Big Bang 2012 Elimination Round February 25, 2012

General Instructions: a. Use only black or blue pen. Pencils are not allowed b. Write your complete name, unabbreviated name of your school and team number in the answer sheet. c. Dont write anything on the questionnaire (including the back part). d. No cheating. Anyone caught cheating will disqualify him/her and his/her teammates. Multiple Choice. (1point each) Instruction: For the multiple choice questions, choose the correct answer. Shade the letter corresponding to your answer in the answer sheet. If you want to change your answer, cross out your previous answer by marking an X on it and shade the letter of your new answer. 1. The apparent magnitude is a measure of the relative brightness of a celestial object as observed on earth. Which of the following statement is true? a. The smaller the apparent magnitude, the brighter. b. The larger the apparent magnitude, the brighter. c. The apparent magnitude cannot be negative. d. The apparent magnitude cannot be a fraction. 2. What star tells us where the north is? a. b. c. d. Polaris Sirius Procyon Aldebaran 4. Which theory of lunar formation is more widely accepted? a. Large material separated from the protoearth and formed the Moon. b. The Moon formed elsewhere in the Solar System and only later became bound to Earth. c. The Earth and the Moon condensed from the cloud of gas that formed the solar system. d. A Mars-sized object hit the proto-earth tangentially, forming the Moon. 5. Which statement best describes the Moon's Atmosphere? a. It does not exist. b. It exists. Elements are in great quantities. c. People die on the surface of the moon in minutes because it does not exist. d. It exists but is very thin. 6. Which constellation was not part of Argo Navis? a. Carina b. Puppis c. Vela 1

3. How many people have walked on the surface of the Moon? a. b. c. d. 12 11 21 22

d. Pyxis 7. The Moon's Marias (dark plains) have been the result of a. b. c. d. Asteroid impacts Solidified lava Both a and b None of the above

a.

For each orbit in Earth, the Moon revolves twice on its orbit. b. For each orbit in Earth, the Moon revolves once on its orbit. c. For each orbit in Earth, the Moon rotates twice on its orbit. d. For each orbit in Earth, the Moon rotates once on its axis. 12. When do quadratures occur?

8. Where is the barycenter (center of mass) of the Earth-Moon system located? a. Due to the Earth's larger mass, the barycenter is located inside the Earth. b. Due to the Earth's larger mass, the barycenter is located in space between the two bodies. c. Due to the Earth's larger mass, the barycenter is located inside the Moon. d. Due to the Earth's larger mass, the barycenter is located in space but nearest to the Earth. 9. Which of the following are the reason/s why eclipses dont happen every month? a. The Moon's path is tilted by 5 degrees relative to the ecliptic or the apparent path of the Sun. b. Eclipses only happen when the lunar path and the ecliptic intersects. c. All of the above. d. None of the above. 10. When is the Moon in its farthest approach to the Earth? a. b. c. d. Perigee Penumbra Apogee Antumbra

a.

It happens during the first and the last quarter. b. It happens during the full moon and the new moon. c. It happens during the waning and the waxing crescent. d. It happens during the syzygy. 13. Which statement best describes the terminator? a. It is the dark side of the moon. b. It is the light side of the moon. c. It separates the dark and the light side of the moon. d. It encompasses the dark and the light side of the moon. 14. Describe the albedo of the Moon. a. Its dark plains (maria) has 11% reflectivity. b. Its bright plains (highlands) have 11% reflectivity. c. It has a total albedo of 11%. d. It has the same albedo as the Earth which is 11%. 15. The Moon has an unequal radius. Which side is thicker? a. Near Side, because of gravitational attraction of the Earth. b. Near Side, because of the presence of more Maria or dark plains which is caused by solidified lava. 2

11. Why do we always see the same face of the Moon from the Earth?

c.

Far Side, because of the gravitational attraction of the Earth. d. Far Side, because of more residues from meteorite and asteroid impacts. 16. What might happen if the Earth did not have a moon? a. Shorter days due to less tidal coupling and gravitational locking. b. Shorter days due to more tidal coupling and gravitational locking. c. Longer days due to less tidal coupling and gravitational locking. d. Longer days due to more tidal coupling and gravitational locking. 17. It is a torus of energetic charged particles around the earth, trapped by the earths magnetic field. a. b. c. d. Aurora Van Allen Belt Magnetosphere Ionosphere

20. What happens during Blue Moon? a. b. c. d. No full moons occur in a month. No full moons occur in a month. Two new moons occur in a month. Two full moons occur in a month.

21. Why do Annular Solar Eclipses happen? a. b. c. d. The moon is at perigee. The moon is at apogee. The sun is at perihelion. The sun is at aphelion.

