Comparison of English and Macedonian articles

Articles In English language

Articles are modifiers that appear before nouns or noun phrases. They are used to clarify the meaning of the nouns in the sentences. Ex. A big yellow truck. Or the truck It is difficult for non-native speakers and learners of English as a second language to use articles properly because often they dont have the concept of articles in their language. In the English language there are two types of articles: definite and indefinite. Definite article In English language the definite article is the. The definite article is used for particular nouns, for something that the speaker had already mentioned or for something unique or specified. Ex. The apple you ate was tasty. Did you close the window? She has got two pets: a dog and a cat. The cat is black. The sun, the world, the earth The definite article is also used in front of proper nouns usually geographical points of the globe ( the south pole, the equator), for when we talk about rivers oceans seas ( the Vardar, the Mediteran) . The is used for a particular thing or a person that is mentioned is the best, the most famous ( Club ICE is the place to have fun. ) It is important to know that the doesnt mean all: The cars are cheap. (Not all the cars are cheap)

the is also used for nouns referring to entertainment ( cinema , opera, pictures) , for a musical instruments ( the piano, the violin)

Indefinite Article Indefinite articles show that the noun that follows in not a particular one, in can be something that is mentioned for the first time or its identity may be hypothetical or irrelevant. The speaker can use the indefinite articles to make general statement about something. In English we use a and an to show indefiniteness of nouns. Their origin is from the old English form of the number one, which is the primary indefinite article. Rules for using indefinite articles The form an is preceding words that begin with vowel sound ( an elephant, an orange an umbrella ) or with initial consonant like in ( an hour ) . A is used before nouns that begin with consonant sound ( a house, a dog , a table ) even if its spelt with a vowel like in ( a European ). It is also used with nouns beginning with pronounced h in an unstressed first syllable such as (hallucination, historical). The word some is used as a functional plural a and an. Ex. An apple cannot mean more than one apple, that is why for plural we use some Ex. The are some apples on the table. Some also is used in singular like in (There is some person on the street.) Before uncountable nouns when it is qualified by an adjective ( A strong person ).

Zero article

Zero article in fact is the absence of an article before a noun. The zero article is used rather that the indefinite with plurals and mass nouns. - Before singular countable nouns when we want to address someone ( What is the with you, bartender?) - Before plural countable noun when the refer to a class or a whole ( Mice are small animals ) -When the noun denotes number of indefinite examples ( Students often go to parties. ) - With some nouns considers to be uncountable ( advice, information , luggage) -Before abstract uncountable noun ( love, beauty, truth) -Uncountable nouns such as ( milk, honey )

Articles in Macedonian language

The articles in the Macedonian language is a word who stands next to the noun or another word , and changes the noun to point out the type of that noun. The article in Macedonian language is not expressed by premodifiers like in English, but it is expressed by suffixes. Also like in English Macedonian language has definite and zero article, but doesnt have indefinite article. The definite article In Macedonian language, is used with singular and plural nouns which refer to a specific member of a group. The definite article has three forms , also number and genre. -The article ( suffix ) ( -ov ) , - (-va), - (-vo) is used for pointing out objects close to the speaker . Ex. ( knigava ). - The article ( suffix) (-on), - (-na) ,- (-no) is used for showing objects that are not so close to the speaker, but he can still see them. (Knigana ) -The article ( suffix ) (- ot), - (-ta), - (to) is used for objects that are closer to the listener. ( knigata)
(maski ednina) (opredelenost) (blisku) (daleku) - (-on) - (-ne) - (-na) - (-ne) - (- no) - (-na) - (-ov) - (-ve) - (-va) - (-ve) - (-vo) - (-va) - ( -ot) rod (maski mozina) - (-te) rod (Zenski ednina) - (-ta) rod (zenski mnozina) - (-te) rod (sreden ednina) - (-to) rod (sreden mnozina) - (-ta) rod

Like I previously mentioned there is no indefinite article in Macedonian language. Zero article is absence of an article same as in English. ( . ) , ( Toj e iskusen covek. )

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