3] to a useful signal. Common examples are: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) Co-channel interference (CCI), also known as crosstalk Adjacent-channel interference (ACI) Intersymbol interference (ISI)

1.2.2 Delay
Real time voice and data transmission is delay sensitive. So by reducing the no of hop counts and encouraging the node to node direct communication we can avoid the delay. Delay caused due to distance between nodes and no of hops.thi architecture will reduce both.

I.

PROBLEM FORMULATION

The architecture provides node to node communication so that reliability can be easily achieved. Wireless ad-hoc networks are used to provide connectivity to devices in the environments where engineered network infrastructures dont exist or are expensive to deploy. The proliferation of wireless-enabled mobile computing and consumer electronic devices will also increase node density of 802.11 WLAN type ad-hoc networks. To overcome the factors affecting the reliability of data transmission for sensitive environment, let as assumed that all the wireless nodes are static and separated by equal distance for supporting frequency reuse as well as spatial reuse. So that one nodes interference cannot affect other nodes interference. The data transmission can be carried out by controlling the transmitting power of a node. Controlling of transmitting power and identification of location of a node can be found using SNR of a node. By varying the transmission power of a node will lead energy efficient too and also wont cause any interference to any other electronic devices present in the environment. In this work it is assumed that all nodes are separated by uniform distance and each nodes neighbor also known to all nodes so that the initial transmission power will be small so it wont affect other devices especially in hospital environment. Any node decides its final power based only on local information from its 2-hop neighborhood. To be distributed and localized are important characteristics of an algorithm in ad hoc wireless networks, since it adapts better to a dynamic and scalable architecture. Since real time voice and data traffic is delaysensitive, network impairments like delay, jitter and packet loss can adversely affect the quality of the application. A high quality converged network must be designed and configured with end to end user to ensure voice quality. The challenge for implementing wireless voice application in critical environments is even higher when compare to normal environment.

In a wireless network, providing reliability is a difficult task. Especially in a sensitive environment providing reliable communication is a challenging task. There are various factors that affecting the reliability of wireless voice communication. One of the factors is interferences. In this paper, the proposing architectural solution is reduced the interference in wireless communication within sensitive environment. This can be achieved by implementing wireless network architecture within the environment. Before implementing the architecture we have to study about the factors that causing the wireless communication and how it affects other devices present in that environment or affected by the other electronic devices.

Figure 2. 2-hop neighborhood set of i Figure 8 Voice communication Architecture Each node i computes and , the transmission powers needed to reach the furthest and the closest neighbor in N(i), corresponding to G. The final power selected by node i is a value between and . The goal of this algorithm is to find a minimum transmission power for node i, in [ , ], such that all the nodes in N(i) are fully covered by node i. The ITCC algorithm adopts an iterative process where each node gradually increases its power (initially ). Assume that each node i has the distance and location information for its 1-hop neighborhood N(i), information usually available after running the traditional topology control algorithm. Each node i maintains its current power estimate, pi and the pj value for each node jN(i). When a node decides its final power value, it sets fi to 1. Each node i maintain a variable fi which is initially set to 0, meaning that this node has not yet decided its final power level. The algorithm executes in atmost |N(i)| rounds (or iterations). In each round, power level pi is minimally incremented with pi such that at least one node in N(i)N(i) is added to N(i). pi can easily be computed since node i maintains the distance and location information for all nodes in N(i). All broadcast messages sent to advertise new power level updates with . The idea is to set a power level by computing gain using - ( + ). The algorithm given below could help to balance power consumption.

1.1 Solution Topology

Figure 1 proposed the network topology that extends wireless voice indoor communication with high quality voice and data capability. This topology also shows the traditional PBX at offices, to give IP telephony without forcing an expensive forklift replacement. This architecture provides an energy efficient as well as reliable low power transmission. This includes power awareness or power measurement of each wireless node and reduces the transmission power according to the distance and energy of a node. So many techniques were available for power management like nodes to alternate between active and sleep state to avoid energy wastage and adjusting transmission range by adjusting the transmission power so that it does not affect any other device in the sensitive environment. To achieve this architecture adopts incremental topology control using cooperative communication algorithm. The Incremental Topology Control using Cooperative Communication (ITCC) algorithm is based on 1hop neighborhood information. Each node, starting from a minimum power, iteratively increases its transmission power until all the nodes in its 1-hop neighborhood are fully 3.1 Algorithm: covered. 1: 2: 0 II. BASIC IDEA 3: Broadcast ( , ) ITCC algorithm starts from asymmetric, connected topology 4: while = 0 do G. 5: compute 'pi, the minimum incremental power needed to cover at least one neighbor in N(i) N(i) 6: start timer t 7: if broadcast message received from j before t expires then 8: update N(i), pi 9: if N(i) = N(i) then

10: 1 11: Broadcast ( , ) 12: return 13: end if 14: end if 15: if timer t expires then + 16: 17: update N(i) 18: if N(i) = N(i) then 19: 1 20: end if 21: Broadcast ( , ) 22: end if 23: end while The above algorithm is adopted for in this solution and simulation was carried out using NS2.

Figure 4. Data transfer between gateways to extension node Figure 4 shows the data transformation between Gateways to internal extension nodes.

3.2 Advantages:
x x x x Wired connections can be broken by fires and backhoes By adopting this architecture can reduce the power and energy efficiency of a wireless node Cost effective ,no need to spend more for devices and its installations This redundant mesh architecture works together to create communications networks that are extremely difficult to disrupt whether deliberately or by accident.

III.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

Figure 5.Data transfer between nodes to node

NS-2.34 network simulator is used for simulations.

Figure 5 shows the simulation of node to node communication so that the base station calls can be reduced. These simulation results for proof of concept only. Real time implementation is in design phase.

Figure 3. Simulation setup for proposed architecture Figure 3 shows the simulation setup for proposed solution using NS2.34 Network simulator with 2.4 GHz wireless band.

REFERENCES
[1] Spatial Reuse in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks,Xingang Guo*, Sumit Roy, W. Steven Conner IEEE 2003. [2] Topology Control in Ad hoc Wireless Networks using Cooperative Communication Mihaela Cardei , Jie Wu, and Shuhui Yang [3] ProCurve Networking by HP Voice over Wireless LAN Solution Brief-technical paper Figure 6.Data transfer between nodes [4]Improving Spatial Reuse through Tuning Transmit Power,Carrier Sense Threshold, and Data Rate in Multihop Wireless Networks TaeSuk KimHyuk Lim,Jennifer C. Hou ACM 2006 [5]Wireless Ad Hoc VoIP, Patrick Stuedi and Gustavo Alonso [6]Position Based Routing Protocol with More Reliability in Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Mahboobeh Abdoos, Karim Faez, and Masoud Sabaei, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 49 2009. [7]Tutorial on wireless Ad hoc networks,David Remondo. [8]Power Aware Routing in wireless packet networks,Javier Gomez,Andrew T.campbell,Mahmoud Neighshineh, Chatschik Bisdikia,IEEE 1999
.

IV.

CONCLUSION

This paper addressed the effective communication architecture for sensitive environment by adopting the algorithm for low power level setup for each node, so that transmission power can be vary according to the need. This architecture ensures reduced interference and encourages direct communication between nodes without that of a base station. It also ensures that the data transmitted from the source reaches the destination without any loss or interference.