22. What can you deduce from the existence of Lunar Halos? a. The earth's atmosphere is very dynamic. b. The phenomenon indicates fair weather in the future. c. The phenomenon indicates rainy weather in the future. d. a and c are both correct. 23. What meteor shower event happens at early January? a. b. c. d. Leonids Quadrantids Perseids Geminids

18. Which of the following best describes

occultation? a. b. c. d. It happens during Lunar Eclipses. It happens during Solar Eclipses. All of the above. None of the above.

19. Why do we see a red moon during a total lunar eclipse? a. Its color changes to red due to the presence of pollution in the atmosphere. b. Its color changes to red due to shifting wavelengths in the atmosphere. c. Its color changes to red sometimes because of the apparent red light during twilight. d. Its color changes due to the scattering of light as it travels through the atmosphere.

24. Which of these is the largest constellation? a. b. c. d. Hydrus Taurus Virgo Hydra

25. Halleys Comet is responsible for two meteor showers, one of them is? a. Geminids b. Orionids 3

c. Leonids d. Perseids 26. Which nebula is the remnant of a supernova observed in 1054AD? a. b. c. d. Eagle Flame Omega Crab

31. What organic compound gives Uranus blue tint? a. b. c. d. Methanol Propyl Glycol Methane Propane

32. Where is the largest volcano in the solar system? a. b. c. d. Mercury Mars Earth Venus

27. What is the currently numerical value of the Chandrasekhar Limit? a. b. c. d. 28. a. b. c. d. 1.34 solar masses 1.36 solar masses 1.38 solar masses 1.40 solar masses What is 433 Eros? Meteoroid Centaur Trojan Asteroid

33. When does the vernal equinox happen? a. b. c. d. September December June March

34. When was Halleys comet last seen? a. b. c. d. 1986 1987 1984 1985

29. What do you call a space rock that reaches the ground and survives an impact? a. b. c. d. Meteor Meteora Meteoroid Meteorite

35. Which automobile companys name is the name for a star cluster? a. b. c. d. Toyota Subaru Mitsubishi Kia

30. What is the closest star next to the sun? a. b. c. d. Proxima Centauri Deneb Dubhe Merak

36. In what constellation does the star Regulus lie? a. Taurus 4

b. Leo c. Aries d. Libra

c. Musca d. Norma 42. What is the first animal in space?

37. How many moons does Jupiter have? a. b. c. d. 46 56 66 76

a. b. c. d.

Spider Cockroach Dog Fruit Flies

43. The following are consequences of the special theory of relativity except? a. b. c. d. Length contraction Time dilation Relativity of simultaneity None of the above

38. Who proposed the first heliocentric system? a. b. c. d. Aristarchus Anaximander Copernicus Ptolemy

44. Which deep sky object catalogue has the least objects? a. b. c. d. Messier Catalogue New General Catalogue Herschel 400 Caldwell Catalogue

39. What meteor shower has Tempel-Tuttle as its parent comet? a. b. c. d. Perseids Leonids Geminids Lyrids

45. What is the alpha star of Orion? a. b. c. d. Betelgeuse Bellatrix Rigel Saiph

40. What is the internationally recognized authority for assigning designations to celestial body? a. b. c. d. FBI IAU NASA MIB

46. What part of the Sun is not visible during a Total Solar Eclipse? a. b. c. d. Corona Chromosphere Solar Flares Photosphere

41. Which of these constellations were not named by LaCaille? a. Mensa b. Reticulum

47. Which planet that rotates clockwise? 5

a. b. c. d.

Venus Neptune Earth Mars

49. The earths axis is how many degrees away from the orbital plane? a. b. c. d. 23.5 14.0 66.5 121.0

48. It is the apparent daily motion of the stars about the celestial pole caused by the Earths rotation on its axis a. b. c. d. Precession Diurnal motion Sidereal motion None of the above

50. Which among the following is never perpendicular to the zenith? a. b. c. d. North celestial pole Celestial Horizon Celestial Equator All of the above

Problem Solving. (5 pts each All or Nothing). Instructions: a. Solve the following problems on the answer sheet provided and box your final answer. b. You can also use the back part of your answer sheets as scratch paper. c. You may use your calculators. 1. What is the altitude of the sun (in degrees) at 9:49 PM at the North Pole during winter solstice? 2. At latitude of 80 south, what is the altitude of the sun (in degrees) at midnight during winter solstice? 3. Last May 27, 2010 the Moon is full and it is the 5th full Moon of the year. Approximately, on what date will the 7th full Moon occur?

4. Star As altitude when observer1 is on the equator is 20. What will star As altitude when observer1 travels to the Philippines with a latitude of 15 in the same longitude? 5. The Hour Angle of Star A is 11h 8min 43s. If the Right Ascension of the Celestial Meridian is 15h 7m 21s, what is the Right Ascension of Star A?