Leadership Motivation Communication Conflict/Negotiation Teamwork Ethics

Motivating and inspiring Taking people to greater heights Encourage people to push themselves to achieve the highest possible performance

What do you know about yourself as a leader?

QUALITIES

CHARACTERISTICS

Strong communication skills Being a role model and being organized Build character Make a difference People-oriented skills Skilful communicator Have integrity and honesty Enable motivation What leadership qualities do you have?

Ability Knowlegede Experience Personality

How do you define leadership?

Is a good teacher Does not put down those they are working with Gets the most from those they are working with Works within the framework of the rules

INGREDIENTS

WHAT IS SUCCESSFUL LEADERSHIP

Create and practice values Develop committed followers Inspire accomoplishments Model appropriate behavior Focus attention on important issues Connect the group to the outside world

Enables employees to learn How to lead and follow within the team How to make good decisions Not to be afraid to fail Character values To be the best they can be What other ingredients are important to be a successful leader?

Leadership that pulls together people with diverse talents, backgrounds, experiences and interests, encourages them to step up to responsibility and continued achievement, and treats them as full scale partners and contributors. Leadership is not about memorising techniques or devising the perfect game plan. It is about really paying attention to people really believing them, really caring about them, really involving them. (Peters & Austin, 1985)

What is motivation?

1.

The effort or how hard people work

Intrinsic Motivation Motivation comes from performing work

2. Extrinsic Motivation Behavior performed in order to recieve awards

 It is an intrinsic and internal process

Encourages people to achieve goals Influences project productivity Creates an environment of

satisfaction

FINANCIAL TECHNIQUES

NON-FINANCIAL TECHNIQUES

Salary raise Bonus Rewards allowances

Promotion Praise Appreciation Job enrichment Participation in mangement

KEY APPROACHES TO MOTIVATON

INDIVIDUALS MUST BE:

Meeting basic human needs Designing jobs that motivate people Treating people equitably Enhancing the belief that desired rewards can be achieved

Allowed to perform the tasks they were hired for Stimulated to go beyound routine performance and become creative and innovative in their work

Achievement motivation Competence motivation Power motivation Attitude motivation Incentive motivation

Douglas McGregors x and Y theory Maslows theory Victor Vrooms expectancy theory McClellands learned needs Motivator-Hygiene Model

X = employees do not like to work They will attempt to avoid responsibilities as much as possible

Y= employees give effort They have self-control and take responsibility as much as possible

All this results in punishment from the manager

All this results in awards from the manager

Three motives are Power motive Affiliation motive Achievement motive

Provides periodic performance feedback Provides good role models Helps employees modify self-image

MOTIVATOR FACTORS

HYGIENE FACTORS

Work itself Recognition Advancement resonsibility

Company policy and administration Technical supervision Salary Working conditions Interpersonal relations

1. Employee Identifies need

2. Employee searches for ways to identify these needs

3. Employee selects goal-directed behaviors

6. Employee reassess need deficiencies

5. Employee receives either rewards or punishments

4. Employee performs

WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?

COMMUNICATION IS NEEDED FOR:

It is a two-way process Listening is a foundation to effective communication

Exchanging information Making plans or proposals Reaching agreements Executing decisions Sending and fulfillings orders Conducting sales

What gets communicated, depends upon how one LISTENS!

Verbally Non-verbally Written Technological

It can be: Aggressive Submissive Assertive

Communicating in an organization itself.

Upward communication: communication/information flowing from lower levels to upper level positions ( from subordinates to superiors) Downward communication: provides enabling information ( giving instructions for example) Horizontal communication: involves coordinating information (problem solving)

Communication with people outside of the organization

Conflict is caused through

1. 2. 3. Poor communication Lack of openness Failure to respond to employees needs

Task conflict
Conflict about goals at the working place

Relationship Conflict
Conflict about interpersonal relationships

Process Conflict
Conflict on how work should be done

FUNCTIONAL

DYSFUNCTIONAL

Conflict that supports goals of a group and improves their performance

Conflict that hinders group performance

Negotiation is a process in which two or more parties exchange goods or services and an agreement is made on both sides.

Distributive Bargaining: win-lose situation in a short-term relationship

Integrative Bargaining: win-win situation in a long-term relationship.

T
O G E T H E R

E
V E R Y O N E

A
C H I E V E S

M
O R E

Good communication and social skills we instead of me Individual accountablilits Personal responsibility Group processing Shared goals Processes for conflict resolution

Teams are dynamic, not a fixed entity!

Get acquainted and feel comfortable with fellow members Develop ground norms Communicate and work cooperatively Begin trusting each other

Fundamentals of good teamwork Trust Felixibility Good manners Sharing information coaching

Any other ideas?

FORMING

STORMING

People feel uncomfortable when they first jon a team or group We need to think about how we can unit people together

There may be some tensions when groups first come together This should be dealt with at the very beginning

NORMING

PERFORMING

Teams develop trust, they begin to share ideas and they agree on what needs to be achieved

Credit should be given where acceptable.

Derived from the greek word Ethos referring to character and sentiments of society.

Treat others as you want to be treated

Repect Honesty trust

Principles and standards which guide behavior in the world of business Right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable behavior within an organization

Influences on ethical behavior

Personal value Supervisor influence Performace pressure Peer pressure

 Meeting deadlines Helping the organization survive Saving job positions

Dealing with ethical dilemmas:

1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Recognize the ethical dilemma Get facts Indentify options Test each option (is it legal, benefical etc) Decide which option to follow Take action

One of the most common ethical dilemmas occurs when a companys culture conflicts with an employees personal ethics.

Business operates within the society Business survives on ethical means Trust of employees Image Overall benefit

Adnan. (February 4, 2008). Business Communication and its Types. Retrieved from http://www.rizwanashraf.com/2008/02/04/businesscommunication-and-its-types/ Siddique, M. (December 22, 2012).Conflict and Negotiation Presentation. Retrieved from http://de.slideshare.net/mansoor2506/conflict-andnegotiation-presentation Government of South Australia. (2006). Introduction to working in Teams. Retrived from www.ofv.sa.gov.au Hinkson, J. (2001). The art of team coaching. Canada: Warwick Publishing Inc. Schermerhorn, J. (2010) Organizational Behavior. 11th edition